Important Notes on Chapter 1 (Conversion Factors and Mathematical Symbols):

Their uses are for conversion of one unit to another unit. This chapter is applicable to any problem in
unit operations and other chemical engineering subjects that may require conversion of units.

- Common units and conversion factors of English to SI units

- List of quantities and common units used
- Alphabetical listing of common conversion (Table 1-6)
- Useful conversion factors (Table 1-7)
- Kinematic-viscosity conversion formulas (Table 1-8)
- Gas law constants (Table 1-9)
- Fundamental physical constants (Table 1-14)

Important Notes on Chapter 2 (Physical and Chemical Data):

This chapter focuses on the data of elements and chemical compounds used in various problems on
subjects in Chemical Engineering varying from viscosity, density, surface tension, boiling and melting
point, etc.

- Physical Properties of the Elements and Inorganic and Organic Compounds, with common
names (Tables 2-1 and 2-2): chemical formula, molecular weight, boiling point, melting point,
refractive index (can be used for distillation), specific gravity and solubility are listed there
- Vapor Pressures of Pure Substance (Tables 2-3 to 2-5 for water in various states, i.e. ice,
supercooled liquid, liquid at a given temperature range)
- Summary of information on substances that are listed and sorted by chemical family throughout
Tables 2-8, 2-32, 2-141, 2-150, 2-153, 2-155, 2-156, 2-179, 2-312, 2-313, 2-314, and 2-315 (Table
2-6) Table 2-7 has the same information but not sorted by chemical family
- Vapor Pressure of Inorganic and Organic Liquids (Table 2-8)
- Vapor Pressure of Inorganic Compounds and Organic Compounds, up to 1 atm (Tables 2-9 and 2-
10)
- Densities of Saturated Liquid Water from the Triple Point to the Critical Point in kg/m 3 (Table 2-
30)
- Densities of Mercury from 0 to 350°C in kg/m3 (Table 2-31)
- Densities of Inorganic and Organic Liquids in mol/dm 3 (Table 2-32)
- Approximate Specific Gravities and Densities of Miscellaneous Solids and Liquids (Table 2-120)
- Solubilities of Inorganic Compounds in Water at Various Temperatures at their anhydrous state
(Table 2-122), to be used for problems on crystallization
- Critical Constants and Acentric Factors of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (Table 2-141)
- Heats of Fusion and Vaporization of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Table 2-147)
- Heats of Fusion of Organic Compounds (Table 2-149)
- Heats of Vaporization of Inorganic and Organic Liquids in J/kmol (Table 2-150)
- Heat Capacities of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds (Table 2-151)
- Specific Heat (kJ/kg.K) of Selected Elements (Table 2-152)
- Heat Capacities of Inorganic and Organic Liquids in J/kmol.K (Table 2-153)
- Specific Heats of Organic Solids (Table 2-154)
- Heats and Free Energies of Formation of Inorganic Compounds (Table 2-178)
 - Enthalpies and Gibbs Energies of Formation, Entropies of Inorganic and Organic Compounds at
298.15 K (Table 2-179)
- 2-207 lists down the unit conversions necessary to convert from English unit to SI units and
notations that will be encountered in the thermodynamics properties table
- Thermodynamic Properties of Water (Table 2-305)
- Surface Tension in dyn/cm of Various Liquids (Table 2-309)
- Viscosity of Inorganic and Organic Liquids in Pa.s (Table 2-313)
- Thermal Conductivity of Inorganic and Organic Substances in W/m.K (Table 2-315)
- Lower and Upper Flammability Limits, Flash Point, and Autoignition Temperature for Selected
Hydrocarbons (Table 2-317)
- Viscosities of Liquids: Coordinates for Use with Fig. 2-32 (Table 2-318)
- Prandtl Number of Air (Table 2-321)
- Diffusivities in Liquids at 25°C (Table 2-325)
- Thermal Conductivities of Some Building and Insulating Materials where k = BTU/(h.ft 2)(°F/ft)
(Table 2-326)
- Thermal Conductivities-Temperature Table for Metals (Table 2-327)
- Simple Fluid Compressibility Factors, Z(0) (Table 2-351)
- Acentric Deviations Z(1) from the Simple Fluid Compressibility Factor (Table 2-352)

Some problems may have incomplete data so these tables are important. These are useful for subjects
such as:

- Physical chemistry
- Chemical engineering thermodynamics
- Transport phenomena (momentum, heat and mass)
- Separation processes
- General chemistry
- Chemical engineering calculations

Important Notes on Chapter 3 (Mathematics):

This chapter is a brief summary on the formulas used in Mathematics, a fundamental subject in
Chemical Engineering.

- Introduction of Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy and the term “steady-state”
- Three basic problems of science and engineering
- Mathematical treatment of engineering problems
- Concepts and formulas of different branches of Mathematics
- Applying partial differentiation in derivation of thermodynamic state functions (Gibbs energy,
enthalpy, entropy, and internal energy)
- The emphasis of the importance of differential equations to higher subjects in chemical
engineering such as heat transfer and other unit operations
- Dimensional analysis
Important Notes on Chapter 4 (Thermodynamics):

This chapter tackles on the branch of science that lends substances to the principle of energy
transformation in macroscopic systems. Different postulates, laws and its mathematical structures
regarding thermodynamic properties such as enthalpy, entropy, work and internal energy are being
discussed. Equilibrium, phase rule and degrees of freedom are given importance here as it is specified to
fix the intensive state of a system at equilibrium. Generalized correlations and virial coefficients for
gases are also discussed. Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium and Raoult’s law, which is useful in determining mole
fractions in a multicomponent system and are applied on other unit operations subjects such as
distillation.

Important Notes on Chapter 5 (Heat and Mass Transfer):

This chapter is divided into two: heat and mass transfer. Heat transfer discusses its three modes which
are: conduction (steady and unsteady), convection (forced and natural/free), and radiation (emissivity
and Stefan-Boltzmann law). Nusselt, Rayleigh, Grashoff, Prandtl, and Reynolds number are the necessary
dimensionless numbers in heat transfer. Heat transfer of phase such as condensation and boiling are
also discussed. Meanwhile, mass transfer deals with diffusivity and mass-transfer coefficient estimation
and common flux equations. Mass transfer calculations involve transport properties, such as diffusivities,
and other empirical factors that have been found to relate mass-transfer rates to measured “driving
forces” in countless geometries and conditions.

Important Notes on Chapter 6 (Fluid Mechanics):

This chapter mainly focuses on fluid flow, its nature and kinematics that is applicable on determining the
designs of where fluids flow like pipes, pumps, turbines and channels. Viscosity, the usage of Moody
chart, and determining different types of fluid flow (laminar and turbulent flow) based on Reynolds
number are one of the most important parts of this chapter. This chapter is essential for subjects such as
momentum transfer and other unit operations that involve fluid flow such as agitation and mixing. This
chapter also discusses lightly on particle technology that is significant on unit operations subjects such
as sedimentation and flotation.