Biogas is a mixture of methane (60%) and carbon dioxide (40%)

Disposal and treatment of biological waste represent a major challenge for the w
aste industry. For a wide range of organic
substances from agriculture, foodstuff or feed industries, anaerobic fermentatio
n is a superior alternative to composting.
Biogas a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide is created during anaerobic ferme
ntation and serves as a high-energy,
renewable fuel that can be used as a substitute for fossil fuels. Biogas-fueled
gas engines improve waste management while
maximizing the use of an economical energy supply.
Biogas results from anaerobic fermentation of organic materials.
As a metabolic product of the participating methane bacteria, the
prerequisites for its production are a lack of oxygen,
At the start, the organic material is collected in a primary pit,
sterilized to remove harmful germs in case of food waste and
moved to the digester. The biogas produced in the digester is
collected in a gas storage tank to ensure a continuous supply of
gas, independent of fluctuations in the gas production. Finally, the
biogas is fed into a gas engine.
Alternative disposal of dung, liquid manure and biowaste while
simultaneously harnessing them as an energy source, a substitute
for conventional fuels
- High potential for reduction of greenhouse gases
- Highly efficient for combined on-site power and heat generation
- The remaining substrate from the digester can be used as highquality,
agricultural fertilizer,
Biogas (biomethane) purified to natural gas quality can be used without modifica
tion as a fuel in natural gas vehicles. Produced by anaerobic fermentation, biog
as is refined through the removal of carbon dioxide and other trace gases until
it corresponds to the quality of fossil natural gas. The biomethane can then be
fed into the natural gas grid or obtained at any natural gas filling station. On
ce it has been compressed to 250 bar, it can also be used directly as a fuel. A
biogas filling station can be located adjacent to a biogas plant equipped with t
he required processing system. In this way, vehicles powered by natural gas can
be supplied via an off-grid system. In 2008, the number of natural gas vehicles
worldwide stood around 9.9 million.
lower costs and better fuel efficiency. One other obvious advantage is lower ex
haust emissions

The Wartsila-Sulzer RTA96-C turbocharged 14 cylinder two-stroke diesel engine is

the
most powerful and most efficient prime-mover in the world today. The Aioi Works
of
Japan's Diesel United, Ltd built the first engines.
At maximum economy the engine exceeds 50% thermal efficiency. Even at its most
efficient power setting, the big 14 consumes 1,660 gallons of heavy fuel oil per
hour.

Each ship expects to operate 24hrs a day for about 280 days a year
16 tons of fuel per hour or 380 tons per day while at sea.

is an internal combustion engine which

produces power by the controlled burning of fuel. In both
the gas turbine and the motor car engine, air is compressed,
fuel is added and the mixture is ignited. The resulting hot gas
expands rapidly and is used to produce the power.
In the gas turbine, the burning is continuous and the
expanding gas is ejected from the engine
why use agas turbine engine instead of a diesel engine? It turns out that there
are two big advantages:
Gas turbine engines have a great power-to-weight ratio compared to reciprocating
engines. That is, the amount of power you get out of the engine compared to th
e weight of the engine itself is very good.
Gas turbine engines are also smaller than their reciprocating counterparts of th
e same power.
The main disadvantage of gas turbines is that, compared to a reciprocating engin
e of the same size, they are expensive. Because they spin at such high speeds an
d because of the high operating temperatures, designing and manufacturing gas tu
rbines is a tough problem from both the engineering and materials standpoint. Ga
s turbines also tend to use more fuel when they are idling and they prefer a con
stant load rather than a fluctuating load

Gas turbine engines are, theoretically, extremely simple. They have 3 parts:
A compressor to compress the incoming air to high pressure.
A combustion area to burn the fuel and produce high pressure, high velocity gas.
A turbine to extract the energy from the high pressure, high velocity gas flowin
g from the combustion chamber.

A typical diesel engine of a tanker weighing at 2300 tonnes will be putting out
upto 90MW, ......... , with the use of the engines rolls royce produced, we woul
d only need two 40MW gas engines, these are generally used on naval ships. These
are more compact and will weigh just over 6 tonnes.

www.biogas-info.co.uk/