1 - 5G Radio Network Key Technologies and Deployment

5G Radio Network Key Technologies and
Evolution Deployment
www.huawei.com
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Foreword
 The 5G vision requires for better network capabilities, especially the

capabilities of radio network and air interface are the most important
factors for achieving goals
 What are the requirements on wireless network?
 What are key technologies of wireless network?
 How to deploy and implement?
 We will discuss with you today
Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
Objective
 After completing this course, you will be able to:
 Understand key index of new 5G air interfaces
 Have a good command of key technologies of 5G new air interfaces
 Have general understanding of 5G network architecture
 Have general knowledge of 5G wireless network evolution
 Have general knowledge of 5G site solutions and deployment scenarios
Content
1. 5G NR Key Technologies
2. 5G Network Structure and Wireless Cloudification Solution
3. 5G Site Solution and Deployment
Content
1.1 5G NR Key Performance
1.2 5G Spectrum and deployment Strategy
1.3 NR Key Technologies
1.4 NR Massive MIMO
5G Standard Evolution
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2018Q1
OTSA* Pre-
launch
US Verizon forms 5G Open Trial
Specification Alliance with KT
Non-standard OTSA impose the risk of damaging 5G universal

standard & separating industry chain
3GPP RAN Rel-14 Rel-15 Rel-16
IMT-
Planned Progress 5G Phase 1 5G Phase 2
2020
Acceleration of Protocol Non-
Standalone NR Launch
Standardization Standalone
NR eMBB eMBB+uRLLc+mMTC
NR eMBB
5G Performance Target - In 3 Scenarios
Peak rate User experience rate
User experience rate DL: 20Gbps DL: 100Mbps
Peak rate UL: 10Gbps UL: 50Mbps
5G NR
eMBB Spectum efficiency Traffic Density Spectral efficiency

Traffic 10Mbps/m2 3X
LTE-A
Density
Network energy
efficiency Mobility
Network energy 100X(ITU) (500km/h)
Mobility
efficiency mMTC uRLLC Connection number
density Latency
1M devices/km2 Control Plane: 10ms
Connection Latency User Plane eMBB: 4ms
number density User Plane uRLLC: 0.5ms
 The 5G network will provide：
 20 times the LTE cell capacity
 10 times user experience rate
 ms level air interface delay
Content
1.4 NR Massive MIMO
5G Spectrum- Sub 6G & mmWave
Sub6G mmWave
Mainly on 3.5GHz Mainly on 28/39/60/73GHz
Visible
light
1 2 3 4 5 6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
GHz
Main Spectrum for 5G Extended Spectrum for 5G
 3GPP Define: Frequency Range (FR)：
 FR1: Sub6G ，include：sub 3G and C-band.
 FR2: mm（mili meter） Wave，5G extended spectrum resources
FR1 Frequency Bands (3GPP 38.104)
NR NR
frequency Uplink Downlink Duplex frequency Frequency range Duplex
band band
n1 1920-1980MHz 2110-2170MHz FDD n75 1432-1517MHz SDL
n2 1850-1910MHz 1930-1990MHz FDD n76 1427-1432MHz SDL
n3 1710-1785MHz 1805-1880MHz FDD n77 3.3-4.2GHz TDD
n8 880-915MHz 925-960MHz FDD n80 1710-1785MHz SUL
n38 2570-2620MHz 2570-2620MHz TDD n83 703-748MHz SUL
n41 2496-2690MHz 2496-2690MHz TDD n84 1920-1980MHz SUL
n50 1432-1517MHz 1432-1517MHz TDD
n51 1427-1432MHz 1427-1432MHz TDD
n66 1710-1780MHz 2110-2200MHz FDD
n70 1695-1710MHz 1995-2020MHz FDD
n71 663-698MHz 617-652MHz FDD
n74 1427-1470MHz 1475-1518MHz FDD
FR2 Frequency Bands(3GPP 38.104)
NR Frequency range Duplex

frequency mode
band
n257 26500 MHz – 29500 MHz TDD
n258 24250 MHz – 27500 MHz TDD
n260 37000 MHz – 40000 MHz TDD
 In Rel 15, only three frequency bands are defined in the mmWave. All the frequency bands
are TDD, and the maximum cell bandwidth is 400MHz.
5G Cell Bandwidth
FR1 FR2
50M
5M
10M 100M
15M
150M
20M
25M 200M
30M
400M
40M
50M
60M
80M
90M
100M
 Large bandwidth is applied in 5G cell
Note: The bandwidth below 20 MHz is defined to meet the requirements of existing spectrum evolution
Relation Between Subcarrier Bandwidth and Cell Bandwidth
15MH 20 25 30 40 50MH 60 80 100
SCS 5MHz 10MHz
z MHz MHz MHz MHz z MHz MHz MHz
(kHz)
FR1 NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB NRB
15 25 52 79 106 133 160 216 270 N/A N/A N/A
30 11 24 38 51 65 78 106 133 162 217 273
60 N/A 11 18 24 31 38 51 65 79 107 135
50MHz 100MHz 200MHz 400 MHz

SCS (kHz)
FR2 NRB NRB NRB NRB
60 66 132 264 N/A
120 32 66 132 264
 Due to the limitation of the specification, the 100 MHz bandwidth must be achieved on the
FR1 frequency band only when the subcarrier bandwidth is greater than 15KHz. The
400MHz frequency band must be higher than the 60KHz subcarrier bandwidth
Global 5G Spectrum Allocation
Sub6GHz 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0
GHz
Europe
USA
China
Japan
South Korea
G30 G40
mmWave
20 40 45 GHz
30
EU RSPG 3.25 GHz 1.6 GHz 3 GHz
FCC in the United States 0.85GHz 3 GHz
MIIT 2.75 GHz 5.5 GHz
Japan MIC 2 GHz Confirmed WRC-19 candidate, preferred spectrum for mobile services
Confirming WRC-19 candidate, preferred spectrum for non-mobile services
South Korea MSIP 3 GHz
To be confirmed Outside the WRC-19 AI1.13 framework
 C-band (3.4GHz – 4.9GHz) can provide at least 200 MHz global bandwidth
Target for the Deployment
Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural
mmWave(TDD) Capacity Above 6G

supplement/Backhaul
C-Band (TDD)
Basic coverage and
capacity layer
2.6GHz (T+F)
1.8GHz / 2.1GHz (FDD+SUL) Wide coverage layer Sub6G

Sub3G
1400MHz (SDL)
700MHz/800MHz/900MHz (FDD)
DL Performance: C Band Vs Sub 3G
Average DL throughput Throughput @ cell edge
(Mbps) DL Ave. Cell Throughput Throughput C-Band NLOS Outdoor Drive Test
10000
(Mbps) (64T64R@100MHz)
1600
... 1367Mbps 1400

1.8GHz
1200
(20M) 403Mbps
~25X 2T2R 1000 @500m
100
800
3.5GHz
54.7Mbps (100M) 600
64T64R
400
200
1
0
0% 50% 90% 99% 100% Probability 0 100 200 300 400 500
Distance(meter)
C-Band UL Vs DL
Low throughput on Uplink
due to limited coverage
(Mbps)
1600 THPT VS Distance DL THPT（Mbps）
UL THPT（Mbps）
1400
1200
DL : UL
1000 >51X Gap
THPT
800
600
400
200
0
0 100 200 300 400 500
Distance(m)
Challenges of mmWave Deployment
160 70
150
Path loss Penetration loss
60
140
Coated glass
130 Gap:18dB 50
120
40
110
Gap:11d
100 Gap:18dB 30
B
90 Standard multi-layer glass
20
80
Gap:5dB
70 10
60
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
500
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
3.5GHz LOS 28GHz LOS 3.5GHz NLOS 28GHz NLOS High loss Low loss Frequency (GHz)
NLOS path loss path loss Penetration 3.5GHz 28GHz

(Distance) 3.5GHz(dB) 28GHz(dB) loss
100m 103 121 Standard 13 18
300m 121 139 glass
500m 130 148 Coated glass 27 38
5G Spectrum Deployment Strategy
Frequency Advantages Weaknesses Deployment Policy

Range
Sub Low frequency frequency resources basic coverage layer of the 5G network
3G Good coverage are limited For refarming or with Cloudair
solution, can be used in the future
FR1
C- Abundant Imbalance of 100 MHz bandwidth could be Applied
Band resources Uplink/Downlink for 5G
coverage Imbalance can be resolved UL/DL
decoupling
FR2 Abundant Poor coverage The initial deployment is not the main
resources RF component choice.
Challenge It mainly serves as a supplement or for
wireless backhaul
mmWave Application – Hotspot & Self Backhaul
Hotspot eMBB Wireless backhaul
1 3
• Indoor and outdoor hotspots LOS • Integrates 5G access and backhaul
• Dual connection with C-Band functions and performs dynamic scheduling
• Site deployment is more convenient
WTTx access through self-backhaul
2 • The CPE can be installed outdoors or
indoors
Millimeter Millimeter Millimeter

wave wave wave
Self-backhaul
LOS
Diffraction LOS
Glass penetration
LOS Reflection
Content
1.4 NR Massive MIMO
NR Technologies Overview
NR Air Interface
New multiple access Spectral efficiency
technologies Flexible resource improvement
Other
multiple New Native
F-OFDM Numerology Flexible slot channel Modulation massive
access (Not
freezon) coding MIMO
Filter Orthogonal Frequency Division: F-OFDM
10% guard band 2%~5% guard

band
 The 5G air interface d introduces a better filtering technology to reduce the guard
bandwidth requirement and improve the frequency utilization
Frequency utilization(FR1)
Subcarrier System
(Sub6G is used as anbandwidth
example)
spacing 15MHz 20MHz 40MHz 60MHz 80MHz 100MHz
(kHz)
15 94.8% 95.4%
30 91.8% 95.4% 97.2% 97.65% 98.28%
60 97.2%
Multiple Access Technologies
DL：CP-OFDM
OFDMA
UL：CP-
OFDM/DFT-S-
OFDM
Multiple access
technologies NOMA
SCMA
Others（potential）
PDMA
MUSA
Flexible Air Interface -Numerology
Structure of a subframe (1ms)
15k TTI=1ms
(TTI=1ms) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 … 13
30k TTI=0.5ms TTI

(TTI=0.5ms) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 …
TTI=0.25ms TTI=0.25ms …
60K
（TTI=0.25ms）
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 …
0.5ms 0.5ms
Parameter μ SCS
 Slot is the scheduling cycle, that is the TTI
0 15kHz
 Numerology: SCS (SubCarrier Spacing, bandwidth), and 1 30kHz
2 60kHz
corresponding symbol length varies based on “μ” 3 120kHz
4 240kHz
NR Frame Structure
 Frame structure ：SCS=30kHz&120kHz
 Frame length: 10ms
1radio frame = 10ms = 10subframe =
 Frame number: 0~1023 20slots
SCS = 30kHz
 Subframe length：1ms 1subframe = 1ms = 2slots
 Subframe number: 0~9

1slot = 0.5ms = 14symbols
 Slot length: 14 symbols (the exact
length is not fixed) 1radio frame = 10ms = 10subframe =
Slot configuration(Normal CP) 80slots
SCS
Symbols Slots/Subframe Slots
(kHz)
SCS = 120kHz
/Slot /Frame
15 14 1 10 1subframe = 1ms = 8slots
30 14 2 20
60 14 4 40
120 14 8 80 1slot = 0.125ms = 14symbols
240 14 16 160
Slot Structure
 5G defines following structures:  5G Slot design features:
 Type1: All symbols are downlink  Flexible : Symbol level DL&UL
 Type2: All symbols are uplink resource assignment
 Type3: All symbols are flexible  Variety: More slot configuration to

meet variable scenarios
 Type4: Mixed slot, which contain at
least one DL symbol and one uplink  Slot based TTI:
symbol, others can be flexible  5G adopts each slot as a scheduling

D U X TTI, which can reduce the
Type1: DL-only slot Type2: UL-only slot Type3: Flexible-only slot
scheduling latency
D X X U
Type4-1 Type4-2
D XU DX U D XU D XU
Type4-3 Type4-4 Type4-5
Self-contained Slot
Downlink HARQ Feedback Uplink Data

Scheduling and Data Uplink Scheduling
Transmission
Transmission
D U D U
ACK/NACK
 In NR, there are two special slot structures, which are called self-contained timeslots. The
purpose of the design is to shorten the RTT delay of uplink and downlink data transmission,
including the two scenarios
Higher Spectral Efficiency- Modulation
LTE 5G  5G is compatible with

64QAM 256QAM
QPSK QPSK
the LTE modulation
16QAM 16QAM mode and introduces
Uplink 64QAM 64QAM
256QAM higher modulation
 In the current version,
QPSK QPSK the maximum

16QAM 16QAM
64QAM modulation efficiency
64QAM
256QAM
Downlink 256QAM 256QAM
is 256QAM. In later
256
64QAM 1024QAM (not
16QAM
defined in the R15 ) versions, 1024QAM
QPSK
will be introduced to
further improve
spectrum efficiency
Candidate Modulation Scheme – FQAM
 FQAM： Frequency Quadrature-amplitude Modulation
Candidate Modulation Scheme – Spatial Modulation
 Spatial Modulation:
 As massive MIMO is deployed, so the information bits can be carried by the spatial
pattern based on different physical antenna location
…10001010100…
SM mapper
01
TX1
TX2
Transmitter
Higher Spectral Efficiency- Channel Coding
 The concerns of Channel Coding selection:
 Performance: Error Correction Capability and Coding Rate
 Efficiency: Complexity and Power Consumption
 Flexibility: Length of Coder, Support of IR-HARQ…
 Turbo Code: Turbo LDPC Polar

 Good performance， but low efficiency for high speed Low speed
Performance
 LDPC (Low Density Parity Check Code) for eMBB Data Channel Low speed
Efficiency
High speed
 Low Complexity， Good for high speed（parallel processing），Performance
High speed
 Polar Code for Control Channel  For mMTC and uRLLC, Efficiency
channel coding is not yet

 Good Performance for small data block
determined
Content
1.4 NR Massive MIMO
Massive MIMO Beamforming
 Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO): Multi-antenna arrays of large-scale

antenna arrays to improve coverage and system capacity.
NR Massive MIMO Gain - Broadcast Beamforming
 Traffic channel:  Broadcast channel:
 High-gain narrow beam  High-gain narrow

beam
 Dynamic adjustment of the
Beam scanning with
beamforming direction

predefined directions
 UE performs beam
scan to get the best
broadcast beam
 The gNodeB uses multiple antennas to receive the PUSCH data, improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and stability of received
signals
Massive MIMO Gain - Multi-User MIMO
 The eNodeB selects multiple UEs for scheduling and uses Multiple antennas to
transmit/receive multi-stream data to/from difference UEs
 Different users receive/transmit different data streams to implement concurrent data

transmission
Massive MIMO Gain – 3D Beamforming
 3D Beamforming:
 Due to the increase of the number of vertical antenna array, compared with the
traditional beamforming beam, 3D BF can be adjusted in both the horizontal direction
and the vertical direction to enhance coverage for high building
Discussion
 What are the major factors that need to be considered

when deploying the Massive MIMO?
Content
Content

2.1 Network Structure Overview
2.2 Interface & Protocol Stack
2.3 Wireless Coludification
5G Network Structure Overview
NGC+NR
Standalone
NGC+NR+eLT
E(Dual
5G Structure connection)
EPC+LTE+NR(Dual
Non-standalone connection)
Networking Options
2 3 3a 3x
NGC EPC EPC EPC

S1-C S1-U S1-C S1-U S1-C S1-U
NG-C NG-U S1-U
gNB LTE eNB gNB LTE eNB gNB LTE eNB gNB
NGC NGC NGC

NG-C NG-U NG-U NG-C NG-U NG-C NG-U
4 5
4a
eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB
NGC NGC NGC

NG-C NG-U NG-C NG-U NG-U NG-C NG-U
eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB gNB
7 7a 7x
Question
 Please identify the networking type for the previous options? (Standalone or Non-
standalone, dual connection or not)
EPC NSA Networking Introduction (Option 3 Series )
Networkin Description Deployment
 Characters of option 3 series： g suggestion
Option3 NR data is split from eNB side, which Recommended for the
 Common:
requires very high process capacity on scenario that LTE process
 Adopt EPC+LTE+NR dual eNB side capability is not limited
connection The user plane is anchored on the (LTE deploy BBU5900)
 Control plane is provide by LTE
eNodeB side, which reduces the user
plane interruption caused by mobility
side
No need any connections form gNB
 Differences: user plane adopts to EPC
different forwarding solutions: Option3a Data split can be adjusted based on Not recommended
 Option 3: data flow is split radio environment
from eNB side Option3x Data is split form gNB side, eNB side Recommended for the
no need any reconfiguration early stage
 Option 3a: data flow is split
User plane is anchored on gNB,
from EPC
frequent user-plane anchor changes
 Option 3x: data flow is split may occur if coverage is not
from gNB side continuous.
NSA Dual Connections
 Basic conceptions:  Bearer setup type for each options
 MCG：Master Cell Group  Option3：Setup MCG split bearer
 SCG：Secondary Cell Group  Option3a: Setup MCG bearer and SCG
 MCG bearer：Data bearer on MCG side bearer
 SCG bearer：Data bearer on SCG side  Option3x：Setup SCG spilt bearer
 MCG split bearer：Data bearer split from

MCG
 SCG split bearer：Data bearer split form

SCG
NSA Data Split (Option 3 and 3x)
EPC+ EPC+ EPC+ EPC+
RRC/L RRC/L
PDCP/L PDCP/NR PDCP/NR

PDCP/L
RLC/L RLC/NR RLC/L RLC/NR
MAC/L MAC/NR X2 MAC/L

X2 MAC/NR
PHY/L PHY/NR PHY/L PHY/NR
LTE NR LTE NR
Option 3 LTE BBU NR BBU Option 3x LTE BBU NR BBU
 In option 3 and 3x solution , data flow is split on PDCP layer form eNB or gNB.
Dual Connection Setup Flow (Option 3X ）
UE eNodeB gNodeB S-GW MME
Option 3x
RRC CONN REQ EPC
RRC CONN SETUP

RRC CONN SETUP CMP LTE NR
UL NAS TRANS
INIT UE MESSAGE
INIT UE CONTEXT SETUP REQ
UE Initial
UE CAP ENQUIRE
Access
UE CAP
Option 3x
UE CAP IND
SEC CMD EPC
SEC CMP
RRC RECFG LTE NR
RRC RECFG CMP

INIT UE CONTEXT SETUP RSP
RRC RECFG(5G Cell Measure by B1 )

5G neigbour RRC RECFG CMP
Measure B1 MEAS RPRT
X2 SetUp Req
Option 3x
X2 Setup Rsp
EPC
SgNB Addition Req
5G SCG ADD
SgNB Addition Rsp
RRC RECFG LTE NR
（5g Scell Add）
RRC RECFG CMP
SgNB RECFG CMP
RANDOM ACCESS Option 3x
Data Forwarding EPC
Path Update Data Forwarding
Procedure ERAB MOD IND LTE NR

Bear Modication
（Opt 3x）
ERAB MOD CNF
5G Standalone Networking
 In SA networking scenario, the core
network changes greatly compared with
the EPC. When defining the NGC
NGC
architecture, the 5G network has the
AMF/UPF AMF/UPF
following characteristics:
 The network uses NVF and SDN

NG-C/U
NG-C/U technologies to decouple logical

functions from hardware
NG-
C/U
NG-
C/U
Xn NG-RAN  Based on the existing EPC architecture,

gNB gNB
the user plane and bearer plane are
Xn
Xn
separated
gNB
 Modular design of logical functions,
implementing flexible network slicing
NGC Structure
AUSF NG13 UDM
NG12 NG8 NG10
AMF NG11 SMF NG7 PCF NG5 AF
NG14 NG15
NG1 NG2 NG4
UE (R)AN NG3 UPF NG6 DN
NG9
NGC Vs EPC
EPC NE function Corresponding NGC NF
MME Mobility management AMF
User authentication AUSF
Session management SMF
PDN-GW Session management
User plane data forwarding UPF
SGW User plane data forwarding
PCRF QoS policy and charging rules PCF
HSS User profile database UDM
Evolution Path
 NSA(Opt 3x) -> Option 7(optional) -> Option 4/2
 NSA uses Option3x to implement fast NR deployment

 After the 5G core network is deployed, if the NR coverage is good, skip Option7x and use
path1
 After the 5G core network is deployed, if the NR coverage is poor, use Option7x and then
finally to Option 4&2
Discussion
 Please discuss your own evolution path based on your consideration
Content

NG Interface Protocol Stack
NG-AP User plane PDUs
 NG is the interface between the radio access
network and the core network. The interface
design principles are as follows:
 The NG interface is open and

GTP-U programmable
SCTP
UDP  Meet the requirements of different new
IP services and functions in the future
IP
Data link layer  NG interfaces need to adapt to various

Data link layer
air interface technologies
Physical layer Physical layer
Xn Interface Protocol Stack
User plane PDUs  The Xn interface between 5G gNB is based on the IP

Xn-AP
network, the user plane uses GTPU, and the control
plane uses SCTP, similar to the LTE X2 interface
GTP-U
SCTP
UDP
IP IP
Data link layer Data link layer
Physical layer Physical layer
Xn-C Xn-U
Uu Interface Protocol – Control Plane
UE gNB NG-CP
NAS NAS
RRC RRC
PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
Uu Interface Protocol – User Plane
UE gNB  The main functions of the user plane:
 Header compression, encryption,

SDAP SDAP scheduling, ARQ/HARQ
PDCP PDCP  he new protocol layer SDAP (Service Data

Adaptation Protocol) is added to the 5G
RLC RLC user plane to implement QoS mapping on
radio network
MAC MAC
PHY PHY
Discussion
 Please Draw the connection between 5G network targets and the key technologies?
C-Band & mmWave

Higher Peak Throughput
100MHz Cell Bandwidth
High Traffic Density
F-OFDM
Higher Spectrum Efficiency
Numerology-Flexible SCS
Shorter Latency Numerology-Flexible time
Slot
High Energy Efficiency Self-Contained Slot
High Connection Density 256QAM & 1024 QAM
Massive MIMO -
High Mobility Beamforming
Massive MIMO - MU-MIMO
Content

Overview of Wireless Network Cloudification Evolution
DRAN CRAN
CloudRAN
（Distributed RAN）（Centralized RAN）
Discussion on CU-DU Segmentation
Core
COMMON RRM/SON
（Inter-RAT, Inter-site，Inter-layer）
Cloud based <VNF>
Central Unit of gNB
CloudRANCU
COMMON PDCP
（ROHC, cyphering,…）
Distributed Distributed Distributed
Unit of gNB Unit of gNB Unit of gNB
The 3GPP R15 standard uses the option2
CU RAN-Non-real DU RAN-RT （Real time）

time
High- Low- High- Low- High-

RRC PDCP Low-PHY RF
RLC RLC MAC MAC PHY
Data Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5 Option 6 Option 7 Option 8

RRC PDCP Low-PHY RF
RLC RLC MAC MAC PHY
CPRI
Data
Cloud RAN Network Architecture Overview
EPC/NG Core
Software and
hardware are S1/NG
decoupled and can
be deployed on Mobile Cloud Engine
common servers CloudRANCU(VNF)
Provides CloudRAN
eNB-CU gNB-CU
Other VNF fault locating functions
RRC RRC (CloudRANC
U_M)
PDCP PDCP
option2
omplies with the
F1(Ethernet)
NFV architecture
Dedicated hardware,
eNB-DU eNB-DU eNB-DU such as BBU59XXX.
eNB-DU gNB-DU gNB-DU
Existing eNodeBs
RLC RLC
RLC
RLC RLC RLC can be upgraded to
MAC
MAC
MAC
MAC
MAC
MAC eNB-DU.
PHY PHY PHY
PHY PHY PHY_H
option7
eCPRI
CPR CPRI
I PHY_L
RF RF
RF RF
Interfaces in the Cloud RAN Networking
MM SGW NGCORE
E
S1-U
eNB- S1-C
CU eNB- gNB- gNB-CU NG3
CU CU NG2
F1-U
F1-C
eX2-U
eX2-C
X2-U
X2-C
Xn-U
Xn-C
eNB- eNB- gNB- gNB- gNB- gNB-

DU DU DU DU DU DU
Page62
CU Deployment Solution
option1
Regional DC • Benefits: Implements large capability control
CU
(DU site number~>100X processing and resource sharing
level) • Disadvantages: The delay is large, which is
MCE & APP
not suitable for delay-sensitive services
option2
Ethernet CU
• Benefit: close to user, less
DU MCE & APP delay
Central DC • Disadvantage: Less capacity
(DU site number~10X) Ethernet
Ethernet
DU DU
CPRI/eCPRI CPRI/eCPRI CPRI/eCPRI
AAU
Content
Content

3.1 gNB Hardware Introduction
3.2 DL/UL Decoupling & Cloud Air
3.3 Site Solution & Deployment
Huawei 5G Base Station Product Specifications in 2018
C-band AAU mmWave AAU BBU
• 3.5GHz, 3.7GHz, Capability of baseband

• 28GHz, 39GHz
board:
4.9GHz • 512 antennas • 3*100M 64TRx +3*20M
• 64T64R • 800MHz BW
• 200W 4R
• 100/200MHz BW
 Huawei BBU5900 has strong baseband capability and supports C-band, Sub3G, and
millimeter wave full-frequency bands
 Huawei Massive MIMO AAU has been deployed on a large scale (4.5G) and can be
smoothly evolved to 5G
 Uplink and downlink decoupling enables C-band and 1.8GHz to share the same site and
coverage, improving the experience rate by 10 times
Structure of Macro Site
AAU RRU  5G site solution is implemented based on the

SRAN architecture and consists of two main
modules: BBU and AAU/RRU
 AAU is mainly used in C-Band and higher

Clock frequency bands
Power supply  RRU is mainly used in the Sub3G frequency

band
BBU
BBU5900 Introduction
(MPT) (MPT)
BBU5900
UPEUe
Power module Power consumption：1100w/UPEUe
FANf
FAN module
Heat dissipation capability 2100W
Horizontal layout of BBU5900 slots
Slot configuration
MPT：slot7>slot6
Slot
Base band board：full width 0>2>4；
Half width 4>2>0>1>3>5
Power：slot19>slot18
BBU5900 can’t use following boards:：GTMUa/b/c，WMPT、LMPT、UMPTa、UBRI、
Restriction UBRIb、WBBP、LBBP、UTRP、UCIU
Baseband Board Introduction
Boar
HW Specification Function
d
DL/UL throughput：10G
5G Main control board, also support LTE
UMPTe3 Maximum RRC users ：5G NR 5400，
and NB IoT
UMPT Interface：2*FE/GE(E)，2*10GE(O)
DL/UL throughput：2G The existing LTE MPT, used for UL
UMPTb9
Maximum RRC users：10800，1*GE(O)+1*GE€ decoupling solution
6 CPRI，3 SFP， maximum rate :25G， 3 QSFP，
UBBPfw
maximum rate: 100G， 5G NR baseband process
1
5G NR：3x100MHz 64T64R+3x20M 4R
UBBPe UBBPe1
6 CPRI，rate：2.5G/4.9G/9.8G；FDD：3*20M 4T4R
0
UL decoupling solution
UBBPe1 6 CPRI，rate：2.5G/4.9G/9.8G；
1 FDD only: 6*20M 4T4R；
Power and monitoring board: Supports
Power (W)：1pcs 1100W，2pcs UPEUe: 2000W
UPEU UPEUe power current equalization and converts –
48 V DC to +12 V DC
FAN FANf Maximum heat dissipation (W): 2100W; FAN module
AAU5612（C-Band， 64T64R）
Frequency
Type TX/RX RAT IBW（MHz）
（MHz）
NR、LTE(TDD)
3400～3600 200
、TN
NR、LTE(TDD)
3600～3800 200
、TN
AAU5613 64T64R
3620～3800 NR 180
4800MHz～
5000MHz NR 200
Challenge on CPRI
120
100
100
Massive MIMO
AAU 80
5x 64
CPRI bandwidth
is increased by 60
4G
80 times
5G
40 16x
20
20
4
0
• UMPTe1/e2
BBU5900 • UBBPfw1
bandwidth Antenna
(MHZ) number
eCPRI Solution
 To reduce the bandwidth requirement of the CPRI interface, the physical layer Processing
function is partly moved into the RF unit
eCPRI
 The eCPRI interface is designed to encourages the use of Ethernet and IP Interface

RRC PDCP Low-PHY RF
RLC RLC MAC MAC PHY
Data Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5 Option 6 Option 7 Option 8

RRC PDCP Low-PHY RF
RLC RLC MAC MAC PHY
Data
Content

Background: The uplink and downlink are unbalanced, and
the uplink coverage is a weakness
Coverage performance comparison between
NR3.5G uplink 1 Mbit/s and downlink 10 Mbit/s UE power 23dBm
130
125.9
gNB power 50.8dBm（120W）
125
120 BW 100MHz
115 Slot configuration DL:UL=3:1

112.2
110
SCS 30KHz
105
PUSCH PDSCH
Massive MIMO 64T64R
UL 1Mbps DL 10Mbps
13.7 dB gap between UL and DL
1.8GHz UL Coverage Performance
DL 10Mbps @ cell radius ：251m
GAP: 13.7dB
3.5G 64T64R UL 1Mbps @ cell radius ：110m
100MHz
11.4dB gain
UL 1Mbps @ cell radius ：220m

1.8G 4T4R 20MHz
8.52dB gain
UL 1Mbps @ cell radius：185m
1.8G 2T2R 20MHz UL 0.57Mbps @ cell radius：220m
UL and DL Decoupling
UL Decoupling Procedure
UL band: 3.5G or 1.8G?
DL
NR DL @ 3.5G
UL NR UL @ 3.5G Cell center user use 3.5G
NR UL @ 1.8G Cell edge user use 1.8G
Based on the 3.5GHz RSRP reported by the UE, the eNodeB instructs the UE to initiate initial access
on an appropriate uplink carrier.
UL carrier selection
B1 MR：RSRP for 3.5GHz

RRC reconfiguration: Indicate UL carrier
Random acess @ 3.5G or 1.8G
Cloud Air - LTE and NR Spectrum Sharing
 Principle:
 LTE and NR use frequency division to statically share

uplink spectrum resources
 Maximum resource for NR:
 90% @ 20MHz
 80% @ 10MHz
Content

5G Site Deployment – NSA without UL Decoupling
4G and 5G Co-BBU 4G BBU + 5G BBU 4G BBU + 5G BBU
(inter-connection between MPT)
BBU5900： BBU39x0 BBU5900 BBU39x0 BBU5900
support LTE and 5G NR Support LTE Support NR Support LTE Support NR
LTE RRU NR AAU LTE RRU NR AAU LTE RRU NR AAU
UBBP(NR) UBBP(NR) UBBP(NR)
UBBP(L)
UMPT(L) UMPT(NR) UBBP(L) UMPT(L) UMPT(NR) UBBP(L) UMPT(L) UMPT(NR)
Router or Switch Router or Switch
X2 Based on Backplane X2 Based on IPRAN X2 Based on CI Inter-connection
5G Site Deployment – NSA with UL Decoupling
Target
AAU
ANT ANT
Current ANT ANT
RRU RRU RRU RRU

(TDD) (1800) (TDD) (1800)
UBBPfw1
FANe FANe FANf

UBBPe UBBPe
UPEUd UPEUd UPEUe
UBBPe UMPTb9(L) UBBPe UMPTb9(L) UMPTb9(L) UMPTe3(NR)
5G Site Transmission
Single-BBU scenario: Two BBUs:
BBU Interconnection(CLK, Control signal)
Main
UBBPfw1
UBBPfw1 Transmission
Network GTMUb
UBBP(L) UMPT(L) UMPT (NR)

UMPT(L) UMPTe(NR) FE/GE FE/GE
interface interface
FE/GE interface
Transmission
Network
 5G services require a large number of services. Therefore, 5G independent transmission is

recommended.
Discussion on 5G deployment
 For your live network, Please list the tasks for 5G Radio Network Deployment
 1:
 2:
 3:
 4:
 5:
Thank You
www.huawei.com

1 - 5G Radio Network Key Technologies and Deployment

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

1 - 5G Radio Network Key Technologies and Deployment

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

5G Radio Network Key Technologies and

Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

 The 5G vision requires for better network capabilities, especially the

 What are the requirements on wireless network?

 What are key technologies of wireless network?

 How to deploy and implement?

 We will discuss with you today

 After completing this course, you will be able to:

 Understand key index of new 5G air interfaces

 Have a good command of key technologies of 5G new air interfaces

 Have general understanding of 5G network architecture

 Have general knowledge of 5G wireless network evolution

 Have general knowledge of 5G site solutions and deployment scenarios

Non-standard OTSA impose the risk of damaging 5G universal

eMBB Spectum efficiency Traffic Density Spectral efficiency

 The 5G network will provide：

 20 times the LTE cell capacity

 10 times user experience rate

 ms level air interface delay

Main Spectrum for 5G Extended Spectrum for 5G

 3GPP Define: Frequency Range (FR)：

 FR1: Sub6G ，include：sub 3G and C-band.

 FR2: mm（mili meter） Wave，5G extended spectrum resources

NR Frequency range Duplex

 Large bandwidth is applied in 5G cell

50MHz 100MHz 200MHz 400 MHz

FCC in the United States 0.85GHz 3 GHz

MIIT 2.75 GHz 5.5 GHz

mmWave(TDD) Capacity Above 6G

1.8GHz / 2.1GHz (FDD+SUL) Wide coverage layer Sub6G

... 1367Mbps 1400

NLOS path loss path loss Penetration 3.5GHz 28GHz

Frequency Advantages Weaknesses Deployment Policy

Millimeter Millimeter Millimeter

10% guard band 2%~5% guard

30k TTI=0.5ms TTI

 Subframe number: 0~9

 5G defines following structures:  5G Slot design features:

 Type1: All symbols are downlink  Flexible : Symbol level DL&UL

 Type2: All symbols are uplink resource assignment

 Type3: All symbols are flexible  Variety: More slot configuration to

symbol, others can be flexible  5G adopts each slot as a scheduling

Downlink HARQ Feedback Uplink Data

LTE 5G  5G is compatible with

 In the current version,

QPSK QPSK the maximum

 FQAM： Frequency Quadrature-amplitude Modulation

 The concerns of Channel Coding selection:

 Performance: Error Correction Capability and Coding Rate

 Efficiency: Complexity and Power Consumption

 Flexibility: Length of Coder, Support of IR-HARQ…

 Turbo Code: Turbo LDPC Polar

channel coding is not yet

 Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO): Multi-antenna arrays of large-scale

 High-gain narrow beam  High-gain narrow

 Different users receive/transmit different data streams to implement concurrent data

 What are the major factors that need to be considered

2. 5G Network Structure and Wireless Cloudification Solution

NGC EPC EPC EPC

NGC NGC NGC

NGC NGC NGC

eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB gNB eLTE eNB gNB

 Basic conceptions:  Bearer setup type for each options