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Operating S0 1 8 VDD
HCS301
• 3.5V - 13.0V operation S1 2 7 LED
• Four button inputs
S2 3 6 PWM
• No additional circuitry required
• 15 functions available S3 4 5 VSS
• Selectable baud rate
• Automatic code word completion
• Battery low signal transmitted to receiver HCS301 BLOCK DIAGRAM
• Battery low indication on LED Oscillator Power
latching
• Non-volatile synchronization data Controller and
RESET circuit switching
LED
Other LED driver
• Functionally identical to HCS300
• Easy-to-use programming interface
EEPROM Encoder
• On-chip EEPROM
• On-chip oscillator and timing components
PWM
• Button inputs have internal pull-down resistors 32-bit shift register
• Current limiting on LED output
• Low external component cost
VSS
Button input port
Typical Applications VDD
Production HCS301
Programmer Transmitter
Serial Number EEPROM Array
Serial Number
Crypt Key
Sync Counter
Key .
Manufacturer’s Generation Crypt .
Code Algorithm Key .
The 16-bit synchronization counter is the basis behind A transmitter must first be ‘learned’ by the receiver
the transmitted code word changing for each transmis- before its use is allowed in the system. Learning
sion; it increments each time a button is pressed. Due includes calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt
to the code hopping algorithm’s complexity, each incre- key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing
ment of the synchronization value results in greater the serial number, synchronization counter value and
than 50% of the bits changing in the transmitted code crypt key in EEPROM.
word. In normal operation, each received message of valid
Figure 1-2 shows how the key values in EEPROM are format is evaluated. The serial number is used to deter-
used in the encoder. Once the encoder detects a button mine if it is from a learned transmitter. If from a learned
press, it reads the button inputs and updates the syn- transmitter, the message is decrypted and the synchro-
chronization counter. The synchronization counter and nization counter is verified. Finally, the button status is
crypt key are input to the encryption algorithm and the checked to see what operation is requested. Figure 1-3
output is 32 bits of encrypted information. This data will shows the relationship between some of the values
change with every button press, its value appearing stored by the receiver and the values received from
externally to ‘randomly hop around’, hence it is referred the transmitter.
to as the hopping portion of the code word. The 32-bit
hopping code is combined with the button information
and serial number to form the code word transmitted to
the receiver. The code word format is explained in
greater detail in Section 4.0.
A receiver may use any type of controller as a decoder,
but it is typically a microcontroller with compatible firm-
ware that allows the decoder to operate in conjunction
with an HCS301 based transmitter. Section 7.0
provides detail on integrating the HCS301 into a sys-
tem.
EEPROM Array
KEELOQ
Crypt Key Encryption
Algorithm
Sync Counter
Serial Number
Transmitted Information
1 Received Information
EEPROM Array
Button Press Serial Number 32 Bits of Manufacturer Code
Information Encrypted Data
3
KEELOQ
Decryption
Algorithm
Decrypted
Synchronization Check for
4 Match
Counter
Perform Function
5 Indicated by
button press
3.6.3 BAUD RATE SELECT BITS FIGURE 3-1: VOLTAGE TRIP POINTS
(BSL0, BSL1) BY CHARACTERIZATION
BSL0 and BSL1 select the speed of transmission and
Volts (V) VLOW sel = 0 VLOW
the code word blanking. Table 3-3 shows how the bits
5.5
are used to select the different baud rates and
Section 5.7 provides detailed explanation in code word 5.0
Max
blanking. 4.5
4.0
TABLE 3-3: BAUD RATE SELECT 3.5
3.0
Basic Pulse Code Words Min
BSL1 BSL0 2.5
Element Transmitted
0 0 400 µs All
0 1 200 µs 1 out of 2 9.0
VLOW sel = 1
1 0 100 µs 1 out of 2 8.5
1 1 100 µs 1 out of 4 8.0
Max
7.5
7.0 Min
TE TE TE
LOGIC ‘0’
LOGIC ‘1’
Bit
Period
Repeat VLOW Button Serial Number Button OVR DISC Sync Counter
(1 bit) (1 bit) Status (28 bits) Status (2 bits) (10 bits) (16 bits)
S2 S1 S0 S3 S2 S1 S0 S3
MSb LSb
66 Data bits
Transmitted
LSb first.
PWM
S2
S[1:0] “01,10,11”
Reserved Padding Button Serial Number Button DISC+ OVR Sync Counter
(16 bits) (2 bits) Status (28 bits) Status (12 bits) (16 bits)
S2 S1 S0 S3 S2 S1 S0 S3
82 Data bits LSb
MSb Transmitted
LSb first.
5.5 Auto-shutoff
The Auto-shutoff function automatically stops the
device from transmitting if a button inadvertently gets
pressed for a long period of time. This will prevent the
device from draining the battery if a button gets
pressed while the transmitter is in a pocket or purse.
This function can be enabled or disabled and is
selected by setting or clearing the Auto-shutoff bit (see
Section 3.4.1). Setting this bit high will enable the func-
tion (turn Auto-shutoff function on) and setting the bit
low will disable the function. Time-out period is approx-
imately 25 seconds.
Amplitude
BACW Disabled A Code Word Code Word Code Word Code Word
(All words transmitted)
BACW Enabled 2A
(1 out of 2 transmitted)
4A
BACW Enabled
(1 out of 4 transmitted)
Time
Note: If a Verify operation is to be done, then it must immediately follow the Program cycle.
50Ω External
12.0
10.0
8.0
mA
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
VBAT [V]
1 κΩ External
12.0
10.0
8.0
mA
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
VBAT [V]
2 κΩ External
12.0
10.0
8.0
mA
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
VBAT [V]
LEGEND
Typical
Maximum
Minimum
TTD
TDB
PWM Code Code Code Code Code
Output Word Word Word Word Word
1 2 3 4 n
TTO
Button
Input
Sn
LOGIC ‘1’
Bit Period
TBP
Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 30 Bit 31 Bit 32 Bit 33 Bit 58 Bit 59 Bit 60 Bit 61 Bit 62 Bit 63 Bit 64 Bit 65
Number
Symbol Characteristic Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Min. Typ. Max. Units
of TE
TE Basic pulse element 1 260 400 660 130 200 330 65 100 165 µs
TBP PWM bit pulse width 3 780 1200 1980 390 600 990 195 300 495 µs
TP Preamble duration 23 6.0 9.2 15.2 3.0 4.6 7.6 1.5 2.3 3.8 ms
TH Header duration 10 2.6 4.0 6.6 1.3 2.0 3.3 0.7 1.0 1.7 ms
THOP Hopping code duration 96 25.0 38.4 63.4 12.5 19.2 31.7 6.2 9.6 15.8 ms
TFIX Fixed code duration 102 26.5 40.8 67.3 13.3 20.4 33.7 6.6 10.2 16.8 ms
TG Guard Time 39 10.1 15.6 25.7 5.1 7.8 12.9 2.5 3.9 6.4 ms
— Total Transmit Time 270 70.2 108.0 178.2 35.1 54.0 89.1 17.6 27.0 44.6 ms
— PWM data rate — 1282 833 505 2564 1667 1010 5128 3333 2020 bps
Note: The timing parameters are not tested but derived from the oscillator clock.
1.7
1.6
1.5 TE MAX.
VDD = 3.5V
1.4
1.3 VDD = 5.0V
TE MAX.
1.2
TE
1.1
VDD = 5.0V
1.0
Typical
0.9
0.8
VDD = 5.0V
0.7
TE Min.
0.6
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
TEMPERATURE
XXXXXXXX HCS301
XXXXXNNN XXXXXNNN
YYWW 0025
XXXXXXX HCS301
XXXYYWW XXX0025
NNN NNN
Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will
be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters
for customer specific information.
* Standard PICmicro device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and
traceability code. For PICmicro device marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check
with your Microchip Sales Office. For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP
price.
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10/01/01