Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
In English Grammar
Information Of Technology
CIKARANG – BEKASI
2012
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ABSTRACT
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Preface
Praise be to Allah, The cherisher and sustainer of the worlds; God who has been
giving His blessing and mercy to the writer to complete the paper entitled "Tenses In
English Grammar.” This paper is submitted to fulfill one of the requirements to task
subjects English.
The writer realize that this paper is far from perfect, therefore, criticism and
suggestions from all parties who are building for the perfection of this paper. I hope
this paper may help to increase knowledge and experience for the readers, so I can
improve the form and content of this paper so that the future can be better.
Finally, our gratitude to all those who have participated in the preparation of this
paper from beginning to end. May Allah always be pleased with all our efforts. Amin.
Budi utomo
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CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT 2
Preface 3
Content 4
1.1. Introduction 5
2.1. Infinitive 7
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Chapter one
TENSES
I.1. Introduction
Tense in the English language the word comes from the Latin tempus which
means time. talk about the tenses, means talking about the time that indicates when
the occurrence of an event or events, the continuation and completion.
So, english tenses are basically talking about the time of the occurrence of an
event or events. in general, an event could occur at the present time, in the past, or
will happen in the future. different from the Indonesian, in the English language
description of time will determine the use of the verb. thus the verb could have been
referring to the present, past, or the time to come. a phrase that refers to the current
time is called the tense present. a phrase that refers to past time called past tense,
while the sentence that refers to the time of the call will come in future tense.
1. Present tense
2. Past tense
3. Future tense
The third time was still part of a general nature. to be specific, each divided into four
parts, the simplest form, present participle, perfect form, and also perfect form and
perfect continous. Each of the main tenses in the English language is divided into four
sections following :
1. Simple
2. Continous / progressive
3. Perfect
4. Perfect continous / progressive
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Tense
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Chapter Two
VERBS
The thing to note when making a statement is a statement of time, whether it is
referring to an incident that occurred in the present, in the past or will happen in the
future. Tenses
enses in the English
English language will determine the use of the verb. therefore,
the verb can refer to the present, past or future.
1. Infinitive
2. Past tense
3. Past participle
2.1. Infinitive
Infinitive
nfinitive verb is often called the first form is the basic form
f of the verb in
English that have not been added or changed in its form at all. There
re are two infinitive
verb, to infinitive and bare infinitive.
To play Play
To study Study
To make make
based on three examples, it is clear that the to infinitive is the infinitive in his writing
preceded by to, while the bare infinitive is not preceded by to.. although there is a term
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in English to infinitive
nfinitive and bare infinitive,, will not be difficult in learning English
because it will be easier to study the structure of subsequent sentences.
sentences
Past tense verbs are often called the second form of the verb is the past
p tense
verb in the English language that is used to indicate an event or events that will
happen in the past. The second form of the verb consists of two parts, the regular verb
and irregular verb.
based on these examples can be concluded that the irregular verb is a verb that forms
its past in the form by adding d / ed on the first verb (infinitive). irregular
i verb is a
verb that forms its past is not in a form based on a provision, but has its own form.
Past
ast participle verb form is often called the third is a form of the verb in the
English language that is used to form the passive
passive voice, present perfect tense, past
perfect tense and other forms of his sentence. existing provisions in the formation of
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past tense verbs, also applies to form a past participle. irregular shapes also has its
own shape, mostly with irregular past tense, but there is also a change form at all.
Regular Verb
Past Participle
Past
Infinitive studied
studied
study used
used
use smiled
smiled
smile
Irregular Verb
Past participle
Infinitive gone
go thought
think Past found
find went
thought
found
The third addition to the above forms of the verb, the verb form of others who also
need to know is present participle. Present participle is a verb in the infinitive is
added with the word ing and serves as the title phrase in a continuous / progressive
tense.
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Verb
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Chapter Three
PRESENT TENSE
Present Tense is used to talk about something in general. And it is also used to talk
about something which is happened repeatedly or habituallly activities. The adverbs of time
used in simple present tense are every day, every week, every year, on Mondays, after
school,etc. the adverbs of frequency used in simple present tense are always, often, usually,
sometimes, seldom, never, etc.
Pattern:
+ } S + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
Example in sentences :
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We use The Present Continuous Tense when we talk about something which
is happening at the time of speaking. We also use The Present Continuous Tense
when we talk about something which is happening around the time of speaking, but
not necessarily exactly at the time of speaking.
The adverbs of time used in present continous tense are now, right now, tomorrow,
etc.
Pattern :
For I = am
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He, She, It = Is
Example in sentences :
Pattern :
? }Have/Has + S + V3 + O/C?
Example :
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Pattern :
Example :
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Chapter Four
PAST TENSE
We use the past simple to talk about actions or situations in the past. The
Adverbs of time in this tense are yesterday, last….., a week ago, this morning , last
night, yesterday morning, yesterweek, yestermonth, yesteryear, etc.
Pattern :
+} S+V2 +O/C
?} Did + S+ V1 +O/C?
Example :
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We use past continuous Tense to say that someone was in the middle of
doing something at a certain time. The action or situation had already started before
this time but hadn’t finished
Pattern :
Contoh :
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We use the Past perfect to say that something had already happened before
this time.
Pattern:
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3 ?
Contoh :
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We use the Past perfect to say that something had still happened when
another action had happened.
Pattern :
Example :
(+) They had been doing the homework when I came yesterday.
(?) Had they been doing the homework when I came yesterday ?
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Chapter Five
FUTURE TENSE
Pattern :
Example :
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This tense describe that something will happen in the future at the certain
times.
Pattern :
Example :
We use this tense to explain something that will have already happened in
the future.
Pattern :
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Example :
We use this tense to explain something that will have already happened in
the future at the certain times and still happening at the time of speaking.
Pattern :
Example :
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Chapter six
Pattern :
(+) S + would + V1
(?) Would + S + V1
Example :
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Pattern :
Example :
Pattern::
Example :
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(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?
Pattern :
Example :
1. If the weather had been better (but it wasn’t), I’d have been sitting in the
garden when he arrived (but I wasn’t and so I didn’t see him).
2. If she hadn’t got a job in London (but she did), she would have been working
in Paris (but she wasn’t).
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Dhanny R. cyssco, Mastering tenses & daily conversation, Puspa Swara-Jakarta 2008
Alfred akerlund, The Definite Tense In English, A.B. PH. LINDSTEDTS UNIV.
BOKH . LUND & W Heffer & Sons. LTD (CAMBRIDGE) 1911
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