1.

Design Condition
1.1 Type : xxx-Type (H=xm, B=m) [Superstructure Type : PSC(Span=50m)]
1.2 Foundation Type :

Unit Weight of Abutment Materials =

1.3 Design Load
1) Dead Load
A) Ground
Ground Soil Unit Weight (γ1) : 18 KN/m2
N-Value at pile end (N) : = 10 (Soft Soil)
B) Back Fill
Self Unit Weight (γ2) : 18 KN/m2
Shear Resistance Angle (φ) : 35

2) Live Load : IRC class A truck

3) Earth Pressure
A) Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure at Ordinary Time ( Coulomb Earth Pressure )

Sin (    )
2
Ka  2
 Sin (   ) Sin (   ) 
Sin 2  Sin (    )1  
 Sin (    ) Sin (   ) 

B) Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure at Seismic ( Mononbe-Okabe Formula )

Sin (      ' )
2
Ka  2
 Sin(   ) Sin(   ' ) 
Cos ' Sin 2  Sin(    ' )1  
 Sin(    ' ) Sin(   ) 

4) Impact Factor ( Span L = 50.00 m )

Using "IRS 6 2010 loads and stress" for specifying Loads on superstructure and substructure:
impact factor is taken as 10% as section 208

5) longitudinal force
A) Brake Load: IRS 6 2010 loads and stress section 211 (Breaking effect is invariablly greater then tractive effect)
B) Start Load : (Also called Tractive effort)
C) Frictional resistance offered to the movement of free bearing due to change of tempurature or any other cause

6) Surcharge Load
qL = 35 KN/m² (Live Load)
qD = 15 KN/m² (Dead Load)

7) Seismic Load
Using IRC:6 - 2010 Section 219 for seismic load:
Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient:
for time period 𝑇=2∗√(𝐷/1000𝐹) D= superstructre dead load+ live load (KN)
F= horizontal force in KN for 1 mm deflection of abutment

D= 5349.234 KN
F= 194.140 KN I= 6.252

Kh = 0.06 x 1.200 = 0.072 (For EarthPressure: Kh =(Z/2 x (I)/R)(Z=0.36, Zone V, I=1.2, R=3)
kh = 0.072 x 2.5 = 0.180 (Inertia force calculation of superstructure, (Sa/g = 2.5)

8) Temperature Variation

1.4 Used Material and Strength

1) Concrete Design strength : fck = 30 MPa
2) Rebar Yield Strength : fy = 415 MPa
3) Bearing ( xxxx Bearing ) - Bearing Friction Coefficient (μm) : 0.150
2. Assumed Section b1 b2
Approch slab
b3 b4 height up to bearing H = 11.630 m
Dh= bearing height Bh = 0.500 m
①
Deck height Dh = 3.750 m
total height Ht = 15.880 m
Length of Abutment L = 4.500 m
A b1 = 0.600 m
A A
b2 = 1.700 m
b3 = 0.750 m
b4 = 0.950 m 589
ⓐ ② b5 = 2.300 m
H= 11.630 b6 = 2.900 m
b7 = 3.700 m
depth of foundation Df = 1.000 m
Aproach Slab BA = 8.300 m (top width of Girder)
LA = 3.700 m (Length of back fill)
B B Total Base Width of Foundation = 8.900 m

b5
③ ④ Df= 1.00 m

O
b7= 3.700 b6= 2.900

3.Load Calculation
3.1 Abutment and Backfill Self Weight
1) Volume
① b1 x ( Dh + Bh ) x L = 11.475
② b5 x Ht x H = 120.371
③ ( B7 + B5 ) Df x T = 27.000
④ x Df x T = 13.050
b6
ⓐ B x ( H1 + H ) x L = 264.402

2) Self Weight & Moment

Vertical force and momnet Horizental force and moment

Classification Volume Unit weight
V X M H Y M
① 11.475 24.5 281.14 4.900 1,377.57 50.60475 14.755 746.67309
② 120.371 24.5 2,949.08 4.05 11,943.76 530.83391 6.815 3617.6331
Abut. Self ③ 27.000 24.5 661.50 5.9 3,902.85 119.07 0.5 59.535
Wt.
④ 13.050 24.5 319.73 1.45 463.60 57.5505 0.5 28.77525
Σ 3,230.21 17,687.79 758.05916 4452.6164
ⓐ 264.402 18 4,759.24 7.05 33552.614 856.66248 8.94 7658.5626
Backfill
Σ 4,759.24 33552.614 856.66248 7658.5626

3.2 Surcharge Load

1) Dead Load
Vd = 15.00 × 4.50 × 3.700 = 249.750 KN
MVd = Vd × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 1685.8125 KN·m
Horizontal Force due to Surcharge at seismic condition :
Vd h = 249.75 × 0.180 = 44.955 KN
Md h = Vd × Ht+Df = 758.84 KN·m
2) Live Load
(1) Single Track Loading
Vql1 = 35.00 × 4.150 × 4.300 = 625 KN
Mvql1 = Vql1 × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 4,216 KN·m
(2) Double Track Loading
Vql1 = 35.00 × 8.300 × 4.300 = 1,249 KN
Mvql1 = Vql1 × b6+b2+(b1+b7)/2 = 8,432 KN·m

3.3 Superstructure Load

1) Dead Load (Superstructure Calculation Reference)
Clasification G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Total Remarks
Reaction Force 5246.582

2) Live Load (except Impact, Superstructure Calculation Reference) - Single Track

Clasification G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 Total Remarks
Reaction Force 513.262
3.4 Design Horizontal Force (Longitudinal Direction Horizontal Force)
1) Braking Load considering braking load only (breaking load > tracting load)
The longitudinal force for braking the class A
vehicle is maximum and is given by HBr = 0.20 Wt, where 0.20 is the
coefficient and Wt is the weight of the vehicle directly on the span = 554.000 KN (Total Wt of the IRC class A Tr vehicle 2*27+2*114)
Effect due to class A loading will be less. Hence HBr = = 110.800 KN
this acts 1.2 m above deck level, i.e at a distance from abut. base of
Moment due to braking about abutment base = 2003.264 KN-m
2) Seismic Load
Seismic Force = Kh x Dead load of super structure
= 0.180 x 5246.582
= 944.385 KN

3.5 Earth Pressure Coefficient & earth pressure

1) Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure at Ordinary Time ( Coulomb Formula )

φ (Angle of internal friction of soil) = 35 β = 90 (Slope of backfill) 0.61087
δ (Friction between wall and soil) = 23 α = 0 (Inclination of earth face of wall) 0.40724
 ∴ Ka = 0.244 0.6710100717 1 0.9182161 1 0.4881805 0.9182161069 2.9899648

2) Coefficient of Active Earth Pressure at Seismic ( Mononbe-Okabe Formula )

φ (Angle of internal friction of soil) = 35 θ = 0.072 tan -1 [ Kh / (1-Kv) ] 0.611
δ (Friction between wall and soil) = 23 β = 90 (Angle between backwall and vertical plan) 0.407
α = 0 (Inclination of earth face of wall)
Kh (Horizontal Seismic coefficient) = 0.072 Kv = 0 (Vertical seismic coefficient)
γ (Unit weight of soil) = 20.00 KN/㎥ i (Slope of backfill)
∴ Kae = 0.287
0.737 0.99741803 1.000 0.8874012 1 0.4368516 0.8874011931
Earth pressure
ｑd = 15.00 KN/m² ｑl = 35 KN/m²

1) Active Earth Pressure at Ordinary Time

A) Earth pressure due to surcharge load
Pa1d = Ka x qd x H x L = 262 KN
Pa1L = Ka x ql x H x L = 610 KN
y1 = H /2 = 7.94 m

B) Earth Pressure
Pa2 = 1/2 x Ka x γ x H 2
x L = 2,492 KN
y2 = H /3 = 5.293 m
2) Active Earth Pressure at Seismic
A) Earth pressure due to surcharge load
Paed = Kae x qd x H x L = 308 KN
PaeL = Kae x ql x H x L = 718 KN
Ye1 = H /2 = 7.94 m
B) Earth Pressure
Pae = 1/2 x Kae x (1-Kv) x γ x H 2
x L = 3,257 KN
iii) Shear Check of Foundation
A) design Condition
Ultimate Load = 21725.47KN
Ultimate Moment = 19380.47KNm
BCS = 400.00KN/m^2
Angle of Shearing Friction (ø) = 35
Grade of Steel = 415.00MPa
Grade of Concrete = 30.00MPa
B) Size of footing

Area of Footing = Pu / BCS = 54.31367 m²

L x B = 54.31367
L x 8.9 = 54.31367
L = 6.10266 m 6
Adopt Size of Footing = 6m x 8.45m 50.7
2) Soil Reaction from factored load

New BCS = Pu/Area of footing

= 428.5102550789
C) Calculation of Depth of footing
3.1 ) Considering one way Shear

l
4.5 L

8.9

Eccentricity ( e ) = Mu/Pu = 0.892062 m

= 892.0621 mm
Case-I Along B = 8.45 m Direction
Length from centre of column to one edge of footing
l = B/2+e-1.85/2
= 4.192062 m
= 4192.062 mm
Ultimate Shear Force (Vu) = BCS x B x (l-d)
Assuming Pt = 0.2%
for M30 grade of concrete
Tc = 0.4 N/mm²
Also Vu = Tc x B x d
so Tc x B x d = BCS x B x (l-d) 1141148.701
0.4 x d = 275.84 x (4136.995-d)/1000 675.84
1688.489437
d = 1688.489 mm
Adopt d = 2000mm
= 2.0m
Case-II Along L = 6 m Direction
Length from centre of column to one edge of footing
l = L/2+e-4.5/2
= 1.642062 m
= 1642.062 mm
Ultimate Shear Force (Vu) = BCS x L x (l-d)
Assuming Pt = 0.2%
for M30 grade of concrete
Tc 0.4 N/mm²
Also Vu = Tc x B x d
so Tc x L x d = BCS x L x (l-d) 437757
0.4 x d = 275.84 x (1586.995-d)/100 675.84
647.7224
d = 647.7224 mm
Considering Both Cases I & II Adotp d= 2.0m (2000mm) in both direction
D) Check for Bending Moment
BMmax = BCS x B x l²/2
= 33510170.62 Nmm
= 33.51017062 KNm
Limiting moment Mlim = 0.138 x fck x b x d² For Fe415 steel
= 147384000 Nmm
= 147.384 KNm
Depth is adequate to design the footing in Bending moment
Here Mmax < Mlim
So Depth is sufficient to design the footing
E) Check two way shear
Depth (d) = 2000mm

d/2

d/2
6500mm 6.00m

4300mm

8.90m

Perimeter = 2 x ( 3550 + 6200 )

= 21600 mm
Area of Concrete resisting punching force
A 19500 x 1700mm²
= 43200000 mm²
Now punching Shear force
(S) BCS x (8450 x 6000 - 3550 x 6200 )
= 10905585.99 N
Punching Shear stress =
Tc´ S/A
= 0.25244412 N/mm²
Permissible value of punching shear
Tp Ks x Tc
For Ks
Ks = 0.5+βc
βc = 4.5/1.85 2.43

Ks = 0.5 + 2.4 2.93

Tc = 0.25 x
1.369306394 N/mm²
Tp = 4.015398479 N/mm²
Tp > Tc´ Safe in two way shear
Hence Footing is Safe in two way shear
 F) Calculation of Reinforcement (Ast)
19380467616.2741= 0.27 x 415 x Ast x 1700 x (1- Ast x 415 / (30 x 8.45 x 1000 x 1700))
On solving
Ast = 27456.081 mm²
Provide 24mm dia.
Spacing required (s) = (Area of rod x Width of foundation ) / Total Area of steel required
= 146.640 mm
Provide 24mm dia. Bar @ 140mm c/c.
Area of steel provided = ( Area of rod x width of foundation ) / spacing of bar
= 28758.18857143 mm²
Here Ast required > Ast provided . Design is ok
G) Check for Development Length (Ld)

0.87 x fy x ø
Ld =
4 x Tbd
For M30,
Tbd = 1.5
But for deformed Bars Fe415 Tbd is increased by 60%
Tbd 1.5 x 1.6
= 2.4 N/mm²
Ld 902.63mm
Provide embedment length 2.3
= (B-b)/2 - Clear cover
= 3250 check of develepment length is ok

Abutment of Size 8.9m x 4.5m

Footing 8.9m x 4.5m

Ld Ld
1700mm

Clear Cover = 50 mm
24mm ø @ 140mm c/c
24mm ø @ 140mm c/c
Fig : Detailing of Reinforcenment