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4G technology will not only be used for cellular telephone systems, but will also be used in wireless broadband access communication systems. It provides a secure IP solution, high data rate of 100 Mbps between any two points in the world, seamless connectivity allowing users to enjoy global roaming across multiple networks. A Japanese company, NTT docomo, is testing 4G communication at 100 Mbps for mobile users and up to 1 Gbps.
4G technology will not only be used for cellular telephone systems, but will also be used in wireless broadband access communication systems. It provides a secure IP solution, high data rate of 100 Mbps between any two points in the world, seamless connectivity allowing users to enjoy global roaming across multiple networks. A Japanese company, NTT docomo, is testing 4G communication at 100 Mbps for mobile users and up to 1 Gbps.
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4G technology will not only be used for cellular telephone systems, but will also be used in wireless broadband access communication systems. It provides a secure IP solution, high data rate of 100 Mbps between any two points in the world, seamless connectivity allowing users to enjoy global roaming across multiple networks. A Japanese company, NTT docomo, is testing 4G communication at 100 Mbps for mobile users and up to 1 Gbps.
Drepturi de autor:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Formate disponibile
Descărcați ca DOC, PDF, TXT sau citiți online pe Scribd
and high quality voice and high-data-rate Abstract -This paper defines the wireless channels. 4G technology will not technology beyond 3G, examines the leading only be used for cellular telephone 4G technologies, and discuss their various systems, but will also be used in wireless features, benefits and the progress of broadband access communication technology to date. It concludes with a systems. recommendation for companies considering Fourth generation networks are likely to use a future 4G deployments. combination of WiMax and WiFi.Core technologies employed by 4G may include SDR (Software-defined radio) receivers, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), Keywords -4G Technology, Wimax, LTE, OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division 4G Network Environment. Multiple Access), MIMO (multiple input/multiple output) technologies, UMTS and TD- SCDMA. All of these delivery methods ensures high rates of data transmission I. INTRODUCTION and packet-switched transmision Fourth-generation wireless abbreviated as protocols. While 3G technologies, are a 4G, is a technology that will bring mix of packet and circuit-switched revolution in wireless communications. It networks. is also known as “beyond 2G and 3G," A Japanese since it provides a secure IP (Internet company, NTT DoCoMo, is testing 4G Protocol) solution, high data rate of 100 communication at 100 Mbps for mobile Mbps between any two points in the users and up to 1 Gbps and plans on world, seamless connectivity allowing releasing their first commercial network in users to enjoy global roaming across 2010. Other telecommunications multiple networks, and support for high companies, however, are moving into the quality multimedia. area even faster. In August of 2006, Sprint Users will enjoy high quality streaming Nextel announced plans to develop and voice and data at a much higher speed deploy a 4G broadband mobile network than 3G. In today’s world there is rising nationwide in the United States using demand of being able to communicate to WiMAX. people and have access to data regardless of location. This requirement is being fulfilled by 4G. The “anytime, anywhere” solution of 4G technology is also referred to as “MAGIC,” which is an abbreviation for mobile multimedia; anytime/anywhere; global mobility support , , Integrated wireless and Customized personal service will provide a wide variety of new services 3G systems promise faster communications services, entailing voice, fax and Internet data transfer capabilities. ITU’s IMT-2000 is a global standard for 3G and has opened new doors to enabling multimedia entertainment, and location-based services, as well as a whole lot more. 3G technology supports around 144 Kbps, with high speed movement, i.e. in a vehicle. 384 Kbps (download) maximum, typically around 200kbps, and 64kbps upload, and up to 2Mbps for fixed stations, i.e. in a building. 4G mobile data transmission rates are planned to be up to 100 megabits per second on the move and 1000 gigabits per second stationary, this is a phenomenal II.HISTORY amount of bandwidth, only comparable to the bandwidth workstations get connected directly to a LAN. The 1G, or First Generation was based on analog system, and was developed in the seventies, 1G had two major improvements, this was the invention of the microprocessor, and digitization of the control link between III. THE CURRENT STATE OF 3G the phone and the cell site. Advance mobile phone system (AMPS) was first launched by the US . Based on Frequency Division Before beginning a discussion of 4G Multiple Access , it allows users to make technologies and business voice calls in one country. applications, it is important to understand 2G first came into existence around the end the current state of 3G of the 1980’s and was based on digital networks. There is no official definition by a technology.It gave a lot better quality and standards group of what much more capacity (i.e. more people could constitutes 3G. The term evolved in the use there phones at the same time), all at a wireless industry and generally lower cost . Based on Time Division Multiple includes the International Standards Union’s Access, the first commercial network for use (ITU) IMT-2000 technology by the public was the Global system for definition and related features. mobile communication (GSM). IMT-2000 is an ITU term that defines globally For 1 and 2G standards, bandwidth recognized 3G maximum is 9.6 kbit/sec, This is technologies for use in IMT-identified radio approximately 6 times slower than an ISDN frequency bands. (Integrated services digital network). Technologies currently recognized as The 3G system would have higher quality meeting these requirements voice channels, as well as broadband data include WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-CDMA and capabilities, up to 2 Mbps. Unfortunately, the EDGE. two groups could not reconcile their Over the last decade, several incremental differences, and this decade will see the improvements in radio introduction of two mobile standards for 3G. technology and command-and-control In addition, China is on the verge of software have been classified implementing a third 3G system. as 3G technologies. To denote their significance properly, the technologies are commonly (and unofficially) communication service and ubiquitous named as higher and service through wired and wireless higher variants of 3G such as 3.5G and 3.9G. convergence networks without the space The different 3G technologies problem and terrestrial limitation, by means use more or less the same repertoire of tools of ubiquitous connectivity. with different combinations and variations to optimize bandwidth usage. 4G service will give broadband services an advantages of low cost facility and wide coverage area as compared to the IV. CHARACTERISTICS OF 4G existing services. All-IP technology networking and IP 4G mobile systems will be given by a multimedia services are the important horizontal communication model, where aspects in cellular, cordless, wireless LAN type systems, the wired and wireless network. The concept short-range wireless connectivity, and wired behind the broadband convergence network systems will be combined on a similar (BcN) fit in the provision of a common, platform to complement each other in the unified, and flexible service architecture best possible way for different service that can support multiple types of services requirements and radio environments. The and management applications over various characteristics of 4G technology are multiple types of transport networks. as follows : An important issue in security designs for 4G networks is flexibility. To support multimedia services, high- datarate services with good system reliability will be provided. At the same time, a low data rate transmission cost will be maintained. In order to meet the demands of these diverse users, service providers should design personal and customized services for them. Personal mobility is a concern in mobility management. Personal mobility concentrates on the movement of users instead of users’ terminals, and involves the provision of 4G provides convergence services personal communications and which means that the creation of high- personalized operating environments. reliable and quality broadband mobile
V. ANALYSIS OF 4G
Considering 4G characteristics we can
find out benefits and opportunities of 4G with better understandings. The lists and findings follow: Benefits in 4G: - 4G visions take into account installed base and past investments - Strong position of telecommunications vendors expected in the marketplace. [1] Pioneer Consulting Report, “The WiMAX - Faster data transmission and higher bit rate Report Emergence of Fixed & Mobile and bandwidth, allow more Solutions”, March, 2006. business applications and commercialization [2] Keiji Tachikawa, “A Perspective on the - Has advantage for personalized multimedia evolution of mobile communications”, IEEE communication tools Communications Magazine, October 2003 Opportunities in 4G: [3] Lu, Willie W, Open Wireless Architecture - Evolutionary approach may yield and Enhanced Performance, Guest Editorial, opportunities for the 4G IEEE Communication Magazine, June 2003 - Emphasis on heterogeneous networks [4] ETRI Paper, “Broadband Mobile capitalizes on past investments Communications towards a Converged - Strategic alliance and coalition World”, ITU/MIC Workshop on Shaping the opportunities with traditional Future Mobile Information Society, March 4- nontelecommunication 5, 2004 industries [5] Andrew Dursch, David C. Yen, Shi-Ming - Sophisticated and mature Huang, “Fourth generation wireless commercialization of 4G technology would communications: an analysis of future encourage more applications of e-commerce potential and implementation”, Computer and m-commerce Standards & Interfaces 28, 2005, 13-25. - Worldwide economy recover stimulates [6] 3G Americas, “Mobile Broadband: The consumption and consumer Global Evolution of UMTS/HSPA”, confidence, therefore bring in opportunities July, 2006 for telecommunication sections [7] WiMAX Forum, “Mobile WiMAX: The Best - It is expected and predicted that Personal Broadband Experience”, June, 2006 consumers will continue to replace handsets [8] Qualcomm Report, “IEEE 802.20: Mobile with newer technology at a fast rate. Broadband Wireless Access – A Technical - Desirable higher data capacity rates, the Overview”, June 2006. growth opportunity for 4G is very bright and [9] WiMAX Forum, “Mobile WiMAX: Part2: A hopeful. Comparative Analysis”, May 2006 [10] Sunil Vadgama, Stephen Truelove, “Evaluation of Software Defined Radio VI. CONCLUSION Technology”, February, 2006 [11] Wireless World Research Forum, The Future wireless networks will need to support Book of Vision 2001 Version 1, December diverse IP multimedia applications to provide 2001 flexibility by allowing sharing of resources [12] Brian Low, Wesley J. Johnston, among multiple users. The fourth generation “Relationship equity and switching behavior promises to fulfill the goal of MAGIC -a vision in the adoption of new telecommunication that provides high data rates everywhere services”, Industrial Marketing over a wireless network. Management 35, 2006, 676-689. 4G technologies are extensions of what we [13] ITU Report, “Broadband Mobile are just beginning to see today in mobile Communications Towards a Converged WiMAX and in LTE. World”, ITU/MIC Workshop on shaping the With 802.16e WiMAX deployments already future mobile information society. launched worldwide, LTE proponents have jumped up their efforts to speed up development, so they are not left behind.