Index

Alternating loads, minimum weight plastic design of joints 84

frames 112 Continuous beams 19
shakedown 122 Crane girders, under repeated loading
Alternating yield 19,122 146
Amplification factor (for stability) 159
Anderson, D. 166 Davies, J. M. 147
Axial forces Dead load factors 25
effect on plastic moment 65 Deflections 26
effect on rigid-plastic collapse loads See also load-deflection relation
81 Design strength 25
neglection of, 1, 80 Deteriorated critical load 161
with bending moment and shear force Deterioration of stiffness 161
79 Discrete sections, effect on minimum
weight 109
Baker, J. F. 13, 27, 79, 92 Distributed loads 54
Bauschinger effect 2 Button, V. L. 78, 92
Bending of beams
arbitrary section 81
Elastic critical load
effect of axial load 65
approximate methods 163
effect of axial load combined with shear
deteriorated critical load 161
force 79
of portal frame 157
effect of shear force 72
Elastic limit 1,72
I-section 4
Elastic stability 1,157
rectangular section 4
Elementary mechanisms 44
twin-plate section 4
number of 47
Bleich, H. 129,146
Equal area axis 63
British Code for Structural Steelwork
Equilibrium condition 15
viii, 25, 27, 68, 79,163,165
Equivalent point loading 55
Brown, E. H. 81,92
Bryan, E. R. vii
Burnett, N. 82, 92 Fatigue 27,146
Fixed-ended beam
Chandler, D. B. 158,166 plastic collapse 13,16
Columns, eccentrically loaded 150 shakedown under rolling load 135
Combined mechanisms shakedown under two point loads 124
incremental collapse 140 Forces, axial, see axial
static collapse 44 Form factor, see shape factor
Combined stresses 72 Foulkes, J. 100,109,112,118
Complete collapse 23 Free moments 13,33
Computer solutions
elastic-plastic failure loads 160 Geometry, change of 1,16,19,149
minimum weight design 112 Graham, J. D. 92
plastic collapse 57 Green, A. P. 72, 91
shakedown 134 Greenberg, H. J. 16,27
Connections Gregory, M. 166
effect of flexibility 19,84 Grid, plastic behaviour of 57
177
178 Index

Haaijer, G. 166 shakedown limit 132

Hadley, G. 59 Lower bound theorem for
Heyman, J. 13, 27, 57, 59, 78, 79, 92, minimum weight 102
107, 112, 117, 118, 134, 146, 147, plastic collapse 16
165, 166
Hrennikoff} A. 9, 27 Majidy K. L 166
Material factors 25
Incomplete collapse 24 Melon, E. 129,147
Incremental collapse 19,124 Mechanism condition for
Inequalities, method of 57 minimum weight 102
Initial stresses 19 shakedown 124
Instantaneous centre 9, 20, 37 static collapse 15
Interaction diagram MerchantyW. 1,26,159,165
minimum weight 98 Mild steel 1,165
shakedown 138 Minimum weight design 94
static collapse 20 by computer 112
Internal stresses 19 with members of varying cross-section
114
Jenningsy A. 166 Moment-curvature relationship
Johnson, L. G. 92 I-section 4
Joints 84 rectangular section 4
rigid-plastic 8
Khabbazy R. N. 92 twin-plate section 4
Kinematic theorem 17 under reversed bending 8
Korny A. 162, 166 Monosymmetrical section 63, 68
Morrisy L. J. vii, 92
Limiting depth to thickness ratios (for Murrayy N. W. 153,166
webs) 165
Limiting width to thickness ratios (for Nealy B. G. 25, 27, 32, 44, 57, 72, 92,
flanges) 165 129,130,147
Livesleyy R. K. 107,112,118,158,166 Nonlinear weight function 107
Load-deflection relation
eccentrically loaded column 150 Overcomplete collapse 25,43
rectangular fixed-base portal frame,
allowing for stability 158 Permissible region (minimum weight
rectangular fixed-base portal frame, design) 96
ignoring stability 11 Plastic hinge 9
simply supported beam 8 Plastic hinge condition (for minimum
Load factors for design weight) 102
shakedown 145 Plastic hinges, number for collapse 23
static collapse 25 Plastic modulus 4
Loading history 19,130 Plastic moment 4
Local buckling 163 Plastic zones 9,11,151
Longbottonty E. 165,166 Portal frames, pitched roof
Lowy M. W. 162,166 fixed-base 20,33
Lower bound for multi-bay 39
failure load of column 154 pinned-base 38
minimum weight 102 three-pin 9
plastic collapse 16 Portal frames, rectangular
required plastic moment 36 effect of change of geometry 154
 Index 179

fixed-base 11,23 Strength and stability 25

minimum weight 99,109 Stress reversal 2
minimum weight under alternating load Stress-strain relations 1
112 Symonds, P. S. 32, 44, 57, 59
pin-based 23
shakedown 136 Thermal loading, effect on shakedown
Prager, W. 107,112,118 130
Proportional loading 16,19, 22 Thermal stresses 19
Propped cantilever 14,16 Thompson, C. P. 92
Three-moment theorem for minimum
Randall, A. L. 92 weight 116
Rankine-Merchant load 162 Toakley,A.R. 109,118
Reactant moments 13,20, 33, 41 Torsion 57
Resultant moments 33 Tresca yield condition 72
Reversed bending 8,121 T-section 63
Rigid-plastic behaviour Twin-plate section 4
in moment-curvature relation 8
of column 153 Uniqueness theorem for
stress-strain relation 2 collapse 15,18
Royles, R. 123,146 minimum weight 101
Unloading 8
Safe region Unsymmetrical sections
shakedown 138 bending and axial thrust 68
static collapse 22 bending of 63
Salem, A. 162,166 general treatment 81
Serviceability 25 Upper bound for
Settlement 19 failure load of column 154
Shakedown limit 122 failure load of portal frame, allowing
Shakedown theorems 122,130 for stability 159
Shape factor 4 minimum weight 102
Shear forces plastic collapse 11,15
effect on plastic moment 72 required plastic moment 36
effect on rigid-plastic collapse loads shakedown limit 132
81 Upper bound theorem for
neglectionof 1,80 minimum weight 102
with bending moment and axial load plastic collapse 17
79 Variable repeated loading 121
Sherbourne, A. N. 92 Varying section, minimum weight design
Sidebottom, O. M. 26 114
Simply supported beam 8 von Mises yield condition 72
Smith, J.O. 1,26
Squash load 66,153 Weight function 107
Stability, classification of 149 Wind load factors 25
Statistically determinate structures 8 Wood, R. H. 161,163,166,167
Static check 46,52 Work equation 37
Static theorem 16
Stiffeners in joints 89, 91 Yield condition 15
Strain-hardening 1,162,165 Yield stress 2