MODULE 5

Introduction

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World Module
aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study of 21st
Century Literature from the Philippines and the World, encompassing
their various dimensions, genres, elements, structures, contexts, and
traditions.

This module allows the students to embark on a journey from

Philippine regions to the different parts of the world through various
literary encounters.

Here, the learners will be accompanied by Lito and Letty, the ship
captains of Balangay ( an old name of a Philippine boat). Lito is a
Filipino Ship Captain who-charge
is in of the local destinations. And
Letty is a Lady Ship Captain from other country. -charge
She is inof the
tour abroad. Lito and Letty assist each other in every module visit.

2
MODULE 5
MODULE 5
 Lesson 1

Learning Competency:
Differentiate the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the
original genres, periods citing their elements, structures and traditions.
(EN12Lit-Id-25)

This module is a standalone section that you can use based on

your needs and interests to enhance your competency on how to
differentiate the various 21st century literary genres and the ones from the
original genres, citing their elements, structures and traditions.

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 differentiate the 21st century literary genres;

 enumerate the elements and structures of each genre;

 appreciate the unique features of each genre.

85
 MODULE 5

Testing the
Waters
Directions: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle corresponding to
the letter of the correct answer for each item.

1. It is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative

concepts such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time
travel, faster than light travel, parallel universe and extra-terrestrial life.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction

2. A literary genre which combines three media: book, movie/video and

internet website.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction

3. Literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing and

drawings, and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font.
Spanish Period.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction

4. Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network

exchanges.
A. Chick Lit
B. Digi-Fiction
C. Hyper Poetry
D. Text-Talk Novel

5. It is a genre fiction which addresses issues of modern womanhood,

often humorously and lightheartedly.
A. Chick Lit
 MODULE 5

B. Digi-Fiction
C. Hyper Poetry
D. Text-Talk Novel

Let’s Navigate

Let us have first an overview of the

subject. This would help you recall the nature
of the subject prior to the discussion of the
lesson on this module.

21st Century Literature

21st Century Literature refers to new literary work created within
the last decade. It is written by contemporary authors which may deal
with current themes/ issues and reflects a technological culture. It
often breaks traditional writing rules.

21st Century Reader

A 21st Century Reader grew up using technology as a primary
learning tool. He is capable of navigating and interpreting digital
formats and media messages. He also possesses literacy skills
which include technological abilities such as keyboarding, internet
naviga-
 MODULE 5

tion, interpretation of technological speak, ability to communicate and

interpret coded language and decipher graphics.

10

Leaving the Shore Journey

DIRECTIONS: Look for the conventional literary genres in the puzzle

below. Encircle the words then write the answers on the spaces
provided.
W F H I O M B O Z I
A E C D R A M A A O
P T S U P B W P F L
U O T H U N D I I K
L I E S W R F Y C F
K F L T Q T W T T I
G X P M R A S K I C
H N W N L Y E V O T
D J R V A E R B N I
X Y J C U I U Y E O
 MODULE 5

N O N F I C T I O N
____________________________________ ____________________________________

____________________________________ ____________________________________

Rocking the Boat Journey Guide

Can you still remember the major

conventional literary genres you have found
in the previous activity?
Can you enumerate the unique features of
each genre?

Let ’s recall the major literary genres!

POETRY - is an imaginative awareness of experience expressed
through meaning, sound and rhythmic language choices so as to
evoke an emotional response. It has been known to employ meter
and rhyme. The very nature of poetry as an authentic and individual
mode of expression makes in nearly impossible to define.

DRAMA - is a composition in prose or verse presenting in dialogue or

pantomime a story involving conflict more contrast of character, es-
pecially on intended to be acted on a stage: a play. It may be any
situation or series of events having vivid, emotional, conflicting or
striking interest.

FICTION - is a literature created from the imagination, not presented as

fact, though it may be based on a true story or situation. Types of
literature in the fiction include the novel, short story and novella.

NON -FICTION - is based on facts and author ’s opinion about a subject.

The purpose of non -fiction writing is to inform and sometimes to per-
suade. Its examples are biographies, articles from textbooks and
magazines and newspapers.
 MODULE 5

Plotting the Course

This time, look at the sample picture be-

low. Analyze the content.
Is the picture still a sample of the conventional
literary genre? Or is it more of like a modern lit-
erary genre?

Keeping Track

Let us start our learning

exploration. Ready!

21st Century Literature Genre

 MODULE 5

ILLUSTRATED NOVEL
 Story through text and illustrated images
 50% 0f the narrative is presented without words
 The reader must interpret the images in order to comprehend
completely the story.
 Textual portions are presented in traditional form.
 Some illustrated novels may contain no text at all.
 Span all genres.

The Invention of Hugo The Invention of Hugo

Cabret Book Cabret Book
Image source: https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en
-ca/ Image source: https://www.bookdepository.com/
books/the-invention-of-hugo-cabret/9780439813785
- Arrival-Shaun-Tan/9780439895293

DIGI-FICTION
 Triple Media Literature
 Combines three media: book, movie/video and internet website
 In order to get the full story, students must engage in
navigation, reading, viewing in all three forms.

14
 MODULE 5

Video Form Book Form

Website Form
Image source: https://ghost+in+the+machine+digi+fiction&tbm=isch&ved= 2ahUKEwjcyY
Ob6tvgAhXGGo8KHcjpBnoQ2-cCegQIABAC&oq=ghost+in+the+machine+digi+fiction&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.
https://Level+26+digi+fiction&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjpouuo6tvgAhVDQo8KHeGGDbUQ2cCegQIABAC&oq=Le
vel+26+ digi+fiction&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.
https://39+clues+website&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjzsN2E69vgAhUE1Y8KHWQGDAUQ2cCegQIABAC&oq=39+
clues+ web&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.

GRAPHIC NOVEL
 Narrative in comic book formats
 Narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using
comic form.
 The term is employed in a broad manner, encompassing non-fiction
works and thematically linked short stories as well as fictional stories
across a number of genres.

Archie Graphic Novel

Image source: https://itunes.apple.com/us/book/archie-comics-spectacular-party-time/id944408110?mt=11
 MODULE 5

MANGA
 Japanese word for comics
 It is used in the English-speaking world as a generic term for all
comic books and graphic novels originally published in Japan.
 Considered as an artistic and storytelling style.
 Ameri-manga- sometimes used to refer to comics created by
American artists in manga style.
 Shonen- Boy’s Manga (Naruto, Bleach, One Piece)
 Shojo- Girl’s Manga (Sailormoon)
 Seinen- Men’s Manga (Akira)
 Josei- Women’s Manga (Loveless, Paradise Kiss)
 Kodomo- Children’s Manga (Doraemon, Hello Kitty)

Cross Epoch Manga Detective Conan Manga

Image source: https://onepiece.fandom.com/wiki/ Image source: https://cilisos.my/8-comics-that-will-

Cross_Epoch bring-you-back-to-your-malaysian-childhood/

DOODLE FICTION
 Literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing
and drawings, and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font.
 Drawing enhance the story, often adding humorous elements that
would be missing if the illustrations were omitted.

14
 MODULE 5

Diary of a Wimpy Kid Book

Image source: https://www.funbrain.com/books/diary-of-a-wimpy-kid/page/1

https://m.comixology.com/Diary-of-A-Wimpy-Kid-Vol-4-Dog-Days/digital-comic/32588?ref=Y29taWMvdmlldy9
kZXNrdG9wL3NsaWRlcg

TEXT-TALK NOVELS
 Blogs, email and IM format narratives
 Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social
 MODULE 5

network exchanges.

CHICK LIT or CHICK LITERATURE

 Is genre fiction which addresses issues of modern womanhood,
often humorously and lightheartedly.
 Chick Lit typically features a female protagonist whose womanhood
is heavily thermalize in the plot.

14
 MODULE 5

Chick Literature book samples

Image source: https://chick+literature&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiRyeb
-7dvgAhUJ648KHe9QCRIQ
2-cCegQIABAC&oq=
Chick+literature&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-imgkZXNrdG9wL3NsaWRlcg

FLASH FICTION
 Is a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity
 There is no widely accepted definition of the length and
category. It could range from word to a thousand.

SIX-WORD FLASH FICTION

 Ernest Hemingway: For sale: baby socks, never worn.
 Margaret Atwood: Longed for him. Got him, Shit.

Six-Word Flash Fiction Flash Fiction

Image source: kianaspoeticawakenings.com/2015/02/15/six-word-poem-then-everyone-goodbyes/

flash+fiction+sample+story&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwji-KrC79vgAhVGW48KHfO4DDEQ2 cCegQIABAC&oq=f
lash+fiction +s&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.
 MODULE 5

CREATIVE NON-FICTION
 Also known as literary non-fiction or narrative non-fiction
 A genre of writing that uses literary styles and techniques to create
factually accurate narratives.
 Contrasts with other non-fiction, such as technical writing or
journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but is not primarily
written in service to its craft.
 As a genre, creative non-fiction is still relatively young, and is only
beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to
fiction and poetry.

True Story Books Sample

Image source: amp/s/www.esquire.com/entertainment/books/gmp19404777/best-nonfiction-books-2018/

SCIENCE FICTION
 Is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts
such as futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel,
faster than light travel, parallel universe and extra-terrestrial life
 Often explores the potential consequences of scientific and other
innovations and has been called a “literature of ideas”.

14
 MODULE 5

Science Fiction Book Samples

Image source:
Fmous+science+fiction+book+2018&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiN0rWq8tvgAhVWdysKHQUwDqEQ2
-cCegQIABAC&oq=Famous+science+fiction+book+2018&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-img.

https://www.google.com/search?q=hunger+games+book&client=ms-android-asus&prmd=isbvn& source=
lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiLhaTf8tvgAhUIXSsKHVsDBuIQ_AUoAXoECA8QAQ#imgrc=BpmsCEouqi
1 LkM

BLOG
 A web log; a website containing short articles called posts that are
changed regularly.

 Same blogs are written by one person containing their own opinions,
interests and experiences, while others are written by many different
people.

Wired blogsite Gizmodo blogsite

Image source: https://detailed.com/50/

HYPER POETRY
 Digital poetry that uses links using hypertext mark-up
 MODULE 5

 It can either involved set words, phrases, lines, etc. that are
presented in variable order but sit on the page much as tradition
poetry does, or it can contain parts of the poem that move and/or
mutate.
 It is usually found online, through CD-ROM and diskette versions exist.
The earliest examples date to no later than the mid 1980’s.

14
 Dropping the Anchor

I believe you can make it this time!

Directions: Using the given answer sheet, darken the

circle corresponding to the letter of the correct
answer for each item.
1. It is a genre of speculative fiction dealing with imaginative concepts such as
futuristic science and technology, space travel, time travel, faster than light
travel, parallel universe and extra-terrestrial life.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction
2. A literary genre which combines three media: book, movie/video and
internet website.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction
3. Literary presentation where the author incorporates doodle writing and
drawings, and handwritten graphics in place of traditional font.
Spanish Period.
A. Digi-Fiction
B. Doodle Fiction
C. Science Fiction
D. Creative Non-Fiction
4. Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating social network
exchanges.
A. Chick Lit
B. Digi-Fiction
C. Hyper Poetry
D. Text-Talk Novel
5. It is a genre fiction which addresses issues of modern womanhood, often
humorously and lightheartedly.
A. Chick Lit
B. Digi-Fiction
C. Hyper Poetry
 D. Text-Talk Novel
20

Approaching Destination

I’m pretty much sure that you can pass

this challenge!

st
Directions: Compare and contrast the 21
literary genres using Venn Diagram. Place your
answer on the spaces provided.

1.
Similarity/-ies: ________________________________________
Differences: __________________________________________

2.
Similarity/-ies: _________________________________________
Differences: ___________________________________________
 MODULE 5

21

Discovering the Gems

It’s time to check your answers!

Key to Correction

PRE-TEST POST-TEST

1. C 1. C
2. A 2. A
3. B 3. B
4. D 4. D
5. A 5. A

EXERCISE 1

1.Similarity: All make use of web or internet connection. Differences:

 Text-Talk Novels- Stories told almost completely in dialogue simulating
social network exchanges.
 Blog-A web log; a website containing short articles called posts that
are changed regularly; it may be written by one person containing
their own opinions, interests and experiences or written by many
different people.
 Hyper Poetry-It can either involved set words, phrases, lines, etc.
that are presented in variable order but sit on the page much as
tradition poetry does, or it can contain parts of the poem that
move and/or mutate.
2.Similarity: All make use of illustration or comic book format in presenting
stories.
 Differences:
 Doodle Fiction- Literary presentation where the author incorporates
doodle writing and drawings, and handwritten graphics in place of
traditional font.
 Manga- It is considered as an artistic and storytelling style which
originated in Japan.
 Graphic Novel- It encompasses non-fiction works and thematically
linked short stories as well as fictional stories across a number of
genres.
 MODULE 5

Lesson 2

Learning Competency:

EN11Lit-Id-26.Infer literary meaning from literal language based on

usage.

The use of this module requires every learner to demonstrate understanding of

how the analysis of literary meaning from literal language based on usage can be of
help in writing a significant interpretation of different literary texts. At the end of the
lesson, you are expected to:

 recognize the literary meaning from the literal language based on usage;

 infer the literary meaning of the words in the text from its literal meaning
based from text; and

 share insights about the solution of poverty through an illustration.

 Testing the Waters

DIRECTION: Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle corresponding
to the letter of the correct answer for each item.

1. What is the complete name of Jose Rizal?

A. Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal Alonzo Y Realonda
B. Jose Promacio Mercado Rizal Alonzo Y Relalonda
C. Jose Promatio Mercado Rizal Azunsion Y Realonda
D. Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal Asuncion Y Realond
2. . When was Dr. Jose Rizal executed?
A. December 13, 1896
B. December 03, 1896
C. December 30, 1896
D. December 30, 1986
3. Who is Padre Faura in the life of Jose Rizal?
A. teacher of Dr. Jose Rizal
B. enemy of Dr. Jose Rizal
C. father of Dr. Jose Rizal
D. neighbor of Dr. Jose Rizal
4.Where was Dr. Jose Rizal executed?

A. Cavite
B. Manila
C. Laguna
D. Makati
5. What did Dr. Jose Rizal do for our country?

A. He died for the sake of our country.

B. He made his statue for the Filipino people.
C. He built the Luneta Park in Manila.
D. He studied very well to become famous.

6. What did Dr. Jose Rizal do for our country?

 MODULE 5

E.

Journey
He died for the sake of our country.
F. He made his statue for the Filipino people.
G. He built the Luneta Park in Manila.
Let’s Navigate
H. He studied very well to become famous.

What do you know about Jose Rizal?

Can we consider him as our National Hero? Do
you know a poem that is related about the life of
Jose Rizal? When you read a poem, how do you
infer its literary meaning?
Turn on the next page and begin your next
journey, as you infer the literary meaning of text
from its literal
DIRECTIONS meaning.
: Read and study the lines from the song
“LEAD ME LORD”, sang by Gary Valenciano. 10
Then, answer the questions that follow.

LEAD ME LORD
Sang by Gary Valenciano

1. You are my light

2. You’re the lamp upon my feet
3. All The time ,my Lord I need you there
4. You are my light
5.I cannot live alone
7. Let me stay, by your guiding love
 8. All through my life

Rocking the Boat

DIRECTIONS: Read and understand the poem. Choose the literal meaning of
the underlined words from the given options.

A. heavenly body
B. temporary place for souls
C. Spanish Missionary
D. hero

(1)Padre Faura Witnesses the Execution of Rizal

By Danton Remoto
And on this day
I stand on the roof
With the year beginning to turn,
Of the Ateneo Municipal,
Salt stings my eyes.
Shivering
I see Pepe, On this
December morning.

A blur
Months ago,
Between the soldiers

Were you be able to infer the literary meaning of

the word “light” ? Did you know that the reader can
conclude the literary meaning of the word from its
literal meaning based on usage?
Let’s continue with your journey to this poem
about the death of a hero. Go to the next page of the
module and discover more.
11

Pepe came to me
 MODULE 5

With their Mausers raised In the

Observatory.
And the early morning’s
I thought we would talk

(3)Star:
About the stars
Still shimmering
That do not collide
Even if millions of miles away, In the
sky:
The star itself Instead, he
asked me about (2) purgatory.
Is already dead.
(his cheeks still ruddy
From the sudden sun
After the bitter winters
In Europe.)

How did you find the poem? Were

you able to give the literal meaning of the
underlined words Padre Faura , purgatory, and
star? After identifying their literal meanings, can
you determine now their literary meanings? Go to
the next page to learn more about literal and
literary meanings.

Plotting the Course

DIRECTIONS: Go back to the previous page and read again the

poem. Read and analyze each statement based on how you
understood the poem. . Write YES if you agree on the
statement or NO if you disagree.
 1. Padre Faura is a Filipino Missionary . ________
2. Padre Faura is the professor of Dr. Jose P. Rizal. ________ 3.
Padre Faura represents the Filipinio people. ________
4. The word “Star” is compared to Dr. Jose P. Rizal. ________
5. The literal meaning of star is a heavenly body. ________
6. Purgatory is a temporary place for soul. _________
7. Purgatory symbolizes “premonition”. _________

Hi! Welcome back! Did you have fun

exploring Padre Faura Witnesses the
Execution of Riza l? Were you able to
figure out the literary meaning of the words
Padre Faura, star, and purgatory out of
their literal meanings ? Move to the next
page so we can place your thoughts on
the right track.

Keeping Track

Do you know that a reader can infer the literary

meaning of words from text out of its literal
meaning? Keep on sailing as you read the
explanation below.

Literal Language means exactly what it says and does not use any figurative
language . It is a straight forward expression because It is the primary meaning of a
word.

Literary meaning is the meaning of a word associated with the use of a literary
device. These literary devices include “Symbolism”, “Figures of Speech” and
“Sensory Images” or “Imagery”.
 MODULE 5

Let us explore the literary and literal meanings of words in the poem .
 MODULE
MODULE 196

WORD Keeping Track

LITERAL MEANING LITERARY MEANING

Padre Faura Spanish missionary Filipino people

purgatory temporary place for soul premonition

star heavenly body Jose P. Rizal

The words Padre Faura, purgatory, and star used the literary device,
Symbolism, to represent another meaning.

Symbolism is the art of using an object to make a clear picture of an

abstract idea or ideas.

“Padre Faura” symbolizes the Filipino people who witness the death of
Rizal. He represents the Filipino people because Padre Faura cares about
Rizal , in the same way that Jose Rizal was loved by the Filipino people.

The word “purgatory” represents the death of a hero. It gave a clear

picture that Jose Rizal was about to die when he started asking Padre Faura
about purgatory.

The object “star “ represents Jose Rizal because he gave an enlightenment to

the lives of the Filipino people .His death awakens the Filipino people from the
tyranny brought by the Spanish regime to the Philippines and the Filipino
people.
 MODULE 5
Approaching Destination

DIRECTIONS: Read the poem below. Infer the literary meaning of the underlined words from its
literal meaning. Choose the correct answers inside the box and write

them under the correct column.

Third World Geography

By Cirilo F. Bautista

A (1)country without miracles sits heavy on the map, thinking of banana trees rotting in the sunlight.

WORD LITERAL MEANING LITERARY MEANING

1. country

2. man

3. parched earth

WORD LITERAL MEANING LITERARY MEANING

1. country

2. man

3. parched earth

WORD LITERAL MEANING LITERARY MEANING

1. country

2. man

3. parched earth
 Seeing the Lighthouse

DIRECTIONS: The meaning of the poem entitled Third World Geography by

Cerillo F. Bautista is about poverty. The literal meaning of the word “poverty” is being extremely
poor. Poverty can be a symbolism of “hunger”. As a student, what can you do to help solve the
problem of poverty in our society? Draw your answer.

YOUR DRAWING
 MODULE 5

Dropping the Anchor

DIRECTIONS: Read and understand the song , “On the Wings of Love” , sang
by Regine Velasquez. Using the given answer sheet, darken the circle
corresponding to the letter of the correct answer for each item.
On the Wings of Love
Sang by : Regine Velasquez Alcasid

1. Just smile for me and let the day begin.

2. You are the sunshine that lights my heart within.
3. I’m sure that you’re an angel in disguise.
4. Come take my hand and together we will ride…

1. In line 3, what does angel represent?

A. a loving person
B. a person with a wing
C. an object with a wing
D. None of the Above

2.In line 2, what is the literal meaning of the word “lights”?

A. light toned
B. not heavy
C. something that makes the surrounding visible
D. All of the above

3.In line 1, what is the literary meaning of the word “smile”?

A. greeting someone
B. being positive
C. good facial expression
D. None of the Above
Purgatory refers to _______________________

A. a place wherein dead people cleanse their sins.

B. a place wherein people celebrate happiness.
C. a place wherein people experience suffering.
D. a place where people prays .
5..What is celebrated every 30th day of December in honor of Dr. Jose
P. Rizal?

A. Manila day
B. Padre Faura Day
C. Cavite Day
D. Rizal Day
At last you ’re almost through with your
journey! Did you find it easier to answer
now that you ’ve learned how to bring out
the literary meaning of the literal language
based on their usage ? Turn to the next
page and let ’s see how many exciting
gems you have discovered.

Discovering the Gems

Hi! Here are the gems you ’ve kept along the
course of your journey. Let
’s count them.

PRE-TEST POST-TEST
 MODULE 5

Leaving the Shore Rocking the Boat Plotting1.the no

Course
1. light 1. C
2. Yes
2. yes 3. 2. B
yes 3. A 3. Yes
4. Yes
5. Yes
6. Yes
7. yes

1. nation-poverty 1. freedom
2. human being-dictator 2.light
3. dried soil-famine 3.Christmas Day
4.peace
5.calmness