Name: ORIO, PSYBER V.

Date: October 11, 2020

Degree/Year: BSED SCIENCE 1B NIGHT Score: _______________

Exercise # 3
Problem Solving Exercise:

Answer the following problem exercise. Show your complete solution for full credit. Each item is
worth 10 points.

1. If 15.0 g of CaCl 2 is present in 250.0 mL of aqueous solution, what is the

concentration in terms of the following? The density of the solution is 1.01 g/mL
A. Parts per million B. Mass percent
Converting ml to grams Converting mL to grams
250 mL 1.01 g 250 mL 1.01 g
x = 252. 5 g x = 252. 5 g
1 1 mL 1 1 mL
g solute g solute
ppm = x 106 mass % = x 100%
g solution g solution
15.0 g CaCl 2 150. 0 g
= x 106 = x 100%
252.5 g 252.5 mL
= 59,405.94069 ppm = 5.9405594059 or 5.94%

C. Mass/volume percent
m g solute
%= x 100
v mLsolution
15.0 g
= x 100
250.0 mL
= 6% (m/v)
D. Molarity E. Molality
moles of solute mol of solute
M= molality =
liters. of solution kg . of solvent
Molar mass: Ca- 40.078, Cl 2 – 35.45 (2) Molar mass: Ca- 40.078, Cl2 – 35.45 (2) →
→ 70.9 70.9
40.078 + 70.9 = 110.978 or 110.98 g/mol 40.078 + 70.9 = 110.978 or
1mol 110.98 g/mol
15.0 g x = 0.14 mol
110. 98 g 1mol
15.0 g x = 0.14 mol
Converting mL to L 110. 98 g
250.0 mL 1L
x = 0.25 L
1 1000 mL
Conversion g to kg
0.135154616 mol 1 kg .
M= 250 ml x = 0.25 kg.
0.25 L 1000 g
= 0.54 M mol of solute 0.14 mol
m= =
kg . of solvent 0.25 kg
= 0.56 m

2. Copper sulfate is widely used as a dietary supplement for animal feed. A lab
technician prepares a stock solution of CuSO 4 by adding 79.00 g of CuSO4 to
enough water to make 500.0 mL of solution. An experiment requires a 0.1000 M
solution of CuSO4.
A. B.
moles of solute . V2 = M 1 x V1 / M 2
Molarity =
liters. of solution 0.1000 M x 1.500 L
=
Molar Mass: Cu- 63.55, S- 32.06, O 4- 1.000 M
16.00 (4) → 64 = 0.15 L
Total: 159. 606 or 159.61
g/mol
1 mol
79.00 g x = 0.49 mol
159.61 g
Convert to mL to L
500 mL 1L
x = 0.5 L
1 1000 mL
 0.49 mol
Molarity =
0.5 L
= 0.98 M

3. Hydrogen peroxide is used by some water treatment systems to remove the

disagreeable odor of sulfides in drinking water. It is available commercially in a
20.0% by mass aqueous solution. What is the mole fraction of H 2O2?
Convert 20% to decimal → 0.20
m solute
%m= x 100%
m soln
Solute + Solvent = Solution
0.20 + 99.8 = 100 g
H2- 2x1= 2 , O2- 32
Total: 34
0.20g H2O2/ 1 x 1 mol/ 34 g = 0.01 mol H2O2
99.8 H2O2/ 1 x 1 mol/ 18 = 5.54 mol H2O
X H2O2 = n H2O2 / n H2O2 + H2O
0.01
=
0.01+5.54
XH2O2= 0.002

4. Glucose, C6H12O6, in water is often used for intravenous feeding. Sometimes

sodium ions are added to the solution. A pharmacist prepares a solution by
adding 2.0 mg of sodium ions (in the form of NaCl), 6.00 g of glucose, and 112 g
of water.
A. MOLALITY B. PPM
mol of solute Conversion to mg to g
molality =
kg . of solvent
2 mg
Molar Mass: = 0.002 g Na
1000 mg
C6- 6 x 12.01 = 72.06 NaCl= 2mg of sodium + 6g of glucose +
H12- 12x 1= 12
112 g of water
O6- 6x 16= 96
= 118.002 g
Total: 180.06 g/mol
g solute
1 mol ppm = x 106
6.00g x = = 0.03 mol g solution
180.06 g
 Conversion of g to kg. 0.002 g
ppm = x 106
1 kg 118.002 g
112 g x = 0.112 kg.
1000 g = 17 ppm
0.03 mol
molality =
0.112 kg
= 0.27 m

5. The solubility of pure nitrogen in blood at body temperature, 37 0C, and one
atmosphere is 6.2 x 10-4 M. If a diver breathes air (XN2= 0.78) at a depth where
the total pressure is 2.5 atm, calculate the concentration of nitrogen in his blood.
Concentration of N 2
. k= = 6.2 x 10 -4 / 1.00 atm = 6.2 x 10 -4 M/ atm
Pressure of N 2
PN2 = XN2 x PN2 = 0.78 x 2.5 atm= 2.0 atm
(N2)= kPN2 = 6.2 x 10-4 M/atm x 2.0 atm = 1.2 x 10 -3 M

6. Eugenol is the active ingredient in the oil of cloves used for relieving toothaches.
Calculate the boiling point of a solution in which 0.175 g of eugenol, C 10H12O2 , is
dissolved in 10.0 g benzene.
Kb benzene = 2.53 0C/m

0.175g of C10H12O2 x 1 mol C10H12O2 = 0.001067 mol C10H12O2

0.001067 mol C 10 H 12 O 2
Molality= = 0.1067 m
1.01kg benzence
∆Tb = kbMm
∆Tb = 2.53°C / mM 0.067m = 0.269°C
∆Tb = normal boiling point of the solvent + ∆Tb
∆Tb = 80. 1°C + 0.269°C = 80.37°C