Coordinates: 41°33′01″N 72°05′15″W

Norwich, Connecticut
Norwich, called "The Rose of New England", is a city in New
London County, Connecticut. The Yantic, Shetucket, and Norwich
Quinebaug Rivers flow into the city and form its harbor, from City
which the Thames River flows south to Long Island Sound. The
population was 40,493 at the 2010 United States Census.

Contents
History
Geography
Climate
Neighborhoods
A view of the Norwich City Hall
Demographics
Sports
Parks and recreation
Mohegan Park
Ice rink
Museum Seal
Gallery Nickname(s): The Rose Of New England
Government
Education
Infrastructure
Transportation
Notable people
See also
Location in New London County, Connecticut
References Coordinates: 41°33′01″N 72°05′15″W
External links Country United States
State Connecticut
County New London
History Metropolitan area New London
Settled 1659
Incorporated (city) 1784
Consolidated 1952
Government
• Type Council-manager
• City council Peter A. Nystrom (R),
Mayor
William Nash (R)
The harbor, 1906 Mark M Bettencourt (D),
Council president pro
tem
The town of Norwich was founded on the site of what is now Joseph A. DeLucia (D)
Norwichtown in 1659 by settlers from Saybrook Colony led by Ella Myles (D)
Major John Mason and James Fitch.[5] They purchased the land Darell Q. Willson (D)
"nine miles square" that became Norwich from Mohegan Stacy Gould (R)
Sachem Uncas.[6] One of the co-founders of Norwich was [1]

Thomas Leffingwell who rescued Uncas when surrounded by his • City manager John Salomone
Narragansett enemies, and whose son established the Leffingwell Area[2]
Inn.[7] In 1668, a wharf was established at Yantic Cove. • City 29.41 sq mi (76.16 km2 )
Settlement was primarily in the three-mile (4.8 km) area around • Land 28.06 sq mi (72.68 km2 )
the Norwichtown Green. The 69 founding families soon divided
• Water 1.34 sq mi (3.48 km2 )
up the land in the Norwichtown vicinity for farms and
• Urban 123.1 sq mi (318.7 km2 )
businesses.
Elevation 56 ft (17 m)
By 1694, the public landing built at the head of the Thames River Population (2010)[3]
allowed ships to unload goods at the harbor; the harbor area is
• City 40,493
known as the Chelsea neighborhood. The distance from the port
• Estimate (2019)[4] 38,768
to Norwichtown was served by the East and West Roads which
• Density 1,381.51/sq mi
became Washington Street and Broadway. The original center of
(533.41/km2 )
the town was a neighborhood now called Norwichtown, an
• Metro 274,055
inland location chosen to be the center of a primarily agricultural
farming community. By the late 18th century, shipping at the Time zone UTC−5 (Eastern)
harbor became far more important than farming, especially when • Summer (DST) UTC−4 (Eastern)
industrial mills began manufacturing on the three smaller rivers. ZIP code 06360, 06365, 06380
By the early 19th century, the center of Norwich had effectively Area code(s) 860
moved to the Chelsea neighborhood. The official buildings of the
FIPS code 09-56200
city were located in the harbor area, such as the city hall, courts,
GNIS feature ID 0209410
and post office, and all the large 19th-century urban blocks. The
Major highways
former center is now called Norwichtown to distinguish it from
the current city. Website http://www.norwichct.org/

Norwich merchants were shipping goods directly from England,

but the Stamp Act of 1764 forced Norwich to become more self-sufficient. Large mills and factories sprang up at the
falls on the rivers which traverse the town, the largest of which was the Ponemah Mill in the Taftville neighborhood.
The ship captains of Norwich and New London were skillful at avoiding Imperial taxation during peacetime and were
later just as successful eluding warships during the American Revolution. Norwich supported the cause for
independence by supplying soldiers, ships, and munitions, and it was also a center of activity for the Sons of Liberty.

The Oxford English Dictionary attests the first recorded use of the word "Hello" to The Norwich Courier on October
18, 1826.[8] Regular steamship service between New York and Boston helped Norwich to prosper as a shipping center
through the early part of the 19th century. During the Civil War, Norwich once again rallied and saw the growth of its
textile, armaments, and specialty item manufacturing. This was also spurred by the building of the Norwich and
Worcester Railroad in 1832–1837, bringing goods and people in and out of Norwich. By the 1870s, the Springfield and
New London Railroad was also running trains through Norwich.

In 1892, the city's first electric trolleys started service to the area and to some cities, including New London,
Willimantic, Putnam, and Westerly, Rhode Island.[9] The town and city of Norwich were consolidated in 1952.[10]

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 29.5 square miles (76.4 km2 ), of which
28.3 sq mi (73.4 km2 ) is land and 1.2 sq mi (3.0 km2 ) (3.87%) is water.

Climate
 Climate data for Groton–New London Airport (GON) (1981–2010), snow data from Norwich, Connecticut (1981–2010).

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year

Record high 65 67 78 88 91 95 101 99 93 83 75 69 101

°F (°C) (18) (19) (26) (31) (33) (35) (38) (37) (34) (28) (24) (21) (38)

Average 37.5 40 46.5 55.4 64.5 73.3 78.2 78.4 72.3 61.5 53 42.4 58.6
high °F (°C) (3.1) (4) (8.1) (13.0) (18.1) (22.9) (25.7) (25.8) (22.4) (16.4) (12) (5.8) (14.8)

Daily mean 29.5 32 37.8 47 56 65.4 70.6 70.4 63.7 52.7 44.5 34.7 50.4
°F (°C) (−1.4) (0) (3.2) (8) (13) (18.6) (21.4) (21.3) (17.6) (11.5) (6.9) (1.5) (10.1)

Average low 21.6 23.9 29.1 38.7 47.6 57.6 62.9 62.3 55.1 43.9 35.9 27 42.1
°F (°C) (−5.8) (−4.5) (−1.6) (3.7) (8.7) (14.2) (17.2) (16.8) (12.8) (6.6) (2.2) (−3) (5.6)

Record low −14 −12 0 14 30 38 47 41 29 22 8 −10 −14

°F (°C) (−26) (−24) (−18) (−10) (−1) (3) (8) (5) (−2) (−6) (−13) (−23) (−26)

Average
3.27 2.86 4.16 4.41 3.85 4.11 3.77 4.16 4 3.86 4.31 3.73 46.49
precipitation
(83) (73) (106) (112) (98) (104) (96) (106) (100) (98) (109) (95) (1,180)
inches (mm)

Average
8.8 8.0 3.6 0.8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 6.6 28
snowfall
(22) (20) (9.1) (2.0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) (0.51) (17) (70.61)
inches (cm)

Average
precipitation 6 5 6 7 8 8 6 6 6 7 7 7 79
days (≥ 0.05)

Average
snowy days 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 10
(≥ 0.05)

Source: [11][12]

Neighborhoods

Several Norwich neighborhoods maintain independent identities and are recognized by official signs marking their
boundaries. Neighborhoods of Norwich are Norwichtown, Bean Hill, Yantic, Taftville, Greeneville, Occum, East Great
Plains, Thamesville, Laurel Hill and Chelsea (the original "downtown" area.)

Demographics
As of the census[17] of 2000, there were 36,117 people, 15,091 households, and Historical population
9,069 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,274.7 people Year Pop. ±%
per square mile (492.2/km2 ). There were 16,600 housing units at an average 1756 5,540 —
density of 585.9 per square mile (226.2/km2 ). 1774 7,327 +32.3%
1782 7,325 −0.0%
Twenty-nine percent of households had children under the age of 18 living with
1800 3,476 −52.5%
them, 40.7% were married couples living together, 15.0% had a female
1810 2,976 −14.4%
householder with no husband present, and 39.9% were non-families. Thirty-two
percent of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone 1820 2,983 +0.2%
living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1830 3,135 +5.1%
2.34 and the average family size was 2.96. 1840 4,200 +34.0%
1850 6,139 +46.2%
In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 24.1% under the age of 1860 14,048 +128.8%
18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% 1870 16,653 +18.5%
who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 1880 15,112 −9.3%
1890 16,156 +6.9%
females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there 1900 17,251 +6.8%
were 87.3 males. 1910 20,367 +18.1%
1920 22,304 +9.5%
In 2012, the population had risen to 40,502 and the racial makeup of the city 1930 23,021 +3.2%
was 70% White, 13% Hispanic or Latino, 10% Black or African American, 8% 1940 23,652 +2.7%
Asian, and 1% Native American. A significant influx of Chinese Americans has 1950 23,429 −0.9%
settled in Norwich since 2010.
1960 38,506 +64.4%
The 2012 median income for a household in the city was $51,300. Fifteen 1970 41,739 +8.4%
percent of the population were below the poverty line. 1980 38,074 −8.8%
1990 37,391 −1.8%
2000 36,117 −3.4%
Sports 2010 40,493 +12.1%
2019 38,768 −4.3%
The AA Eastern League Connecticut Defenders, previously the Norwich [13][14][15][4][16]
Population 1756–2010
Navigators, were a farm team of the San Francisco Giants and they played at
Senator Thomas J. Dodd Memorial Stadium from both's inception in 1995 until
the team announced its move to Richmond, Virginia for the 2010 season, where they are now known as the Richmond
Flying Squirrels. However, starting in 2010, Dodd Stadium became the home to the Connecticut Tigers (formerly the
Oneonta Tigers, now named Norwich Sea Unicorns) in the Class-A short-season New York–Penn League. The ESPN
mini-series The Bronx Is Burning was filmed at Dodd Stadium.

Parks and recreation

Mohegan Park

This forested area is Norwich's largest park. The park's property contains
numerous hiking and biking trails, picnic tables, grills, pavilions for rent, a
beach, basketball courts, a Mohegan monument, fountain and playgrounds.
The Rose Garden at the entrance on Judd Road contains over a hundred
varieties of roses and is a popular site for weddings. Many of the hiking trails
are used by the Norwich Free Academy cross country team for practices, and
in 2006 the team volunteered to improve the condition of trails. 5K "fun runs"
are held in the park on Thursdays during the summer. As of 2009, the running Pavilion and lake, 1912
course has been redesigned to incorporate much of the trails.

The Park Center contains Spaulding Pond, the square, fountain, and Mohegan
monument, both playgrounds and a dog pound run by the Norwich Police Department. The Park Center has declined
somewhat. The zoo, reptile house, and concession stand have been closed for over a decade. However, much has been
done to improve the appearance of the remaining park.

Spaulding Pond, the main body of water in Mohegan Park, is held back by an earthworks dam, across which is a path
bordered by pergolas and flowering plants. On March 6, 1963, long-term saturation of the over-100-year-old earthen
content, along with unchecked shrub and tree growth, severely weakened the structural content of the dam and caused
the waters of Spaulding Pond to burst forth into the city, causing the Great Flood of Norwich, elegantly chronicled in
the 2013 book A Swift and Deadly Maelstrom; The Great Norwich Flood of 1963. The break and subsequent flood
flow pulverized houses with its large ice content, over-ran streets and cars while destroying the eastern half of the
Turner-Stanton Mill, situated in the flood's direct path on Centennial Square. It was there that the building collapsed,
claiming the lives of six of the seven total who would die that night while causing over six million dollars in damage.
Mohegan Park also contains another, smaller pond, called The Skating Pond which is southeast of the main pond. This
pond, which had always been designed as an overflow spillway for Spaulding Pond and, when frozen in the winter
provided a wonderful ice skating area for the local youth, thus its sobriquet, was re-designed as part of Norwich's long-
term flood plan in 1968 and currently still serves as a surge overflow volume for the upgraded Spaulding Pond Dam,
although it is no longer open for public use.[18]
Because of its ample, sprawling trails and variety of flora and fauna, Mohegan Park is a lesser-known destination for
southeastern Connecticut's nature photographers.

Ice rink

The Norwich Municipal Ice Rink has a 200' × 85' National Hockey League regulation ice surface, four large locker
rooms and other amenities. Established in 1995, the Rose City Warriors are Norwich's Senior Women's Ice Hockey
Team and a number of local high school ice hockey teams call the Rink home as well.

Museum

The Slater Memorial Museum, located on the campus of the Norwich Free Academy, is named for John Fox Slater
(1815−1884), corporator of The Norwich Free Academy for twenty years. The museum has grown to include the "Art
of Five Continents"—North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Of particular interest are the Vanderpoel
Collection of Asian Art, the Paul Zimmerman Collection of African and Oceanic Art, and a collection of 19th-century
American paintings. Another wing of the museum displays souvenirs from the Slater family's circumnavigation of the
globe.

Gallery

Norwich Falls, oil on Union Square, 1908 Spaulding Pond, looking

canvas, John north, circa 1909
Trumbull, 1806

Downtown, circa 1910 Pavilion at entrance to Mohegan Heritage Chief

park, circa 1911 Sculpture Tantaquidgeon's
personal Totem,
commemorated on a
plaque
 Norwich, Connecticut at
night 2018

Norwich skyline

Government
The city elects a Mayor, who presides over the City Council, which includes six other members, all elected at large. The
Mayor serves a maximum of two four-year terms; the council members serve two-year terms. The council appoints the
Town and City Clerk, a City Manager who acts as chief executive officer of the city government, the city Planning
Commission, and Zoning Board of Appeals.[19]

Education
Elementary and middle school residents are zoned to Norwich Public Schools.[20] The middle schools of Norwich are
Teachers' Memorial Middle School and Kelly Middle School. Norwich is also home to the Integrated Day Charter
School, an alternative to the area of public schools.

The Norwich Free Academy is the primary high school for students living in Norwich and several surrounding towns,
including Bozrah, Canterbury, Franklin, Lisbon, Preston, Sprague, and Voluntown. The Norwich Free Academy was
incorporated in 1855 by an act of the Connecticut Legislature, and operates as a privately endowed independent school
governed by its Board of Trustees and funded by private, municipal, and state sources. In 2006, Sidney Frank donated
$12 million to the Norwich Free Academy[21] which resulted in the campus's newest building being named after him:
the Sidney E. Frank Center for Visual and Performing Arts.

Norwich Technical High School, A Connecticut Technical High School System School, also serves the area. This
school is a public option to those within the Norwich area, and many other towns surrounding Norwich. To those
within the Norwich area, transportation is provided by Norwich Public Schools via the same buses that serve Norwich
Free Academy in the morning, and in the afternoon students are transported to Norwich Free Academy to use their
buses to return home.

Three Rivers Community College also serves the region.[22]

Infrastructure
Transportation

Public Transportation in Norwich is provided by Southeast Area Transit,

or SEAT, the main depot is located on Holly Hock Island next to the
downtown area. The city was formerly served by various railroads in the
past.

Commuters boarding buses at the Norwich

Transportation Center.

Notable people
Richard Albertine (1944—2016), photographer, born in Norwich[23]
Christopher Anvil (1925—2009), science fiction author[24]
Benedict Arnold (1741–1801), born in Norwich, American Revolutionary War general and later British
defector; a commemorative plaque is on the lot where his house used to stand; city library has a
prominent portrait of Arnold on its north wall[25]
Hannah Arnold (1708–1758), born in Norwich, mother of Benedict Arnold
Isaac Backus (1724–1806), a delegate to the First Continental Congress, born in the city
Isaac H. Bromley (1833–1899), born in Norwich; lawyer, editor, politician, railroad director, and humorist
Allyn L. Brown (1883-1973), Chief Justice of the Connecticut Supreme Court (1950-1953), was born in
the city and graduated Norwich Free Academy
William Alfred Buckingham (1804–1875), Mayor of Norwich, 41st governor of Connecticut, and United
States Senator
Oliver A. Caswell, Wisconsin politician, born in the city
Asa Child (1798–1858), United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut under President Jackson
Calvin G. Child (1834–1880), United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, and a Norwich City
Judge
Benjamin Church (1734–1776), surgeon general of the Continental Army, suspected of spying for the
British, was confined in the city
Elisha Clark (1752—1838), American Revolutionary War veteran[26]
Richard Falley Cleveland (1804–1853), born and raised in Norwich, Christian minister known as the
father of President Grover Cleveland
Margaret Coit (1919–2003), historian, born in the city
Erastus Corning (1794–1872), businessman and politician, born in the city
Rajai Davis (1980–), Major League Baseball outfielder
Roger Wilson Dennis (1902–1996), American plein air impressionist painter and art conservator
Costa Dillon (1953–) filmmaker, creator of Attack of the Killer Tomatoes.
Thomas J. Dodd (1907–1971), U.S. Senator and Representative; father of U.S. Senator Christopher J.
Dodd, was born in the city
Arielle Dombasle (born Arielle Sonnery de Fromental in 1958 in Norwich), singer and actress working
mostly in French films
Terence P. Finnegan (1904–1990), Chief of Chaplains of the U.S. Air Force
Lafayette S. Foster (1806–1880), U.S. Senator and 57th President Pro Tempore of the United States
Senate; died in the city
Jonas Galusha (1753–1834), Governor of Vermont for two terms in the early 19th century; born in the
city[27]
Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935), author and social reformer, lived for a short time in the city
Daniel Coit Gilman (1831–1908), educator, college president, foundation president
Calvin Goddard (1768–1842), former mayor of Norwich, Judge, and Senator
Roger Griswold (1762–1812), Governor of Connecticut, practiced law for a time in Norwich
Galusha A. Grow (1822–1907), speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1861 to 1863,
studied law in the city
Benjamin Hanks (1755–1824), goldsmith, instrument maker, first maker of bronze cannons and church
bells in America
Benjamin Huntington (1736–1800), delegate to the Continental Congress and later a Congressman,
resident of the city
Ebenezer Huntington (1754–1834), member of the United States House of Representatives, 1817–
1819
Samuel Huntington (1731–1796), delegate to the Second Continental Congress and signer of the
Declaration of Independence; first President of the United States, under the Articles of Confederation
Samuel Kirkland (1741–1808), Presbyterian missionary among the Oneida and Tuscarora people;
founder (in 1793) of the Hamilton-Oneida Academy (later Hamilton College), was born in the city
Paul Konerko (1976–), Major League Baseball player
Wally Lamb (1950–), author of She's Come Undone and I Know This Much Is True; director of the
Writing Center at the Norwich Free Academy in the city from 1989 to 1998
Edwin H. Land (1909–1991), inventor of the Polaroid camera
James Lanman (1767-1841), United States Senator (1819-1825)[28]
Cato Mead (ca. 1761–1846), African-American Revolutionary War veteran
Miantonomoh (1565?–1643), chief of the Narraganset tribe, captured and executed by the Mohegan
chief Uncas with a tomahawk in Norwich
Elisha Perkins (1741–1799), popular quack doctor whose magnetic therapy "Perkins Tractors" (made
up of two 3-inch (76 mm) steel and brass rods with points at the ends) convinced even George
Washington to buy a set
Simeon Perkins (1735–1812), Nova Scotia merchant, diarist, and politician; outfitted Loyalist privateers
during the American War for Independence; born and raised in this city until moving to Liverpool, Nova
Scotia with the New England Planters
Bela Pratt, sculptor, born in Norwich in 1867
E. Annie Proulx, journalist and author; born in 1935 in the city
Edith Roosevelt (1861–1948), second wife of Theodore Roosevelt, born in the city
Ellis Ruley (1882-1959), African-American folk artist
William Albert Setchell (1864–1943), botanist and UC Berkeley professor, born in the city
Matt Shaughnessy (1986-), football defensive end for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football
League, graduate of Norwich Free Academy
Charles Sholes (1816–1867), Wisconsin politician, born in the city
Lydia Sigourney (1791–1865), extremely popular poet from the early-to-mid-19th century, born in the
city
John Fox Slater (1815–1884), industrialist and philanthropist, founder of million-dollar Slater Fund for
the Education of the Southern Freedmen in 1882
Horace Smith (1808–1893), partnered with Daniel B. Wesson in Norwich in the early 1850s to develop
the first repeating rifle, known as the Volcanic rifle; the two founded Smith & Wesson in 1852
Sarah Lanman Smith (1802–1836), American Christian missionary, memoirist, school founder
Albert H. Tracy (1793–1859), former US Congressman
Phineas L. Tracy (1786–1876), former US Congressman
John T. Wait (1811–1899), Connecticut politician and lawyer, U.S. Representative from 1876 to 1887
Henry S. Walbridge (1801–1869), former US Congressman
Daniel B. Wesson (1825–1906), firearm designer; see Horace Smith
 William Woodbridge (1780–1861), Governor of Michigan, also represented the state in the U.S. Senate,
was born in the city

See also
Norwich

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December 9, 2009. Retrieved June 11, 2019.
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26. Lineage Book (https://archive.org/details/lineagebookvolu00revogoog/page/n151), published by
Daughters of the American Revolution, 1901, Volume 13, page 125
27. White, Pliny H. (October 16, 1866). Jonas Galusha, fifth governor of Vermont: A Memoir (https://archive.
org/stream/jonasgalushafift00whit). E.P. Walton. p. 2.
28. "United States Senators from Connecticut since 1789" (https://portal.ct.gov/SOTS/Register-Manual/Sect
ionI/US-Senators-US-Representatives-In-Congress). CT.gov. Retrieved June 11, 2019.

External links
Official website (http://www.norwichct.org/)
Norwich Community Development Corporation (http://www.askncdc.com/)
A Brief History of Norwich (http://www.norwichct.org/index.aspx?nid=101)
The Christopher Leffingwell House Museum (http://www.leffingwellhousemuseum.org/)
Mystic Country: The Eastern Regional Tourism District (https://web.archive.org/web/20060913151859/h
ttp://www.tourism.state.ct.us/tourism_regions/default.asp?region=mysticcountry)
WTNH News Article (http://www.wtnh.com/Global/story.asp?S=7993835) Article on Removal of the
sign.
"Norwich, a town and city, and one of the county seats of New London co., Connecticut" (https://en.wiki
source.org/wiki/The_American_Cyclop%C3%A6dia_(1879)/Norwich_(Connecticut)). The American
Cyclopædia. 1879.

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This page was last edited on 13 November 2020, at 16:41 (UTC).

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