Preposition 2 ——Primary 5/6

• after/later

after —— 后面要加句子（phrase）
I will call you after I get home from work.

➢ afterwards 句子的最后面
“Did you go straight home after the baseball game?”
“No, we went out for drinks after.”
“No, we went out for drinks afterwards.”

later——单独用
I will call you later.

➢ later + time period—— refer to an unspecified time in the future

I will finish the project later this week.

• by/until

by——在未来的特定时间要完成的一件事
Please send me the information by Monday.

until——一件事情会持续到特定时间
He’s staying in London until the 30th.
 • during/while

during——后面接名词
She cried during the movie.

while—— 后面接句子/动词加 “ing”

She cried while she was watching the movie.
She cried while watching the movie.

1. 几时用 “when”,而不是用 “while”

➢ to talk about something that occurs at the same time as a longer action
or event that is described in the main clause
同时两个动作，形容短动作（打扰的动作）

I was asleep in my chair when Dora rang to say she was not coming
home.
We were playing monopoly when the lights went off.

➢ to talk about periods of time in the past

以前的时段
When I was a little boy, I wished to become a doctor.

➢ whenever 每一次
My grandmother will bring some presents for me when she comes to
visit me.
My grandmother will bring some presents for me whenever she comes
to visit me.

2. 几时用 “while”, 而不是用 “when”

➢ to describe the longer action of two events or to talk about two longer
actions that go on simultaneously
同时两个动作，形容长动作
Dora left a message on the voice mail while I was sleeping in my room.
I was cooking the supper while Jenny was ironing the clothes.
➢ meanwhile = during this time
同时
She spent four years studying for her law degree. Meanwhile, she
continued to work at the bank.

➢ a while = a short time

短时间里
I have not seen you around for a while. Where have you been?
• From… To / Till / Until 从…到…
The museum is open from 8 AM to 4 PM.
Jack will be on vacation from tomorrow until next Friday.
I studied English from 2001 till 2004.

• between…and 介于…和…
This campaign will be held between 2 days and 5 days.

• Past / To —— prepositions with minutes in relation to the hour

Twelve fifteen

Twelve o'clock or

Quarter past twelve

Twelve thirty
Twelve forty-five
or
or
Half past twelve
Quarter to one
We never say "half to".
• For / Since

for—— a period of time

I’ve been waiting for three hours.

since—— a specific point in time

I’ve been waiting since ten o’clock.

• As Soon As / As Long As

as soon as—— immediately after another event

We will call you as soon as we arrive.
意思就是：如果我们 8 点到，我们 8 点 05 分就会打给你，马上的意
思

as long as—— for the period of time

I will try to stay awake for as long as I could.
Phrasal Verb
1. come after ——chase/ follow
The government has already tried to come after me.
I am sorry to disappoint you, but I am afraid I cannot come after all.

2. come by ——obtain
Cheap organic food is still difficult to come by.

3. come round ——recover from fainting (recover consciousness)/

She found that she was in the kitchen when she came round.

4. come down with ——become ill with

I think I may be coming down with a cold.

5. come through ——succeed

We were worried she would not be able to handle it, but she came through in
the end.

6. come up with ——think of

He always comes up with the good idea.

7. die down ——fade away (if something dies down, it becomes much less
noisy, powerful, or active)
I waited for the laughter to die down before I spoke.
The strong wind died down during the night.
8. die out ——disappear
The tribe’s traditional way of life is dying out.
9. drop by ——visit
She drops by her friend’s house to take the dress.

10. drop out ——leave/ quit

He has dropped out of active politics.
She started a degree but dropped out of the college after only a year.