ASSIGNMENT FRONT COVER

CTH Number: CI/DHM/1175s/2018 Student Name: Veronica Njeri Karanja

Centre Name: Cascade Institute Of Tutor Name: Mr. Stanley

Hospitality.

Unit Title: Menu Planning and Costing

Centre Final Mark:

CTH Final Result:

Plagiarism Score:

STUDENT STATEMENT
I hereby declare that this assignment is my own work and any use of materials from other
sources has been referenced accordingly.

Student signature: Date: 31/01/2020.

TUTOR STATEMENT
I hereby confirm that to the best of my knowledge this assignment is the student's own work
and he/she has not collaborated in the production of this assignment with any other person. I
also confirm that I have a record of this student's progress tutorial/s.

Tutor signature

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
INTRODUCTION
This report is meant to demonstrate the achievement of destination analysis, travel agency and tour
guiding outcomes, the report comprises of four part addressing the above outcomes that is:

1.0 Describes the features of different types of destination and the factors that affect a
tourist's choice of a destination.

1.1 Describe the social, cultural and political features that may affect a

Destination
1.2 Describe the information needed to audit a destination.

1.3 Explain the use and significances of the tourism area life cycle (TALC)

Travel agency- this is a private retailer or public service of the public on behalf of supplies such as
airlines, cruise lines and package tours.

Tour guiding- is a process of providing information to the tourist for a pay and is approved by his
country to provide the service.

Destination analysis-this is to determine the pattern of the tourism and develop the tourism in the
country it assists in efficiently managing the resources of a destination keeping in mind the demand
of the tourist.

1.0 Describe the features of different destination and factors that affect tourist destination.

Features refer to us as the factors that contribute to the attractiveness of a tourist destination. They
are two main feature that is; Primary and Secondary features.

1. PRIMARY FEATURES these are core attractiveness of a place and can also refer to us inherent
features. They include the following;

a) Climate this is the average weather condition of a place for a long period, they include:
rainy, sunny, and temperature.

b) Ecology they are the living thing and their environment and their include; wildlife and
natural heritage.

c) Culture this is way life of people it involves music dance, language and customs.

d) Architecture it includes the building designs and the structures, they attract tourism at a
particular area
e) Physical features these features are the mountains, lakes, landscape and the locks their
also attract the tourist place of destination.

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
2. SECONDARY FEATURES these are those developments that have been introduced
specifically for tourism managements and they include the following:

a) Hotel catering these are establishment that are build in order to facilitate the
provision of food and drinks to different tourist and other people that are in
adventure mood.

b) Support services are services like banks, insurance and any other services that
promote the growth of the country.

c) Transport transport is secondary features that facilitate the movement of people

from their usual areas to other destination places.

d) Entertainment also it contributes to the tourism destination since it assists in many

ways such that it can improve the creativity of people.

e) Health facilities these facilities help a lot in the hospitality sectors and it promotes
good health of the people.

1.0.1. FACTORS THAT AFFECT A TOURISTS CHOICE OF A DESTINATION

i) .Environment at destination

Tourist is in its best form when the destination boasts of conducive climate. In constrast, any
undesired changes in the environment such as as high wind, flash flood, drought and extreme
climate can affect tourism adversely. For example; during harsh summer months in India people
prefer to travel to colder climate regions like hills stations.

ii) Economy of the country

When a country is undergoing economic turbulence and when people are facing unemployment
issues, tourism is affected adversely. On the contrary when a country’s economy is doing well and
people van afford to spend money on leisure, tourism progresses.

C. Historical or cultural importance of destination

The destinations of travel affect the tourism business to a great extent. If the destination is of great
historical or cultural significance then tourists will certainly like to visit the place for seeing
monuments,castles,caves,sculptures and other like clothers,weapons and other allied heritage.

D. Technology

Tourist are enjoying the benefit of internet .while planning a tour, the tourist try to get the ideas
about the places that are going to visit, the quality of amenities and service, attraction at the

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
destination. After visiting a destination the experienced tourist share the information and opinions
on various platforms of the internet.

E Religious importance of destination

The places of religious importance or worship are always flooded with tourists. At these palaces,
tourism is at its peak at particular time in a year, the tourist often go on pilgrimage to find inner
peace and invoke blessing of the deities they worship and to cleanse their sins before death.

F. Research importance of destination

There are tourists who visit places with the objective of studies and exploration. Need for research
promotes tourism in meant ways before they reach the usual area.

1.1 DESCRIBE THE SOCIAL, CULTURE AND POLITICAL FEATURES THAT MAY
AFFECT A DESTINATION.

A. SOCIAL FEATURES

1. Language. People from different sides communicate differently with others, language can
affect a destination if the people can’t communicate with the same language that each of them can
understand. This can end up causing language barrier.

2. Education. Destination can be affected by the level of education of different people in the area;
those that have high education cannot be compared by the ones that have no skills at all.

3. Religion and beliefs. The beliefs of people may differ from others depending on want they
believe and what they don’t believe. For example Muslims and Christianity cannot match
depending on different things each group do, and what they believe in.

4. Level of poverty. Destination is affected mostly by the poverty of different class of people, for
instance those that are in upper class can’t be compared by the lower class when it comes to
destination factors.

5. Negative attributes. Are things that made tourist dissatisfy or point out that tourist overall
satisfaction is significantly conditional their satisfaction with the destination attributes.

B.POLITICAL FEATURES

a) Change in regulation. Government could alter their rules and regulations, this can affect the
destination and also business. If the government change the regulation this will affect of the
tourist since they cannot travel from their area without a recommendations from a certain
country.

b) Political instability. If a given area or a country experiences political instability this will
affect the destination of the different tourists in a given area. Government should ensure
that the country as a stability to be able to deal with others.

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
 c) Corruption level. If a certain area or a country experience corruption this will affect the
destination negatively, to make good destination of people there must be no corruption
exercised at any given area.

C. CULTURAL FEATURES

1. Music and dance. These cultural features may affect the destination positively or negatively, if a
given community practices all kind of entertainment it will be attracted by many people from
different location.

2. Food and drinks. It contributed to the growth of many local areas and they turn into a area of
destination, since the travels could use this places to take lunch, breakfast and enjoy any meal they
want.

3. Values and traditional lifestyles. These are the values of individual which may affect destination,
this mostly affect the tourist if they can’t cope with the lifestyle of an area of destination.
4. Art and craft. Most tourists may be affected by the craft of different place they visit and stay for
a long period of time. Other cultural feature can be;

1.2 DESCRIBE THE INFORMATION NEEDED TO AUDIT A DESTINATION

*Destination audits are the analyses of the current situation of tourism in a destination and
evaluate of the development, potential and identify the most useful short terms actions where tourist
is only in its initial development phase.

i. Terms as why he or she chooses to visit a particular place.

ii. Infrastructure development. When auditing a destination it is important to know whether the area
visited The area that they visit .The area where the visitor have visited must be audited in
order to know the specific places that their want to visit. And in case of any danger they
can be known where they are.

iii. Accommodation. Where the visitors visit is a very important audit since we have to know the type
of service provided to and how they are offered.
iv. Reason for visitation. The reasons why the visitor visit must be included in the auditing process and
include the roads are well done and if it can cater for the people visiting.
v. The revenue earned from tourist. During the audition we must be able to know the revenue earn
from the tourist and if that will affect or improve the country.

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
1.3: EXPLAIN THE USES AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE TOURISM AREA LIFE CYCLE
(TALC)

According to Noel Scoff tourism area life cycle is a theory of tourism region evolution designed to
assist destination managers and other in dealing with the understanding problems that seems to
almost inevitably arise with concentrated tourism development. It involves the following stages:
Exploration, Development, Stagnation and Rejuvenation.

USES
1 It is used in dealing of the understanding of problem that seems to inevitably arise with
concentrated tourism development.
2. It is used to provide information that has predictive value with respect to the tourist in a
particular area of destination.
3. It is used to provide information about the number of tourist that has visited an area.

SIGNIFICANCE
1. Exploration. At this stage there are few tourists visiting and interacting with the local people,
population is likely to be high. The visitors who do arrive are likely to be from the all centric end of
the typology scale and likely to make use of local infrastructure.

2. Development. Large number of tourist arrives, and increases interaction between local people
and tourist, they star interacting with the people and observing different places and features.

3. Stagnation. Peak numbers of tourists have been reached, the resort is no longer considered
favorably.

4. Rejuvenation. Attractiveness continues to decline, visitors are lost to other resort and
destination.

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
CONCLUSION
To sum up we have come up with the different types of destination and hoe each operate, we have also
know how they affect destination and how we can prove them.

We have also known more about the tourism area life cycle and how important it is. For an tourist to visit a
place some information are needed to make sure the audit as run well, for example accommodation, the
area that the guest visit and infrastructure development.

RECOMMEDATION

In destination analysis there has been legal or competitive changes that may present a new

opportunity to expand the tourist destinations or improve the competitive edge. This has lead to

development of road transport, creation of employment, building of more hotels leading to

introduction of more services. Due to this many tourists are attracted to our country thus leading to

earning of country foreign exchange. Also the destination analysis has lead many people to know

more about the country and they have kept the history of the country.

REFERENCE

Stevens, A and P coup (1970) the social, cultural, and political features that affect destination vol 10pp
422-437(assessed 28th June 2019)

Christopher Holloways, Claire Humphrey (1988) 10thed.the business of tourism united kingdom.

John Fletcher (1998) 5th ed.tourism principles of tourism united kingdom.

James Hingham,(2011) 1st ed.sport tourism destination. New York.

Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing
Veronica Njeri Karanja Adm no: CIH/DHM/1175s/2018 UNIT: Menu Planning and Costing