Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
in Building
Microfinance Banks
for the Poor
1
Table of Contents 17 Commercial MFIs Built Since 2000
In Partnership with
1 Banking on the Poor — Opportunity’s Impact
6 Leveraged with Investment Capital & Deposits Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
6
7 Regulated & Accredited World Bank/CGAP
7
8 Bank Building Methodology Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
11 Technology & Innovations for Rural Clients Caterpillar
12 Global Network of Banks Hyperion
14 The Opportunity Bank Building Team Lenovo
18 Funding Partners Levi Strauss
20 Why Business Leaders & Venture Capitalists Weberg Foundation
Support Opportunity
SAJE Foundation
HSBC Bank
The Opportunity International mission is to
provide opportunities for people in chronic
Citigroup
poverty to transform their lives.
Hilton Foundation
on the cover: Fasilili Chidawo, marketplace vendor, Malawi
European Commission
America with the mission to grant the poor access to the products
482,571
and services that will help them work their way out of poverty. 2003 601,818
protect their family’s health and assets, can find this 3.0%
2.5%
service readily available in their own community —
2.0%
provided by an institution dedicated to their
1.5%
needs and well-being.” 1%
– Christopher A. Crane, President & CEO, 0%
2003 2004 2005 2006
Opportunity International (2.7%) (2.0%) (1.6%) (2.0%)
1
Key Features of Opportunity Banks
n focused on the poor n focused on the poor
With an average first loan size of $262 and 85 percent of its loans
n full range of products provided to women, Opportunity is committed to offering a full
& services range of financial products and services to the poorest entrepreneurs
around the world. Opportunity is focused on serving the poorest of
n leveraged with investment the economically active and seeks to reach DOWN to the poorest
capital & deposits and OUT to the remote and marginalized. Opportunity maintains
a sustained focus on developing new products to service this market
n regulated & accredited and tailoring existing products to better fit their needs. These financial
services help poor families build and protect the economic foundation
of their families and communities. Opportunity’s Client Impact
“Opportunity International demonstrates very Information Management System (CIIMS) tracks a variety of
clearly how small loans and other financial services indicators which helps the organization continually upgrade its
product offerings to meet client needs.
can make an important difference in the lives of the
world’s poorest and most vulnerable people.” Opportunity recognizes that the very poor need more than financial
– Sylvia Mathews, President of Global Development, products to work their way out of poverty. For this reason,
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Opportunity has developed more than 400 training modules —
ranging from basic accounting to HIV/AIDS education — that are
offered in weekly meetings. These modules not only help clients
learn key principles for expanding their businesses, but give them
access to information that addresses social needs. Opportunity also
employs Transformation Coordinators who provide training and link
clients to housing, health and HIV/AIDS services in their communities.
To support the work of the Tranformation Coodinators, Opportunity
has established strategic alliances with organizations like Compassion
International and Habitat for Humanity.
2
Ten employees in Uganda now work
for Gloria Nanono Kigundu’s weaving
business. Since receiving $154 from
Opportunity in 2000, Gloria’s business
has doubled in size.
Gaeten Dery, Deposit Mobilization Officer,
Opportunity International Savings & Loans, Ghana
n full range of products & services
5
n leveraged with investment capital & deposits
Opportunity acquires debt financing and equity for its microfinance Debt Raised (in millions)
institutions to capitalize expansion and meet requirements for long- $60
$80 $159,207,526
$60
$40
$20 $40,058,698
$8,751,506
$4,273,473
$0
2003 2004 2005 2006
6
Leveraging Grant Funds for the Poor:
usaid finances economic growth in montenegro
Since 1999, USAID has provided $11.4 million to Opportunity
International to establish and grow the Opportunity Bank of
Montenegro (OBM). With current short- and long-term debt and
equity at $26 million and savings deposits exceeding $142 million,
Opportunity has provided significant leverage for USAID’s infusion
of capital. Today, OBM serves more than 28,000 loan and 50,000
savings clients, with a portfolio in arrears (over 30 days) of 0.23%.
8
“Opportunity International builds banks for the poor as a way to bring economic
justice to poor people, to help buffer them against the financial risks they face and
to empower them to achieve their goals.”
—Roger Voorhies, COO, Opportunity International Bank of Malawi
Rural Clients Reached Through Innovations in
Products & Technology
ATMs and Point-of-Sale (POS) Devices
Opportunity is committed to finding innovative and cost-effective
ways to extend its financial services to rural areas. Currently,
Opportunity is deploying ATMs and POS devices in rural areas,
including markets and farm shops, to reach remote clients
without the costs of establishing a full satellite branch.
11
Building a Global Network of
Opportunity Microfinance Banks
Since 2000, Opportunity has built 17 commercial microfinance
institutions1 in Albania, China, Ghana, India, Macedonia, Malawi,
Mexico, Montenegro, Mozambique, the Philippines2, Poland, Romania,
Russia, Rwanda, Serbia and South Africa. By 2015, Opportunity will
operate more than 25 microfinance banks3 around the world.
Africa
current by 2007/08 next 5 years
• Ghana • DR Congo • Angola
• Malawi • Kenya • Benin
• Mozambique • Tanzania • Burkina Faso
• Rwanda • Uganda • Ethiopia
• South Africa • Liberia
• Madagascar
• Niger
• Nigeria
• Senegal
• Sierra Leone
• Sudan
12
1 3
Opportunity’s commercial microfinance institutions Sometimes certain restrictions or minimum capital
in Albania, China, India, Mexico, Poland, Romania requirements prevent Opportunity from obtaining
and South Africa are not yet able to mobilize public the status of a full commercial bank as its initial
deposits due to their particular regulated structures. entry structure. When this occurs, Opportunity
Established commercial MFI Opportunity’s goal is to bring each of these will take the next best option for providing the
institutions to a full bank status so that they can poor with a broad range of financial services, such
Consolidation, conversion or start-up underway offer clients a full range of financial services. as gaining a license as a finance or savings and
loans company, with an aim of applying for a full
Targeted countries for expansion 2 Opportunity Microfinance Bank and bank license at the appropriate time.
Kauswagan Bank.
13
The Opportunity Bank Building Team
Global Management Keith Flintham Opportunity’s financial and accounting Bank Senior Management
Regional Director, Europe activities since 1996. Holds an M.B.A.
Larry Reed Former CEO of the Opportunity Bank with majors in Economics and Finance Francis Pelekamoyo
CEO, Opportunity International Network Montenegro, which he led from a not- from Northwestern University and a Chairman & CEO, Opportunity
Oversees the global coalition of for-profit institution to a thriving com- B.A. in Business Administration and International Bank of Malawi
Opportunity MFIs. Beginning his service mercial bank. Formerly served in various Accounting from the University of Francis’ 35-year banking career began
with Opportunity in 1984, Larry has held management positions with National Wisconsin. at the Reserve Bank of Malawi, where
a variety of senior positions within the Westminster Bank. he served as CEO from 1989 until 1995
organization. In 1991, he founded Connie Stryjak and currently serves as a chairman.
Opportunity’s Africa Regional Office Paul Honeyman Vice President, Human Resources Since leaving the Reserve Bank, has
in Zimbabwe and served as its Africa Regional Director, Asia Previously served as VP of Human served on 20 boards within the
Regional Director until 1996. Holds an Opportunity’s senior representative Resources at General Electric, where she microfinance and banking industry,
M.A. in Public Policy from the John F. and focal point for communication oversaw Human Resource leadership including Opportunity MFIs in Zambia,
Kennedy School of Government at between headquarters and institutions and services throughout Europe and Mozambique, Malawi and Ghana.
Harvard University with concentrations in the field. Previously served as Business Asia. Provides global Human Resource Holds an M.A. in Economics from Yale
in International Development and Development Chairman for Siam leadership to Opportunity’s worldwide University and a Diploma in Monetary
International Finance. Insulating Glass Manufacturing Co. network of microfinance organizations. Economics from St. Andrews University
Ltd. Holds an M.B.A. in International in Edinburgh, Scotland.
Adrian Merryman Business from University of South Ken Vander Weele
COO, Opportunity International Network Carolina and Vienna School of Economics President, Opportunity Investments Rodger Voorhies
Responsible for direct oversight and and a B.A. in Economics and Business Former Senior VP, CFO and Founding COO, Opportunity International
management of Opportunity’s Operations from Westmont College. Shareholder of Graphisphere Corporation. Bank of Malawi
Group. Previously served as CEO of Responsible for acquiring and placing Began his service with Opportunity in
Screen PLC, Chief Investment Officer for Jim Frantz debt and equity financing. Served as 1993 as Deputy Regional Director for
Interregnum PLC, CEO for Temenos Regional Director, Latin America Regional VP for Eastern Europe where he Eastern Europe where he was responsible
Systems and Executive Director of CIBC With 11 years of international management developed and managed Opportunity’s for new country development and pro-
Oppenheimer Corporation. Holds an experience, Jim oversees the development pioneering work in the region since 1993. gram design. Went to Malawi in 2002 to
M.B.A. from Harvard Graduate School and growth of Opportunity’s MFIs in Holds a Ph.D. in International Economics establish the Opportunity International
and a B.A. in Economics and Political Latin America. Previously served as from Oxford University. Bank of Malawi, the first full-scale
Science from Swarthmore College. Regional Manager of Land O’Lakes in commercial bank in Malawi to focus on
Eastern Europe where he managed $7 Rick Halmekangas
serving the poor. Served as Opportunity’s
Colin McCormack million in agricultural and business Vice President, Business Development
Investment Manager for Africa and
CEO, Africa Holding Company development projects. Holds a B.A. in Manages new investments made in
Startup Manager for Zambia after coming
Former Managing Director of Barclays International Relations from the commercial entities in the Opportunity
from a career at Bank of America. Holds
Bank of Egypt. Manages Opportunity’s University of Minnesota. International Network. Has served with
an M.B.A. from Kellogg Graduate School
roll-out of microfinance banks across Opportunity since 1995, during which
of Management at Northwestern
sub-Saharan Africa, ensuring that large- Richard John time he led the establishment of
University.
scale outreach to the very poorest is Senior Vice President and CFO Opportunity’s program in Albania.
maintained and that the core compo- Previously served with Amoco and as Holds an M.B.A. from the University of
nents of Opportunity’s banking model Supervising Senior Auditor for Price- Chicago Graduate School of Business
are effectively transferred across borders. Waterhouse in New York. Has led and a B.A. in Political Science from
Wheaton College.
14
Claudia McKay Director of Opportunity Transformation from the University of Arkansas with since 2003 and was appointed as
Head of Microbanking, Opportunity Investments. Benjie previously served majors in finance and banking. FORUS Bank CEO in 2006. Holds an
International Bank of Malawi with the People’s Credit & Finance M.B.A. from Nizhegorodskiy State
Previously served as Technical Consultant Corporation in the Philippines. Holds Manfred Kuhn University and is a graduate of the
for Opportunity’s organizational develop- an M.B.A. from the University of the CEO, Opportunity Finance, South Africa Saratov Institute of Economics and
ment department, and as Marketing Philippines and an M.A. in Economics Joined Opportunity in 2006 to lead its Volgo-Vyatskiy Academy of State Service.
Manager and Asian Program Manager from Ateneo de Manila University. start-up in South Africa. Previously
for Opportunity – UK. Also served as a served as Manager of Credit Operations, Mark Crawford
consultant in the Boston Consulting Ernest Boateng Credit Risk and Data Analytics at Credit CEO, Opportunity Bank Montenegro
Group. Holds an M.B.A. with distinction Head of Microfinance Banking, Indemnity. Also served as Research Established the Opportunity Bank in
from Oxford University and a B.A. in Opportunity International Savings and Economist at the South African Montenegro by converting a local lend-
International Relations from Claremont Loans, Ghana Canegrowers’ Association and as Senior ing institution into a profitable retail
McKenna College. Previously served as Director of Research Assistant at the University of microfinance bank. Prior to joining
MasterCard International where he Natal. Holds a Ph.D., M.S. and B.S. in Opportunity, managed the Albanian-
Ben Botha managed strategic business initiatives Agricultural Economics from the American Enterprise Fund, capitalized at
CEO, Banco Oportunidade de for global credit-based programs, and University of Natal. $30 million. Holds an M.A. with a focus
Mozambique as Resident Vice President for Citigroup/ on economics and finance from the
Has over 17 years of banking experience Citibank. Also served with HSBC, Deutsche Mano Kamaleson University of London and a B.A. from
and was formerly the Division Head Bank and Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken. CEO, Opportunity Kenya Miami University. Serves on the board of
of Banking and Commercial Activities As head of microfinance banking in Former Executive Director of CAPA Opportunity banks in Albania and Serbia.
for Banco Austral, where he oversaw Ghana, Ernest provides overall leadership Foundation Romania, with previous bank-
operations for 53 branches throughout and management to all commercial ing experience at the Bank of America John Schubin
Mozambique. Joined Opportunity in operational activities. Holds an M.B.A. and Lincoln Savings & Loan in California. CEO, Opportunity Bank Serbia
2004 to help establish its new micro- with a major in Finance and International Previously served with Opportunity as Developed Opportunity’s Bank in
finance bank in Mozambique and lead Management Strategy from the Wharton Director of Business Development for Serbia into a thriving bank for the poor
its consolidation growth strategy. Holds School at the University of Pennsyl- Europe and Asia. Currently leading with a revolving loan portfolio of over
a B.A. in Commerce with a major in vania and a B.A. in Economics from Opportunity’s expansion into Kenya, $10 million. Previously served as COO
Business Economics from the University Dartmouth College. which includes the consolidation of for Opportunity Bank Montenegro and
of South Africa. a nongovernmental microfinance as a Peace Corps Business Management
Dabbs Cavin organization into Opportunity’s new Consultant in Bulgaria.
Benjie Montemayor CEO, Opportunity International banking structure. Holds an M.B.A.
CEO, Opportunity International Savings Bank Rwanda in International Finance from Peter F. Charles Ertzinger
and Loans, Ghana Former Executive Vice President and Drucker Graduate School of Management CEO, Opportunity Microcredit Romania
Has led the growth of Opportunity in Chief Lending Officer for Bancorpsouth and a B.A. in Business Administration Worked for eight years with Hawkeye
Ghana, including its conversion from an Bank in Arkansas, formerly Pinnacle from Azusa Pacific University. Bancorporation, a regional bank holding
NGO to a Savings & Loans and soon- Bank. Has 20 years of banking experi- company, where he served as a Senior
to-be full-scale commercial bank. Began ence with expertise in strategic planning, Tatjana Yurina Vice President. Founded and served as
his service with Opportunity in 1989 policy development, regulatory compli- CEO, FORUS Bank, Russia Director of ASSIST, a financial consult-
serving as Regional Coordinator for ance, personnel management, marketing Has nine years of experience in the ing company. From 2003-2005, served
Asia, Director of Banking Services, Vice and budgeting. Holds a J.D. from the microfinance industry. Served as as a financial consultant and advisor
President of Financial Development and University of Arkansas and a B.S./B.A. Executive Director of FORA Fund to USAID financial and credit projects
15
The Opportunity Bank Building Team (continued)
in Romania and Bulgaria. Served as Maria Elena Taylor Banking Products, Systems as an Associate in Reinsurance and
CEO for Opportunity’s microfinance CEO, Oportunidad Microfinanzas, Mexico & Services Group Associate of the Chartered Insurance
institution in Albania until the end of Became CEO of Oportunidad Institute. Holds a degree in Insurance
2006. Holds an M.A. in International Microfinanzas in 2005 and has led it Richard Leftley and Risk Management from the
Studies/Adult Education and a B.A. through a stage of aggressive growth and President, Micro Insurance Agency, Ltd. National University of Science and
in Agricultural Economics from Iowa expansion. Previously served as CEO of Previously worked as a reinsurance Technology in Zimbabwe.
State University. Opportunity’s MFI in Honduras. Holds an broker for Benfield Greig Ltd., the
M.A. in International Development from world’s largest independent reinsurance Roy Pratt
Robert Hart Saint Mary’s University and a B.A. in broking group. Pioneered the introduc- Vice President, Strategic Development
CEO, PShM, Albania Economics from Saint Vincent University. tion of insurance products within Before joining Opportunity, enjoyed a life-
Former Vice President of the Financial Opportunity and launched the Micro time career in commercial retail banking
Institutions Group of Citibank, where he Angel de Leon Insurance Agency in 2005. Richard is in the UK with Midland Bank, HSBC and
was responsible for product and sales CEO, TSKI and Kauswagan Bank, leading the establishment of Micro MasterCard. As director of origination
training, risk analysis and transaction Philippines Insurance Agencies around the world, and governance for Mondex International
structuring for U.S. banks. Prior to Has served as CEO since 1986, spear- with an initial focus in Africa and Asia. Ltd., set up regulated financial institu-
joining Opportunity, served as Bank heading the development of one of the tions around the world enabling them to
Modernization Consultant in Saudi Arabia, fastest growing MFIs in the Philippines. Tracey J. Talentino handle e-cash transactions. Currently
Colombia, Peru, El Salvador, Mexico, Co-developed a branch office replication Director, Partner Services leads the development and implementa-
Chile and Venezuela. Holds an M.A. in methodology which can establish a Has 13 years of experience in design, tion of Opportunity’s Standards and
International Business from the American new branch with borrowed funds and implementation and evaluation of Accreditation function to address the
Graduate School of International become financially viable within one international microfinance programs dimensions of accreditation, risk man-
Management and a B.A. in International year. Previously served as President and in 25 countries. Previously served with agement and business assessment.
Relations from the University of Virginia. Manager of the Rural Bank of Zarraga Chase Manhattan Bank and the Spanish-
and Area Manager for the Visayas region language media company Univision. Daryl Skoog
Snezana Andova of Banco de Oro. Holds an M.B.A., a Holds an M.S. in International Affairs Vice President, MIS Division
CEO, Moznosti, Macedonia B.A. in Philosophy and a B.S. in from Columbia University and a B.A. As a VP for Federal Express, he managed
Led the establishment of Moznosti as Business Administration from the in Spanish from Boston College. 550 employees and an operating budget
a Savings Bank, which converted from University of the Philippines. of $80 million, providing strategic
an NGO in 2000. Prior to joining Shadreck Mapfumo direction in the development of core
Opportunity, served as the Financial Noel Alcaide Senior Insurance Manager operating systems to support worldwide
Manager of a Macedonian import textile CEO, Opportunity Microfinance Bank, Develops and manages Opportunity’s package movement, ground operations,
company and as the Manager of Plan Philippines insurance services in Africa, Asia and customer service, customs and billing
and Analysis for a manufacture trade Has been involved with Opportunity Latin America. Since 2005, has been functions. As VP of MIS at Opportunity,
company. for over 20 years, serving as Regional working with the World Bank’s Daryl provides strategic direction for
Resource Manager for the Philippines, Commodity Risk Management Group in the acquisition and deployment of core
CEO for KMBI and consultant for the piloting weather-indexed crop insurance operating systems for Opportunity’s
Opportunity Network prior to his role in Malawi. Holds an M.A. in Actuarial MFIs and provides support for all
as CEO of OMB. Concurrently served Studies from the Australian National deployed systems.
as President and CEO of APPEND, the University and is an Associate of the
microfinance network of the Philippines. Institute of Actuaries of Australia as well
16
Marivic Lau from the Philippines used her
loans from Opportunity to hire additional
workers (like the one shown here) and to
expand her business. She now has six
employees and works through 13 vendors
to sell her baked goods.
17
Funding Partners for Building Opportunity Banks
The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) The Department for International Development of the
USAID has provided Opportunity International with $77 million United Kingdom (DFID)
in grants to build and expand microfinance institutions in Albania, DFID has provided Opportunity International with £17 million
Bulgaria, Colombia, Croatia, Ghana, Honduras, India, Indonesia, ($32 million) for the startup and expansion of microfinance institutions
Macedonia, Malawi, Montenegro, Mozambique, Nicaragua, the in Colombia, Egypt, Ghana, India, Malawi, Russia and Zambia.
Philippines, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)
Individual & Family Donors The Canadian International Development Agency has provided
Opportunity has raised $229 million from individuals and families in Opportunity International with $2 million to support the
Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. development of microfinance institutions.
“Opportunity International is a global leader in microfinance and we are impressed with its innovations and success
in personal development. Lenovo believes that business is an integral part of society and Opportunity International’s
goal of reaching promising entrepreneurs in poorer regions aligns with our strategy of improving quality of life and
Bill George, Former Chairman and CEO, Medtronic, and Penny George, President, I am a longtime supporter of micro credit and my
George Family Foundation
commitment to Opportunity International’s unique
“Opportunity is doing pioneering work in breaking the cycle of poverty by enabling
people to achieve economic self-sufficiency and become leaders through micro-
approach has only increased.”
financing. Its superb local teams ensure the returns of a more effective way to use
our philanthropy.”
Board of Governors, Supporters, 1998 to present
Kevin Compton, Partner, Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Eric McAfee, Managing Director/Founder, Cagan McAfee Capital Partners
“I am a firm believer in the ‘hand up over hand out’ approach. People would “Visiting the entrepreneurial clients of Opportunity International in Nicaragua
rather find their own way out of poverty but they need to be trained, encouraged demonstrated the power to improve children’s lives with only $1 of investment into
and appropriately funded; they need a hand up. We have been looking for over Opportunity’s programs. At the end of 20 years, Opportunity will have grown the
two decades for a group that can create a self-perpetuating outreach. We found it!! contribution from $1 to $4 in amount. Every $1 million enables 1 million children
Opportunity International has what all investors look for when they write a check: and 350,000 entrepreneurs to build independence and a future for themselves and
world class management, a grand vision and a track record of execution. I really their children over 20 years. With $10 million per major contributor, we can make
love these guys!!” enough of an impact to change the future of a society in only a generation.”
Supporter, 2002 to present Supporter, 2006 to present
20
“Opportunity International Bank of Malawi (OIBM) has
used the latest technology to provide an innovative array
of products targeting the low-end financial services
market … Also noteworthy have been the innovative ways
in which OIBM has leveraged its relationship of trust
and proximity with its staff and clients to provide basic
messages on HIV/AIDS prevention and care.”
Australia www.opportunity.org.au
Paul Peters, Chief Executive Officer ppeters@opportunity.org.au
Chris Murdoch, Director, Strategic Services cmurdoch@opportunity.org.au
Mark Daniels, Program & Development Director mdaniels@opportunity.org.au
Canada www.opportunityinternational.ca
Gary Walsh, Chief Executive Officer gwalsh@opportunityinternational.ca
Martha Arias, Program Director marias@opportunityinternational.ca
Germany www.oid.org
Stefan Kneuppel, Chief Executive Officer info@oid.org
www.opportunity.org
2122 York Road, Ste. 340 n Oak Brook, Illinois 60523 n +1.800.793.9455
Additional headquarters: Australia, Canada, Germany, United Kingdom