To live in the hearts

of those whom you leave behind

is to not die.

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Our beloved President, Dr. A. P. J Abdul Kalam has exhorted all the youth to take this pledge in order to realize his grand vision of a grand India.
13
 OOMMEN CHANDY
Chief Minister
Secretariat
Thiruvananthapuram - 695 001
Tel : (0471) 2333812 & 2333682
Fax : (0471) 2333489
email: chiefminister@kerala.gov.in

I am happy to learn that I . E . S . C O L L E G E o f

ENGINEERING, CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR is publishing
a magazine “Asthithva” on the occasion of the annual
celebration.

I hope that the magazine will bring out the inborn talents of
students as well as teachers of the institution.

I wish all success for the endeavour.

OOMMEN CHANDY

14
E. T. MOHAMMED BASHEER
Minister for Education
Thiruvananthapuram - 695 001
Tel : (0471) 2335466
Fax : (0471) 2335457
email: minister-education@kerala.gov.in

I am happy to learn that I.E.S. COLLEGE of

ENGINEERING, CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR has
proposed to bring out a magazine “ASTHITHVA”. I am
sure that this will be an apt forum for the manifestation of
inherent talents of students and the staff alike. I extend my
best wishes for the success of this venture.

E. T. Mohammed Basheer

15
 UNIVERSITY OF
CALICUT
Prof. SYED IQBAL HASNAIN
Vice-Chancellor
Calicut University P.O., Malappuram-673 635, Kerala, India
Phone : 0494- 2400241, 2401144, Extn. 102 & 150 (Off)
: 0494- 2400333, 2401144, Extn. 555 & 556 (Resi)
Fax : 0494- 2400361
E-mail : iqbalhasnain@hotmail.com
Mobile : 9447100241

I am glad to know that IES College of Engineering, Chittilappilly,

Thrissur is bringing out an annual magazine in December, 2005.
I hope this publication would reflect the creativity of the
students and address the basic issues of the present-day campus.

I wish it all success and maximum readership and congratulate

each and everyone behind this initiative.

Prof
Prof.. Sy ed Iqbal Hasnain
Syed
Vice-Chancellor

16
IDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY
REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551
PHONE: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164

I am extremely happy to learn that the College Union is bringing out the
college magazine for the year 2005. I hope that the magazine will provide
opportunities to the students to expose themselves through artistic and literary
contributions.

I congratulate the Magazine Committee for the sincere and worthy efforts
they have made to bring out this magazine and wish all success for their
endeavours.

P. P. Hyder Haji
President, Ideal Educational Society

17
 IDEAL EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY
REGD. NO. 540/91, P.O. CHITTILAPPILLY, THRISSUR DT. KERALA-680 551
PH: 0487- 2305704, 2306286, 2308325, 2308326, FAX: 0487- 2307164

I am delighted to learn that the college magazine is ready for publication.

The college magazine is a unique scenario that provides unlimited opportunities to the
students to expose their creative talents through literary and artistic works. I hope
that the students might have utilized the opportunity worthily.

I sincerely congratulate those students and staff without whose

dedicated and untiring efforts, this would not have materialised within such a short
spell of time.

With best wishes,

M. T . Mohamed
General Secretary

18
(An Engineering College Promoted by the Ideal Educational Society)
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Affiliated to University of Calicut
CHITTILAPPILLY P. O. , THRISSUR, KERALA - 680 551
PH : 0487 - 2309966, 2309967, Fax : 0487 - 2309967
e -mail : mail@iesce.org Url : www.iesce.org

“ASTHITHVA” the first magazine of the IES College of Engineering

is being released after a rather long period of persistent efforts by the
Magazine Committee to give the shape it has attained now in its style and
contents. Being the starter it could have its share of shortcomings, still it
would become evident as one goes through the magazine that it has
exhibited sparks of the vibrant life here at IESCE with flashes of brilliance
at times in its articles and presentation.

The Magazine Committee could very well earn acclaim for the good
work it has carried out. Let this become the starting block for bringing out
the future issues of the magazine at a faster pace and added vitality and
vigour that will reflect a truly dynamic and progressive campus life we
all strive to have here. All the best wishes are offered here for attaining
such a glorious future for the endeavours of the fraternity of IESCE.

Dr. M. George Joseph

Principal

19
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 There has been a very progressive trend in the higher education sector in Kerala with the beginning of the new
millennium. IES College of Engineering (IESCE), Chittilappilly, Thrissur, founded by the Ideal Educational Society in 2003,
is one of the prominent new generation engineering colleges in the Thrissur area which joined in the upsurge for high
quality technical education. A report of this college and its activities would do well to primarily focus on the stages of its
evolution and then switch over to the current affairs. This report aims to cover both these aspects.
1. The Beginnings
The college had obtained AICTE sanction to start four B.Tech courses in AEI, CE, CSE and ECE as per their letter
of sanction No: F.No: 06/06/KER/ENGG/2002/35, dated 12/05/03. The Kerala Government had given sanction to start
the college as per G.O.No (MS)No: 65/2003/H.Edu dated 06/06/03. The University of Calicut, our affiliating university
had issued affiliating order as per letter No: GAI/D4/2159/03 dt 25/7/03.
The Foundation Stone of the college building was laid by Shri.P.M. Sayeed, Honourable Deputy Speaker of
Loksabha, on 15th June 2002 in the midst of an august gathering of dignitaries. The three storeyed college building, built
in splendid architectural style and situated in a well laid out garden landscape, provides the right ambience to pursue
engineering academic career in a serene environment. Faculty members, technical staff and administrative staff had been
selected on merit basis and appointed well in advance of the start of the First Batch classes. The admission counselling of
the first batch of students was completed in early September and classes were started from 15 September 2003.
2. Facilities
The College is well equipped to conduct the theory and laboratory classes of all the 4 branches of B.Tech courses
namely, Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Civil Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, and
Electronics and Communication Engineering. The classrooms, drawing halls, laboratories, workshops, library and computer
centre etc. have been furnished with all the modern amenities and provided with the latest equipments and furnishings.
2.1 Library
The College Library has a collection of 2823 books in titles and 7031 volumes. The library subscribes to national
journals and international journals. There are also more than 60 periodicals and magazines of general and technical interest.
The collection of the CD/DVD library is about 920 items. The library has reference section, general section and reading
halls for both, all of which are situated in 2 floors.
2.2 Computer Centre
The Computer Centre consists of 4 computer labs which have 120 personal computers in present use and additional
120 computers for use in the forthcoming semesters. The centre provides time slots for internet browsing by students and
staff, utilizing a 160 kbps dedicated connection which is being upgraded to 640 kbps. There are licensed softwares for
Windows XP professional, MS Office 2003, Autocad-2006 etc. Red hat Linux is also used as Operating System. Softwares
like Stad pro, Mat lab, Orcad, p-spice etc. are being procured now.
2.3 Laboratories
Civil Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Material testing (2) Fluids Engineering (3) Geotechnical Engineering (4) Surveying.
Electronics & Communication Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Electronic circuits (2) Digital Electronics (3) Microprocessor
& Microcontroller (4) Linear Integrated circuits.Computer Science & Engineering Dept. has labs in (1) Computer Programming
(2) Data structures (3) Hardware Engineering. Applied Electronics &Instrumentation Engineering Dept. has labs in
(1) Industrial Instrumentation (2) Control Engineering.
Electrical measurements & circuits lab, Electrical Machines Lab are also functioning well to meet the practical requirements
of existing courses.
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 The Basic Engineering workshops required for the first year of the courses are divided into (1) Mechanical
Engineering Workshops, Comprising of Machine Shop, Fitting, Sheet Metal and Welding Sections (2) Electrical
Wiring systems (3) Electronics Circuits Assembly/Fabrication (4) Civil Engineering Workshops in Masonry,
Plumbing, Carpentry and Model making.
2.4 Seminar Halls and Auditoriums
A general purpose seminar hall with 200 seating capacity has been set apart for conducting seminars and
symposia. Another hall with a seating capacity of 400 is in use. The OHP, LCD projectors available for paper
presentations in the seminar halls and lecture halls provide the appealing environment required for such duties.
Construction of a College Auditorium capable of accommodating 1000 members is in its final stage.
2.5 Recreational Facilities of Sports and Games
The college maintains a foot ball court with the dual purpose of conducting cricket matches as well as athletic
events in the Annual College Sports Meet. Games courts for volleyball, basket ball, tennis are also in use by
students, the latter two being introduced recently. Apart from these, college has the facilities for table tennis also.
2.6 In- Campus Hostels
Ladies and Gents hostels functioning within the campus are under the direct supervision of the Matron/Warden
and under the overall control of the Principal, who functions as Chief Warden.
3 The College Administration
The College administration is continuously supervised by the President of IES Mr. P. P. Hyder Haji and General
Secretary Mr. M. T. Mohamed.They are ably assisted in the administration by the Vice-President Mr. C. Alikutty
who is also the academic committee Chairman, Joint Secretary Mr. A.A. Mohamed Usman, Secretary
Mr. K.Kunhumohamed, Treasurer Mr. R.V. Hassanon. The other members of the Executive Committee
Mr. N.M.K.Mohamed ( Senior Vice President), Mr. R.V.Aboo (Director & Purchase Committee Chairman),
Mr. K.A.Kunhimon, Mr. K.P.Aboobacker, Mr. K.V.Mohamed Ashraf, Mr. K.K.Mashood, Mr. K.B.Majid,
Mr. A.V.Kader, Mr. K.K Mohammed Ali have also been attending to all their duties as Directors in the matters of
college administration. Apart from the above members of the Executive Committee, other members of the
sub-committees who also had been rendering good administrative support are Mr. K.T.M. Usman (Fin.
Comm. Chairman), Mr.V.C. Kunhimoidunny (Transp. Comm. Chairman), Mr. P.K Anwar, Mr. P.C.Rafeeq,
Mr. R.V. Musthafa, Mr. T.K.Khalid (Chairman, Agric. Comm), Mr. K.Aboobacker. A total of 21 managing committee
members routinely look after the administrative needs of IES which also has the prestigious Public School as it’s first
venture in the education sector and recently the B.Ed. Training College from the current academic year.
The sad demise of Mr. Marakkar Thamarassery, who was joint secretary and public relation committee member, has
engulfed all of us in grief. His services will always be remembered.
3.1 A B rief R eview of the IESCE Administration Procedure
The Principal, the Administrator, the Administrative Assistant and the Office Staff constitute the general administrative
unit of IESCE. The Heads of Departments along with the Principal constitute the Academic Administrative Body,
otherwise called the Staff Council.
The college admits students as per the Government and University regulations in force every year. The present senior
most batch of students are just completing their 5th semester. The first batch will pass out in 2007. The total student
strength at present is 617. By academic year 2006-07 it is expected to cross 900. The college is ready to accommodate
the increased requirements of class room spaces, labs and equipments. The college is also applying to AICTE for
sanctioning new branches of studies in Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering for which the
infrastructure is getting ready.
The students are provided with uniforms and identity cards. Academic performance evaluation is done conducting
sessional tests and assignment work as per University rules. The sessional test results and attendance progress are
informed to the parents through progress cards sent to them or handed over to them in PTA meetings. Remedial
classes are engaged for students found failing in the sessional tests. University examinations are conducted as per
University schedule. Students coming at the top level in the university exams will be awarded with prizes. Economically
weak but brilliant students are given scholarships to pursue their studies.
Good care is taken to appoint well qualified faculty members on consideration of merit alone and periodical assessment
of the teaching quality is done by getting feed back from students in the manner prescribed by the AICTE.
3.2 Department Activities
The four branches of study and other major sections of Engineering have the heads of dept. and the faculty members.
Faculties of all departments maintain a class work record. The teaching record consists of the course plan based on
prescribed syllabi and the college academic calendar. The teaching notes also will be a part of this record. Classes will
be conducted according to this plan and the progress will be monitored. The details of all tests, assignments and daily
attendance will be recorded here. The data relating to the attendance and marks will be entered into the college
academic data bank to be retrieved as and when needed.
24
 Group tutor system enables the staff members to know well the students under their charge and guide them
properly in matters of studies and personal growth. The students can seek the assistance and guidance of the
tutors in all matters relating to their career here.
4. Technical Associations
The departments of the four degree courses, namely Applied Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering, Computer
Science & Engineering, Civil Engineering and Electronics & Communication Engineering have formed their respective
associations to conduct co-curricular activities.
4.1 Association of Applied E lectronics and Instrumentation
The AEI association was formed and inaugurated in July 2004 by Mr. K.A. Nathan, Deputy General Manager of
Electrical and Instrumentation at HOC, Cochin. The association conducted lecture programs performed by
experts from the industries like Kochi Refineries. Students have made industrial visits to ITI , HOC, and FCRI
etc. with guidance of the faculty members. Students have presented technical papers at many other engineering
colleges like Jyothi Engg. College, Vidya Academy of Science & Tech and have won prizes. They have also taken
part in technical quiz, software debugging at NSS College of Engg, MES college of Engg, FISAT etc. and have
secured top honors.
4.2 Civil Engineering Association
The Civil Engg. Association was inaugurated by the noted architect and civil engineer Mr. V. R. U. Menon in July
2004. Invited lectures were conducted involving Mr. T. N. N. Bhattathiripad, Retd. Chief Engineer, Kerala Water
Authority; Dr. R.P.R. Nair, renowned Academician and Structural Engineer. Some faculty members attended
short term courses and workshops at GEC Thrissur, FISAT and Royal College of Engg. Students and staff
conducted industrial visits to Chimony dam, Malabar Cements, KAP India Tiles, Idukky Dam etc. Some students
took part in intercollegiate cultural events like ‘collage’ at Brahma of ASIET, Kalady, Technofest of GEC, Thrissur
and won prizes.
4.3 Computer Science and Engineering Association
The CSE association was inaugurated by Mr. Anwar P. Payyurel, Software Engineer. The students conducted
industrial visits to Techno Park, Thiruvananthapuram, and Reliance Base Station etc. Students took part in cultural
events and technical events like software debugging at ‘Resonance’ of GEC, Thrissur and of Vidya Academy.
Students conducted seminars, debate and quiz programs. Web designing competitions are also planned.
4.4 Electronics and Communication Engineering Association
The ECE Association was inaugurated by Dr.Thomas Philip GM (Per.) BSNL Thrissur. Invited lecture on Emerging
Trends in Radio and Satellite Communication by Mr. Subesh, All India Radio was conducted. Students made industrial
visits to Travancore Titanium industries and Keltech in Thiruvananthapuram. Dr.P.P.Nair, Principal, Vidya Academy
of Science & Tech, conducted an awareness program on IEEE for the benefit of our students. Our students took part
in events like debate, mock interview, GD and circuit debugging at MES CE Kuttippuram, VAST, Thalakkottukara
and won prizes.
4 . 5 Sports and Games Activities
Our college hosted the volley ball tournament of the Games Festival conducted under the auspices of ‘PECSAGA’, the
Private Engineering Colleges Sports and Games Association. IESCE also took part in the various games events
conducted here as well as in the other colleges of PECSAGA. Football, Shuttle Badminton and Table Tennis were the
other events of competition. The other colleges that form PECSAGA are Sahrdaya College of Engg., Kodakara, Jyothi
Engg. College, Cheruthuruthy and Royal Engg. College, Akkikkavu.
Our college conducts the Annual Sports and Games festival. Prize winners are awarded with medals and the champions
with trophies.
4.6 Cultural Activities
Mr. Sandeepan C. of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering participated in the ‘Thabala Competition’
held at Christ College, Irinjalakuda on behalf of D-Zone cultural festival followed by Inter-Zone cultural festival, 2005
held at Kunnamkulam conducted by Calicut University and bagged first prize for the college.
Our students conducted a Cultural/Arts festival ‘Out Burst’ in which all talented students took part in the art competition.
A few of our students took part in the debate program “OUT OF SYLLABUS” conducted for Amrita T.V. which was
telecast in November 2005.
5. Seminars and P rograms C onducted
A National workshop on ‘Environment and Pollution-2004’ sponsored by the AICTE was conducted in the college on 1st
July 2004. The District Collector Mr. V.M. Gopala Menon inaugurated the event. Prominent personalities in the field
including Dr.K.Raghavan Nambiar,eminent Environmental engineer, Dr.E.J.James, Executive Director, CWRDM
Dr. U. Lazar John, Principal, Jyothi Engg. College, Mr. Vijayabhas Senior Environmental engineer, Kerala State Pollution
Control Board presented theme papers. Fifty delegates from academia, governmental depts and industry personnel participated
in the one day workshop.
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 The college conducted an inter-collegiate Tech-Fest - LAURELS’05 on 19th November’05 which had competitions
in Technical Debate, Mock Interview, Software Debugging and Technical Paper Presentation. Laurels’05 was
inaugurated by Mr. Francis Jacob, DGM, BSNL, Thrissur. The Tech-Fest had participation from many engineering
colleges in the State.
6. College Students Council
The College Union was formed in the last two years by election of class representatives as Students’ Council
members and further selecting the Office Bearers from among the Council Members.
7. Toppers In University Examinations
The toppers in the Calicut University Examinations conducted in the college for which result are available till now
are as follows:
I & II Semester 2003 Admission
AEI Unnikrishnan Poduval Arun K.A. Salna Joy
CS Sheena Paul Abhisha Francis Chandana Therattil
CE Tony Jose Kiran Tony N. Nimisha V. Krishnan
EC Sajitha Sivasankaran Vinaya Krishnan K. N. Mohammed Rais
I & II Semester 2004 Admission
AEI Ajish A.A. Babu Bhavitha Chankarnkattil Aparna M.
CS Nimmi Thomas Jyothi Rajamohanan Premdas T.A.
CE Sony Vincent Karthika Mohan Ambili C. Valsan
EC Syama K. Ambili Prabhakaran Remya Ravindran
Third Semester 2003 Batch
AEI Unnikrishnan Poduval Arun K.A. Salna Joy
CS Sheena Paul Subi Abdulla P. Rahul Krishnan
CE Tony Jose Nimisha V. Krishnan Ajith Krishna
EC N Mohammed Rais Rekha P. Sajitha Sivasankran
8. Training And Placement Centre
The college has established a Training and Placement Training Centre to enable students secure placements before
they pass out from the college. This is guided by faculty representative from each department with the overall supervision
by Dr. C. J. James, Professor of Humanities. Specialized training for development of communicative skills and other
soft skills development are given emphasis in programs conducted under the TPC. External, visiting and guest faculty
are also invited to impart the required training programs.
9. Student Amenities
The college has provided internet browsing facilities to students at our computer centre. The interval times and
morning/evening sessions are utilized for this purpose. The College store supplies all essential books and stationery
items to the students and staff. Telephone facilities are provided by ITC system and coin box system. A reprographic
centre is available for the needs of the students in this regard. The college canteen also functions in the campus.
9.1 Conveyance
The IES College of Engineering is located in Chittilappilly (Adat Gramapanchayat) Trichur dt.Chittilappilly is only
10 km away from Trichur Corporation. The college provides conveyance to take students and staff residing in
places outside the campus.
10. Acknowledgements
I wish to place on record with gratitude the enormous support provided to me to discharge my duties as Principal
by the members of the executive committee headed by the President Mr. P.P. Hyder Haji and General Secretary
Mr. M. T. Mohammed. The other executive committee members and directors and sub committee members have also
provided their best efforts to administer the college effectively.
I also wish to acknowledge the sincere efforts of the faculty and other staff members and our students of IESCE in
bringing out the best in them for the welfare and prestige of our college.

IESCE CHITTILAPPILLY DR. M GEORGE JOSEPH

17th DEC 2005 PRINCIPAL
26
 D r . A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM
(Hon’ble President of India)
The President of India Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam’s
Speech in Hyderabad, India.
“I have three visions for India . In 3000 years of our
history, people from all over the world have come and
invaded us, captured our lands, conquered our minds.
From Alexander onwards- the Greeks, the Turks, the
Moguls, the Portuguese, the British, the French, the
Dutch, all of them came and looted us, took over what
was ours. Yet we have not done this to any other nation.
We have not conquered anyone. We have not grabbed
their land, their culture, their history and tried to enforce
our way of life on them. Why? Because we respect the
freedom of others. That is why my first vision is that of
FREEDOM
FREEDOM. I believe that India got its first vision of
this in 1857, when, we started the war of independence.
It is this freedom that we must protect and nurture and
build on. If we are not free, no one will respect us.
My second vision for India is DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT.
For fifty years we have been a developing nation. It is
time we see ourselves as a developed nation. We are
among top 5 nations of the world in terms of GDP. We
have 10 percent growth rate in most areas. Our poverty
levels are falling. Our achievements are being globally
recognised today. Yet we lack the self -confidence to
see ourselves as a developed nation, self- reliant and
self -assured . Isn’t this incorrect?
I have a third vision. India must stand up to the world.
Because I believe that, unless India stands up to the
world no one will respect us. Only STRENGTH
respects strength. We must be strong not only as a
military power but also as an economic power.
Both must go hand-in-hand. My good fortune
was to have worked with three great minds-
Dr. Vikram Sarabhai of the Dept. of Space,
Professor Satish Dhawan, who succeeded him and
Dr. Brahm Prakash, Father of Nuclear Material.
I was lucky to have worked with all three of them
closely and consider this the great opportunity of
my life.
I see four milestones in my career: Twenty
years I spent in ISRO. I was given the opportunity
to be the project director for India!s first satellite
launch vehicle, SLV3, the one that launched Rohini.
These years played a very important role in my life
of Scientist. After my ISRO years, I joined DRDO
and got a chance to be the part of India’s guided
missile program. It was my second bliss when Agni
met its mission requirements in 1994. The Dept. of
Atomic Energy and DRDO had this tremendous
partnership in the recent nuclear tests, on May
11 and 13. This was the third bliss. The joy of
participating with my team in these nuclear tests and
proving to the world that India can make it, that we
are no longer a developing nation but one of them.
It made me feel very proud as an Indian. The fact
that we have now developed for Agni an entry
structure, for which we have developed this new
material, a very light material called carbon-carbon.
One day an orthopaedic surgeon from Nizam
Institute of Medical Sciences visited my laboratory.
He lifted the material and found it so light that he
27
 took me to his hospital and showed me his
patients. There were these little girls and boys
with heavy metallic callipers weighing over
three kg. each, dragging their feet around. He
said to me: Please remove the pain of my
patients. In three weeks, we made these Floor
Reaction Orthosis 300-gram callipers and took
them to the orthopaedic centre . The children
didn’t believe their eyes . From dragging around
a three kg. load on their legs, they could now
move around! Their parents had tears in their
eyes. That was my fourth bliss!
Why is the media here so negative? Why
are we in India so embarrassed to recognize
our own strengths, our achievements? We are
such a great nation. We have so many amazing
success stories but we refuse to acknowledge
them. Why? We are the first in milk production.
We are number one in Remote Sensing Satellites.
We are the second largest producer of wheat.
We are the second largest producer of rice.
Look at Dr. Sudarshan, he has transformed the
tribal village into a self-sustaining, self-driving
unit. There are millions of such achievements but
our media is only obsessed in the bad news and
failures and disasters. I was in Tel Aviv once and
I was reading the Israeli newspaper. It was the
day after a lot of attacks and bombardments and
deaths had taken place. The Hamas had struck. But
the front page of the newspaper had the picture of
a Jewish gentleman who in five years had transformed
his desert into an orchid and a granary. It was this
inspiring picture that everyone woke up to. The gory
details of killings, bombardments, deaths, were inside
in the newspaper, buried among other news.
In India we only read about death, sickness,
terrorism, crime. Why are we so NEGATIVE? An
other question: Why are we, as a nation so obsessed
with foreign things? We want foreign TVs, we want
foreign shirts, we want foreign technology. Why this
obsession with everything imported. Do we not realize
that self-respect comes with self-reliance? I was in
Hyderabad giving this lecture, when a 14-year-old girl
asked me for my autograph. I asked her what her goal
in life was? She replied: “I want to live in a developed
India. For her, you and I will have to build this
developed India. You must proclaim India is not an
under-developed nation; it is a highly developed
nation.
28
Do you have 10 minutes? Allow me to come back
with a vengeance. Got 10 minutes for your country? If
yes; then read; otherwise, choice is yours. YOU say
that our government is inefficient. YOU say that our
laws are too old. YOU say that the municipality does
not pick up the garbage. YOU say that the phones don’t
work, the railways are a joke. The airline is the worst
in the world, mails never reach their destination. YOU
say that our country has been fed to the dogs and is the
absolute pits. YOU say, say and say. What do YOU
do about it? Take a person on his way to Singapore.
Give him a name - YOURS. Give him a face - YOURS.
YOU walk out of the airport and you are at your
International best. In Singapore you don’t throw
cigarette butts on the roads or eat in the stores. YOU
are as proud of their Underground links as they are.
You pay $5 (approx. Rs. 60) to drive through Orchard
Road (equivalent of Mahim Causeway or Fedder Road
) between 5 PM and 8 PM. YOU come back to the
parking lot to punch your parking ticket if you have
over stayed in a restaurant or a shopping mall
irrespective of your status identity.
In Singapore you don’t say anything, DO YOU? YOU
wouldn’t dare to eat in public during Ramadan in Dubai.
YOU would not dare to go out without your head
covered in Jeddah. YOU would not dare to buy an
employee of the telephone exchange in London at
10 pounds (Rs. 650) a month to, “see to it that my
STD and ISD calls are billed to someone else.” YOU
would not dare to speed beyond 55 mph (88 km/h) in
Washington and then tell the traffic cop, “Jaanta hai
main kaun hoon (Do you know who I am?). I am so
and so’s son. Take your two bucks and get lost.” YOU
wouldn’t chuck an empty coconut shell anywhere other
than the garbage pail on the beaches in Australia and
New Zealand.
Why don’t YOU spit Paan on the streets of Tokyo?
Why don’t YOU use examination jockeys or buy fake
certificates in Boston??? We are still talking of the same
YOU; YOU who can respect and conform to a foreign
system in other countries but cannot in your own. YOU
who will throw papers and cigarettes on the road the
moment you touch Indian ground. If you can be an
involved and appreciative citizen in an alien country,
why cannot you be the same here in India?
Once in an interview, the famous Ex-municipal
commissioner of Bombay, Mr. Tinaikar, had a point to
make. “Rich people’s dogs are walked on the streets to
leave their affluent droppings all over the place,” he
said “And then the same people turn around to criticize
and blame the authorities for inefficiency and dirty
pavements. What do they expect the officers to do?
Go down with a broom every time their dog feels the
pressure in his bowels? In America every dog owner
has to clean up after his pet has done the job. Same in
Japan. Will the Indian citizen do that here?” He’s right.
We go to the polls to choose a government and after
that forfeit all responsibility. We sit back wanting to
be pampered and expect the government to do
everything for us whilst our contribution is totally
negative. We expect the government to clean up but
we are not going to stop chucking garbage all over the
place nor are we going to stop to pick-up astray piece
of paper and throw it in the bin. We expect the railways
to provide clean bathrooms but we are not going to
learn the proper use of bathrooms. We want Indian
Airlines and Air India “to provide the best of food and
toiletries but we are not going to stop pilfering at the
least opportunity.” This applies even to the staff who
is known not to pass on the service to the public. When
it comes to burning social issues like those related to
women, dowry, girl child and others, we make loud
drawing room protestations and continue to do the
reverse at home. Our excuse? “It’s the whole system
which has to change, how will it matter if I alone forego
my sons’ rights to dowry.” So who’s going to change
the system?
What does a system consist of? Very conveniently
for us, it consists of our neighbours, other households,
other cities, other communities and the government. But
definitely not me and You. When it comes to us actually
making a positive contribution to the system we
lock ourselves along with our families into a safe
cocoon and look into the distance at countries
far away and wait for a Mr. Clean to come along
& work miracles for us with a majestic sweep
of his hand or we leave the country and run
away. Like lazy cowards hounded by our fears
we run to America to bask in their glory and
praise their system. When New York becomes
insecure we run to England. When England
experiences unemployment, we take the next
flight out to the Gulf, When the Gulf war struck,
we demand to be rescued and brought home
by the Indian government. Everybody is out to
abuse and rape the country. Nobody thinks of
feeding the system. Our conscience is mortgaged
to money.
Dear Indians, The article is highly thought
inductive, calls for a great deal of introspection
and pricks one’s conscience too. ... I am echoing
J . F. Kennedy‘s words to his fellow Americans
to relate to Indians .....
“ASK WHAT WE CAN DO FOR INDIA
AND DO WHAT HAS TO BE DONE TO MAKE
INDIA WHAT AMERICA AND OTHER
WESTERN COUNTRIES ARE TODAY.”
Let us do what India needs from us.
Thank you,
Dr
Dr.. A. P. J. ABDUL KALAM
(Hon’ble President of India)
29
30
 {io. ImWn-∏ø
\S-Ønb A`n-apJ kw`m-j-W-Øn¬\n∂v
ANUJ RAMDAS
RAKESH R.
{]mtbm-Kn-I-X-bn¬ C∂v ]m›m-Xy-cm¬ t]mepw
kzoI-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂, Hcp alm-im-kv{X-im-J-bmbn hnf-
ßp-∂, hmkvXp-hn-Zysb km[m-cW - °
- m-cn-te-s°-Øn-°p-
∂- X n¬ apJy- ] ¶v hln- ° p∂ {io. ImWn- ∏ - ø q¿
IrjvW≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏-mSp-ambn At±-l-Øns‚ a\-bn¬
sNe-hn´ A\p-{K-loX \nan-j-ß-fn-te-s°m∂p ItÆm-
Sn-°mw.
- Xm¶ƒ hmkvXp-im-kv{X-Øn-te°v FØn-t®-
cm≥ CS-bm-bXv H∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam?
]mc-º-cy-ambn Xs∂ hmkvXp-imkv{Xw Rß-
fpsS c‡-Øn¬ Aen™p- tN¿∂n-cp∂p. ]mc-ºcyw
\ne-\n¿tØ-≠n-bn-cp∂ apXn¿∂-h¿ Cu cwK-tØ°v
IS∂phcm-Xn-cp∂ Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv Rm≥ FØn-
t®¿∂-Xv.
hmkvXp-hn-Zy-bpsS {][m\ XXz-ß-sf-s¥m-
s°-bmWv?
kqcy- \ m- W t√m \ap°v i‡nbpw Du¿÷hpw
\¬Ip- ∂ - X v , AXn- \ m¬ hmkv X p- i mkv { X{]- I mcw
"F√mw kqcy-\n-te°v A`n-apJw' F∂p ImWp-∂p.
AXm-bXv kzbw Idtß≠ kqcy\pw, kuc-bq-Y-
Ønse a‰p -{K-l-ßfpw \£-{X-ßfpw `qansb, \Ωsf
kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. CXp a\- n-em°n CXn\v A\p-tbm-
Py-amb hn[-Øn-emWv \mw Pohn-t°-≠-Xv. AXn-\mbn
\ap°v tbmPn® hn[-Øn-ep≈ Krlw \n¿Ωn-°-Ww.
CXmWv hmkvXp-im-kv{X-Øns‚ {][m-\-XXzw.
hmkv X p- i m- k v - { X- Ø ns‚ hnIm- k - L - ´ ß- f n-
te°v H∂v IS-∂p-sN-√mtam?
a\p-jy-cpsS Xe-ap-d-I-fm-bp≈ A\p-`-h-ß-fn¬
\n∂mWv hmkvXp-imkv{Xw DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xv. XpS¿∂v hf-
32
- q¿ IrjvW≥ \ºq-Xncnbpambn
S5 CE, JABEZ K. VARGHESE S5 CE,
S5 CE, RAMESH K. S5 CE
sc-b-[nIw ]co-£Wßfn-eq-sSbpw \nco-£-W-ß-fn-eq-
sSbpw BWv hmkv X p- i mkv { Xw hnI- k n- ® - X v . Cu
]co- £ - W , \nco- £ - W - ß - f psS almtiJ- c - a mWv
C∂sØ hmkvXp-im-kv{X-{K-Ÿ-߃.
C∂v hf-sc-b-[nIw tIƒ°p∂ c≠v ]Z-ß-
fmWv hmkvXp-im-kv{Xhpw, X®p-im-kv{Xhpw. Xm¶-
fpsS A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ Ch c≠pw H∂mtWm?
AsX, hmkvXp-im-kv{X-Øns‚ Hcp D]-hn-`m-K-ambn
X®p- i m- k v { XsØ IW- ° m- ° mw. hmkv X p- i m- k v { X-
⁄sc ÿ]-Xn, kq{X-{Km-ln, X£I≥, h¿≤In
F∂n-ßs\ \membn XcwXncn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn¬
ÿ]Xn ˛ apJy hmkvXp-hn-Zym-hn-Z-Kv[-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
πm\pw IW-°p-Ifpw a‰pw Xøm-dm-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv Ct±-
l-am-bn-cp-∂p. kq{X-{Kmln ˛ ÿ]XnbpsS \n¿t±-i-
ßsf A\p-k-cn®v Ah {]tbm-K-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-
∂-Xn\v ta¬t\m´w hln-°p∂ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p. AXm-
bXv C∂sØ kq∏¿sshk-dnepw Db¿∂ ]Z-hn-bp≈
Hcmƒ. X£-I-\pw, h¿≤Inbpw tPmen-°m-cpsS hn`m-
K-am-bn-cp∂p (ap-dn-°¬, \n¿Ωm-Ww, XpS-ßn-b-h). X£-
I\pw h¿≤-Inbpw \n¿Ωn®v D]-tbm-Kn-®ncp∂ IW-°p-
I- f - S - ß nb imkv { X- i m- J - b mWv C∂- s Ø- X- ® p-
im-kv{Xw.
Hmtcm {]tZiØn\\p- k - c n®v _n¬Unßv
sa‰o-cn-b¬ amdptam?
Xo¿®-bm-bpw, B ÿesØ \n¿ΩmW hkvXp-
°-fpsS e`y-Xsb B{i-bn-®m-W-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn
Xr»q-cnepw ]cn-k-cØpw kpe-`-amb sh´p-I√pw CjvSn-
Ibpw h≥tXm-Xn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ip´-
\mSv XpS-ßnb {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ Krl-ß-fpsS Gdnb
]¶pw XSn-sIm-≠mWv \n¿Ωn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. AXm-bXv Ipd-
™-Nnehn¬ B {]tZ-iØv e`y-amb _n¬Unßv sa‰o-
cn-b¬kv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p.
C∂v hf-sc-b-[nIw N¿®-sN-ø-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp
hnj-b-am-Wt√m tIm¨{Io-‰ns‚ A\n-b-{¥n-X-amb
D]-tbm-Kw. Xm¶-fpsS ImgvN-∏mSn¬ \ΩpsS Krl-
\n¿ΩmW coXn°v tIm¨{Io‰v A\p- t bm- P y-
amtWm?
Hcp Krlw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xns‚ {][m\ Dt±iyw
AXyp-jvW-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXn-ssi-Xy-Øn¬\n∂pw
tamN\w \¬IpI F∂-Xm-W-t√m. AXm-bXv ]pd-Øp-
\n-∂p≈ NqSpw XWp∏pw Krl-Øn-\p-≈n-te°v "Trans-
mit' sNø-cp-Xv. Cu Dt±-iy-Øn-em-Wv hoSp-Iƒ ]≠pIm-
eØv "Plaster' sNøm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ "Concrete'
NqSv "Transmit' sNøp-∂p. X∑qew tIm¨{Io‰v hoSp-I-
fn¬ NqSv hf-sc-b-[n-I-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p Xs∂
tIm¨{Io‰v \ΩpsS ]cn-ÿn-Xn-°n-W-ßn-b-X-√.
Materials amdp- ∂ - X n- \ - \ p- k - c n®v hmkv X p-
imkv{Xw amdp-∂pt≠m?
C√. hmkvXp-hn-Zy-{]-Imcw "Material' GXp-X-s∂-
bm-bmepw Af-hp-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn-®mWv Krl-\n¿ΩmWw
\S-Øp-∂-Xv. Cu Af-hp-Iƒ Db-cw, Np‰-fhv XpS-ßn-b-
h-bm-Wv.
Krl-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v Np‰-f-hp-t]m-se-Xs∂
Db-c-Øn\pw {]m[m\yw Ds≠∂v tI´n-´p-≠v. CXp
icn-bmtWm?
AsX. Np‰-fhv IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ \mw B hkvXp-
hns‚ F√m hihpw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ Nph-cp-
I-fpsS Db-c- A-f-hp-Iƒ tN¿Øp In´p-∂Xpw as‰mcp
Np‰-f-hm-Wv. AXm-bXv Nph-cns‚ Dbcw IqSpw-tXmdpw
Np‰- f hpw IqSpw. hmkv X p- i m- k v { X- { ]- I mcw Hcp
KrlsØ \ne-\n¿Øp-∂Xv ]©-`q-X-ß-fm-Wv. (`q-an,
Pew, A·n, hmbp, BIm-iw) Ch-bn-tem-tcm-∂n\pw
{Ia-Øn¬ 3 3/4 tIm¬ hoXw Dbcw \nP-s∏-S-Øn-bn-
cn-°p-∂p. Krl-\n¿ΩmW ka-bØv Krl-Øns‚ Dbcw
A·n-bn-tem, Pe-Øntem \n¿Øm≥ ]mSn-√. AXv
tZmj-am-Wv. CsXm-gn-hm-°m≥ Dbcw Ipd®v Iq´-Ww.
F√m-Øcw _n¬Un-ßp-I-fnepw CXv D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.
World Trade Centre XI-cm-\p-≠mb Imc-W-
sØ-°p-dn®v hmkvXp-hn-Zym-]-c-
ambn Xm¶ƒ \S-Ønb Is≠- B
Ø- e p- I ƒ H∂v hni- Z o- I - c n- NE
°mtam?
apI-fn¬ ]d™ Db-c-]-cn[n
2 1
AhnsS ]men-®n-cp-∂n-√. (\n¿am-
Ww A·n-bn¬ Ah-km-\n-®p.) SW
c≠m- a - X mbn hmkvXp- h n- Z ym-
{]- I mcw Hcp ÿesØ \mev 3 4
JWvU-ß-fmbn (Nn-{Xw1) Xncn- C
®m¬ hoSp \n¿Ωn-t°-≠-Xv. sX. ]Sn-™m-dv. h. Ing°v
JWvU-ß-fn-em-Wv. Diagonal"BD' arXypkq{Xw F∂-dn-
b-s∏-Sp∂p. CXv IS∂p t]mIp∂ JWvU-ß-fn¬ Krlw
\n¿Ωn-°p-∂Xv A\p-tbm-Py-a-√. World Trade Centre
bpsS "Alignment' 2˛4 JWvU-ß-fn-em-bn-cp-∂p. CXpw
AXns‚ \mi-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn.
C∂v 2˛5 sk‚p-I-fn¬ hoSp-Iƒ hf-sc-b-[nIw
\n¿Ωn®p hcp- I - b m- W - t √m, CØcw hoSp- I - f n¬
hmkvXp Fßs\ D]-tbm-Kn°mw?
sNdnb ÿe-sØ "Square plot' B°n arXyp-
kq{Xw IW-°m-°p-tºmƒ, henb ÿesØ At]-
£n®v AXv Xosc sNdpXv (Negligible) Bbn-cn-°pw.
AXn-\m¬ B ÿe-Øns‚ a≤y`m-KØv hoSns‚
a≤yw (Centre of gravity) hcm-Øh -- Æw Krlw \n¿Ωn-
°mw.
`nØn \n¿ΩmWØn¬ hmkvXp tZmj-߃
Fßs\ ]cn-l-cn°mw?
KrlØns‚ a≤y- ` m- K Øv
`nØn h∂m¬ AXv imkv{X-{]-
Imcw tZmjw D≠m-Ipw. AXv ]cn-
l-cn-°m-\m-bn, `nØn s]mfn®p
am‰msX GsX- ¶ nepw hiØv G1 G2
sNdnb " Projection ' \¬Imw.
Cßs\ sNøpI hgn Np‰-fhpw,
a≤yhpw hyXy-ÿ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
]≠v ivaim\w D≠m-bn-cp∂ ÿeØv hoSp
\n¿Ωn-®m¬ tZmj-ap-t≠m?
D≠v, hmkvXp-im-kv{X-{]-Imcw hoSp ]Wn-bp∂
ÿeØv F√v D≠m-Ip-hm≥ ]mSn-√.
km[m- c - W - ° m¿°v hmkvXp- i m- k v{Xw
s]mXpsh {Kln- ° m≥ _p≤n- a p- ´ m- W t√m. CXv
km[m- c - W - ° m¿°p- I qSn a\-   n- e m- I - Ø ° coXn-
bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂ {KŸ-ß-fpt≠m?
km[mcW°m¿°v a\-   n- e m- ° m≥ hnj- a ap≈
`mj-bn-emWv hmkvXpimkv{X-{K-Ÿ-ßsfgp-Xn-bn-´p-≈-
Xv. Fs‚ A—s‚ A—s‚ A\p-P≥ "ImWn-∏-øq¿
i¶-c≥ \ºq-Xncn-cn-∏mSv' hmkvXp-hn-Zym-hn-Z-Kv≤-s\∂
\ne- b n¬ hfsc Ign- h p- s X- f n- b n® Hcm- f m- b n- c p∂p.
At±lw 19-˛-Hmfw hmkvXp-hn-Zym-{K-Ÿ-߃ "refer'
sNbvXv a\p-jy-cm-in°v {]tbm-P\ - s- ∏-Sp∂ {]am-Wß - ƒ
A am{Xw tN¿Øv hni-Z-amb "illustrations' Dƒs°m-≈n®v
Xøm-dm-°nb {KŸ-amWv "a\p-jym-eb N{µnI'.
]≠p≠mbn-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn
Cu ]pXnb ImeØv hmkvXp- i m- k v{X- Ø n\v
{]m[m\yw IqSp-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p-∂pt≠m?
Aßns\ ]d-bm≥ ]‰n-√. ImcWw H∂v, {Kma-߃
tI{µo-I-cn®p \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ aqØm»mcn k¶ev]w
C√m-Xm-bn. AXp-t]mseØs∂ Iq´p-Ip-Spw-_-hy-h-
D ÿnXn amdn AWp-Ip-Spw-_-am-bn, P\-kw-Jy-bnepw
h¿≤-\-hp-≠m-bn. Ch-sc√mw kzm`mhn-I-ambpw Bh-
iy-°m-cp-am-bn.
Krl-Øn\pNp‰pw hcm-hp∂ hr£-ß-sf-°p-
dn®p ]d-bp∂ Imcy-߃°v B[mcw?
AXv, Hmtcm achpw Fßs\ Krl-Ønse A[n-
hm-ksØ kzm[o-\n-°p∂p F∂p h®m-Wv. `qan-bnse
33
 Hmtcm- ∂ n\pw kzm[o- \ - i ‡n ASn- ÿ m- \ - s ∏- S p- Ø n-
bmhmw ]≠v B \nK- a - \ - Ø n¬ FØn- t ®¿∂- X v .
s]m∂p-Im-bv°p∂ hr£-am-bmepw Krl-Øn\v ASp-Øp-
h-bv°-cpXv F∂ \n_-‘-\-Ifpw D≠v. Krl-Øn\v apI-
fn¬ hog-cpXv, AXp-Xs∂.
hmkvXp {]Imcw Krlw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xns‚
{]m[m\yw?
{][m-\-ambpw hkn-°p-∂-h¿°v Bbp-cm-tcm-Ky-
kuJyw D≠mIpw F∂-Xm-Wv. as‰mcp hn[-Øn¬ ]d-
™m¬ A-im-kv{Xob \n¿Ωn-Xn-Iƒ aqew Nne tZmj-
߃ \mw hnfn-®p-h-cp-Øp-∂p.
ASp-°f Ing-°p-`m-K-Øp-Xs∂ hc-W-sa∂
\n_-‘\ Dt≠m?
C√, Ings° wing˛tem, hSt° wing-˛tem thW-
sat∂ D≈q. \ap°v choice D≠v, {]tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn®v
AsX-ßns\ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p∂p F∂-Xn-emWv Imcyw
Civil Engineering˛ F∂ C{X henb Hcp
imkv{X-sØ-°p-dn®v, AXns‚ Dev]-Øn-°p-Im-c-W-
am-bn-cp∂ ASn-ÿm\ Imc-Wßsf°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-
hn- √ msX As√- ¶ n¬ ASn- ÿ m- \ - a n- √ m- s X- b mW v
engg. hnZym¿∞nIƒ ]Tn-®p-t]m-hp-∂Xv F∂v Aßv
Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m?
AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v College˛¬ ]Tn-
∏n-®n-cps∂¶n¬ Aev]w IqSn Bg-Øn-tebv°v Nn¥n-
°p-am-bn-cp-∂p. \n¿Ωm-Ww Ft∏mgpw `qan-bn¬Xs∂
Bbn-cn-°-Ww. Fhn-sSbpw `qan-bn¬ amf-߃ D≠m°n
\mw \ΩpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I. AXn¬
\n∂m-Wt√m a\p-jy≥ Db-cp-∂Xv. AXv th≠ hn[-
Øn-em°n Xo¿°-emWv {][m\w. AXn\v \aps°mcp
Intuition D≠m-h-Ww. {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv {]m¿∞n-°p-I.
]g- b - i m- k v { X- ß - f psS A¥- k - Ø - I - s f√mw AXp-
t]mse ]Wv U n- X - ∑ m- c psS Z¿i- \ - ß - f m- W v , AXv
Dƒs°m≠v \oßp-I.
bphm-°-fmb F≥Pn-\o-b¿am-tcm-Sp≈ Aß-
bpsS D]-tZiw?
`qan°v \ne-\nev]v thW-sa-¶n¬ {]Ir-Xn-°-\p-tbm-
Py-amb \o°-amWv th≠-Xv. AXv GXp- im-kv{X-am-
bmepw \n߃ \n¿Ωn-°p-tºmƒ B coXn sIm≠v
a\pjy¿°pw {]Ir-Xn°pw Hcp-t]mse KpWw D≠m-h-
Ww. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ]g-b-Im-eØv AXn-\p-hn-cp-≤-
ambn sNøp- t ºmƒ AXp sNøp- ∂ - h ¿°p- I qSn
AXns‚ tZmjw Ds≠∂p ]d- b p- ∂ - X v . At∏mƒ
Ah-cXv sNøn-√.
imkv{X-߃ XΩn¬ tbmPn-∏n®p `qan-bnse Bhm-
k-hy-h-ÿ-bv°n-W-ßp∂ coXn-Iƒ \Ωƒ kzoI-cn-t°-
≠-Xm-Wv. \n߃ bphm-°-fn-emWv F√m-h¿°pw {]Xo-
£. ]pXnb -h-gnIfn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-∂-h-cmWv bphm-
°ƒ. F∂m¬ C∂v ]pXn-b -hgnIfn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-
Ibpw ]g-b-Xn-te°v Gsd {i≤n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
AsXmcp \√ e£-W-ambn Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. AXn\p
tIm´w X´msX kq£n- ® m¬ \ΩpsS `qansb
CXpt]mse Xs∂ \ap-s°s∂∂pw \ne-\n¿Ømw.

?
kzc£ t\Sp∂ Pohn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw \ap-°p≈ Hcp
hyXymkw \map-≠m-°p∂ Krl-ßf - psS LS-\m-]c
- a
- mb
hyXymkw am{X-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Hmtcm {]tZ-
i-ß-fnepw Ahn-S∂v e`y-am-Ip∂ material D]-tbm-Kn®v
hoSp-]-Wn-bp-tºmƒ AXp `qan-bpsS Xs∂ `mK-ambn
Xocp-∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv {]mtZ-in-I-amb \n¿-ΩmW
kma{Kn-I-fpsS {]m[m\yw. C∂v CsXm∂pw Nn¥n-°m≥
Ah- k - c - a n- √ . ]t£ tImgnt°- m Sv Regional Engg.
College ¬ Ah-km\ h¿jw Hcp t]∏dmbn
hmkvXpimkv{Xw ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp-t]m-se-
Xs∂ Bd-∑pf hmkvXp-hn-Zym-Kp-cp-Ip-e-Øn¬
F≥Pn-\o-b¿am¿°v th≠n Refresher Course
\S-Øp-∂p-≠v.
hmkv X p- h n- Z ym- { ]- I m- c - a p≈ Xm¶- f psS
{][m\ s{]mP-IvSp-Iƒ GsXm-s°-bmWv?
sIm®n A¥mcmjv{Shn-am-\-Ømhfw ˛ s\Sp-
ºm- t »cn loc- h m- k v X p- { Km- a w˛ Fd- W m- I pfw,
temI-Ønse G‰hpw henb _n¬Unw-Kv - Noida
City Centre - 160 floors (CXns‚ ]Wn ]ptcm-K-
an-°p-∂p).
k¿, R߃ Cu h¿jw {]Im-i\w
sNøm- \ p- t ±- i n- ° p∂ amK-   ns‚ t]cv
""AkvXnXz'' F∂m- W v. AXn- t e- ° mbn
Xm¶fpsS ktµiw F¥mWv?

34
PROF
PROF.. P.R
.R.. CHANDRASHEKHARAN NAIR
P.R
Head of Department, Instrumentation
College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Veterinary
Mannuthy
ARJUN SANKAR S5 AE, DEEPAK K. V. S5 AE,
ACME FRANCIS S5 AE, MOHAMMED AFSAL S3 AE
C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ F∂ imkv{X-im-J-bpsS ]T\w
]q¿Æ-am-hp-∂Xv CXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ b{¥-ß-fpw, D]-
I- c - W - ß fpw a‰pw t\cn´v ImWp- I bpw Ah- b psS
{]h¿Ø\w hy‡-ambn a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn-
eq-sS-bm-Wv. C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j\p-ambn _‘-s∏´ D]-I-c-
W-߃ tIc-f-Øn¬ A]q¿∆w Nne ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬am-
{Xta \ap°p ImWm≥ km[n°q. AXn-\m¬Xs∂ Ah-
sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T\w A{]m-]y-amWv F∂v tXm∂n-Øp-S-
ßnb Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv tIc-f- Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-
im-e-bpsS Iogn-ep≈ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ hn`mKw Rß-
fpsS {i≤sb BI¿jn-®-Xv.
Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈
tImtfPv Hm^v sh‰-dn\dn B‚ v A\n-a¬ kb≥kknse
C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ hn`mKw ta[mhn s{]m^. ]n.-B¿. N{µ-
ti-J-c≥\m-b¿ Rß-fpsS A`y¿∞\ am\n®v Rß-fp-
ambn Hcp A`n- a p- J - Ø n\v k∂- ≤ X {]I- S n- ∏ n®p.
At±-l-tØmSv R߃ tNmZn-®-dn™ Nne {][m-\-s∏´
Imcy-ß-fmWv C\n Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j\pambn
Fßns\ _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p?
Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn-ep-≈Xv C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-
js‚ D]-im-J-I-fmb A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-
j\pw, _tbm-sa-Un-°¬ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j-\pamWv.
CXn¬Øs∂ {][m-\-ambpw A\-e-‰n-°¬
C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j- \ p- a mbn _‘- s ∏´ D]- I - c - W - ß -
fmWv Chn-sS-bp-≈-Xv.
F¥mWv A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥?
A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ F∂Xv hnhn-[-Xcw
hkvXp°fpsS LS-\-bpw, Ah-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-
°p∂ a‰p ]e ]Zm¿∞-ßsf I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-Ibpw
Ahsb th¿Xn-cn-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ {]{In-b-
Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp∂ ]T-\-im-J-bm-Wv. ck-X-{¥-hp-ambn
hf-sc-b-[nIw _‘-ap≈ Hcp imkv{X-im-J-bmWv
CXv.
Im¿jnI k¿∆- I - e m- i m- e - b n¬ A\- e - ‰ n- ° ¬
C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ F¥n-\mWv?
Im¿jnI k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bnse {][m\ LS-I-ß-
fmWv aÆv, kky-߃, hf¿Øp-ar-K-߃ XpS-ßn-
bh. Ch-bpsS ]cn-tim-[-\bv°pw, ]T-\-߃°pw
th≠n-bmWv A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kv{S-a-t‚-j≥ ]co-
£-W-ime D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.-
A\- e - ‰ n- ° ¬ C≥kv { Ssa- t ‚- j ≥ at‰- s Xms°
imkv{X-ß-fpsS klm-b-tØm-sS-bmWv \ne-sIm-
≈p-∂Xv?
A\- e - ‰ n- ° ¬ C≥kv { S- a - t ‚- j ≥ D]- t bm- K n- ° p∂
b{¥-ßfpw D]-I-c-W-ßfpw an°-hbpw kvs]Ivt{Sm-
kv t Im- ] nbpsSbpw kv t ]Iv t {Smt^mt´m- s a- { Sn- b p-
sSbpw ASn- ÿ m\ XXz- ß sf B[m- c - a m°n
{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.
A\-e-‰n-°¬ C≥kv{Ssa-t‚-j≥ D]-I-c-W-߃
kv s ]Iv t {Sm- k v t Im- ] n- b p- s Sbpw kv s ]Iv t {Sm
t^mt´m-sa{Sn-bp-sSbpw XXz-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am°n
{]h¿Øn- ° p- ∂ - h - b m- s W∂v kqNn- ∏ n- ® p- h - t √m.
F¥mWv kvs]Ivt{Sm-kvtIm∏n?
Hcp hkvXp {]Im-i-Øn-t\mtSm a‰p Inc-W-ß-tfmtSm
s]cp-am-dp∂ coXn-Isf Bkv]-Z-am°n B hkvXp-
hn- s \- ° p- d n- ® p≈ ]T- \ - s Ø- b mWv kv s ]- I v t {Sm-
kvtIm∏n F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
]co- £ - W - i m- e - b nse D]- I - c - W - ß ƒ ]cn- N - b -
s∏-Sp-Ømtam?
1. BZy- a mbn ªUv A\- s se- k ¿, a\p- j y- s ‚bpw
CX- c - P o- h n- I - f p- t Sbpw c‡sØ hf- s c- b - [ nIw
kq£va-ambn ]Tn-°p-hm-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-amWv CXv.
CXns‚ klm- b - t ØmsS c‡- Ø nse cmk- ] -
Zm¿∞-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hy‡-amb Hcp [mcW \ap°v
e`n- ° p- ∂ p. ChnsS D]- t bm- K n- ° p∂ kmt¶- X nI
35
 hnZy, c‡-Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ ]Zm¿∞-߃
hnZyp-XvIm-¥nI Xcw-K-ß-tfmSv Fßns\ {]Xn-I-
cn- ° p∂p F∂ ]T- \ sØ Bkv ] - Z - a m°n c‡-
Øn¬ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ LS-I-ßsf Is≠-Øp-
Ibpw Ahsb th¿Xn-cn-s®-SpØv IqSp-X¬ ]T-\-
߃ \S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv.
2. ASp- Ø - X mbn sPs\- k nkv kv s ]Iv t {Sm- a o- ‰ ¿
F∂ D]-I-c-W-am-Wv. Cu D]-I-cWw Hcp hkvXp-
hn¬ A-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ X∑m-{X-Isf I≠p-]n-Sn-
°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
Cu D]- I - c Ww c≠p Xc- a p- ≠ v . H∂v knwKnƒ
_oapw as‰m∂v U_nƒ _oapw. knwKnƒ _oan¬
]co-£-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p∂ hkvXp Hcp emb-
I- Ø n¬ ebn- ∏ n- ® - X n\p tij- a mWv ]co- £ - W -
Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°p-∂Xv F∂m¬ U_nƒ _oan¬
emb-I-hpw- h-kvXphpw c≠pw c≠m-bn-Øs∂ h®p-
sIm-≠mWv ]co-£Ww \S-Øp-∂-Xv.
Cu D]-I-c-W-Øns‚ as‰mcp {]tXy-I-X-sb∂p
]d-bp-∂Xv CXn¬ LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Hcp {]n‚¿
]co- £ W- Ø n\p hnt[- b - a m- ° nb hkv X p- h ns‚
Ãm≥tU¿Uv I¿hp-Iƒ {]n‚ v sNbvXp Xcp-∂p.
CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ I¿hp-Iƒ a\p-jy≥ hc-bv°p-I-
bm- s W- ¶ n¬ AXv hf- s c- b - [ nIw {ia- I - c - a mb
tPmen-bm-Wv.
3. ASp-ØXv t^mdn-b¿ {Sm≥kt^mw I R kvs]Ivt{Sm
ao‰-dm-Wv. CXn¬ a‰p-]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬\n∂pw hyXy-
kvX-ambn Lc, {Zmh-I, hmXI ]Zm¿∞-ß-sf-√mw-
Xs∂ ]co-£-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°m\pw ]Tn-°p-
hm\pw km[n-°p-∂p.
I R Xcw-K-߃°v Du¿÷w Ipd-hm-b-Xp-Im-cWw
Ah IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂ ]Zm¿∞-ß-fnse Ce-Ivt{Sm-
Wp- I sf Db¿∂ Du¿÷- a p≈ Xe- ß - f n- t e°v
FØn- ° m≥ Ign- b p- I - b n√, adn®v Ce- I v t {Sm- W p-
Iƒ°v hnhn- [ - X cw ÿm\- { `w- i - ß ƒ kw`hn-
°p∂p. Ah Xncn-bp-I-bpw, hnd-bv°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p. Ce-Ivt{Sm-Wp-I-fpsS CØcw kz`m-h-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw X∑m-{X-tb-XmsW∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ km[n-
°p-∂p. aÆv ]cn-tim-[-\-bv°mWv {][m-\-ambpw
Cu D]-I-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.
Cu D]-I-c-W-tØmSv LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Iºyq-´¿,
]co- £ - W - Ø ns‚ ^e- ß sf hfsc hne- I q- S nb
tkm^v‰vshb-dp-I-fpsS klm-b-Øm¬ A]-{K-Yn®v
t^mdn-b¿ {Sm≥kvt^mw D]-tbm-Kn®v {Km^p-Iƒ
hc-bv°p-Ibpw {]n‚¿ hgn ]pd-tØ°v e`y-am-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
4. ASpØ D]-I-c-Ww UV kvs]Ivt{Smao-‰¿ BWv.
t^mdn-b¿ {Sm≥kvt^mw I R kvs]Ivt{Smao‰-dns\
At]-£n®v Cu D]-I-c-W-Øn\v IrXyX Ipd-hm-
36
sW-¶n-epw, D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm-\p≈ kuI-cyhpw Ffp-
∏hpw IW-°n-se-SpØv C∂v CXv [mcm-f-ambn D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂p. {Zmh-I-߃ am{Xta Cu D]-Ic-W-
Øn¬ ]co-£-Whn-t[-b-am-°m≥ Ign-bq. UV Xcw-
K-߃°v I R Xcw-K-ßsf°mƒ Du¿÷w IqSp-X-
em- b p- ≈ - X p- s Im≠v Ah- k m\ Hm¿_n- ‰ nse Ce-
Ivt{Sm-Wp-Isf Db¿∂ Du¿÷-ap≈ Xe-ß-fn-te-
s°- Ø n- ° m≥ UV Xcw- K - ß ƒ Hcp ]Zm¿∞- Ø n-
eqsS IS- Ø n- h n- S pI hgn km[n- ° p- ∂ p. CØ- c -
Øn¬ B¿÷n® A[nI Du¿÷w
CeIvt{SmWpIƒ ]pd-tØ°v hnSp∂ tXmXns\
B[m-c-am°n X∑m-{X-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw km[n-
°p-∂p.
]®-a-cp-∂p-Ifpw ]®n-e-Ifpw a‰pw CØ-c-Øn¬ ]T-
\-Øn\p hnt[-b-am-°pI hgn Ah `£-W-tbm-Ky-
amtWm F∂-dn-bm≥ km[n-°p-∂p.
5. ASp- Ø - X mbn sP¬ tUmIyp- s a- t ‚- j ≥ knÃw
]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ømw. Cu D]-I-cWw sIm≠v Hcp
hkvXp-hn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂ X∑m-{X-Isf th¿Xn-cn-
°m\pw sP√ns‚ km∂n≤yw Xncn-®-dn-bm\pw km[n-
°p-∂p. CXn¬ LSn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ Iymad
hkv X phns‚ Nn{Xw FSp- ° p- I bpw Cu Nn{Xw
ssat{Im-t{]m-k-kdpw Iºyq-´dpw tN¿∂v A]-{K-Yn®v
X∑m-{X-Iƒ th¿Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sP¬ Xncn-®-dn-bp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
6. Ah-km-\-ambn Aƒ{Smssl sk≥{Sn-^yqPv ]cn-
N- b - s ∏- S p- Ø mw. Cu D]- I - c - W - Ø n- \ p- ≈ n¬ h®v
]Zm¿∞sØ Db¿∂ thK-X-bn¬ Id-°p-I-bmWv
sNøp-∂-Xv. Cu {]{In-b-bn-eqsS skUn-sa-t‚-j≥
kw`-hn-°p-∂p. skUn-sa-t‚-js‚ `mK-ambn e`n®
]Zm¿∞-ßsf kq£va ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v hnt[-b-
am-°p-∂p. Cu D]-I-cWw hfsc A]-I-S-Im-cn-bm-
Wv. IrXy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\-dn-bm-hp∂ Hcmsf
am{Xta Cu D]-I-cWw D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ A\p-h-Zn-
°p-I-bp-≈q. ImcWw {]h¿Ø\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ Hcp
a¨Xcn CXn¬\n∂pw ]pd-tØ°p h∂m¬
AXn\v shSn- b p- ≠ - t b- ° mƒ thK- X bpw Db¿∂
Du¿÷-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.
]pdØv Kth-jW hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ ]co-£-W-
im-e-bn-te°p {]th-in-°m≥ ImØp \n¬°p∂p
R߃°v A\p- h - Z n® kabw Xo¿∂n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
At±-l-tØmSv Rß-fpsS \µnbpw IS-∏mSpw tcJ-
s∏-SpØn ]co-£-W-im-e-bn¬\n∂p R߃ ]pd-
Øn-d-ßn. {]IrXn `wKn-bm-epw, A¥-co-£-Øns‚
im¥-X-bmepw sh‰dn-\-dn- tIm-tfPv Iymº-kn-eq-
sS- b p≈ k©mcw hfsc BkzmZy- a m- b n- c p∂p.
Ipsd-b-[nIw t^mt´m-Ifpw FSpØv R߃ B
Iem-e-b-tØmSp hnS ]d-™p.
?
 ˛ H cp B ap Jw
{io. Sn. B¿. N{µ-Z-Øp-ambn Hcp A`n-apJw
RENUKA C. S. S3 CE, SUJITH P. S. S3 CE
ASVATHY HARINARAYANAN S3 CE
1985 ¬ BZ-c-Wo-b-\mb {io. kn. A®p-X-ta-t\m-
s‚- b pw, tUm. Sn. B¿. N{µ- Z - Ø n- s ‚- b pw, tUm.
sI. F≥. cmP-s‚-bpw, temdn-s_-°-dp-sSbpw Iq´mb
{]h¿Ø- \ - Ø ns‚ `mK- a mbn cq]w sIm≠
" COSTFORD ' AYhm " Centre Of Science and
Technology For Rural Development' F∂ kwL-S\
]ptcm-K-a-\-hm-Zn-I-fmb ae-bm-fn-I-fpsS Nn¥Itfbpw
Pohn-X-ssi-en-tbbpw Hcp-t]mse kzm[o-\n-®, Ct∏mgpw
kzm[o\n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Hcp-]mSp Bi-b-ß-fpsS
hnf-\n-e-am-Wv. kwL-S\ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-SpØ _Z¬
kmt¶--XnI hnZy ]cs° {]Nmcw t\Sn-bn-´p≠v.
tUm. Sn. B¿. N{µ-Z-Øp-ambn \S-Ønb Hcp A`n-
ap-J-kw-`m-j-W-Øns‚ {]kv‡-`m-KßfmWv Xmsg
sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xv.
k¿, tImÃvt^m¿Uv F∂ kwLS-\-bpsS
cq]n-I-c-W-Øn\p tlXp-hmb ]›m-Øew F¥m-
bn-cp∂p?
"Appropriate Technology for Rural Development'
F∂ hnj-bsØ Bkv]Z- a - m°n \S∂ Hcp hnZym-`ymk
{]Z¿i\w ImWm≥ FØn-b-h-cn¬\n∂v e`n® {]Xn-
I-cW- sØ Bkv]Z- a - m°n \S-Ønb At\z-jW - ß- f
- n¬
\n∂v cq]w sIm≠-XmWv tImÃvt^m¿Uv.
kwL-S-\-bpsS BZy-Ime {]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-
°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°mtam?
B[p-\nI imkv{X-km-t¶-XnI hnZy-I-sfbpw ]pcm-
X\ k{º-Zm-b-ß-sfbpw tN¿Øn-W-°n-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp
_Z¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy°v cq]w sImSp-°pI, AXp-hgn
Pt\m-]-tbm-K-{]-Z-am-b, {]Ir-Xn-tbmSv CW-ßp∂ Hcp
]pØ≥ Pohn-X-ssi-en°v XpS°w Ipdn-°pI F∂
Dt±iyw h®p- s Im- ≠ mWv R߃ {]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ
Bcw-`n-®-Xv. {]Xn-^-te—tbmSp-IqSn {]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-
´n´p≈ \ne-hn-ep≈ k{º-Zm-b-߃ aqew D≠mb {Kma-
˛-\-Kc A¥-chpw kv{Xo˛-]p-cp-j-t`-Z-hpw, kaq-l-Øns‚
KXn-hn-K-Xn-Isf kmc-ambn kzm[o-\n-°m≥ X° Icp-
Øm¿÷n- ® n- c n- ° p- ∂ p. R߃ ]n¥p- S - c p- ∂ coXn
(1) {]iv \ - ß sf Xncn- ® - d n- b pI ( Identification ),
(2) AXn\p ]nd-In-ep≈ hkvXp-XI - sf NnIs™SpØp
tNmZyw sNøpI (Interpretation), (3) Imem-\p-kr-Xa - mbn
Ahbv°p am‰-߃ hcp-tØ-≠-Xpt≠m F∂p ]cn-tim-
[n-°p-I, Ds≠∂v ImWp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AsX-ßs\
F∂p Is≠-ØpI (Innovation).
Hcp DZm-l-cWw?
{]mtZ-in-I-ambn e`y-amb hkvXp-°-fp-]-tbm-Kn-
®psIm≠p≈ "Corehouse' (k¿°m¿ A\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≈
Rs. 6000/- sIm≠v) \n¿Ωm-Ww. DZm-lc - W
- a
- m-bn, Xr»q¿
Pn√-bn¬ kpe-`-am-bn-´p≈ aÆn¬, IcnHmbnepw bqdn-
b-bn¬ AS-ßn-bn-´p≈ Nne [mXp-°fpw tN¿Øm¬
NnX-em-{I-a-WsØ sNdp-°p∂Xpw aÆns‚ _e-°p-
d-hns\ ]cn-l-cn-°p-∂Xpw Bb Hcp \n¿ΩmW hkvXp-
hm-Ipw. Ccp-\q-tdmfw "sUsam' bqWn-‰p-Iƒ ]e-ÿ-
e-ß-fn-embn Hcp-°n.
`mc- X - Ø n¬ \ne- h n- e p≈ \n¿ΩmW
coXnbpw _Z¬ kmt¶-XnI hnZybpw XΩn-ep≈
A¥-c-sa-¥mWv?
\ne-hn-ep≈ \n¿ΩmW coXn-bn¬ ]mgvsN-e-hp-Iƒ
[mcm-f-ap-≠v. \n¿Ωn-°m≥ Ah-ew-_n-°p∂ IS tImUp-
Iƒ F√m {]tZ-i-ß-tfbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-sIm-≠p≈
icm-i-cn-bn¬\n∂v cq]w sIm≠-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬
_Z¬ kmt¶- X n- I - h nZy {]tZ- i - ß - f psS `ua- ] - c n-
ÿnXnI {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-am-bn-´mWv \n¿Ωm-
W-coXn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn ASn-Ød
H‰ \ne-sI-´n-S-Øn\v "Corrogated'11.43cm (4 1/2'')
`nØn-bpw, c≠p \ne-sI-´n-S-Øn\v "Combination mortar'
37
 (Np-Æm-ºv, kna‚ v, aW¬) D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠p≈
"rat-trap bonding'˛Dw(22.86 cm thickness) BWv \¬Im-
dp-≈X - v. Plastering˛\p ]Icw "patch-painting'˛Dw kzIm-
cy- X bv ° p {]m[m- \ y- a n- √ mØ ÿe- ß fn¬ P\- e p-
Iƒ°p ]Icw " Brick Jali'bpamWv D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dv.
D]-tbm-K-iq-\y-amb "MP-tile' sIm≠p≈ filler-slab
BWv ta¬°q-cbv°v sImSp-°m-dp-≈-Xv. Ipfn-ap-dn-bpsS
Xd-bnepw Npa-cnepw sImSp-°p-∂Xv "waste marble
chips'˛Hm "traditional marble finish'˛Hm BWv. hoSn-
t\mSv A\p-_-‘n®v "Leach toilet'˛Dw "Compost pit'˛Dw
\n¿Ωn-°m-dp-≠v. ]pdsa°p≈ hmXn-ep-Iƒ am{Xsa
Dd-t∏-dn-b-Xm-°m-dp-≈p. ap‰hpw ]cn-k-chpw tIm¨{Io-
‰v sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\pw, "drip irrigation' hym]n-∏n-°p-
∂-Xn\pw Bb {]h¿Ø-\-߃°v tImÃvt^m¿Uv
t{]m’m-l\w \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. aW¬hm-c¬ Ipd-bv°m≥
Costford M-sand s‚ D]-tbm-KsØ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.
]q¥p-d, A´-∏m-Sn, X¶-t»cn, sN¶¬Nqf
F∂o ]p\x-c-[n-hmk ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS Bhn-jvI-cW
thf-bn¬ D]-tbm-Kn® \qX-\-hn-Zy-Iƒ Fs¥-√m-am-
bn-cp∂p?
]q¥p-d-bnse `h-\-߃ hrØm-Ir-Xn-bn-ep-≈Xpw
Im‰ns‚ KXn-°-\p-kr-X-ambn P\-ep-Ifpw hmXn-ep-Ifpw
sImSp-Øn-´p-≈-Xp-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ sNdnb
tXmXn-ep≈ {]IrXn t£m`-ßsf Chbv°p {]Xn-tcm-
[n- ° m≥ Ign- b p- ∂ - X mbn Imew sXfn- b n- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v .
F∂m¬ A´-∏m-Sn-bn¬ `h-\-ß-fpsS \n¿ΩmW coXn-
bnepw LS-\-bnepw hyXym-k-ap-≠v. sN¶¬Nq-f-bn¬
aq∂p-\n-e-Ifp≈ sI´n-S-ß-fmWv \n¿Ωn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
AhnsS ASn- Ø - d - b nepw ]mc- ∏ - ‰ n- e pw, NnX- e m- { I- a -
WsØ sNdp- ° m≥ Icn- H m- b n¬ sImSp- Ø n- ´ p- ≠ v .
X¶t»-cn-bn¬ "Surface beam'˛Dw D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p≠v.
Beam˛\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv sXßns‚ XSnbpw
apf-bp-am-Wv.
_lp- \ nesI´n- S - \ n¿ΩmW taJ- e - b n¬
\n∂pw tImÃvt^m¿Uv hn´p-\n¬°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Imc-
W-sa-¥mWv?
aq∂p \ne- I - f n¬ IqSp- X - e p≈ sI´n- S - ß - f n¬
"Vertical Transportation' Bbn en^v‰v Bh-iy-ambn
hcpw. en^v‰v ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv hfsc Nne-th-dnb Imcy-
am-Wv.
H‰ t\m´-Øn¬ tImÃvt^m¿Uv \n¿ΩnX
sI´n- S - ß sf a‰p sI´n- S - ß - f n¬ \n∂pw thdn´p
\n¿Øp-∂-sX-¥mWv?
AXns‚ A\-\y-Xbpw X∑-b-Xzhpw.
sI´n-S-ß-fpsS Cu A\-\y-Xbpw X\n-abpw
\ne-\n¿Øp-∂-Xn-\mbn tImÃvt^m¿Uv Ah-ew-_n-
°p∂ am¿§-ß-sf-s¥-√m-amWv?
Bh-iy-°m-cpsS CjvSw, AX-\p-k-cn®v Ah-cpsS
PohnX coXn-Iƒ°pw Z¿i-\-߃°pw A\p-Kp-W-amb
38
coXn-bn¬ cq]-tcJ Xøm-dm-°pw. \n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚
Hmtcm L´-ß-fnepw DS-a-ÿs‚ ]q¿Æ ]¶m-fnØw
R߃ i- T n- ° m- d p- ≠ v . \n¿Ωm- W - { ]- h ¿Ø- \ - Ø n¬
G¿s∏-´n-´p≈ ]Wn-°m-cpsS B¿÷n-X-⁄m\sØ
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≠v. \n¿Ωm-W-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬
A©p]Wn-°m-cp-s≠-¶n¬ Bdm-a-\mbn {]h¿Øn-°p-
∂Xv F©n-\o-b-dm-Wv. ]Wn-°m-cpsS know-how Dw
F©n-\o-bd - psS know-why Dw tN¿Øn-W° - n-sIm-≠p≈
Iq´mb {]h¿Ø\w KpW- t a- ∑ sb \ne- \ n¿Øm≥
klm-bn-°p-∂p.
tImÃvt^m¿Uns‚ kmaq-ly-tk-h-\-ß-sf-
s¥-√m-amWv?
(a) Advocacy
(b) Empowering poor communities
(c) Research
(d) Local level development and planning
(e) Multidisciplinary technical support teams
(f) Transfer of technology
(g) Human resource development
(h) Studies and dissemination of information
(i) Training to masons, students and professionals
in appropriate building technology
ktµiw
At\z-jWw XpS-cp-I. _Z¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-hnZy Hcp
H‰-aq-en-b-√. P\-߃s°m-∏w, P\߃°pth-≠n, P\-
ß-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn, Ah-cpsS {]iv\-ßsf kz¥w {]iv\-
ambn I≠v {]Ir-Xnsb s\mº-c-s∏-Sp-ØmsX Ah ]cn-
l- c n- ° m≥ \n߃ B¿÷n- ° p∂ kmt¶- X nI
]cn⁄m\w D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. \nß-fpsS ]T\w Hcp
{]tXy-I-im-J-bn¬ am{X-ambn HXp°n \n¿Øm-Xn-cn-
°p- I , kmaq- l nI ]cn- h ¿Ø- \ - Ø ns‚ `mK- a mbn
XocpI, Hcp ]pXnb Pohn-X-coXn I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ {ian-
°p-I.
""Instead of being civil engineers alone
try to become social engineers ''.
?
 An interview with Mr
Mr.. DILEEP
-Pracoss Software Solutions, Palakkad
ABHISHA FRANCIS S5 CS, JYOTHI RAJAMOHANAN S3 CS,
VIVEK PALAKOT BALAKRISHNAN MENON S1S2 CS
Sir
Sir,, could you kindly give us an account
about PPracoss
racoss and the idea behind it?
Pracoss TTechnologies
echnologies Pvt. Ltd.
Ltd., formally
Netlink, is an organization operating through
its own business procedures with specialized
teams for all aspects of development solutions.
The company is moving rapidly towards
becoming a one-stop-shop for comprehensive
software solutions. Our mission is to provide
the full spectrum of software management
and development services to our clients
through the total commitment of our staff and
resources, while maintaining the integrity of the
organizations that retain us and our industry’s
professional standards of practice.
What are the services that you offer
here?
We offer services across the entire band of
the e-commerce spectrum viz. strategic
consulting, technology development, with
creative approach. If you take software domain
as a whole, there are 4 domain areas of
activities.
1. Web Enabled Solutions - Consultancy for
corporates who want to establish or re-establish
their presence in the market through web based
services.
2. Application Software Development -
Develop ERP packages, which runs on solid
networks to cater to the entire organizational
requirements.
3. Multimedia Solutions - Creating multi- media
solutions with international class which displays
all the dimensions of creativity.
4. IT PProfessional
rofessional Services - Study the IT related
requirements and put you in the right track to
achieve your goals.
Can you tell us about your client base?
As a whole we provide intelligence solutions
to customers like Railways.
Please comment on your technological
projects?
Regarding technologies, we have RFID
(Radio Frequency Identifier) consisting of RF tags
with a tag reader. There will be a unique code
which detects, reads and displays your
information. You can program all data into tags
and basically it is a small device. You can take
an example of a library with 50,000 books and
if you want to know where one book is, you
have a tag stuck on the book and a code for a
particular book and in the system you have to
search for the code. Then the system will tell
you exactly in which shelf the particular book is
placed. This software is made applicable in
stores for recording inventory, vehicle high speed
detectors etc. Other projects are Touch screen
and Biometrics in which thumb impression is
made in security devices instead of swap cards.
With software development being the
latest trend, a lot of hardware engineers
39
 are shifting over to the software field.
Do you consider this a healthy trend?
You can’t have totally hardware people
going for software because both are an
integrated methodology. I can say it differently
that nowadays many corporates are going for
single point integrated solutions. A hardware
person needs to know the software side also.
For example being a company representative,
he has to present both the issues when called
upon by clients. Hence both areas are very solid.
What are the developments in Mobile
segment?
Animations in mobile segment is another
upcoming field. There are companies in Hong
Kong and Malaysia, which select songs and
convert them into polyphonic sounds and sell
to service providers. But what we do is video
files of cartoon characters like Tintin, Tom and
Jerry, Dennis The Menace which is basically for
US customers.
Software export is earning us consi derable
considerable
foreign exchange, in what way is your
company contributing to this aspect?
We have a very good base in the Middle
East markets. This year we are doing projects
in the US markets mainly on net based
applications.
How do you compete with the corporate
giants like Infosys, Wipro, Microsoft etc.
for retaining talented software
professionals?
Retention of manpower in software
companies is important. First impression you get
carried away is the salary part. Apart from that,
there are people, who resign and come out of
these corporate giants due to various reasons.
Giving them different projects, exposure,
updated technologies, we will be able to retain/
attract manpower.
Do you think computerization will lead
to unemployment?
It is not the question of losing the job.
Suppose if there is one task which was done by
ten people, the computerization system makes
it easier and it can be done by two people,
while the rest eight can be given new tasks or
40
projects. It doesn’t bring about any
unemployment but adds values and
opportunities.
Many companies are interested in
recruiting experienced hands; will this
affect the job opportunities of freshers?
The companies want to execute the project
in the quickest way possible. Definitely they
cannot afford to take some trainees, develop
them and ask them to do the projects. But
there are companies like ours, which take
certain percentage of freshers and develop
them gradually.
What about the views of your company
regarding campus recruitments? Are
you already in this process?
Definitely, we are planning to have
campus interviews because we are just
expanding out here.
What futuristic technologies do you
foresee in the area of Computer
Science?
Software is going to be the future for
tomorrow. That’s why this kind of investment
and development is happening in this
particular line. It’s a question of continuous
updating. It’s a never ending process. You are
getting the benefit in terms of cost, if you save
time and manpower. If you take any segment
like Banking solution, you can see that they
are upgrading with new technology like
internet banking, mobile banking etc.
What is your message to us?
For the time being, you must be fully
concentrated in the process of developing
your logical intelligence in parallel with your
curriculum. The ability to apply your sense and
presence of mind everywhere should be
developed.
?
 - An Interview with Mr
Mr.. V
V.. JJ.. KURIAN IAS

V. J. Kurian (IAS), born in a farmer’s family, he set his goals high

and attained them with splendid efforts. An IAS officer of 1983 batch, TONY JOSE S5 CE, Secretary
he had his graduation from Loyola college, Chennai and PG in Civil Engineering Association
Economics from St. Stephan’s college, New Delhi. He spends his leisure JAYAKRISHNAN MENON S5 CE
time by farming and reading. Presently, he is the MD, Cochin International
Airport Ltd. (CIAL) and Roads and Bridges Development Corporation
of Kerala Ltd.

In your career as a technocrat what do
you consider to be your greatest achievement?
First of all, I am not a technocrat. People say about
this but I am not one. And about my greatest
achievement what I consider is obviously 'The Cochin
Airport’.
Now talking about the Airport, we have
heard that you started it all with just a piece
of paper
paper.. So can you tell us how it all got
started?
Cochin, which is the commercial capital of Kerala,
had an Airport, which was run by the Navy that
facilitated the operations of narrow-bodied aircrafts.
An Airport of international standard was a long felt
need. However, the Airport Authority of India cited
the financial constraints for the setting up of a new
Airport. Since the resources, at the disposal of
government for investment in Airport are limited, the
participation of private sector is essential for bridging
the gap in resources
What idea did you have about the
econo
economicmic viability of the project?
Cochin International Airport is the first of its kind
wherein the Airport users mainly Nonresident Indians
joined hands with the Government of Kerala and
Airport service providers to build an international
airport. A public limited company, Cochin
International Airport Ltd. (CIAL) was incorporated on
30th March 1994 with an authorized capital of Rs
900 millions. More than that, 11,000 individual
investors from more than 30 countries around the
world have subscribed to the equity share capital of
the company. The total cost of construction of about
Rs 2,830 Million, (about 63 million dollars) was
financed by an equity capital Rs 900 million, loan
funds of Rs. 1680 million and interest free deposit
of Rs. 250 million.

41
 What kind of problems did you face in
the process?
An area of 1300 acres of land was to be acquired
for the project from about 2300 landowners and
822 householders had to be evicted and rehabilitated,
which fell within the jurisdiction of 3 panchayats and
one municipality. Thus about 53 electoral
representatives belonging to various political parties
had to be consulted and taken into confidence for
the completion of the project. The high project cost
and the company being the first of its kind in the
country, there were doubts about the safety of
investments and timely completion of the project.
Then we had three temples and two churches to
be removed to facilitate the construction of the airport
without affecting the religious feelings of devotees.
And about 400 civil cases were filed against the
project at various courts out of which 5 cases were
decided at the Supreme Court of India. A large
irrigation canal was shifted from the project area to
facilitate cultivation on the nearby paddy fields.
What all sectors or works in the Airport
give a regular income to the Airport?
Some core sectors were identified as a good sector
and competitive offers were invited some of which
are Ground handling of Aircrafts and cargo
operations which were given to Air India, Aircraft
refueling which Bharath Petroleum took over, and
Foreign exchange was given to Thomas Cook and
SBI, also the restaurants, duty free shops etc. were
given out at good prices.
What do you have to say about the
attitude of the people... certainly in a place
like Kerala where the problem of negative
attitude among the people is relevant?
It’s the basic Malayali nature to do so. If we come
up with an idea they will tell you how much it is not
possible. They will give you 101 reasons for why it
just can’t happen. It was a big problem for the project.
And what did you do to overcome all
these obstacles?
Well its all in persistence to do good, the confidence
that it can be done, taking it as a challenge and
giving your best shot. The strategy should be to never
give up. The problem, which I find in most of us, is
that the moment we see some kind of trouble or
adversities we give up. No project in the world had
ever gone through without any kind of problems;
your ability should be in solving them and overcoming
all the hurdles. And you must have the ultimate trust
in God also. Nothing should be started to be dropped
42
in between.
Now the Airport is going on well with a
good profit than earlierearlier,, is it because of the
increase in the number of air passengers or
due to any other factors?
Firstly it is the increase in the number of air
passengers, and secondly it has been possible by
reducing the expenditure, increasing the revenue.
Our aim right from the beginning was to keep the
cost low.
What made you come to Nedumbassery
for such a project?
I, being the collector at that time was given the
charge of selecting the site for the new Airport. We
had about 6-7 sites in our mind, one at Paravur then
Nedumbassery where we now have our Airport, then
Edakattu vayal, Amballur, Perungodu etc. and finally
taking into consideration many factors like, proximity
to National Highway and the fact that an airport
outside the city will make the city grow and we also
have 2 railway stations nearby. The environmental
impact assessment (EIA) study was carried out by
Kothamangalam Engineering College and feasibility
study was done by KITCO.
Talking about the railway
railway,, will the railway
track running to the one side of the Airport
premise lock the future expansion to that
side?
No, actually we are planning to have a railway
station for the airport there in the long run.
Why did you choose the typical K erala
style of construction for the Airport?
I was very adamant on that. We are Keralites and
so I insisted on something which makes every one
feel that this is an Airport in Kerala. For that we opted
the temple architecture.
When we compare with Airports in many
developed countries, do you find us still
lagging behind in amenities?
The Cochin Airport is built as the most modern
International Airport with all operation safety and
passenger amenities, comparable to any other
International Airport.
The Airport is suitable for operation of b. 747-
400 type Aircraft. It has a 3400 m length of runway,
with sufficient Apron for parking eight aircrafts at a
time. Aircraft refueling system are provided by
Bharath Petroleum Corporation Ltd. with most
modern state - of art Hydrant system. The largest
system prevalent in Singapore & Hong Kong Airport
have been adopted here.
 A cargo complex of 4500 sq. mt has been
constructed to handle the International & Domestic
Cargo.
Do y ou t hink our d evelopment i s s low ?
Well, it’s not that our development is slow. This is
all that we need at this time. The other Airports as
you exemplified, Malaysian and all, are dealing with
much larger number of passengers than ours. And
we are in a process of updating with demand. For
that we are in the process of construction of a new
arrival terminal seeing the increase in number of
passengers. We will be surely growing with demand.
And as I said earlier, our strategy is to keep the cost
as low as possible.
One thing seen in your career is you have
been given charges with relation to civil-
A irport, R oads and B ridges D evelopment
Corporation, is it your specific area of interes t?
interest?
I am a government employee and am doing just
what I am asked to.
If we conduct a survey in Kerala and go
around asking students in 11th and 12th
about who they want to be, there will be a lot
of students saying that they want to be
engineers, doctors etc. but no one wants to
be a scientist or go for civil service. What are
your comm ents on this?
comments
Well, it may be because people think getting into
civil service is difficult and so they give up. It’s not
possible unless you have the confidence that you will
make it. We have the maximum variety of jobs varying
from a district collector to MD of a pharmaceutical
company. No job will be as interesting as this. We
must change our attitude and try some thing new.
As our honourable president says, “Dream”.
With the execution of large scale projects
like Airports, H arbours, H ighways and M etros,
Harbours,
our basic problems of unemployment, poverty poverty,,
illiteracy etc. still persist. Do you think that
we a re making mistakes in choosing our
are
priorities?
We had been fighting with these priorities for the
past 54 years and where did we reach? So why can’t
we think the other way? Projects like this can only
develop employment and remove all other problems
that we face. Civil Aviation, in India was considered
as a mode of transportation for the elite group. But,
today, it is recognized that development of aviation
is crucial for sustainable development of trade and
tourism. A good Airport contributes directly to the
country’s international competitiveness and the flow
of foreign investment. There are many direct and
indirect employment generations because of this
such as a hotel room built due to inflow of tourists
gives employment to at least one. So this is how we
must fight that.
What do you think we, the new
generation should do for the nation nation’s ’s
development?
As you have already said about the attitude of the
current generation students that no one really wants
to be a scientist or a civil servant, no one is thinking
about any kind of new inventions. Your thoughts are
locked in certain confined boundaries. You must
change that. For that you must reform yourselves
first. And you should come up with innovative ideas.
And the prime thing is to keep your integrity and
honesty.
Conclusion
The first green field joint sector Airport in India,
Cochin International Airport is the culmination of five
years of hard toil. Pitched against innumerable odds,
the construction of the Airport is the success story of
Government/ public participation, especially with that
of Nonresident Indians in infrastructural development
in the state. The new International Airport will be a
catalyst for the growth of economic prosperity of the
city of Cochin as well as the adjoining districts and
states. The Airport has excellent market prospects
owing to its strategic location. The new Airport due
to its unique characteristics like being a public limited
company and the only planned and developed
Airport in the country can generate income from
various non-conventional sources.
The Cochin International Airport was the brain
child of Mr. V. J. Kurian, IAS. A man of humility and
pleasant smile, he is loved and respected by all. The
success of Mr. V. J. Kurian, IAS can be attributed to
his positive attitude, honesty, dedication and hard
work.
?
43
 - An Interview with Mr
Mr.. KRISHNAKUMAR R.
KRISHNAKUMAR
Hewlett Packard (High Performance Computing Division)
SRINATH C. S. S5 CS
Can you give us a small introduction
yourself..
about yourself
My name is Krishnakumar R., I am working in High
Performance Computing Division of Hewlett
Packard.
What was your motivation to move into
L inux platform?
Because, one can read the source code and figure
out what is going on behind the scenes. For
example: When Linux boots up, it will show the
name and the type of your CPU. This is actually
done by software within the Operating System. We
can very well look at the Linux source code and
find out how this can be done. That is the power
of having the access to source code.
What were the features of L inux which
attracted you the most?
Everything.
Can you tell us the interesting experiments
that can be done in L inux?
While forking off a process there is this concept of
COW (Copy On Write). One of the experiments I
did recently was to actually “see” how this is done
in Linux. I wrote sample programs-userland as well
as some kernel modules to trace COW and see it
happen on the fly.
What is the motivation behind the idea of
writing patch?
The main motivation is to contribute to the Linux
community. By writing a patch I am improving the
44
Linux kernel. In effect hundreds of thousands of
people who use Linux get benefitted. Even a very
obvious patch such as removing some dead code
from the Linux source code improves the quality
and maintainability of the code. When one submits
a patch in the mailing list, the patch is reviewed by
some of the best programmers in the world. The
feedback from them helps to improve one’s
technical side as well.
Can you tell us about your patch in L inux
kernel?
One patch was to introduce a feature called
“Network interface messaging” into one of the
Network drivers. This patch is available as part of
the vanilla kernel now.
How did you get your patch into the linux?
Whom did you contact for development
project?
For most of the subsystems (networking, virtual
memory, drivers et. al.) there will be one person or
a group who are highly knowledgeable in that area
of the kernel. They are called the “Subsystem
Maintainer/Maintainers”. We have to send out the
patch to the subsystem maintainer with CC to the
mailing list (subsystem specific mailing list or the
main kernel mailing list). The “Subsystem
maintainer” will review your patches. Other
developers in the mailing list will also review it.
Once there is a general agreement in the
community that your patch is “OK”, then the
subsystem maintainer will usually forward it to
Andrew Morton. He is a senior engineer in the
kernel lot of testing. Once your patch is included
into Andrew’s kernel (called-mm kernel), then it
receives lot of testing. Once it is found that the
patch is stable then it is forwarded to Linus Torvalds.
And when Linus accepts the patch it becomes part
of the official linus kernel (vanilla kernel
downloadable from www.kernel.org). The above
procedure although followed generally is not a
hard-and-fast model. The patches which are sent
out to the mailing list might be randomly picked
up by Linus or Andrew based on the merit/
complexity of the patch. For my networking patch,
I sent out the patch to the Linux networking mailing
list, with a CC to Jeff Garzik. He is the maintainer
for Network driver patches. He included it into his
set of patches, which got forwarded to Andrew
Morton’s patch set. After being in Andrew’s patch
set, it went into Linus’s official kernel.
Tell us about the L inux community?
Linux kernel development community revolves
around the main Linux-kernel mailing list (http://
www.tux.org/lkml/gives more information
regarding this mailing list). Latest features to be
included into the Linux kernel, the kernel patches
and a lot of other matters are discussed in this
mailing list. Almost all core developers (including
Linus Torvalds) of the Linux kernel are part of this
mailing list.
What are some of the upcoming trends in
L inux community?
Linux is nowadays used everywhere. From watches
to research laboratories, Linux is used everywhere.
Linux is being increasingly used for high
performance computing to build clusters and
supercomputers. Virtualization products (such as
Xen) is another upcoming area.
What role can we (students) play in making
users shift to Linux?
First step should be to feel what the users feel. Use
different softwares yourself and try to go through
the “user experience”. This exercise helps one to
build a fair idea on the various problems that a
user might face. This can also be done by a survey/
meeting with the users. Once the problems are
listed out, the next step is to find the solutions.The
best way is to enquire with the Linux users group
what could be the possible solutions. Most of the
time, it happens that the difficulty faced by the user
we meet, might have been already solved by
somebody in the community. So the interaction
with the Linux community brings into picture the
available solutions.
If the solution does not exist, write a new code to
solve it. Remember, the source code is with you.
You have the power to modify/fix the issues/add
new features etc.
What are your views on how students can
improve their LLinux
inux knowledge?
Some of the sites give news on Linux. Here are a
couple of of them:
1. www.linuxtoday.com
2. www.kerneltrap.org
These sites will keep you updated with the Linux
community and what is going on. Another way of
improving your Linux knowledge is to have hands
on experience. Use Linux for your day to day work.
Be it running lab programs, be it preparing reports
for projects, be it hearing music, be it for browsing
the Internet - use Linux. This will help you in
identifying the areas which need improvement.
Trying to improve those will result in increase in
Linux knowledge.
The next step is to start reading Linux source code.
Try to understand what is going on behind the
scene. Interacting with the Linux community will
also keep you updated. Become part of the mailing
lists and get to feel the pulse of the community.
Visit http://www.kernelnewbies.org/for a start.
What is your advice to students, both as
an ex-engineering student and as a L inux
geek?
Being an engineer brings a lot of opportunities to
you. But the point is how you make use of this
opportunity. The process of learning continues
throughout the professional life.
Always have the constant urge to understand/
learn/dissect new things that you come across.
Devote some time to make contributions to the
community. Remember, most of the things which
we take for granted (getting education is one of
them) are things which are not accessible to a
large part of our society.
For aspiring Linux kernel hackers- “Read the source
code”.
Thank you and Best of luck!
?
45
 -An Interview with Mr
Mr.. B. VENUGOP
Chief Engineer (Inst.) H.O.C.L.
ARUN BABU S5 AE, EBIN JOY S5 AE, VENY VELAPPAN S5 AE,
VIDYA LAKSHMI SUKUMARAN S5 AE
E xcerpts from the interview conducted with
Mr. B. Venugopal, Chief Engineer (Instrumentation),
H.O.C.L. Ambalamugal, Ernakulam. H i n d u s t a n
Organic Chemicals Ltd (H.O.C.L) is a petrochemical
plant which produces phenol, acetone and hydrogen
peroxide. It has units in both Ernakulam and
Mumbai. Its head office is based in Rasayani,
Mumbai.
Sir
Sir,, could you please give us a brief
description of your educational background
and your career?
I did my graduation in Electrical Engineering from
Regional Engineering College, Calicut. I finished
my graduation in 1978 and post graduation in
1981. After that I worked for 5 years in Kerala
Minerals, Kollam. Now for the past 20 years, I
have been associated with H.O.C.L.
Could you make a comparative study
between the instrumentation systems used
at the beginning of your career and the
ones used presently?
30-35 years back, process industries basically
used pneumatic control systems. Then there was
development in the electronic field. Analog and
microprocessor development was rapid. Digital
46
VENUGOPALAL
data processing became easier. This was reflected
in the instrumentation field. Instrumentation
depends on digital electronics. There has been
tremendous growth for the past 10-20 years in
digital control systems and digital data processing.
Systems are now open control systems. According
to the demand from customers, internal processing
has become much more transparent.
Sir
Sir,, what according to you is the role of
instrumentation in a process industry?
In any process industry, instrumentation plays a
pivotal role. The objective of an industry is to
produce a product with sufficient quality and
quantity. To achieve this objective you should have
an instrumentation system. Another factor is
safety. In an industry, lot of unsafe activities take
place so instrumentation provides total safety for
a system.
What is the difference between the
theoretical knowledge we acquire and the
practical aspects employed in an industry?
Theoretical knowledge is not sufficient. Every
industry has its own environment, its own problems
and maintenance. You need to gain practical
experience by working in that industry. Each
industry is different. Instrumentation has to meet
those demands. Theory provides a base,
practical experience provides the rest.
What is your opinion about the current
technical education? Do you suggest any
changes?
The current technical education is slightly lagging
compared to the developments in the industry.
Students should have more interaction with the
industries. Technology is changing very fast. Lot
of advancements have occurred like digital data
processing. More practical orientation should be
encouraged.
Besides the content specified in the
curriculum, we are being encouraged to
attend other technical courses. What do
you suggest?
Industrial trainings should be encouraged. Many
industries do not provide inplant training. Every
industry should provide training atleast on a
chargeable basis.
Does H .O
H.O .C.L . conduct any training
.O.C.L
sessions for emerging engineers?
Yes, we are conducting training sessions for
one month on a chargeable basis of Rs. 2500/-
per head. We have a lot of experienced people.
Damaged instruments and models are provided
to the trainees to get a better idea. In text books
only diagrams are given. Here we provide a
demo set of the system.
What are the recent advancements in
instrumentation field? Does H .O
H.O .C.L .
.O.C.L
employ any?
Earlier instrumentation systems were analog.
Now they have been upgraded to digital control
systems. Softwares have been updated.
Sir
Sir,, what is open protocol?
Nowadays there is a lot of demand for
standardisation. Earlier if a company produced
a product and the other company produced
another, the two products could not be
interfaced, unless they are of the same company.
Hence a committee was set up for a common
protocol . Open protocol is such a standard
protocol for communication. Every manufacturer
or member is supposed to come out with that
protocol only.
What are the attributes of an ideal
instrumentation engineer?
An instrumentation engineer should be adaptable
to a situation. He should maintain his learning
because technology is getting updated regularly.
Else you will become obsolete. Hence a continuous
revamping is required.
In the current job scenario, what is the
scope of instrumentation?
Instrumentation is a field with potential but
currently there is an industrial recession. Chemical
plants are not doing too well but the steel sector
has revived.
After graduation, most instrumentation
engineers prefer a job in the software
sector
sector.. Why is that so?
This is not a good sign. The strength of the nation
depends on basic engineering. You need qualified
and talented people in that field. The IT field lies
on the superficial. Core industries are our back
bone. After independence, India developed the
core sector. H.O.C.L. was developed on that vision
i.e, on developing the organic sector. If talented
people go to the IT, the core industries will suffer.
Would you like to pass on any message
for our budding engineers back home?
Instrumentation is a good potential field. It creates
an impact on future developments. Even if it is
diminished now it will emerge again, similar to
the shares in the market. More interaction is
expected between IT and instrumentation in the
future and thus we expect a revival in the
instrumentation field.
?
47
50
 TONY JOSE
S5 CE
KONKAN RAILWAY
PROJECT
A Civil Engineering Feat
Feat
- Bringing Aesthetics
into Engineering
Introduction
“I ndian engineering skills go poetic and
heroic in Western ghats”: The heading
appeared in a leading national daily, when the
first train through Konkan was flagged off.
Have you ever thought about the civil
engineering master piece-Konkan Railway? It
was the largest project ever taken up and
successfully completed by Indians. India could
triumph in a way that the West could envy.
Described as a marvel of civil engineering, this
760 km long prestigious railway project, which
few thought would materialise, was completed
in a record time of 7 years and 3 months (Fig 1
Map).
Konkan Railway is an Indian triumph in
many areas: engineering, efficiency, innovation,
speed, environmental awareness, public
Fig 1
relations, aesthetics and rivers. A 760 km rail
path, laid on fairly flat rails over rivers and
valleys and through mountains and gorges. To
the amazement of disbelieving people, the
project was designed and built exclusively by
Indian engineers. It is a feat in civil engineering
that the British had contemplated a century ago
and abandoned as being too formidable.
Konkan Railway runs close to 1000 km,
rides over 800 bridges (179 of them major),
snakes through 92 tunnels and at its highest
point it runs at an elevation close to Qutab
Minar’s top.
Konkan Railway project is an excellent
example of management and public relations.
The project met its hero in Dr. E. Sreedharan, a
veteran railway man known for his brisk
efficiency. The entire length of 760 km was
divided into 7 sectors of approximately 100 km
51
each. Each sector had a chief engineer with full
freedom of decision making. In any civil
engineering project, land acquisition is the most
difficult and time consuming process. But here
the displaced people were assured that their
environment and ways of life would not be
disturbed. For land acquisition near Dargoan,
a new burial ground was built and bones and
remains from the old ground was transported
with reverence. This shows how the mentors
of the project respected human sentiments.
Design
A near flat track and a curvature of 1.25
km radius was to be maintained to attain target
speed of 160 km/hr. The problem was that the
entire scenic Konkan coast is full of rivers,
mountains, ravines, valleys and human
settlements. The only solution left was to bore
long and numerous tunnels through the valleys,
creating high embankments, making deep cuts
between peaks and building several bridges
over water courses.
Technological Innovations
A few technologies untried in Asia till then
were adopted. The technologies ensured
reliability, longer service life and minimum
maintenance. Some technology innovations are
as follows
- Satellite images were used for fixing
alignments.
- Long welded rails on entire routes to ensure
noiseless travel and minimum maintenance.
- Welding of rails by gas pressure welding.
52
- Pre-casting of pre-stressed concrete girders.
- Adoption of hollow reinforced concrete
piers for tall viaducts constructed by slip
forming.
- Panel interlocking and four aspect colour
light signalling.
- Forced ventilation of long tunnels.
- Optic fibre communication networks.
- Computer network along the route to
facilitate efficient train movements.
Ground Preparation
Konkan area consists of dark coloured
volcanic lava flows and laterites that are spread
out forming the innumerable spurs, hills and
hill ranges. Some part consists of phyllites,
haematites and laterites. There are marine and
river alluvium towards the sea.
With diverse parameters, locating a
railway line is indeed a fine art. A substantial
portion of the Konkan railway route has
involved the use of earth work. The sequence
of earth work was as follows: The site was
cleared. Marine clay was removed or treated
with sand drains. Earth was dumped in layers
of 30 cm, spreading with a bulldozer in uniform
layers. Water was sprinkled, rolled with roller,
testing was done to ensure required density and
the process was repeated to achieve the requisite
height.
Earth works in cuttings and banks were
highly vulnerable and required protection to
ensure stability and avoid damage during the
rains. Protections were provided through catch
water drains, side drains, side walls, Toe walls,
Retaining walls and RCC troughs.
Tunnels
The construction of tunnels on Konkan
Railway was the most critical activity. The
Karbuide tunnel near Ratnagiri is 6506 m long
and is the longest vehicular tunnel in the sub-
continent. Mechanical drilling jumbos and
hydraulic loader were used for tunnelling.
Ventilation in tunnels consisted of providing
600 to 900 mm diameter ducts made of plain
galvanised iron sheets, fitted with angle rings
and using rubber rings to make it leak proof.
In long tunnels ventilation was provided with completion of the project was that, no political
shafts/adits. In Karbuck tunnel, 3 centrifugal influences were allowed at any stage during the
fans with 150 KN capacity each, were provided tenure of the project. By taking inspiration from
at the top of shafts. this project, many large projects involving great
Bridges
Bridge construction was a high point on
the Konkan Railway project. Major bridges
were executed within a record time taking into
account safety and strength as crucial
parameters. The bridges of Konkan Railway
brought aesthetics into Engineering. Pre
tensioned, Pre Stressed Concrete (PSC) girders
had been adopted for construction of bridges.
The Panval Nadi Viadult, the tallest bridge in
Asia was the most formidable. For allowing
smooth navigation in the water, steel girders
were adopted for the Zauri and Mandovi rivers.
risk and capital input can be materialised. The
The longest bridge (2065 m) was constructed
success of this project is the fruit of hardwork,
over Sharavati river. In Konkan bridges cardinal
dedication, commitment and above all will
principles for bridge construction-strength,
power of Indian engineers.
durability, speed on construction and aesthetic
value have been implemented with a great Today, while travelling through Konkan,
degree of success. the bridges, viaducts and tunnels are a feast to
the eye. The journey by itself is becoming known
Conclusion
as a tourist pleasure. Rarely have nature and
Konkan Railway has proved that India man’s artifice blended so harmoniously.
has no lack of engineering skills. One major
factor which contributed to the speedy ?

53

POWER LINE CARRIER
COMMUNICATION
P ower line communication (PLC), also
called Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) or
Power Line Telecoms (PLT) is a wire line method
of communication that uses the existing electric
power transmission and electricity distribution
lines. The carrier can communicate voice and
data by superimposing an analog signal over the
standard 50 or 60 Hz alternating current.
Traditionally electrical utilities used low speed
power line carrier circuits for control of sub
stations, voice communications and protection
of high voltage transmission lines. More recently,
high speed data transmission has been
developed using the lower voltage transmission
lines used for power distribution. A short range
form of power line carrier is used for home
automation and intercoms.
TYPES OF PLC TECHNOLOGIES
I. a) INDOOR
Indoors, the PLC equipment can use the
household electrical power wiring as a
transmission medium. This is a technique used
in home automation for remote control of
lighting and appliances without installation of
additional control wire. The home plug system
is an example of this technology. The X 10 home
automation system uses power line
communication at the zero crossing voltage point
in the AC wave.
Typically these devices operate by injecting
a carrier wave of between 20 and 200 Khz into
the household wiring at the transmitter. The
carrier is modulated by digital signals. Each
receiver in this system has an address and can
be individually commanded by the signals
54
G. KODEESWARA KUMARAN
Lecturer
Elecrical & Electronics Dept.
transmitted over the household wiring and
decoded at the receiver. These devices may either
be plugged into regular power outlets or else
permanently wired in place. Since the carrier
signal may propagate to nearby homes/
apartments on the same distribution system, these
control schemes have a “ house address” of the
owner.
There are also some very low- bit rate power
line communication systems used for meter
reading.
b) OUTDOOR
Utility companies use special coupling
capacitors to connect low frequency radio
transmitters to the power frequency AC
conductors. Frequencies used are in the range of
30 - 300 kHz, with transmitter power levels up to
hundreds of watts. These signals may be impressed
on one conductor, on two conductors or on all
three conductors of a high voltage AC transmission
lines. Several different PLC channels may be
coupled onto one HV line. Filtering devices are
applied at sub stations to prevent the carrier
frequency current from getting bypassed through
the station apparatus and to ensure that distant
faults do not affect the isolated segments of the
PLC system. These circuits are used for control of
switch gear, and for protection of transmission
lines. For example, a protection relay can use a
PLC channel to trip a line if a fault is detected
between its two terminals, but to leave the line in
operation if the fault is elsewhere on the system.
While utility companies use microwave and now
increasingly, fiber optic cables for their primary
system communication needs, the power line
carrier apparatus may still be useful as a backup
channel or for very low cost installations that
do not warrant a fiber drop.
II. BROAD BAND OVER POWER LINES
Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) is the
use of PLC technology to provide broad band
Internet access through ordinary power lines.
A computer or any other device would need only
to plug a BPL “modem” into any outlet in an
equipped building to have a high speed Internet
access.
BPL offers obvious benefits over regular cable
or DSL connections : The intensive infra structure
already available would allow more people in
more locations to have access to the Internet.
Also, such ubiquitous availability would make
it much easier for other electronics, such as
televisions or sound systems, to hook up. The
amount of band width a BPL system can provide
compared to cable and wireless is in question,
however.
High speed data transmission, or Broadband
over Power Line (BPL) uses the electric circuit
between the electric substations and home
networks. A standard used for this is ETSI PLT.
PLC modems transmits in high frequency (1.6
to 30 MHz electric carrier). The asymmetric speed
in the modem is generally from 256 kilo bit / sec
to 2.7 mega bit / sec. In the repeater situated in
the meter room the speed is up to 45 mega bit /
sec and can be connected to 256 PLC modems.
In the medium voltage stations, the speed from
the head ends to the Internet is up to 135 mega
bit / sec. To connect to the Internet, utilities can
use optical fiber backbone or wireless link.
Some groups oppose the proliferation of this
technology, mostly due to its potential to
interfere with radio transmissions. As power
lines are typically untwisted and unshielded,
they are essentially large antennas, and will
broadcast large amounts of radio energy.
Recently, power and telecommunication
companies have started tests of the BPL
technology, over the protests of the radio groups.
After claims of interference by these groups,
many of these trials ended early and proclaimed
successes, though the ARRL and other groups
claimed otherwise. Some of the providers
conducting those trials have now begun
commercial roll - outs in limited neighbourhoods
in selected cities, with some level of user
acceptance. There have been many documented
cases of interference reported to the FCC by
Amateur Radio users. A video clearly showing
the interference at a site at Briarcliff Manor, NY
is available on the ARRL website. Because of
these continued problems, Amateur Radio
operators and others filed a petition for
reconsideration with the FCC in February 2005.
Austria, Australia, New Zealand and other
locations have also experienced BPL’s spectrum
pollution and raised concerns within their
governing bodies.
New FCC rules require BPL systems to be
capable of remotely notching out frequencies on
which interference occurs, and of shutting down
remotely if necessary to resolve the interference.
BPL systems operating within FCC part 15
emissions limits, may still interfere with the
wireless radio communications and are required
to resolve interference problems,
Differences in the electrical distribution
systems in North America and Europe affect the
implementation of BPL. In North America
relatively few homes are connected to each
distribution transformer, whereas European
practice may have hundreds of homes connected
to each substation. Since the BPL signals do not
propagate through the distribution transformers,
extra equipments needed in the North American
case.
III. STANDARDS
Several competing standards are evolving
including the Home plug power line alliance
(which has defined the Home plug 1.0 and is
finalizing the Home plug AV high - speed
networking technology), Universal Power line
Association , and the IEEE . It is unclear which
standard will come out ahead.
IV. FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS
COMMISSION (FCC)
On October 14, 2004, the U.S. Federal
Communications Commission adopted rules to
facilitate the deployment of “Access BPL” - i.e. ,
use of BPL to deliver broadband service to homes
and businesses. The technical rules are more
liberal than those advanced by ARRL and other
spectrum users, but include provisions that
require BPL providers to investigate and correct
any interference they cause. These rules may be
subject to future litigation,
BPL vendors such as Amperion Inc. and
Current Technologies LIC have begun offering
BPL service in limited areas.
References
J.L . Blackburn (ed), Applied Protective
Relaying, Westinghouse Electric Corporation
(1976) Newark, New Jersey USA., no ISBN,
Library of Congress Card No. 76 - 8060.
?
55
 SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING
CHALLENGES
OF THE 21ST CENTURY
It is an agreed fact that presently all gadgets
and equipments are becoming sophisticated,
complex and over flexible.To provide too much
to the user, most of them are to be controlled by
software. Also there are systems like
communication, e-banking and e-commerce
depending on widely dispersed computers
geographically. Multimedia and web
applications require software and artistic skills.
State of the art, medical instrumentation and
similar expert systems take data analysis to
heights unimaginable. Therefore there is such a
demand on software production that subjects
the relatively young discipline of Software
Engineering to intense stress.
The time has come / when a software
company has to apply sound engineering
methodology to software production process.
The outsourcing of such production jobs to
developing countries by software firms of
advanced countries have resulted in renewed
aspirations and expectations in some parts of the
world. Software jobs are in abundance and most
of our young B.Tech. students who graduate,
find enormous placement opportunities in this
field.
However, the challenges of this field should
also not go unnoticed. Software is abstract and
intangible with its elegance, dependability,
performance and quality, evading easy
measurement. Also software is the product of
creative human mind. Automation and CASE
tools, though available, often fail to deliver the
goods, especially in safety critical systems. Thus
56
PROF. P. DINAKARAN
Head of Department of
Electrical Sciences
a lot depends on the creativity, ingenuity, and
innovation of the software developer.
Compounding this, there is the fact that software
cannot be mass produced, since the requirement
of each client is slightly different from that of
another. So each software project is a 'one -off
project'. Each software firm has a culture and
methodology of its own. So the software made
there also will reflect this culture. Standards will
be different and so also the non - functional
aspects and qualities. Hence comparing them
also becomes difficult.
The behavioural models of software process
have been well documented. Most recently, the
UML has offered an unambiguous tool for
describing software systems and processes. This
is especially suitable for the OOP paradigm. OOP
also encourages software reuse and prevents 'Re
-inventing the wheel'. But increased code size is
the penalty paid. It is a fact that more and more
applications now turn to OOP.
The requirement of extreme computing and
the inevitability of parallel processing in various
forms is another challenge. Graphics and Image
processing require different forms of Digital
Signal Processing, imposing involved
computational techniques. The algorithms and
dissection methods needed here make code
production a costly business. The semantic skills
of the programmer are stretched to extreme
limits.
It is also true that all stages of the software
process starting from requirement analysis to
implementation and testing are imprecise.
It is difficult, to even specify the requirement
desired of the software in precise ways. 'Wicked'
problems arise even defying requirement
definition. There are different paths to the final
goal, and the easiest one may never get
enlightened, because it is a creative job. Past
experience and preferred, prejudiced practices
often obscure optimal strategies.
Another problem is legacy systems and
resistance to change. New tuning requirements
are often made, but the human element always
objects to replacing systems with new ones. So
large, inefficient systems continue and the
software engineer is asked to do 'patch -work'
with no methodology, technique or tool. A
change in such a system may make many side
effects which may come to notice only quite late.
Quality control is also difficult in software
processes. Except in critical systems, there is no
strict quality metrics. So people tend to use
indirect means like function points and length
of code to measure quality. Because of the
obvious intangible nature of software, quality
control teams with lots of experience also often
fail to bring about the desired optimization in
the code, structure and configuration.
The spread of networking and the Internet
have their own implications in this area. The
TCP/IP protocol suite which have become the
de -facto 'glue' of the Internet has become all
pervading. More well documented ISO
standards does not seem to get their due share
of utilization, since the Internet is already in
place. So innovations in the performance
improvement of the various Internet protocols
is a demanding software challenge.
More and more safety and mission critical
systems are in demand in fields like military,
space research and environment research
applications. Stringent objectives are to be met
requiring optimal design in many cases.
Creativity and imagination are stretched to the
utmost.
In spite of all these, we see the silver line over
the horizon. Formal theories of Computer
Science often give the required precision at the
expense of computational complexity. Massive
parallelism and distributed systems give
enormous computational power. Automatic
graphic and code generation packages and
CASE tools give the software engineer with
innovative 'self - illumination', the necessary
external help. Often a genius mind arises and
wakes up somewhere. Let us hope that software
design will match the requirements and
expectations!
?
57
 The job of engineers is to invent. Physicists discover the laws of nature,
and engineers exploit the phenomena for some useful end. But in order
to exploit them the engineer needs to combine the phenomena, to
regroup them, to modify them, to interfere with them; that is ,
to create something new from existing components.
- PROF. L. SOLYMAR

E ven though glass questions about the glass

was discovered accident
- ally about 4000 years
THE STO RY properties is that glasses
are not in thermal
ago, this Science is still in equilibrium and that the
its infancy. The term
glass signifies a state
BEHIND atomic structure of glass
is not periodic because
intermediate between glasses are not crystalline.
crystalline solids and
gaseous phase in the
GLASSES Glass Formers and
Network Formers.
sense of atomic B 2 O 3, SiO 2 ,Ge 2 O and
arrangement. The glassy P 2O 5 all of which come
state is an extrapolation from a certain area of the
of the liquid state periodic table readily form
to lower temperature glasses on their own when
and it is expected that their melts are cooled and
glass has a liquid like are commonly known as
structure in which long- “glass formers”. As 2 O 3
range periodicity in the DR. V1JOY P. S. and Sb 2O 3 also produce
arrangement of atoms Sr. Lecturer in Physics glass on their own when
is absent. The properties their melts are cooled very
of glasses are mainly rapidly. TeO2, SeO2, MoO3,
controlled by this disordered structure. The WO3, Bi2O3, Al2O3,Ga2O3 and V2O5 will not form
practical applications of glasses in the modern glass on their own, but each will do so when
world continues to exploit the transparency, melted with a suitable quantity of certain other
lustre,durability, optical and electrical properties non-glass forming oxides. Hence they are known
of these materials. A large number of superionic as “conditional glass formers”.
glasses have been fabricated and they have
Some alkali oxides like Na 2O, Li 2O, K 2 O,
found numerous applications in devices such as
solid state batteries, fuel cells, memory devices, PbO and CaO which when added in small
display panels, etc. So it is one of the oldest quantities to the glass network forming oxides
materials finding new applications. produce drastic changes (melting point,
The term glass is commonly used to mean the conductivity, etc.) in the properties of the
fusion products of inorganic materials which latter. Such oxides also modify the network
have been cooled to a rigid condition without structure of the glass and hence they are
crystallizing. The general answer to all the termed as “ glass or network modifiers”.

58
 Density, mechanical properties, and thermal
properties of glasses are similar to those of the
corresponding crystals. However unlike
crystals glasses do not have a sharp, well-
defined melting point. In the absence of
applied forces and internal stresses, glasses are
essentially isotropic. The schematic
representation of an ordered crystalline form
and a glass of the same composition is shown
in the following figures.
Atomic structural representation of
(a) A2O3 crystal (b) A2O3 glass.
Preparation of Glasses
The range of glasses made is wider than ever
before. They include Silicate, Alkali Silicate,
Boric oxide, Alkali Borate, Alkali boro Silicate,
Chalcogenide, Halide and Metallic glasses. The
techniques for producing glasses have also
expanded notably in recent years; some of them
are commercially as well as academically
important.
I Melt Quenching Method
a) Splat quenching method
b) Melt spinning method
c) Roller quenching method
II Sol-Gel Technique
III Ion Implantation Technique
IV Laser Glazing Technique
V Electrolytic Deposition Technique
Properties and Uses
Glass is now considered as the one of the
best scientific materials in the branch of
material science due to its wide range of
applications. The ultra transparent glass fibers
are capable of transmitting more information
than copper wires. Glasses with high ionic
conductivity have attracted interest because
of their potential application as solid
electrolytes of variable composition that can
be fabricated easily. The exploitation of the
electronic conducting property of many
glasses is the base of the high-tech
development of the last two decades. This
is the only area of glass science so far where a
Nobel Prize has been awarded. Electronic
conduction is responsible for the
photoconductivity property in Se and As-Se
glasses that have been the heart of the
photocopying process. Some electrically
conducting glasses display switching behaviour
between insulator and semiconductor states.
These are utilized in computer memory
devices. Electric conduction in amorphous
hydrogenated silicon and its alloys is
responsible for its photovoltaic behaviour,
which is the basis of solar cell technology.
Because of its good durability relative to most
metals, glass is the leading candidate for
fixation or immobilization of radioactive
waste. The combination of hardness and
transparency at room temperature along with
sufficient strength and excellent corrosion
resistance make glasses indispensable for
many practical applications. Now-a-days
glasses have a prominent role in the field of
electronics and have wide applications in
Industry, Space research, Computer memories,
etc.
Latest news from the field of glass science
is very much promising. Doping of nano-
particles into the bulky glass matrix will
produce drastic changes in the properties of
bulk glass materials. It will be a new
revolution in technology. Let us wait for the
glass revolution.
?
59

A telescope is a device used to form a
magnified image of a distant object. A very simple
telescope can be made from two convex lenses:
one (the object glass, or objective) forms an upside-
down image of the distant object; the second is
used simply as a magnifying glass to examine this
image. Telescopes for terrestrial use have an extra
lens to turn the image the right way up.
Binoculars are twin telescopes that have extra
optical components to “fold” the light rays’ paths
and make the instrument compact.
Since the basic application of a telescope is to
magnify distant objects, it has great applications
in astronomy. Although telescope was invented
by Hans Lippershey, a Dutch spectacle-maker in
1608, it was Galileo who first used it for
astronomical purpose in 1609. From there
telescopes have grown so much that a wide variety
of optical telescopes using different techniques
were developed like the refracting telescope in
US Naval Observatory, the reflecting telescope
in Palomar Observatory, near San Diego, the
Schmidt telescope in European southern
observatory in Chile and the Multiple Mirror
Telescope (MMT) in Whipple Observatory in
Arizona etc.
But the ground-based telescopes have
drawbacks of its own. Firstly, its size. The most
important of all the powers of an optical telescope
is its light-gathering power. This capacity is
strictly a function of the diameter of the clear
objective—that is, the aperture—of the telescope.
The advantage of collecting more light with a
larger-aperture telescope is that one can observe
fainter stars, nebulas, and very distant galaxies.
The increase in aperture will result in the overall
increase of the size of the telescope. Secondly,
extreme care should be taken in mounting the
telescope. Any vibration in the mounting will also
be magnified and may severely reduce the quality
of the observed image. Thirdly the atmosphere
60
ANOOP K. T.
S1 S2 EC
will introduce a disturbance to the image due to
fluctuating air currents in the path of the light from
a celestial or terrestrial object.
While astronomers continue to seek new
technological breakthroughs with which to build
larger ground-based telescopes, it is readily
apparent that the only solution to some scientific
problems is to make observations from above the
Earth’s atmosphere. A series of Orbiting
Astronomical Observatories (OAOs) have been
launched by the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA); the OAO launched in 1972
(later named Copernicus) had an 81 cm telescope
on board. The most sophisticated space telescope
ever to be made is the Hubble Space Telescope.
Hubble Space Telescope
Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is the first
general-purpose orbiting observatory. It was placed
into orbit about 600 km (370 miles) above the Earth
by the crew of the space shuttle Discovery on April
25,1990. It makes observations in the visible and
ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.
It has a 2.4-metre (94-inch) primary mirror, a smaller
secondary mirror, and various recording
instruments that can detect visible, ultraviolet, and
infrared light. The HST is equipped with five
detectors: the Wide-Field Planetary Camera, the
Faint Object Camera, the Faint Object Spectrograph,
the High-Resolution Spectrograph, and the High
Speed Photometer. It also has three fine-guidance
sensors that can be used for high-precision
astronomical measurements such as determining the
distances of stars. The most important of these
instruments is the wide-field planetary camera, it
can take either wide-field or high- resolution
images of the planets and of galactic and
extragalactic objects. This camera is designed to
achieve image resolutions 10 times greater than that
of even the largest Earth-based telescope.
A faint-object camera can detect an object 50 times
fainter than anything observable by any ground-
based telescope; and a faint-object spectrograph
gathers data on the object’s chemical composition.
A high-resolution spectrograph receives distant
object’s ultraviolet light that cannot reach the Earth
because of atmospheric absorption. The telescope
theoretically can resolve astronomical objects that
are at an angular distance of 0.05 arc second apart.
After one month of its launch scientists
discovered that its primary mirror had a spherical
aberration, which caused the mirror to produce
fuzzy rather than sharp images. The HST also
developed problems with its gyroscopes and with
its solar-power arrays. A service mission to repair
the problem was carried out in December 1993,
using the space shuttle Endeavour. A device called
the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial
Replacement (COSTAR) was inserted in the slot
for the High-Speed Photometer, which had to be
removed to make room for it. The Wide-Field
Planetary Camera, which had a different optical
path from the other four instruments, was replaced
with the Wide-Field Planetary Camera II, which
consisted of 10 tiny mirrors, to correct the
aberration in the primary mirror.
Objective
A second servicing mission was carried out in
February 1997: the main objective was to replace
the telescope’s two spectrographs with two new
instruments, the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-
Object Spectrometer (NICMOS) and the Space
Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS). The first
of these will enable the HST to view the birth of
stars as well as very distant objects at unparalleled
resolution, while the spectrograph will enable
spectrums to be obtained from 500 objects
simultaneously (where the previous instruments
could only obtain one) and 30 times faster than
the previous instruments. Many of the telescope
subsystems were also replaced or underwent
maintenance. A third mission was carried out in
December 1999, which replaced all six of the
telescope’s gyroscopes and its computers.
After 15 years from its launch Hubble has taken
about 650,000 images, many of them breathtaking,
of stars and galaxies. Some of Hubble’s most
glorious images show clouds of gas and dust, some
of them hundreds of light years across. Clear of
the earthly mists, Hubble peers through the mists
of time. With its sensitive eye, Hubble has
witnessed galaxies forming barely half a billion
years after the Big Bang -capturing light that was
generated 13 billion years ago. By flipping through
the Hubble’s extra-ordinary snapshots, astronomers
can trace the development of planets, stars, galaxies
and the universe itself. Most of the 10,000 galaxies
it portrayed are mere tots, born only half a billion
years or so after the Big Bang. Some of them odd
ball shapes such as loops or spears, and after these
gawky youngsters collide, the theory goes, they
develop structures that we recognize as more
familiar-ellipses or, like our Milky Way, nice tidy
spirals.
Perhaps the biggest surprise to come out of the
Hubble is that the universe is not just expanding,
but expanding faster and faster, propelled by a
mysterious force called the Dark energy, which
constitutes 70% of the stuff in the universe. In
December 1995 the HST took one of its most
important pictures, a composite of images made
during 10 days of exposures and known as the
Hubble Deep Field. By pointing the telescope at
an area of sky devoid of bright objects and taking
long exposures, the astronomers were able to
image galaxies fainter (down to magnitude 30) and
more distant (up to 12 billion light years away)
than any seen before. In October 1998 the telescope
was used to take a 36-hour infrared exposure of a
small portion of the Deep Field, revealing even
fainter, cooler, and more distant galaxies.
A major breakthrough occurred in the history
of Hubble when the HST obtained images of the
first optical counterpart to be discovered of a
gamma-ray burster. In May 1998 it imaged TMR-
1C in the constellation Taurus, which is believed
to be the first extra-solar planet to be directly
observed. The HST has also provided evidence for
the presence of a super massive black hole at the
centre of galaxies.
In a solar system not far from ours, the telescope
watched a planet pass in front of its parent star,
which illuminated the planet’s atmosphere and
revealed its chemical elements. Even closer to
home, Hubble has discovered planetoids beyond
Pluto. And in 1994,it witnessed comet Shoemaker-
Levy 9 crashing into Jupiter.
Since Hubble’s 1990 launch, astronomers have
developed ground-based scopes that squint
through the atmosphere and rival some of the
Hubble’s observational powers. And other satellite
telescopes have joined Hubble in orbit. They’re
tuned x-rays or gamma rays, however, which are
scientifically important but have less stirring than
the good old visible light Hubble sees. Let us hope
that this magnificent creation of man stays in the
sky to show us more inside the universe.
?
61

WHAT IS BPO?
B usiness Process Outsourcing is the long-term
contracting out of non-core business processes to an
outside provider to help achieve increased shareholder
value.
Many IT professionals are familiar with the term
Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), but knowing how
to distinguish it from other types of outsourcing requires
some scrutiny.
Though some forms of BPO may include both IT
management and business operations, the approach is
primarily about turning over functions such as payroll,
accounting, billing or even real estate management to a
third party. Though these business processes may
depend on IT, they are separate functions from core IT
operations, such as data center activities or network
management.
WHY BPO?
Free Your Resources and Work On Your Strategy
An important aspect of business process outsourcing
is its ability to free corporate executives from some of
their day-to-day process management responsibilities.
Traditionally, executives spend 80 percent of their time
managing details, and only 20 percent on strategy. Once
a process is successfully outsourced, the ratio can be
reversed. Executives get more control over their most
valuable resource: time. Time to explore new revenue
streams, time to accelerate other projects, and time to
focus on their customers.
Improve Processes - Save Money
Companies that outsource business processes are
often able to re-engineer those processes and capture
new efficiencies. Then they can reallocate resources to
62
ABHISHA FRANCIS
S5 CS
other important projects and leverage their
investment in technology. For example,
processes that are handled in a shared
production environment for multiple
companies are ideal for BPO and a lot of
money will be saved. ln most cases, high-
caliber subject-matter experts are brought in
to design and manage these processes,
bringing with them best practices,
innovation, and years of experience that
most companies don’t have access to or can’t
afford on their own.
Increase Your Capabilities
With this expertise often comes increased
capability. In addition to doing things more
efficiently, you can expand your ability to
deliver new products and services to your
customers. Then there are the factors of
scalability and scope. Companies that want
to grow internationally must continuously
invest in infrastructure and find talent
around the world. Many outsourcing
providers are already established globally
and can help make the growth process run
smoothly.
WHY INDIA?
In order to meet the growing international
demand for lucrative, customer-interaction
centers, many organizations worldwide are
outsourcing these services from locations like
India. India has inherent strengths, which have
made it a major success as an outsourcing
destination:
Scope
A booming IT industry, with IT strengths
recognized all over the world.
Language
The largest English-speaking population after the
USA.
Manpower
A vast workforce of educated, English speaking,
tech-savvy personnel: A boon in a high-growth
industry faced with a shortage of skilled workers.
Cost-effective manpower
In a call interaction center operation, manpower
typically accounts for 55 to 60 percent of the total
cost. In India, the manpower cost is approximately
one-tenth of what it is overseas. Per agent cost in
USA is approximately $40,000 while in India it is only
$5,000.
Technical support
India graduates about 100,000 engineers each
year. These can be used in call centers for
troubleshooting/tech support, as the salaries are
dramatically lower than in Europe or the US.
Government Policy
The Government of India has recognized the
potential of IT-enabled services and has taken
positive steps by providing numerous incentives.
IT is one of the top five priorities of the
Government of India . The National IT Task Force
submitted its 1 OS-point Action Plan to promote IT
in the country. The Government of India has
approved the plan and is in the process of
implementing it.
A separate Ministry of Information Technology
was set up to expedite swift approval and
implementation of IT projects and to streamline the
regulatory process.
Information Technology Act 2000: The Information
Technology Bill that was passed in the Indian
Parliament in May 2000, has now been notified as
the IT Act 2000. The IT Bill brings e-commerce within
the purview of law and accords stringent
punishments to ''cyber criminals''. With this, India
joins a select band of 12 nations that have cyber laws.
Regulatory Enablers
100% foreign ownership permitted in IT Enabled
Services industry unlike other sectors where foreign
ownership is restricted.
Software Technology Parks (STPs) established to
provide ready to plug IT infrastructure and telecom
facilities.
Single window clearance for all regulatory
compliance issues.
Infrastructure Enablers
Basic, Cellular, Paging and Internet Services
privatized. Domestic leased circuit tariff reduced by
80% in last 1 year. International Internet Gateway
privatized-likely reduction in tariff.
As India emerges as a global outsourcing hub,
the industry is forecast to explode at exponential
rates - from 23,000 people and $ 10 million pa in
1998 to over a million people and revenues in excess
of $ 20 billion by 2008. Pivotal segments are going
to be back office operations, medical transcriptions,
insurance claims processing, customer interaction
centers and content development. Current trends
suggest that the country is well on course for
achieving the above target.
BENEFITS OF BPO
Improves productivity and operational efficiencies
Non-core business processes, such as human
resources and finance and accounting, are critical,
but also resource-intensive, time-consuming, and
costly. Outsourcing improves operational efficiencies
and drastically reduces costs without large, up-front
capital investments.
Reduce costs
BPO provides quantifiable benefits through
improved efficiencies, lower overhead, reduced
payroll and benefit expenses, and fewer capital
investments.
Allows organizations to focus on their core business
BPO allows organizations to move non-core
business processes to a services provider so that they
may focus on the more important strategic, revenue-
generating programs that create profitable growth
and sustain business success.
Ensures best practices, skills, and technology
BPO provides access to proprietary workflow
systems, processes reengineering skills, and
innovative staffing and delivery models, combined
with world-class technology delivered by experts.
Provide access to scalable operations and on-
demand resources
BPO provides the flexibility to respond to a
rapidly changing marketplace and scale operations
up or down as conditions dictate. In a BPO
engagement, Go4BPO delivers access to global staff,
processes, resources, and technology—wherever
and whenever they are needed.
Strengthen clients’ competitive position
Organizations must leverage a BPO strategy to
improve their financial and competitive positions
and differentiate themselves from competitors. BPO
results in increased customer satisfaction, more
efficient operations, access to global capabilities,
increased cash flow, and faster time-to-market.
?
63
 PARVEEN AKHTHER A.
Lecturer
Computer Science & Engg.

S teganography literally means covered writing. It is the

○

art and science of hiding information by embedding messages

○
○

within other. It works by replacing bits of useless or unused

○

data in regular computer files (such as graphics, sound, text,

○
○

HTML) with bits of different invisible information.This hidden

○
○

information can be plain text, cipher text or even images.

○
○

The art of Steganography dates back to ancient Greece,

○
○

where messages were etched in wooden tablets and they were

○

then covered with wax. Another method was by tattooing a

○
○

shaved messenger’s head, then letting his hair grow and then
○
○

shaving it again when he arrives at his destination and so on.

○
○

Steganography is used sometimes when encryption is not

○
○

permitted. Encryption is actually sending messages by hiding

○
○

the information contained in it and this may be known only

○

to the sender and the receiver. More commonly,

○
○

Steganography is used to supplement encryption. An

○
○

encrypted file may still hide information suiting

○

Steganography. Even if the encrypted file is deciphered, the

○
○

hidden message is not seen. Special software is needed for

○
○

Steganography and there are freeware version available at any

○

good download sites.

○
○
○

Steganography includes a vast array of methods of secret

○

communications that conceal the very existence of the message.

○
○

Among these methods are - invisible inks, digital signatures

○
○

etc.
○
○

Steganography is the art of concealing the existence of

○
○

information within seemingly innocuous carriers. It can be

○
○

viewed as akin to cryptography. Cryptograhic techniques

○

“scramble” the messages if intercepted and the messages

○
○

cannot be understood. Steganography in essence, “camouflages”

a message to hide its existence and make it seem “invisible”
thus concealing the fact that a message is being sent altogether.

64
An encrypted message may draw suspicion
while an invisible message will not.
Null ciphers (unencrypted messages) were
also used in Steganography. An example of
a message containing such a null cipher is :
Fishing freshwater bends and saltwater
coasts rewards anyone feeling stressed
Resourceful anglers usually find masterful
leapers fun admit swordfish rank
overwhelming anyday.
By taking the third letter in each word, the
following message emerges :
Send Lawyers,Guns, and Money.
Various Steganographic software packages
were explored. The evaluation process was
to determine the limitations and flexibility of
the software readily available to the public.
The files used for evaluation included two
“message” files and two “container” files.
The “message” files are those to be hidden in
the innocent looking “container” files. The
images selected had to be altered to fit into
the constraints of the software and other
containers were used. In all, a total of 25 files
were used as containers.
Information Hiding : Steganography and
Watermarking
Techniques for hiding information have
existed for centuries. Methods include
communication via invisible inks, microdots,
covert channels and spread spectrum
channels. The techniques explored by the
authors involved embedding information
within digital media, specifically digital
images. They analyse the limitations of these
digital methods which can in turn be used to
devise attacks. The goal of these attacks is to
expose the existence of a secret message or to
render a digital watermark unusable. Finally
in assessing these attacks counter measures
are developed to assist in protecting digital
watermarking systems. Understanding the
limitations of these methods will allow the
construction of more robust methods that can
better survive manipulations and attacks.
The main driving force is concerned over
protecting the copyright such as audio, video
and other works becoming available in digital
form, the ease with which the perfect copies
can be made and that may lead to large scale
unauthorised copying and this is of great
concern to the music, film, book and software
publishing industries. At the same time,
moves by various governments to restrict the
availability of the encryption services have
motivated the people to study methods by
which private message can be embedded in
seemingly innocuous over message.
Watermarking means hidden copyright
messages and fingerprinting means hidden
serial numbers or a set of characteristics that
tend to distinguish an object from the other
similar object, which is the latest advancement
in Steganography. The idea is that the latter
can be used to detect copyright violators and
the former to prosecute them.
Conclusion
Steganography has its place in security.
Hiding a message with Steganography
methods reduces the change of a message
being detected. However, if that message is
also encrypted, if discovered, it must also be
cracked.
Steganography is not a good solution to
secrecy, but neither is simple substitution and
short block permutation for encryption. But
if these methods are combined, we can have
even much stronger encryption methods.
References :
AT&T Bell Laboratories Research Web
Page, http://www.research.att.com.
Security and Privacy Issues by Nell
Johnson, http://www.jjtc.com/security
?
65
 SOJAN FRANCIS P.
Lecturer
Electronics & Communication Dept.

Ever since the era of Charles Babbage, computers had considerable development in all of its
parameters viz. operating speed, storage capacity, ease of use etc. They have also shrunk to a fraction
in size, increasing their usage. As the control and assistance exerted by the computers in the life of
mankind attained a status beyond imagination, the need of fast and secure long distance communication
between them came to the fore. When the technologies like WAN and Internet failed to fulfill the
desired connectivity due to cost and security concerns, Virtual Private Network (VPN) emerged as a
viable solution. It was conceptualized as an effective means for securely exchanging the information
between geographically distant locations using affordable public facilities like the Internet. It has the
same security and encryption features of a private network, while taking the advantage of the economy
and remote accessibility of public networks. VPN scores further as it is capable of handling even the
users on the move, bringing mobility into the enterprise-wide corporate network.
CREATION OF VPN
The key word in VPN is “Private”. Privacy and protection of data is of utmost importance while
deploying services over the Internet, where it can be vulnerable to attacks. The last thing any firm may
desire is their sensitive corporate information to end up in the hands of a competitor or a hacker.
Therefore a comprehensive solution might incorporate a firewall, router, proxy server and VPN software
or hardware. The creation of a virtual private connection is a three step process comprising
authentication, encryption and tunneling.
1. Authentication
Authentication is the process of differentiating between the authorized users from unexpected
intruders. It also identifies his privileges in the Network. Authentication can be done through passwords,
token and digital certificates. In order to authenticate the VPN users, a firewall is preferred. When
used in conjunction with strong authentication, VPN can effectively safeguard the network from the
intruders. Authentication is also performed periodically to ensure that the current entity is same, the
one which initiated the session.
2. Encryption
To ensure that the VPN is secure, controlling user access is only one part of the equation. Once
the user is authenticated, the data itself needs to be protected as well. Without a mechanism to provide
data privacy, information flowing through the channel will be in clear text and can easily be viewed
or stolen with a packet sniffer. Encryption of data ensures the secrecy, making it intelligible only to the
authorized users. The data is decrypted and converted back into readable text at the destination.
Although an unbreakable algorithm is yet to be developed, a sophisticated encryption system will
greatly minimize the chance for security gaps.
3. Tunneling
VPN creates a data tunnel between the server and the clients over existing TCP/IP protocol to
protect data from interceptions. Tunneling or encapsulation is the transmission of data - intended for

66
usage only within a private network, through a
public network in such a way that the routing
nodes in the public network are unaware that the
transmission is part of a private network. In this
method, the data packet is wrapped within a
TCP/IP packet. The client sends a stream of
encrypted data packets to a remote server which
instead of going through a dedicated line, go
across the tunnel. Data packets headed towards
the remote network will reach the tunnel initiating
device. It communicates with the VPN terminator
at the other end to agree on an encryption scheme.
The initiator then encrypts the packets and
transmits. At the terminator end, packets are
decrypted and delivered to appropriate
destination. Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) is
one of the most popular tunneling protocols for
VPN.
TYPES OF VPN
1. Remote-access VPN
Remote access refers to the ability to connect
to a network from a distant location. Also called
as Virtual Private Dial-up Network (VPDN), this
is a user-to-LAN connection that may be used by
a company having employees in need of
connecting to the network from various remote
locations. Normally, a firm that wishes to set up a
remote-access VPN will outsource it to an
Enterprise Service Provider. The ESP sets up a
Network Access Server (NAS) and provides the
users with desktop client software. The
Telecommuters can then dial to the NAS and use
the software to access the corporate network. Thus
Remote-access VPN permits secured connections
between a private network and remote users
through a third-party service provider.
2. Site-to-site VPN
This is the connection between two LANs
through dedicated VPN equipment and large-
scale encryption. In this case, the sites are
permanently connected to the service provider via
the gateway that performs the tunneling
procedure. Site-to-site VPN can be either:
X Intranet based : If a company has
many locations to be joined in a single private
network, Intranet VPN can be created to
interconnect various Local Area Networks.
X Extranet based : If a company has close
relationship with another, Extranet VPN can be
built to interconnect the private networks and thus
various companies can work in a shared
environment.
A client initiated Remote Access VPN is
established through the following procedure:
Step 1 : The remote user dials into their local ISP
and logs into the ISP’s network.
Step 2 : The user initiates a tunnel request through
the ISP’s network to the destination security server
on the corporate network. The server
authenticates the user and creates the other end
of the tunnel.
Step 3 : The data from the user’s end is encrypted
by the VPN software and transmits through the
tunnel over the ISP connection.
Step 4 : The destination server decrypts the
received data and forwards the data packets into
the corporate network. Any information sent back
to the remote user is also encrypted before
transmission.
Positive Aspects of VPN
 Low cost
Since VPN uses a public network like the Internet
to distribute services over long distances,
expensive leased lines become a thing of the past.
In a traditional WAN, the number of leased lines
increases exponentially as the organization adds
more and more offices into the network. This limits
the flexibility for growth, whereas VPN avoid this
bottleneck by tapping into an almost universally
available network.
 Reduction in Management Onus
Managing a VPN is a cakewalk compared to
owning and operating a private network
infrastructure. Outsourcing the responsibility to
a third party service provider makes it easier for
the management. Thus VPN can theoretically
alleviate the support burden, as the service
67
provider will generally be responsible for
supporting its dial-up customers.
 Scalability
Scalability refers the ability of the network
to adapt to the changing needs of bandwidth
and connectivity. For VPN, increase in number
of users does not result in increase of load as the
users are connecting from far off locations
through the Internet. Hence the network can
easily adapt itself to the dramatic increase of
users.
Downsides
Moving from a dedicated communication
network into a shared one, obviously presents
enormous security challenges to the
Management. Perfect security is almost
impossible to guarantee for the data though we
can ensure a satisfactory level by implementing
toughest available measures. Since VPN rely on
a public network, they are often at the mercy of
Internet Service Providers. Equipment problems
can plague them at any time. Lately ISPs are
improving the reliability of their networks by
making them more redundant and upgrading
the infrastructure, but few will offer 100 percent
availability.
Number of VPN users has not yet reached
a point enough to make it affordable in mass
level. High cost of hardware and software
required to enable the tunneled encrypted traffic
68
through the Net, makes the headway slightly
difficult. Other factors include staff to administer
the VPN and expense of Internet accounts for
end-users.
VPN Performance
There are a number of factors that can
contribute to the VPN’s performance. While
some of the issues may be related to the hardware
or software applications being used, much of it
depends on the Internet itself. The availability
and speed of services may differ from one area
to another, as well as provider to provider.
Performance also depends on the encryption
scheme being used, as well as the client’s ability
to process it. Highly encrypted data takes
considerable time frame to be transmitted,
especially for large packets being sent through a
dial-up line.
So, when would a VPN be more feasible
than a private network?
' Global Access: Though the cost of domestic
leased lines has gone down phenomenally, it is
still expensive and will take a longer installation
time.
' When a large number of locations needs to
be part of a network, it would prove impractical
to physically connect various locations to each
other, making VPN the better choice.
' When the mobile users are to be made part
of the network.
?
69
70
 I n this modern day, computers are fast
becoming necessities. An engineering student,
whatever stream he is studying needs to use a
computer even at home other than using it in
restricted hours at college. But when such a
student enters as a buyer in a computer market
he finds an overwhelming confusing scenario
with wide range of products. This feature tries
to shed some light on how to choose a good
computer, which would be nice on your desk
and on your pocket too.
Basically computer market is made of two
segments, branded and assembled.
A branded computer is a computer, which SUVESH G.
is sold as a complete entity without any change. Lecturer
It is usually a product made by large companies Electronics & Communication Dept.
(like Compaq, HP, Zenith, LG, etc) backed by
large number of service centres. But they are
pricey and also not entirely suited for our use
sometimes. An assembled computer is a
computer in which the different components are
decided by the buyer and assembled by a person
PC
known to the buyer or the computer product
seller itself. In this feature we will be dealing
with assembled computer as it gives us the
maximum juice for our money.
Shopping
But before we enter into our deliberations the buyer should first decide two important things.
1) The budget for the system-the cost may vary from Rs. 15000 to around Rs. 60000. Also there
may be extra costs due to computer peripherals depending on the user’s requirement.
2) What will be the system used for? Are you a guy who only browses, uses word processor,
listens to music and play simple games then only a simple PC will suffix but if you are a game enthusiast
or a video audio professional then you should go for a powerful costlier system.
A PC has mainly two parts, the basic system and the peripherals.
Basic system is made of these components.
Processor Motherboard Keyboard Display card Floppy drive
Monitor Speakers Hard disk Sound card Casing with SMPS
Memory Mouse CD/DVD drive
Some of the peripherals are given below.
TV tuner card Modem Network card Web cam Printers
Scanners Combo drive UPS CD/DVD writers
All in one printer Headphone with microphone

71
PROCESSOR
It is the heart of computer system,which processes our data at lightening speed. Nowadays the
processors, which we see around us, are mostly 32-bit processors(i.e.they process 32 bits at a time).
There are only two or three manufacturers, which are producing competing products in this field.
1) Intel is one of the most popular processor manufacturing industry. Their processors have very
high clock speeds, which helps them to process data quickly. But their products are pricey. They have
two series of products.
a) Celeron is a comparatively cheaper processor.
b) Pentium 4 having more processing power is the big brother of Celeron.
2) AMD (Advanced Micro Devices) was a slow starter but it has made its presence felt quickly.
It has made products, which are cheaper but gives the same performance as Intel’s products. They
also have two famous brand names.
a) Sempron, the cheaper version.
b) Athlon, the powerful version.
AMD’s processors have lower clock speeds but their pipeline lengths are smaller which makes
them quicker in some. They now have introduced 64 bit processor. Thus making them the future of
processing.
3) Cyrix- Their processors are slowly diminishing from market, as their clock speeds are very
low. But their products are very cheap
4) IBM (International Business Machines) They supply processors for the stylish computers of
Apple Corp.
Name of the Company Product Name Price Range
Cyrix Cyrix 1000-1500
AMD Sempron 2000-4000
AMD Athlon 64 Bit 5000-8000
Intel Celeron 3000-4000
Intel Pentium4 5000-10000

MOTHERBOARD AGP Slot for

keeping the graphic
It is the backbone of our system,which card
the slot for keeping
connects the processor to the memory, hard the processor
disk and all other input-output devices.
Different motherboards are needed for
different families of processors. Usually PCI Slots (5 slots)
motherboards are described best
depending on the chipset present in
them. Chipsets are the connections
(controller chip) in motherboard to Slot for connecting
which the processors are attached. the floppy drive
connector
Chipsets currently available for Intel are Slot for connecting Memory Slots
the hard disk
875,915,925, etc. While AMD uses connector (2 slots)
chipsets like Nvidia nForce2, 760, etc.

72
 Motherboards for Athlon are available in the Rs.2000-4000 range, while motherboards for Pentium
costs between Rs.2000 and Rs. 6000 depending on their performance.
When buying a motherboard we should also consider these things.
1) Maximum amount of memory (RAM), the motherboard can support.
2) The motherboard should have the latest chipset and should be able to support the latest memory
available in the market.
3) System speed (the speed with which data transfer occurs in the motherboard) should be considered.
4) At least three PCI slots should be present. PCI slot is a slot through which certain cards like TV
tuner card, sound card, modems, etc. are connected to the motherboard.
5) Similarly more than two USB ports are needed. USB ports are needed for connecting devices like
digital camera, portable mp3 player to motherboard.
6) Also watch out for new features like SATA, PCI Express, SLI, etc.

MEMORY
Memory acts like a buffer between the processor and the hard disk to compensate for the large
difference in speed of the two. Memories can be bought in a wide range of sizes from 32 MB to 1024
MB. Nowadays at least 256 MB RAM is a necessity without which some programs can’t even start. If
you are buying 256 MB it is always good to buy two modules of 128 MB, as the processor will take
data from two slots of memory at the same time thus increasing the overall performance.
The speed of memory is also an important factor, which has to be considered. The newest ones
run at speeds like 333 MHz, 400 MHz and 533 MHz.
The memories are of different types like SD RAM, RD RAM, DDR RAM and DDR2 RAM. Currently
DDR RAM is being used in our systems. Always buy memory from well-known manufacturers like
Hynix, Corsair, etc.

Product Name Price Range (in Rupees)

128 MB DDR 600 -1000
256 MB DDR 1000 - 3000
1 GB DDR 7000 - 8000

MONITOR
A good viewing experience can be got only if your monitor is from a good manufacturer. Refrain
buying monitors of unknown brands. Mostly LG, Samsung and Philips rule the monitor segment.
Monitors can be broadly divided into three groups- ordinary, flat and LCD. LCD screens are
the costliest of the lot. For a student, a 15 inch screen is more than enough and will cost less than
Rs. 5000 to Rs. 8000.
HARD DISK
Nowadays we are using video and audio much more than earlier used. So we need a spacious
hard disk. They come in all capacities from 20 GB to 250 GB. Buy at least an 80 GB hard disk which
has a good storage to price ratio. rpm (revolutions per mintue) is used to describe hard disk’s speed.
Till now 5600 rpm hard disks were available. But now the costlier models having 7200 rpm and 10000
rpm are making their presence felt.

73
 The IDE interface is cheap. The new SATA
(Serial ATA) interface is much better than IDE,
but costs a bit more.
The 40 GB hard disks usually costs about
Rs. 2500. 80 GB hard disks costs about Rs. 3000.
For those who want to store a lot, 120 GB and
160 GB hard disks are available in the price range
of Rs. 3000 - 5000.
COMPACT DISK DRIVE (CD ROM drive)
Without this drive you won’t be able to use
your video, audio and mp3 discs. Most of the
software is also got on CD’s these days. LG and
Samsung are the market leaders in this product.
If you want to read the DVDs too then shell out
a thousand rupees and you will get a DVD drive.
But today’s trend is towards the CD writer,
which helps us to write our important data
(videos and mp3) into CDs and stock them
safely.
CD ROMs are available in the 500 -750 price
range. DVD Drives and CD Writers are available
from Rs. 1000 to Rs. 2000.
FLOPPY DRIVE
It is very cheap (around Rs. 300 -500), but
is a necessity. So make sure you have a floppy
drive.
KEYBOARD
One of the oldest input devices, still it is one
of the most important one. At present most of
the keyboards in the market are Internet ready
(i. e. having certain keys which are specifically
for browsing). Before buying the keyboard, see
if the keyboard has soft keys and a wide armrest.
Ordinary keyboards cost about Rs. 300 while it
may be as high as Rs. 2000 for wireless variants.
MOUSE
Like keyboard it should be comfortable in
your hand. Scroll mouse is a very good idea. The
scroll helps in quickly navigating through long
text files. Normal mouse costs anything between
Rs. 250 and 500.
CASING WITH SMPS (SWITCHED MODE
POWER SUPPLY)
Casing or cabinet is usually bought with
SMPS in it. SMPS is the power supply, which
converts the ac supply into the dc voltages (3.3V,
74
5V, 12 V) as required by the different components
in the system. Cabinet’s choice is dependent on
the aesthetic sense of the user. The cabinet’s front
panel should at least have one USB port for
connecting different peripherals like digital
camera, portable hard disk, etc.
SMPS used should be a quality product
having 300W specification at least. But if you
are having power guzzling graphic cards and
processors in your system them the SMPS should
also be powerful. So you should consider moving
to the SMPS with 400W or 450W.
Casing costs about Rs. 1000 - 2000 while
SMPS costs about Rs. 400 - 600.
SPEAKERS
In the present day a multimedia PC without
speakers is unthinkable. The price range of
speakers is wide from Rs. 250 to around
Rs. 50000. When comparing different speaker
systems, don’t compare the PMPO (Peak Music
Power Output), which is misleading. Always
compare the rms power. There are even high-
end speakers (5.1,6.1,7.1,8.1 systems), which
conform to Dolby digital, DTS and THX
standards. But they are prohibitively expensive
costing above Rs. 20000.
Most of the motherboards sold today have
sound card and display card integrated into
them. So if you have less money to spare, you
don’t have to buy these cards as the inbuilt cards
are of very high quality. But if you are a
demanding user you can obtain these cards.
Normal display cards cost about Rs. 2000 while
the high performance cards may costs Rs. 10000
or more. An ordinary sound card costs less than
Rs. 500 while the cost of high quality sound cards
may be atleast Rs. 2000.
We have gone through the different
components required for your system. Before
ending this article I want you to know that each
of these components would be having individual
warranty. Don’t forget to get the warranty cards,
software CDs and user manuals from your
assembling store. And it would be a good idea
to remain with the assembler while the system
is being assembled. The prices shown here are
as on August 2005. This is a very dynamic field
and the price scenario changes very rapidly.
?
1. SPEED UP YOUR INTERNET CONNECTION
(works for Windows XP Professional)
By default, MS-Windows XP Pro uses 20% of the user’s modem
bandwidth for updates, interrogation etc. If you use a 56 kbps
modem, XP Pro reserves about 11 Kbps for its exclusive use.
(Modem may show 56 or 54.6 or other speeds, but fact is that
you don’t get the whole speed).
Here’s what you should do:
(i) Click Start | Run | type 'gpedit.msc'.
(ii) This opens the policy editor. Then go to Local Computer Policy |
Computer Configuration | Administrative Templates | Network
| QOS Packet Scheduler | Limit Reservable bandwidth. SANJEEV S.
(iii)
Click 'Explain' tab. S5 CS
Read the details.
(iv) Now Enable reservable bandwidth & set it to zero than default 20%....
........ and watch your system speed up.
2. LOCK YOUR PC WITH A FLOPPY DISK
(1) Click Start | Run.
(2) Type ‘Syskey’ and OK.
(3) You have now entered Windows XP Account Database. Click on Update Window button.
(4) In the next window, your options should say you have a system generated password and startup key
locally will be selected. Choose store startup key on Floppy disk and follow on-screen instructions.
(5) Done!! But BE CAREFUL, make sure the floppy drive or system will not Boot up. #

75
 -

An introduction to Hardware VEENA V.

When most people think about computer technology, they S5 CS
think only about hardware because it is the physical, touchable
material parts of a computer. upgrading this single component can
It would be nice to offer a framework for understanding some bring new life to an aging system.
of the key hardware concepts, a good rule of thumb is, if you can Installing expansion cards is one of
delete it, it’s software, if not, it’s hardware. i.e. practically anything the most common system upgrades.
that you can see and touch are classified as hardware (like CPU, Before installing, it will be a good idea
keyboard, disks, chips, cards etc.). On the otherhand the programs to make sure that it will work in the
and operating systems that work on the hardware are collectively system to be upgraded. The latest
referred to as software. Software can be removed with the click of technology available for installing
button, while hardware requires a little more physical effort to expansion cards is called plug and
get rid off. play, which allows the user to make
The types of hardware are endless, but commonly used are configuration changes with minimal
computers, peripherals and network hardware. Printers, monitors, adjustment.
modems, scanners and external drives are all considered Upgrading an IDE (Integrated
peripherals to the computer. Network hardware includes all the Drive Electronics) drive requires some
wires, cables, routers and switches that let computers talk to one hardware (correct drive, place to
another. This is the hardware that is usually handled by the system install and proper cables and software
administrator and not the users. System administration and creating a bootable MS- DOS disk
maintenance or upgrading hardware by computer hardware containing disk utilities) preparation
professionals can help to keep the network from crashing or even to get it running properly.
our computer from crawling. Installing a new motherboard is
Upgrading a Computer one way to completely overhaul a
computer. To undertake this major
In today’s world of constant change, the task most frequently
overhaul is a major task. Replacing a
performed by a computer professional is upgrading old systems
motherboard is probably the most
to the latest technologies. The ability to expand and upgrade
difficult task that a computer
computer can prolong the life and utility of the system. With new technician will take up.
technology being introduced everyday, it is a constant struggle to So if we carry out the procedures
stay up-to-date. step by step at a time, we will not face
The problem that most frequently causes users to seek a computer any problem in computer upgradation.
upgradation is about the need for more computer’s memory. As we conclude, the following two
Memory upgradation is perhaps the simplest to perform, but they points will summarize the main
can be very confusing without advanced planning. The five things elements of upgrading the computers.
to be considered before installing memory are:
* Performing upgradation is one of the
* Memory chip format- Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM) or most common tasks of a computer
Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM). technician.
* Memory Speed -it is the time required to access data measured * Good knowledge in computer
in nano seconds. hardware is an essential requirement
* EDO RAM - Extensively used with Pentium processors to for upgradation.
improve the over all performance.
* Parity - It is used to check the reliability of data.
* Cache memory (L1 & L2)- It is fixed in most cases but some
machines allow the 12 cache to be upgraded or expanded.
As a hardware technician, we must know how to up date the
CPU in an existing machine although installing a new CPU is
becoming less common as prices of a new motherboard or even
new machines continue to drop. Upgrading a CPU is very simple
but understanding the possible scenarios for a successful upgrade
can be more challenging. As CPU is the “brain” of the computer,

76
?
 LIJO JOHN
S5 AE
R esistors and capacitors are used in much
larger quantities than any other type of components.
But have you ever wondered why these are stocked
and sold only in “standard values”? For example,
the value of resistors commonly available in the
market, say from I kiloohms, are 1k, 1.2k, 1.5k,
1.8k, 2.2k, and so on.
Resistor manufacturers produce certain fixed
values only, and not all possible values. Then, how
are these values arrived at? These are neither random
numbers nor any fancy numbers but are based on
the principle of geometric progression. The numbers
shown in the above example are more commonly
known as the ‘preferred values’.
The concept of preferred values (standard
values) was suggested by Charles Renard in 1870.
He had suggested a similar scheme to reduce the
enormous number of cordage sizes used for ballon
moorings in the French army. Electronic industries
subsequently adapted these series of numbers for
ease of production and stock.
Standard E series
By definition, a geornetric Progression is written
as
N= arn-1
where a is the first term, r is the common ratio,
and N is the nth term in the geometric series.
Renard suggested a formula for choosing the
common ratio ‘r’. If ‘k’ represents the number of
units in a decade (i.e. number of distinctive values
in a decade), then the common ratio ‘r’ to be chosen
for optimum stock is given by
r= √10
k
He also suggested to choose first term a=1.
Therefore, the series becomes N=(√k 10)n-1
N=1*(√k 10 )n-1
For example, if it is required to choose three
distinctive values in a decade, substitute k=3
in the above equation.
Then r = √10 =2.2
3
Hence N = (2.2)n-1
Then values in a decade are 1.0, 2.2 and
4.7.(Note that the values are rounded off), we
call the above as E3 series in electronic
standards, denoting three preferred values in a
decade.
The E3 series will be 1.0, 2.2, 4.7, 10,
22, 47,..... and so on in the subsequent
decades.
Other 'preferred value' series are E6, E12,
E24, E48, and E96. Applying the same
principles, the series and their decade values
are shown in Table 1(only E3, E6, E12, & E24
series are shown here).
Manufacturers normally choose one E-
series and produce components accordingly.
Usually, resistors are available in E12 and E24
series, capacitors in E6 and E12 series
(electrolytic type in E6 and other in E12) and
potentiometers in E3 series. Generally, E 24
series onwards are used only for precision
components.
77
 TABLE 1
Preferred Values
E3 E6 E12 E24 E3 E6 E12 E24
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.3 3.3 3.3
1.1 3.6
1.2 1.2 3.9 3.9
1.3 4.3
1.5 1.5 1.5 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7
1.6 5.1
1.8 1.8 5.6 5.6
2.0 6.2
2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 6.8 6.8 6.8
2.4 7.5
8.2 8.2
2.7 2.7
9.1
?

78

The Swedish industrialist Alfred Nobel directed
in his will that out of the interest received from a
foundation which was to be established, five prizes
should be awarded every year: ''One part to the
person who has made the most important discovery
or invention in the field of physics;one part to the
person who has made the most important chemical
discovery or improvement; one part to the person
who has made the most important discovery in
the field of physiology or medicine; one part to
the person who has produced the most outstanding
literary work of an idealistic trend; one part to the
person who has done the most or the best for the
brotherhood among the nations....” Later on one
more discipline was added to the list. In 1968,
the Bank of Sweden instituted the prize in Economic
Sciences in memory of Alfred Nobel. The prize
winners are announced in the month of October
every year. They receive their awards (a prize
amount, a gold medal and a diploma) on
December 10, the Anniversary of Nobel’s death.
Since the first Nobel prize was awarded in
1901, Alfred Nobel’s wish in his will has been
carried out almost every year. The members of
the jury selecting the prize winners have repeatedly
distinguished themselves by their impartial
judgement. In the scientific sphere the award of
the Nobel prize is ,without question, the highest
distinction.
Dr. VINEETHA. C. P.
Sr. Lecturer in Chemistry
The first Nobel prize for Chemistry was
awarded to professor J. H. Vant Hoff,(Berlin) for
the discovery of the laws of chemical dynamics
and osmotic pressure in solution. In the next year
(1902) professor Emil Fischer was the winner of
this prestigious prize in recognition of his
investigation on sugar and purines, in which
research attained ''its greatest and finest form”. In
1903, the award was presented to professor
S. Arrhenius, Stockholm for the contribution he
has rendered to the advancement of chemistry by
his electrolytic theory of dissociation. Sir William
Ramsay, from London discovered the inert gas
elements in air and determined their place in the
periodic system which fetched him the Nobel prize
in 1904. In the subsequent year, A. Von Baeyer
received the award for his services in the
advancement of organic chemistry and chemical
industry, through his work on organic dyes and
hydroaromatic compounds.
A French scientist H. Moissan (1906) won this
coveted prize for the isolation of the element
Fluorine and for the adoption in the service of
science of Electric furnace called after him. Buchner,
then professor at the Agricultural University in Berlin
opened up the way for chemical investigation of
cell free fermentation processes. In recognition of
this contribution he received the 1907 Nobel prize.
The award in 1908 was presented to Professor
79
E. Rutherford of Manchester, for his investigations
into the disintegration of the elements and the
chemistry of radioactive substances. Wilhelm
Ostwald suceeded in finding the fundamental
explanation of the already well-known and
technically utilized process of catalysis by way of
combination with Thermodynamics. For this and
for many other achievements, he was honoured
with the Nobel prize in 1909. In 1910 Otto
Wallach received the Nobel prize for his pioneering
work in the field of alicyclic compounds which
contributed to the growth of organic chemistry and
chemical industry.
Ms. Marie Curie, Paris was honoured in 1911
for the discovery of the Radioactive elements,
radium and polonium. Next year this award was
shared by V. Grignard and P. Sabatier,
Grignard,for the discovery of the Grignard reagent
and Sabatier for his method of hydrogenating
organic compounds in the presence of finely
disintegrated metals. Their contributions have
helped the development of organic chemistry in
later years. Noble prizes awarded in chemistry
later have been mostly for the contribution in the
field of organic chemistry as evidenced by the
following: Richard Martin Willstatter (1915);
Heinrich Wieland (1927); Adolf Windans(1929 );
Sir Walter Haworth (1937); Paul Karrer (1937);
Adolf Butenandt (1939); Leopold Ruzicka(1939);
Sir Robert Robinson (1947); Kurt Alder (1950);
Otto Paul Hermann Diels (1950); Hermann
Standinger (1953); Linus Carl Pauling (1954);
Vincent Du Vigneaud (1955); Robert Woodward
(1965); Sir Derek Harold Richard Barton (1969);
Sir John Cornforth (1975); Vladimer Prelog (1975);
William N. Lipscomb,Jr. (1976); Herbert Charles
Brown (1979); George Witting (1979); Roald
Hoffmann (1981); Donald James Cram (1987);
Jean- Marie Lehn (1987); Charles J. Pedersen
(1987); George A. Olah (1994); Robert F. Curl
(1996); Sir Harold W. Kroto (1996); Richard E.
Smallay (1996).
So far we have been discussing about the
contributions of the distinguished chemists who won
Nobel prize in the twentieth century. More recently
it is found that a Nobel prize in one year is shared
by a group of scientists or more than one group
80
of scientists. In 2001, the Nobel prize was shared
by two groups of research workers; one by William
Standish Knowles and Ryoji Noyori for their Chirally
catalysed hydrogenation reactions and the other
by K. Barry Sharpless for the chirally catalysed
oxidation reactions. The 2002 Nobel award was
one half jointly to John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka
for their development of soft desorption ionisation
methods for mass spectrometric analysis of
biological macromolecules and the other half to
Kurt Wuthrich for his development of nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy for deterrmining
the three-dimensional structure of biological
macromolecules in solution. In 2003, the prize
was awarded for discoveries concerning channels
in cell membranes; one half of the prize to Peter
Agre for the discovery of water channels and the
other half of the prize to Roderick Mackinnon for
the structural and mechanistic studies of ion
channels. The prize was shared by Aaron
Ciechanover, Avram Hershko and Irwin Rose in
2004 for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated
protein degradation.
The 2005 award goes to Yves Chauvin
(France), Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock
(USA) for the development of the metathesis
method in organic synthesis.
Of course, one may not forget to mention
persons who received Nobel prize more than once
and the field of chemistry has some such examples
to show. The first one is Maria Sklodowska- Curie
(1911) who had already received the Physics prize
in 1903 for her studies on radioactivity, while Linus
Pauling (1954) received a second prize in 1962
for his peace efforts. Biochemistry is the only field
which can show a person receiving two Nobel
prizes in Chemistry namely Frederick Sanger who
was honoured in 1958 and 1980.
In chemistry we find compared to other
disciplines-the broadest range of institutions hosting
Nobel prize winners.
United States is with a ratio of 38.3% of all
Nobel prize Laureates, the dominant country.
Germany (20.6%) and U. K (17.7%) follow on
rank 2 and 3. Undoubtedly the Nobel prize is the
highest honour that a scientist can ever dream of.
?

Libraries are obselete because reading is
no more an interesting hobby. This is the
information technology era . Everything is
obtained on the Internet.
Has the Internet put an end to the reading
habit? Serious and conventional reading still
exists without much changes, though the
means and objects may have changed. Harry
Potter, fifth volume [Harry Potter & the Half
Blooded Prince] is a good example for this. On
the publishing day itself, amazon.com [world’s
largest online book seller] got above 5 lakhs of
booking for this volume from U.K. itself. Even
though, all newspapers are available in online
form, nobody is logging on to manorama
online.com or mathrubhumi.com, early
morning by sipping up a cup of black tea.
The Internet is not at all an alternative to
libraries. Millions of people around the world,
find it amazingly simple to search for any
information such as articles on artificial
intelligence, marketing tips for managers,
communication tips, interviewing techniques,
access to matrimonial bureaus and so on. So
it is likely to think ''google is a blessing to
mankind”. That is why almost all queries are
laid to millions of sites. Among these sites a
few would be relevant for a particular user.
Due to the abundance of sites, users can’t go
through all these. It is like an ocean of
knowledge without a navigator. Then how
can a user sail through this chaotic condition?
NASIRUDHEEN T.
Librarian
But libraries are well organised and well
arranged place of knowledge, administered by
knowledge managers. Due to technological
explosion, libraries have witnessed a drastic
change. That is, by the emergence of digital
libraries, it is nothing but an organised
collection of digitalized materials with no
physical counterpart which can be accessible
entirely from a desktop computer. This is the
fulfillment of the motive of the libraries, ie to
provide right information to right users at the
right time.
The Internet and the world wide web are
not digital libraries. They have provided the
impetus and technological environment for
the development and operations of digital
libraries. Internet and web are the key
components of digital libraries. But digital
libraries are much more than this. A digital
library could be accessible any where, at any
time, in a much richer content and in a more
structured manner. Digital libraries facilitate
better preservation and conservation because
an accurate copy of an original can be made
available any number of times. They occupy
less space and need less man power. They
facilitate a scholar to refer his library, even by
lying in his bedroom. Unlike the Internet,
digital libraries have navigators- they may be
called librarian, knowledge managers or
human search engines.
?
81
82
84
 AKHIL E. R.
S1 S2 CE

T houghts have great power.

Thoughts are like seeds you plant in your Mind.
The more ypu hold to a particular thought, the more power you invest in it.
Positive thoughts give us energy and strength.
Negative thoughts rob us of power and make us feel tired and strained.
We are by nature - positive.
Negativity is the result of faulty thinking.
You can change if you want to.
You can’t control other people, situations or circumstances,
But you can control what is going on inside you.
It takes time to change those old patterns of thinking.
Be patient with yourself.
It starts with a positive thought.
To All My Friends

85
 PARVEEN S.
S1 S2 EC

I wonder what has happened to me

Because I can Neither drink nor eat.
I miss your smile that brought a smile to my face
And your “Hello” that added colours to my life.

Now you never ring me or remember me

Still you have a special place in my heart.
I close my eyes and see you beside
That’s what you are and you will be for me.

But It’s all over now, because

Now I have understood that
Our lives are like parallel lines
That can Never meet and will never meet.....

?
86
 G. N. MOHITH
S5 CE

If a child lives with criticism, he learns to condemn.

If he lives with hostility, he learns to fight.
If he lives with fear, he learns to be apprehensive.
If he lives with pity, he learns to feel sorry for himself.
If he lives with jealousy, he learns to feel guilty.
If he lives with encouragement, he learns to be confident.
If he lives with tolerance, he learns to be patient.
If he lives with acceptance, he learns to love.
If he lives with approval, he learns to like himself.
If he lives with fairness, he learns to value justice.
If he lives with honesty, he learns to value truth.
If he lives with security, he learns to have faith in himself and others.
If he lives with friendliness, he learns that the world is a good place to live in.

Facts:
A human relationship is not a mechanical application of techniques,
it is the key to helping people.

87
 ASWAJA N.
S1S2 EC

Looking back, I just see the red stone wall behind my back,
Against which I sit reclined.
But gazing dreamily on to it,
Do I not see the past, the years that have gone by?
They’ll never come back because they have flown.......
Then the night comes and I watch the star - studded sky,
The moon’s beams encompass me, and make my spirits high.
Now I see myself as a plump little babe
Kicking its legs and its eyes in spate;
And mother comes running,lifts up her ‘little princess’ in her warm hands
Ah ! Those I must say were the best days of my life.
When every little wish was carried out,
When you could eat anything under the sun,
When you were free to run about and have lots of fun,
When there were no restrictions, no worries, no pains and no gains.
Then the kicking babe grows up,
Into a whining school kid with a satchel,
‘I can’t part from mum’, she yells.
And of course she’s named, ‘the naughtiest girl in school’
Then, through the rain-beaten window pane,
I see mum running behind me with a cane,
As I’d rolled in mud and got wet in the rain!!
Suddenly, I woke up from my trance,
I’m brought back from my dreamy prance.
Then did I realise that I was no longer a child!
But I pray to the Lord even now,
‘Please turn me back into a kid once more,
Bring me back those ages of yore.
let me cuddle into mum’s lap again,
And forget everything else which gives me pain’........
?
88
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Ip∂n≥ apI-fn¬ Ib-doSmw
Iq´-cp-sam-Øm-Ip-∂n≥ \ndp-Ib- n¬
BImiw t\m°n-°n-S-∂o-Smw.
Ip∂n≥sN-cp-hnse ]qt¥-\-cp-hn-bn¬
Iq´-tcm-sSmØp Ifn-®oSmw
C. K. RAVINDRAN
Administrative Assistant
\o¥n-Øp-Sn°mw apßmw Ipgn-bnSmw
]ns∂ sh≈m-c-¶√p s]dp-°oSmw
]mSsØ c≠mbv ]Ip-Øp-sIm≠v
t]mIpw sN٨ tdmUn-eqsS
ssk°nƒ Nhn´n ]Sp-]m-´p-]mSn
hne-ks´ Rms\≥ tXmg-cp-ambv
\K-ca- ≤
- y-Ønse _lp-\ne ^vfm‰n¬
Pbn-en¬ \ns∂s∂ ]pd-Øp-hnSq
\K-ch- ¬°-cW - Ø
- n≥ sISp-Xn-bn¬s∏-´o˛
{KmaoW \∑-Iƒ t]mboSpw aptº
Hcp h´w IqSn \pI-cs´ Rms\≥
#
{Kma-Øn≥ imeo\ kuIp-amcyw.
89
au \w XI¿Ø Nmb-°q-´p-I-fn¬
IÆp-\o-cn-‰n‰p hoWp
au\w XI¿Ø kz]v\-ku-[-ß-fn¬ P. N. RAJANARAYANAN
hm°p-Iƒ _‘-\-ÿ-bmbv InS-∂p. Lecturer
inin-c-Øns‚ XWpØ Im‰n-t\m-sSm∏w Electronics & Communication Dept.
Hcp hnjmZw tXß-embv Hfn-®p.
{]nb-ap≈ taml\ kz]v\-ß-sf-∏tgm
au\-Øn≥ I\Ø taem-∏n-sem-fn-t®m-cp-Imew
Hm¿Ω-Iƒ hs∂s∂ ]nd-tIm-´p-h-en-°p-∂p.
lrZ-b-Øn¬ kqcy-\p-Zn-t®m-cp-Imew
IÆns‚ Ipgn-I-fn¬ kz]v\-߃ tImcn-\n-d-t®m-cp-Imew
kz]v\-߃ taml-ß-fmbv Nnd-Ip-s≈mcp IpXn-c-sb-t]m¬
A\¥ hnlm-b- n¬ hnl-cn® t\cw
au\-Øn≥ I\Ø taem∏v s]m´n®v
Db-cp-hm≥ a\- n¬ Ipdn-t®mcp Imew
]nd-In¬ \n∂mtcm hnfn®p
Ccp-´p-hoW tImem-bn-bn¬; DΩ-d-∏-Sn-bn¬;
sNfn-]p-c≠ XnÆ-bn¬; hm¿≤-Iyamw
Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bpsS thcp-Iƒ.
Ipgn-hoW IÆp-I-fn¬ kvt\lm¿{Zamw \\-hp-ambn
Cud≥k-‘y°pw ap‰sØ Xpf-kn°pw
Zo]w sXfn-°p∂ _‘-Øns‚ _‘-\-߃.
\n -lm-bm-h-ÿ-bpsS ]mc-ay-߃
G¥n hen-s™s∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ,
Du¿≤z≥ hen®pw \ndp-ØmsX ]ndp-]n-dp-Øpw,
Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂t√m Poh≥ I≠n´pw ImWmsX ]nd-tIm´v t]mcp-tºmƒ
Iºnfn ]pX-∏n-\-Sn-bn¬ \ns∂s∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ, I¿Ω-sa-t∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v ho≠pw Ime-sa≥ \mh-dp-°p-∂p.
ssIam‰w sNbvX ]q¿∆nI taml-`m-fi-߃ hcnI hcnI au\ta
Fs‚ inc- n-e-a-cp-tºmƒ; ]pW-cpI Fs∂ \o \ns‚ I\Ø `mh-ß-fm¬
am™ knµq-c-߃; NnX-dnb kz]v\-߃; saØ-sbm-cp-°pIsb\n°p \o \ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬
NnX-e-cn°pw taml-߃; ]d-bmØ hm°ns‚ s]mSn-]n-Sn-s®m-tcm¿Ω-Iƒ
Ccp-´p-]-c°pw tImem-bnbn¬\n∂v Xf¿∂p-d-ßs´ \ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬
Bbncw IÆp-ambv Fs∂ t\m°p-tºmƒ; Hm¿Ω-Iƒ Xmgn´p C∂p Rm≥ ]Sn-bn-d-ßp-tºm-gpw˛
]Sn IS-°m≥ Hcp-ßp-sa≥ Imep-I-fn¬ then-°-cn-In-embn aµm-c-]p-jv]-߃ ImWp-tºmƒ,
_‘-\-ß-fpsS Nße ]q´v hogp-∂p. \oeIp-dn™n-Iƒ ]qØXp ImWp-tºmƒ,
\ns‚ I¿Ωsat∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v Nn¥-bpsS thc-dp-°p-∂p. FXn¿]m´p tIƒ°p-hm≥ Ipbn-ep-]m-Sp-tºmƒ
\ns‚ tbmK-sa-t∂m¿Ωn-∏n®v Imep-sI-´p-∂p. Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ tZim-S-\-]£n ]mSp-tºmƒ
]n∂n¬ \n∂mtcm hnfn-s®∂ t]mses‚ knµqcw Nmen®v k‘y ad-bp-tºmƒ, k‘y-sb˛
Imep-Iƒ ]nd-tIm´p t]mcp-∂p. Nµ\w Nm¿Øp-hm≥ N{µ≥ DW-cp-tºmƒ
Bÿm\ Ip-Xp-InIƒ s]m´n-®n-cn-°p∂p Cud≥ Xtem-S-embv Ipfn¿°m‰p hoip-tºmƒ
Fs‚ taml-ku-[-ß-fpsS hmXn-ep-I-f-S-bp-∂p. Hm¿Ω-Iƒ HmSn-b-W-bp-∂p-≠n-t∏mgpw

#
IÆn¬\n∂p apXn¿∂ c‡m-{ip-I-W-ßsf sNdnb Xtem-S-emb,v ho≠p-samcp t\mhm-bpw.

90
 GEORGE MATHEW
S5 EC

A long distance have I come

Travelling through different paths of life
Many dead ends have I come across
Many a time have I seeked the wrong path.

Today, as I am all alone, my mind not free

I could sense the past rushing; a feeling of eerie
All those painful memories, those tragedies
Instances of suffering, incidents of prejudice.
The past is a shadow, so vague
A blur; worse than a dreadful plague
Leaving behind in its trail, a mirage
Of pain and suffering, of humiliation and rage.

Memories are one’s most prized possession.

And when I peek into the past to find that passion.
That memory which could be cherished to the end
All I see is darkness, to the emptiness it blend
Times of misery, remorse and torment.
When have I mourned over the wounds that time couldn’t mend.
I used to have many hopes, many dreams.

But now in my sleep, I could hear the dreadful scream

Of my soul as it tries to extricate
From the very clutches of a horrible fate.

I came to the realisation that in my soul

Endured not but one memory that I can cherish
Not one thought which would make me happy.

Smile is nothing more than a mere mask

To hide the gnawing pain within.
My soul is as black as ebony, pure as a pearl
I found no better words to describe me-The Black Pearl.
?
91
 \nW-a-Wn-s™-Ønb \Zn-tbm,
aWn-tam-l-\Km\w aqfn,
hrW-hp-am-b-cnsI \n¬°pw MOHAMMED RIYAS A. M.
aW¬°-c-b-tX‰p ]mSn.
S3 EC
cp[n-cw-t]dpw ac-W-°-c-tbm,
A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS \b-\-Øm¬,
cXv\m-I-c-tam-Smbv tNmZn-®p,
bXv\-an-sX√mw hrY-bmtbm?
ssiew t]mepw inc p Ip\n®p;
^etam \mSn≥ i‡n £bn-®p.
]c-tZ-in-Isf B´n-b-I-‰nb
hoc-∑m-cpsS \mSn≥ KXn-I˛ aÆp Inf®p \S-°p-tºmƒ.-.....
≠Ise \oem-Im-i-Øn-cp∂v F∂psS ho´n¬ hmgpw tZho
a-Is\ ]pW-cm≥ t\m°o tZhn \n∂psS \n{Z-bn¬ \n∂p-W¿∂oSq!
IØn-°p-Øp-Iƒ I≠p aSpØv hmfn≥ Xpºn¬ Poh\p tIgpw
aØp-]n-Sn-s®mcp a\-tam-sS, Afn-X≥ \n\Zw tI´o-Sq.
CØn-cn-sh-´s - Øm-Øn-cn-t\cw sXmgp-I-tømsS \n¬°mw tZhn
IpØn-bn-cn-°m≥ tXm∂o-√. Igp-I-∑m-sc-b-I-‰o-Sq.
hc-≠aÆn¬ hnc-≠] - mZw sshI-ey-߃ am‰n-an-\p°n Cu
]cØn \n¬°m-\m-hn-√. sskI-X-sam∂v hncn-®o-Sq.
ASn-]-X-dm-sX-b-Xn∂p aosX agphpw ]mc-bp-sa√mw \o°n
ASn-b\p \n¬°m≥ Ign-bn-√. Ag-In≥ hkv{X-ap-Sp-∏n-°q.
A¥n-a-bßpw ap≥s]-t]mepw ss\¿Ω-ey-Øn≥ hnØp-hn-X®v
A¥n-°p-cp-S-∑m-cpsS hrµw [¿Ω-Øn≥ IXn¿ sImbvXoSq
a\p-jy-P∑w ISn-®p-Io-dm˛ hniz-an-Xn¬ im¥n kam-[m-\-Øn-\˛
\\p-Zn-\-a-hs‚ sImXn-tb-dn. \iz-c-am-sbmcp Nnd-tI-Iq.
]qhn-∂n-Xfp Nhn-´n-sa-Xn®v
t\mhn-∂m-\-µ-Øn¬ ebn-®v,
F∂psS \mSns\ ]t≠-t]mse
\n∂p-tS-Xm-°n-Øo¿Øo-Sq. #
IÆpw Icfpw I\nhpw \in®v

92
 RAJITHA DAS
S5 CS

A s dusk descended upon the quiet streets,

As night opened its dark wings;
Crouched in a corner of an empty street,
Lay asleep a poor hungry lonely child.
I happened to pass by that day,
And stopped for a while to observe the child.
Hunger had caught him in every way,
His ragged clothes calling out his plight.
The day’s rain had also played its role,
In soaking the child from head to toe.
I wondered how he managed to sleep,
For the nights chill bit into the skin too deep.
The swollen eyes on his tear dried face,
Showed the pain of his weeping heart.
I wished I could drive away all his sorrows,
Free him from all his tears.
It was pitiful to see him in distress,
But what could I do for I was myself homeless!

?
93
 Hm¿a-I-fn¬
ag s]øp-tºmƒ
\\™ Nnd-Ip-ambv
Hcp Xpºn Nncn-°p∂p ˛ _meyw
am©p-h-´n¬
\\™v IpXn¿∂v
VISHAL. A. THARAKAN
amß hogp-∂Xpw ImØv˛
S5 CE
\n¬°p-tºmƒ
Im‰v hoin-Ø-Wp-∏n®
kz]v\-°q-Sv- ˛ -a-\ v
t…‰v XpS-°m≥
hgn-b-cp-In¬ \n∂v
]dn-s®-SpØ ]®-bpsS˛
X≠n¬ \n∂q-dn-bXv ˛ Poh≥
F¥n-s\-∂-dn-bmsX
hncn-s™mcp ]qhns‚
Np≠n¬ Icn-h≠v
tImdnb Nn{Xw ˛ PohnXw
Ime-tasd IS-∂n´pw C\nbpw
Xpcp-ºn-°mØ hm°v ˛ {]Wbw
HSp-hn¬,
Nq≠-s°m-fpØv
ao\n-t\mSv ]d™,
]d-™mepw XocmØ IY ˛ acWw

94
 HRITHU PRAKASH
S5 CE

k¶-ev]ß
- s
- ft∂ t]mbv Xpe-™p.....
ac-hn®p t]msb≥ _p≤nbpw `mh-\bpw......
Aa¿∂p Rm≥ imkv{X-Øn≥ Icm-f-l-kvX-Øn¬,
C∂p Rm≥ Xnc-bp∂p F∂nse Fs∂-Øs∂!
tI´p Rms\m-cp-]mSv aÆn≥ Ncn{Xw
]t£, tI´-tX-bn√ Rm≥ ]pXp-a-Æn≥ K‘-kp-J-sØ-∏‰n
\oscm-gpIpw thKX Rm\-f-s∂m-cn-°¬
AXn-sem-fn°pw cmK-ta-sX∂p tNmZn® Rm≥ Xncp-a≠n
\£-{X-Øn≥ LS-\t- bmXn imkv{Xw,
F∂n´pw, imkv{Xw ]d-™n√o \£-{X-߃ {]W-bZ - q-Xs
- c-∂v...
\pW-°Y - I
- ƒ ]eXpw ]d™p ^en-∏n®p KWn-Xi - m-kv{Xw,
taL-߃ ]™n-s°-´p-Is - f-∂m¬ ]pXn-sbmcp ^en-Xa- t{X!
hc®v kuµ-cy-am-kz-Zn®p iuNy-Kr-l-Øn¬ t]mepw
Adn-™n√ Cuiz-c≥ hc® P∑-Kr-l-Øn≥ kuµcyw
]Tn-∏n®p alm-ku-[ß - ƒ Xo¿°m≥˛
Im‰p-I-fn°pw Ac-bm-en≥ XW-e-dn-bm-Ø-h¿ Ch¿
]√n-fn®v ImWn®p Ãoepw tIm¨{Io‰pw
F≥ a\- mSpw Xmfi-ha- d - n-bmsX
aXn-{`-an-s®∂p ]d™p ]ecpw
kzbw ac-hn®p Rm\-Xn¬ \n›ew
C\n-sbmcp tamN-\s- a-\n-t°-Ic - ptX!
# C∂o Nß-e-I-sf-\n°p Iq´p-Im¿!

95
 SUNIL N. J.
S5 CE

Im¨hm- \ m- I p- ∂ n√ Cs∂≥ Hcp t\m°p Z¿in- ° m≥ h∂nXm

{]nb tXmgs\ _‘p- a n- { Xm- Z n- I ƒ
It≠- b n- c n- ° p- t ºm- f - d n- ™ n√ I≠p aS- ß p- t ºmƒ angn- I ƒ \\- ™ n´pw
Cu \·- k - X yw. hmhn- ´ - e - ® n´pw
F{Xtbm Ime- a mbv F∂n- ´ p- a pƒs°m- ≈ p- h m- \ m- I p- ∂ n√m
H∂m- b n- c p- ∂ n- ´ p- s at¥ Cu \·- k Xyw
Hcp t\m°p ImWp- h m- \ m- I p- ∂ n√m th¿s∏´p t]mb- X mWo
Hcp hm°p t]mep- a - h ≥ {]nb- t Xm- g - s \∂
Dcn- b m- S n- b n√m {Iqc kXyw
Hcp t\m°p ImWp- h m≥ I≠pw Ic-™pa-h¿ thZ\ Xo¿°p-tºmƒ
I¨Xp- d - ∂ n√m H∂n- \ p- a m- I msX H∂p- a - d n- b msX
\n{Z- b n- e m- ≠ - h ≥ GIm- ¥ - \ mbv Rm\n- c n- ° p- ∂ p.
angn- I ƒ AS- ® nXm ho≠p- s a- ∂ - W - b p- s a∂p \n\®v
XocmØ \n{Z- b n¬ {]Xo- £ n®p Rm\n- c n- ° p∂p
im¥- a m- b - W - b p- ∂ p. th¿]m- S n- s ∂mcp thZ- \ - b m- I m- s X.

#
96
97
 sa‰¬ jo‰p-IƒsIm≠v at\m-l-c-amb ta¬°qc
A¥m-cm-j{S \ne-hm-c-ap≈ Tile Profile Sheet -Iƒ HmSns‚ BIr-Xn-bn¬, hnhn[ \nd-ß-fnepw hep-∏-
Ønepw e`n-°p-∂p. hne-bn¬ Xmc-Xt- ay\ Ipd-hp≈ Cu jo‰p-Iƒ ]m¿iz-`n-Øn-Iƒ°pw ta¬°q-cI- ƒ°pw
`wKn-tb-Ip∂p F∂p am{X-a√ sSd- n\p apI-fn¬ NqSpw, tNm¿®bpw XS-bp-∂-Xn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.

George Metals
akthan Thampuran Nagar
Sakthan Nagar,,
Near Heart Hospital, Thrissur - 680 001
Phone :0487 - 2443503, 2423453,
2443097, 2426914. FFax
ax : 0487 - 2429709.
Mob :9846033040, 9846080709

Trade enquiries in unrepresented areas solicited

ents of:
t complim
With bes

Manufacturers of Process Control Instruments

1. Oscilloscopes (Analog & Digital/STORAGE) 10 MHZ to 2 GHZ
2. Digital/Analog Multimeter. 1. Digital temperature Indicators/Controllers.
3. Linear/SMPS Power Supplies (variable, Fixed & Multi o/p) 2. Thermocouples & RTT.
4. Function & Signal Generater 3. Digital Speed Indicators/Controllers.
5. Decade Resistance/Capacitance/Inductance Boxes. 4. Digital Process Timer/Counter 4/5/6 (µµp Based)
6. Digital/Linear IC Trainer Kits
7. MicroProcessor Kit 8085/8086/8088 5. Digital Panel meters (All types)
98 Digital/Linear IC Tester.
8. 6. Inductive type proximity sensors/capacitive/Optical sensors.
#12, 7th Crs, 3rd Mn, Brindavan Nagar, Mathikere, B’lore - 054. Tel Fax : +91-80-23472659. Mob : +91 98451 21558. Email : addblr@sify.com. Website : www.addblr.com
 DAWNY JOY
Lecturer
Applied Electronics &
Instrumentation Dept.

Cu d-\m¿∂ Ccp≠ CS-\m-gn-s°m-Sp-hn¬,

Cu kv^SnI hmXn- e n¬ Hcp Nph∂ Ipcnip
AXn- \ p- a - ∏ pdw \n≥ \odp∂ ta\n, ]mXn- b - S ™
angn- I ƒ, \n≥ [a- \ n- I - f n- t e- s °m- g p- I p∂ sN∂nWw
tcmK- Ø n≥ cq£KŸw Xnßn- h n- ß p- a n- h n- s S,
ImØn- c n∏q Rm≥, \n≥ Ic- N - e - \ - Ø n- \ m- b n.
\n{Z- s bm- g n- t ™mtcm cmhpw ]Iepw
s\dp- I nse Ip¶p- a - Ø n≥ Imh- e m- f mbn
GI- b m- b n, \n∂- c n- I n¬ \n¬°- s h,
Hcp- \ mƒ, B ip{` hkv{Xw [cn- ® - h ≥.
lrZb- Ø n≥ \mZw tIƒ°p- ∂ - h ≥
]d- b p- I - b mbn \n≥ kv]µ\w \ne- ® p- s h- ∂ v.
taml- Ø n≥ Nn√p- ] m{Xw DS- ™ pthm?
\mw s]dp- ° nb Ip∂n- a - W n- I fpw NnX- d ntbm?
Cu ]pXp- a - Æ n≥ K‘hpw AI- ∂ pthm?
\n»- _ vZ- a m- h p- I tbm Cu Ipbn- e p- I fpw?
H∂n®p hµn®p {]`m- X - ß - s f√mw, C\n
Hm¿Ω- X ≥ IS- e n¬ AkvX- a n- ° - b m- b n.
\mw Xpg- s ™mcm taml- Ø n≥ Ifn- h ≈w
Zni- b n- √ m- X - e - b p- I - b mbo C∂o IÆo¿°- S - e n¬.
aßnb Nn{X- i - e `w IWs° ]d- ° p- I ,
\obn\n hnlm- b -   n¬ Db¿∂p ]d- ° p- I .
\nXy- X - b psS ]q°ƒ ]p¬I- s h, t\mhns√m
cn°- e pw, C\n im¥n- X ≥ a[p- \ p- I - c pI \o.
hk¥w h∂n- √ , Ip™p- ] q- ° ƒ hncn- ™ n√
angn- \ o¿∏q- ° ƒ hncn- b pao ]q¶m- h - \ - Ø n¬
ImØn- c n- ∏ q, Zn\- s a- Æ n- b n- c n- ∏ q.
Rm≥ \n≥ Acn- I n- s e∂p hcp- s a- t ∂m¿Øp.
#
99
 MANO MOHAN
Instructor
Mechanical Dept.

]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta \o ]dbq \o˛

sb≥ tNmZy-߃s°√mw DØcw ]dbq
BcmWo `qansb NqSp-tNm-c-bn¬ K‘-a-Wn-bn-®Xv
`qansb kr-jvSn-s®-∂m-tcm-]n-°p-s∂m-cm-]n-Xr-°tfm?
AtXm ]≠hpw ]Whpw NpSp-tNm-cbpw \¬In
]nXr-°sf krjvSn-s®mco aqV-a¿Øytcm?
{]Ir-Xn-X≥ krjvSnsb ssZh-Øn≥ t]¿sNm√n
Cu [cWn bp≤-°-f-am-°n-b-Xm-sc∂v
]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o
]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta F≥ ]nXr-Xz-Øn-\-h-Im-in-bmw
Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Ch-\mWv \n≥ ]nXm-sh∂v
Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Ch-\mWv \n≥ ]S-®-h-s\∂v
a‰p Nne¿ ]d-bp∂p Cu Icnw-I-√mWv \n≥ krjvSn
I¿Øm-sh-∂v.
CXn-teXp Z¿i-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Rm≥
k©-cn-t°-≠-sX∂v ]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o
{]IrXn X≥ kXy-ßsf ssZh-Øn≥ IÆneqsS
t\m°p-s∂mco a¿Øy-k-¶¬∏-ß-fn-eq-sStbm
AtXm {]Ir-Xn-X≥ kXy-߃ a¿Øy-t\-{X-ß ˛c-‡-km-£n-bm-Ip-hmt\m
-fn-eqsS t\m°p-s∂mcm ]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o
\· bmYm¿∞y-ß-fn-eq-sStbm F¥n-\mbv Rms\≥ c‡ao aÆn-sem-gp-°Ww
]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta \o ]dbq ]nXr-°ƒ°-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-\¿l-X-bn-√m-sØmco
Rmt\Xp hgn-Øm-c-bn-eq-sS-bmWv k©-cn-t°˛ kz¿§-an-√msX \cIw krjvSn-°p-hmt\m
≠Xv ]dbq \o ]dbq AtXm \]pw-k-Iamw a¿Øy¿
]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o kzm¿∞amw kz]v\-߃ ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øp-hm-\mbv
Rm\o `qanbn¬ ]nd-∂-tXXp I¿Ø-hy-Øn-\m-sW∂v Xs‚ kz]v\-߃ th´-bm-Sp-tºmƒ
]dbq \o ]dbq \n»-_vZ-cmbv t\m°n \n¬°p-s∂mcm
{]Ir-Xn-X≥ ]nXr-XzsØ Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v \n¿`mKy tkmZ-c¿°p th≠ntbm
s]‰-Ω-X≥ `qansb A¶-Ø-´m°n am‰n ]dbq {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o B clkyw
]nXr-Xz-Øn≥ AkvXnXzØn-\mbv XΩn¬ XΩn¬ Ime-߃ X≥ bh-\n-I-bn¬
t]mcmSn kzb-an-√m-sX-bm-Ip-hmt\m C\n-bpam clkyw Hfn-∏n®p hbv°msX
AtXm acp-`q-an-bn¬ s]bvXn-d-ßp-s∂mcm ]dbq \o {]nb-k-Xyta ]dbq \o ]dbq
ag-Øp-≈n-Isf C\nbpw sshIn-bm¬ \c-I-Øn≥ Xpey-am-sbmcm
h¿≤n® Zml-tØmsS Bhm-ln-s®-Sp-°ps∂mcm ]nXr-°ƒ X≥ k¶¬∏-ßfpw
aW¬Ø-cn-Isf t]m¬ c‡-°-dbpw am{X-am-bn-cn°pw tijn∏q Cu
a¿Øy¿ X≥ tNmc-°mbv Zmln-°p-s∂mco kz¿§ob `qan-bn¬....
k¶¬∏ ]nXr-°ƒs°-Xn-cmbv t]mcmSn hoc˛
#
100
NISHAF P. S.
S5 CE

Hm¿Ω-Iƒ°v ac-W-an-s√-s∂≥ kJn ]d™p

Hm¿Ω-I-fnem t\cns‚ cq]hpw `mhhpw
NnI™p Rms\-t∂m¿Ω-I-fn-te-°q-fn-bn-´p.
Imev]-\n-I-X-bpsS temIØp \n∂-hƒ hs∂≥ ssI]n-Sn˛
t®m¿Ω-I-fpsS ImWm-°-b-Øn-te-s°s∂ sIm≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p.
XnÆ s]m´nb hmI-a-c-Øn≥ Nph-´n¬
\n≥ ]mZ-kz-c-Øn≥ kzchpw ImØv
ap√-sam-´p-I-fn-e-g-Im¿∂ \n≥ aµ-kvan-Xhpw ImØ˛
£a-\mbn Rm\n-cp-∂n-cp-∂Xpw
Nn¥-Iƒ sImSpw ImSp-I-bdpw t\c-a-hƒ
hs∂≥ Nmsc-bn-cp-∂Xpw
Hcp sNdnb I≈-∏n-W-°-a-hƒt°In ]cn-`hw \Sn-®Xpw
AXp-I≠p \o sIm©n-∏n-W-ßn-bXpw
Rm\n∂ptam¿°p-∂p.
Ccpƒ hogm≥ XpS-ßn-sbm-cn-S-\m-gn-bn-eqsS \mw
kz]v\-߃ ]¶p-sh-®p-\-S-∂Xpw
Fs‚bpw \ns‚bpw kpJ˛Zpx-J- `m-c-߃
\Ωp-tS-Xm°n am‰n-bn-cp-∂-Xpw,
Hcp km¥z\ kv]¿i-ambn \n≥ap-Sn-bn-Xƒ Xtem-Sn-bXpw Ime-߃ ambv°m≥ Xp\n-s™mcm
BZy-ambv \n≥ ta\n-bn-se≥ kv]¿i-\-ta-‰-t∏mƒ hnImc \n¿`-c-tam¿Ω-Iƒ, ambmsX
\o tImcn-Ø-cn-®Xpw a\- nse aWn-s®-∏n-sem-fn-∏n-®p.
\n\°p \¬Im-\mbv am{X-sa≥ IpSn-em-¶-W-Øn¬ hnS ]d-bm≥ t\cw,
Rm≥ \´ sNº-\n-\o¿ Xøn¬ \osb\n-t°-Inb hmSnb sNº-\n-\o¿ ]qhnse
BZy-ambv hncn™ ]\n-\o¿ ]pjv]w sImgn™p hoWn-cp∂ ss\¿a-ey-Z-f-ß-fn-eqsS
\n\t°In-b-t∏mƒ \ΩpsS taml-ßfpw C√m-Xm-hp∂p Fs∂≥
BZy-k-Ωm-\-ambv \osb≥ Ihn-fn¬X∂ a\ p a{¥n-®p.
kvt\lm¿{Z-am-sbmcm NpSp-Npw-_-\hpw ]s£,
NpSp-\n-izm-khpw F√mw ad-°m-s\-\n-t°-Inb hc-Zm-\-a-t∏m-tg°pw
Rm\n-∂p-tam¿°p∂p hgn-bn-se-hn-sStbm \jvS-s∏-´n-cp-∂p.

#
101
 ○

○
AJESH T.

○
hnP-\ao hoYn-bn¬ \nXyhpw

○
○
S5 EC

○
○
au\w ab-ßp∂ \nanjßfn¬

○
○

○
Ae-bp∂ Im‰ns‚ Adn-bmØ ioep-Iƒ
○

○
○

○
{ipXn-teb `wKn-bmbn ImXn¬ apg-ßth

○
○

○
○

○
Hm¿Øp-t]m-Ip∂p Rm≥ ]n∂n-´-h-gn-Ifpw

○
○

○
○

hgn-Iƒ X≥ HmcsØ Pohn-X-k-Xy-hpw.

○
○

○
○

\nXy-ap-J-߃ X≥ Xoc-Øp-\n∂p Rm≥

○

Bcmcpw Adn-bmsX bm{X-bm-bn. C‰n-®tXm hnj-Xp-≈nbpw

○
○

HSp-hneo ]mX-X≥ NmcØp \n¬°p∂p Adn-bmØ hoYn-bn¬ Ah-sc-s∂sb-dn™p.

○
○

Ac-bm-en≥ tNmsS-\n-bv°p-ambn Adn-bm-Ø-sXm-s°bpw A\p-`-hn®p

○
○

Adn-bp∂p Rms\≥ I\-hnse `mchpw k]vX-h¿Æ-Øn≥ \nd-°q´v Nm¿Ønb

○

Ben-e-Xm-e-Øn¬ Bflmhv ]¶p-h-®-∂-h¿ amcn-hn¬ tim` Rm≥ tI´-dn-™p.

○
○

HmXnb hm°p-Ifpw ""\obm-Wv, \obmWv Poh≥ t{]b- nbmw \n≥ ZpxJ-Øn≥ Bgw

○
○

\o Xs∂-bm-sW≥ Pohn-Xhpw''. KZvKZ IWvT-Øm-e-dn-bp∂p Rm≥

○
○

hm\n≥ aSn-bnse Icn-ta-L-°q-´-߃ IÆo¿ XpS-bvt°-≠-sX-hn-sS-sb-∂-dn-bn√

○
○

IW-ß-fm-bn, h¿j-ß-fmbn tImcn-Ø-cn-∏n® bm{Xm-samgn sNm√p∂p ho≠pao ]Yn-I≥.

○

B\µ thf-bn¬ ImXn¬∏d™p \o sas√˛ Adn-bmØ Pohn-X-k-Xy-߃ tXSp-hm≥

○
○

""\n∂-¥-cw-K-Øn¬ XpSn-∏p-Iƒ I≠ Rm≥ Bflm-`n-am\w hn‰∂w sXc-bp∂

○
○

F{Xtbm `mKy-ap-≠m-b-hƒ''. Bflm-°ƒ \nd-bp∂ sXcp-hp-I-fn¬

○
○

\ng-enepw, \o‰enepw, kz]v\-Ønepw, Ime-N-{I-Øns‚ Xncn-b-en¬ temIhpw

○

a\ pw Xncn-s™mcp \mfns‚b¥y-Øn¬

○

F¥n-s\≥ Pohn-Xhpw \o Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

○

Xqsh≈ {]X-e-Øn¬ tImcnb Nn{Xtam Adn-bp∂p Rms\≥ Nmc-Øn-cp-∂-hƒ

○
○

\n≥ aqKvk-em-h-Wy-hpw. \obm-bn-cp∂p \o Xs∂-sb≥ ]qØpºn

○
○

]mX-Iƒ ]n∂n´v Xf¿∂p Rm≥ \n∂p A∂p \mw ]ncn-bp-tºmƒ sas√ \o

○
○

]Yn-Is‚ bm{X-bn¬, PohnX bm{X-bn¬ ""ImØn-cnbv°pw Rm≥ \msf-{X-bm-bmepw

○

cma-I-Y-bnse koX-sb-t∏m¬''.
○

Ae-bp∂ t{]X-߃ Ae-bp∂ cm{Xn-bn¬

○

\nµy-cq-]-߃°v Rm≥ Iog-Sßn ]mdn-∏-d-°p∂ Iq¥-en≥ D≈n¬ hmSn-°-cn™

○
○

Ah-scs‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ hnjw Ie¿Øn a\- n¬ {]Xo-Iamw ]mcn-Pm-X-Øn≥

○
○

Zmlw he-®-sb≥ IWvT-Øn¬ CXƒ Xs∂-b-s√tbm \n≥ Pohn-Xhpw.

○

#
○

102
 ANTONY SUNNY
S5 CS

O ur
teen Cricket life
Ceases with a wife
on 20th or 30th overs
when we are all jobbers .

In the bribe-blaming pressure

lively batsman fail to fetch treasures.
The pressure of family balls, red
and the tr easures of livelihood, bread.

When balls bounce over the head

They hook it over the first night bed .
When balls swing to abdomen, hot
They kneel to play the sweeping shot .

When balls york to the toes, bottom

They drive st raight with mind rotten .
When balls turn to the offside end
They pull bat for a future mend.

At last, but.......................
It struck the life ball out
and makes the males “ALL OUT!”
And in the bribe-blaming pressures
lively batsman, fail to fetch treasures.....
?
103
 DHANYA BALAKRISHNAN
S5 CS

I start my day by sitting on a chair,

Giving my monitor a hard, cold stare,
By evening I’m done with another coding,
Oh! This has become a routine so boring.

Like all, I entered this field with great hope,

Jobs were many and there was plenty of scope,
Dreams of joining the likes of Gates,
And a chance to make money in the States.

Thus, I entered the world of bytes,

Only to realize that reality bites,
‘Coz a programmer’s life, isn’t all that cozy,
The bed of software, isn’t all that rosy.

Seeing the monitor all day and night,

Have taken the power off my eye sight,
Late to bed and late to rise,
Has made me wealthy, but not healthy and wise.

Working holidays, busy weekends,

No time for family, no time for friends,
My job steals most of my time,
Helplessly, I watch this crime.

Just for bits of money,

I forego those moments with my Honey,
When I should be out, having fun,
I’m telling a comp, what’s to be done.

I hate U, yet I can’t get away,

‘Coz, I need the money U pay,
God, to thee I pray,
If there be one-show me the way.
?
104
tamln-®n-Sp∂p Rm\n∂p shdpsX
_meyw Ih¿s∂-SpØ Ime-߃
cmhn≥ \n»-_vZ-X-bn¬ ambmsX
hmk¥ eXnI ]fp¶p _meyw
Ime-Øn≥ GIm¥ tImWn¬
AS¿∂n-Sm-sXbo Hm¿Ω-s®-∏nepw
{]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\-ao-`q-hn-te°n
dßn-Sp-∂n∂p ]mcn≥ s]m∂p-j- n¬
]mdn ]d-°p-∂bo h¿Æ-i-e`w
t]msesb≥ _meyao ]mcn¬ BSn
{]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\ao Xcp
JABEZ K. VARGHESE
Pe-s]mSn ]S-em-Zn-I-fn-teXpw S5 CE
Ipfn-tcm-Sn-]-g-In-bn-cp-∂Xp t]mepw
am[p-cyao Infn-Iƒ X≥ KoXhpw
Ipfn¿a-tb-Ip-∂bo ssii-h-ß-fn¬
kzmX-{¥y-a¿ln-°pam iIp-\n-Iƒ X≥
\`- n≥ afi-e-Øn-se-∂-t]m-sebn
_mey-߃ {]Ir-Xn-bn≥ hc-Zm-\-a-Æn¬
AΩ-tbm-sSmØp \S-°m≥ ]Tn-®Xpw
]n® ]n® sh®p \S-∂-I-∂Xpw
aÆn≥ ^e߃ km£n-Iƒt]mepw
{]]-©-`w-Kn-bn¬ `qhn¬ A∂p
sX∂n hoWXpw Ic-™Xpw
hnkvabw ]qIn-Sp∂p kvacn-®n-Sp-In¬ sX{XtbmtamZao amXm-]n-Xm-thm-sSmØv
Hc-Ω-X≥ \mhn¬ \n∂q-dn˛ Hcp Poh-Xao _mey-Im-e-ß-fn¬
Cu ]qsam-´n-\m-in-j-a-\-s®-∏n¬ AkvX-an-®o-Spao am\-h-Øp-Sn-∏p-I-fn¬
Xgp-Io-Sp-∂-g-In\hXm-camw IY-Ifpw DZn-®p-b-cpao hm¿Xn-¶ƒ t]msebpw
]pecn X≥ Znhm-Ic Inc-W-ßfo hnS¿∂p hcpao ]qsam-´p-t]m-sebpw
a™n≥ ]p¬X-In-S-bn¬ t]msebo tim`n®nSp-∂bo \njvI-f-¶-_meyw
tImcI NnØ-Øn¬ Xg-Ip∂p AS¿∂p hogp∂ am\-k-s®-∏p-I-fn¬
B\µ ]p¬Ø-In-S-bn¬ InSØn hnÆn≥ Ia-\o-bamw ]q¿tÆ-µp-sXm´p
Xmcm-´p-ambn \n{Z-bn-em-°n-Sp-s∂m-c-Ωbpw W¿Øn-Spao \dp-tX≥ kpK-‘-_meyw
hm’-ey-\n-[n-bm-WobΩX≥ Aw_c Xmc-I-߃ km£n-I-fm-Ith
Ic-Øn-en´v sas√ Xgp-Inbpw Ac-hnµapIpfw am™p-t]m-Ip-∂pthm?
IY-I-fp-c-sN-bvXp-d-°o-Sp-∂p-bo-b-Ω. Ime-Øn≥ I\-I-\n-emth ambmsX
Dd-ßp-∂pbo hm’-ey-a-Sn-Ø-´n¬ \osb≥ _meyw XncnsI Xcptam?
kpc-£-tbm-sSbo Ipcp-∂p-_meyw shdp-sX-bo-tam-l-sa-∂-dn-™n´pw B hk¥w
`mKy-an-tX-Ipao ssZh Icp-X-en¬ Hcp h´w- IqSn, shdp-sX,
\nXy-kp-c-£-bmeo ssiihw shdp-sX-sbmcp tamlw!
aµ-am-cp-X-\mbo XmX≥ X≥ km∂n-[y-hpao

#
105

Mother’s harmonious voice called out wild,
come back - come back my child
Her voice is with a rhythmic strain,
Haunting waves of sadness - all in vain,
But the child - mischievous child,
Has his ears deaf and vision blind.
The rising sun tells the story
Past fury and the glory.
Golden moon crawls through all night
And dreams along amidst day light.
Timid trees, meadows and the greenery
All spellbound by your maternity.
The mist, the fog and tiny dew drops.
Melts the heaviest of the rocks.
Mother you are beautiful,
With sections of life - bountiful.
But still your mistake haunts you,
One of your sons has betrayed you.
He walks along challenging you
Destroying blossoms anew.
He persuades you to change
But you never change a bit.
106
DENIS A. GEORGE
S1S2 EC
He is polluting you with fumes of death,
He is ruling you from head to depth,
You are put to struggle in depravity,
As he prowls along with cruelty.
But still Oh! mother your pious mind
Confers him a chance to respire in your mind.
And still you, mother shall surely witness
death of your son, who is rushtless.
He will pinch himself off with anguish,
and hence forever perish.
Neither a relic nor fossil.
Shall survive that ferocious struggle.
This will be the prize
of your deed - the mistake.
Yes you committed a mistake.
You made him think
You gave him brain
You made him earn food
With no pain
You made him survive,
adapt - adapt, this is your mistake
your lone misdeed.
?
107
108

ae-bmfn ae-bmfw ad-∂pthm? Cu tNmZy-Øn\v C√ F∂
DØ-cw-sIm-≠p-am{Xw Xr]vXs∏-Sm-\m-In√. ae-bmfn ae-bmfw ]q¿Æ-
ambpw ad-∂n-´n√ F∂Xv kXyw Xs∂. ]t£ B ae-bmfw Hcp-]mSp
amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp ]Øp-h¿jw apºp≈ ae-bm-ftam ae-bm-fn-
tbtbm \ap°v ImWm≥ Ign- b p- I - b n- √ . Ime- t `- Z - Ø n¬
ae-bm-f-Ø-\na Fhn-sStbm Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´p. X∑qew ae-bm-f-Øn-
t\‰ apdn-∏m-Sp-Iƒ DW-°m≥ Hcp Ime-Øn\pw Ign-bp-I-bn-√.
F¶nepw B c‡-°d ambv°m≥ BXy¥ ]cn-{i-a-Øn\p Ignbpw
F∂Xv ]c-am¿∞-am-Wv.
C∂sØ ae-bmfn ap‰sØ ap√-bpsS aWw Adn-bp-∂n-√.
A°-sc-bp≈ ]® I≠v NmSm≥ XpS-ßn-bn´v Ime-ß-fm-bn. XXv^-e-
ambn ae-bmfn Hcp-]mSp amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. thj-Øn¬, `£-W-
Øn¬, A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn¬, kmwkvImcnI kao-]-\-ß-fn¬, kmº-
ØnI taJ-e-I-fn¬, kmaq-ly-_-‘-ß-fn¬ F∂p-th≠ Ah-s‚, `mj-
bnepw Ah≥ G®p-Iq´n. ]t£ B G®p-sI´v apg-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv
Ah≥ ImWp-∂n-√.
aq∂mw-Xcw XpS¿°-Y-Ifpw, XpS¿ko-cn-b-ep-I-fpw, ASn-®p-
]-c-Ønb cmjv{Sob {]`m-j-W-ßfpw \nd™ ssZ\wZn\ `mjm-\p-`hw
am{X-amWv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°n∂v kz¥-am-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Hm¿Ωn®p-h-bv°m≥
\√-Xmbn H∂p-an-√m-Xmbn A[x-]-Xn-®n-cn-°p∂p C∂p \mw tIƒ°p-
∂Xpw hmbn-°p-∂-Xp-amb `mj.
A`y-kvX-hn-Zy¿ t]mepw C∂v km[m-cW kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬
Hscm‰ hmN-Ihpw ]q¿Æ-ambn ae-bm-f-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m-dn-√.
F¥n\v, BwK-teb ae-bmf an{i-`m-j-bm-Wv ae-bmf am[y-a-ß-fn¬
t]mepw ImWp-∂Xv. Pohn-X-Øns‚ hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-߃°v `mj
Iogvs∏-Sp∂p F∂ temI-kXyw am{X-amWv ae-bm-f-Øn\pw kw`-hn-
®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F¶nepw ae-bm-fsØ Xncn®v ]gb \ne-bn-te-s°-Øn-
t°-≠Xv Bh-iy-amb Imcyw Xs∂-bm-Wv.
`mj shdp-samcp Bi-b-{]-Im-i\ hn\n-ab D]m[n am{X-a-√.
ss]Xr-IØ - n-s‚, kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS, hnip-≤n-bpsSsb√mw {]Xo-Ia- mWv
`mj. imkv{X-km-t¶-XnI hnZy-bpsS hf¿®bpw {]tbm-K-hpw, hn]p-
eo-I-c-Whpw aqew `mj-bpsS apJhpw amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-W-Øns‚ Bhn¿`mhw aqew `mj IqSp-X¬ A{]-
k-‡-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv F∂ hkvXpX X¿°-a-‰-Xm-Wv.
amXr-`m-j-bn-ep-≈ {]mKev`yw h¿≤n-°pI hgn Nn¥m-i-‡n-
bmWv hf-cp-∂-Xv. Adn-hns\ kzmwio-I-cn-°-W-sa-¶nepw Adn-™-Xn-
\p-a-∏p-d-tØ°v a\- ns\ B\-bn-°-W-sa-¶nepw amXr-`m-jbvt° Ign-
bp-I-bp≈q F∂Xv \n w-ibw Dd-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.
JISHA T. B.
S1S2 CS
amXr-`mj teiw-t]mepw ]Tn-°m-sX-bmWv ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-
bnse Hcp hn`mKw Cfw-X-e-ap-d-°m¿ hf¿∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. apXn¿∂-h¿
\s√mcp `mKw kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv BwK-teb ae-bmf an{i-`m-j-bpw.
G‰hpw A[nIw cmPy-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xpw sXmgn¬
km[yX h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂Xpamb `mj at‰Xp `mj-tb-°mfpw {]m[m\yw
t\Spw F∂Xv \·-kXyw Xs∂-bm-Wv. AXmWv ae-bm-f-Øn\pw BwK-
teb `mjbv°pw CS-bn¬ kw`-hn-®n-cn-°p-∂X - v. X∑qew ae-bmfw A`n-
ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]iv\w cq£-am-sW-¶nepw icn-bmbn Ku\n-®m¬ efn-
X-ambn ]cn-l-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]s£ ae-bm-fsØ ae-bmfn Ku\n-
°p-I-tbm- AXn¬ A`n-am\w sIm≈p-Itbm sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ thtdXp
a\p-jy-cmWv ae-bm-fsØ Xncn-®-dn-bp-I.
ae-bmfw am[y-aam-bp≈ ]mTime-bn¬ ]Tn-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv
km[m-c-W-°m-cmb ae-bm-fn-Ifpw Ah-cpsS a°-fpw. ae-bm-f-]-{X-
߃, amkn-I-Iƒ F∂nh [mcmfw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. \√
IrXn-Iƒ cNn-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆhpw Ipd-h√ F¶nepw ae-bmfw
ae-bm-fn-bpsS a\- n¬\n∂v ]n≥\n-c-bn-te°v hen-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-
I-bm-Wv.
ae-bmfw kmlnXy {][m-\-amb `mj-bmWv F∂-Xp-sIm≠pw
hnZym-`ymkw kmln-Xy-]-c-ambX√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠pw D]-cn-]-T-\-Øn\v
BwK-teb `mj D]-tbm-Kn-t°≠n hcp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-amWv ae-bmfw
]n≥\n-cb - n-te°v X≈-s∏-Sp-∂X
- v. ae-bm-fØ
- n¬ {]Xy-£s- ∏-Sp∂ IrXn-
Iƒ F√mw-Xs∂ kmln-Xytam AXp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-htbm BWv.
AXn-s\-°p-dn®v Adn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂-h-cpsS FÆw Zn\w-{]Xn
Ipd-™p-h-cp-∂p. ]ns∂-sb-ßns\ ae-bmfw c£-s∏-Spw.
ae-bm-fsØ AXns‚ icn-bmb A¿∞-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥
Ign-bmsX hcp-tºmƒ ae-bm-f-Øns‚ [z\n-Iƒ°v aq¿® Ipd-bp-I-
bm-Wv. AXp-aqew ae-bm-fn°v Xs‚ X\na \jvS-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. \ne-
\n¿tØ≠ X\n-a-sb-¥m-sW∂pw AXn-\-∏pdw t\tS-≠-Xm-bn-´p-≈Xv
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kz`m-jsb kvt\ln-®p-Xp-S-ßpw.
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bm-fn-Iƒ XpS-ßpw. amXr-`m-jsb Xnc-kvI-cn-°p-∂-h≥ kzbw Bflm-
lpXn sNøp-I-bm-sW-∂Xv A¿≤-cm{Xn IpS-]n-Sn-°p∂ Ch¿ a\- n-
em°n hcp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. F√m ae-bm-fn-Ifpw B kXyw a\- n-em°n
Ign-bp-tºmƒ ae-bm-f-Øn\p \√ Imew ]nd-t∂°mw!
?
109
 In our day-to- day life we often come across the situations where we get the knowledge of an event before
it happens or become aware of something that is out of sight, or can read what another person thinks etc. This
happens without the use of any of our five senses. Hence we call this ability as Extra Sensory Perception (ESP)
which literally means 'awareness outside the senses’. Some people also call it as 'sixth sense’.
But the scientists as well as psychologists are not unanimous about the existence of ESP. The controversy is
that this phenomenon can be explained in other ways and Science has not been able to either explain or prove
this. Branch of Science which deals with the phenomena which are happening without obeying any of our
natural principles is called ‘Parapsychology’. In 20th century research into parapsychology was also conducted
at some universities, notably at Duke University under J .B. Rhine and he has published a book named Extra
Sensory Perception.
There are four basic areas of experiments in the field of extra sensory perception. The experiments involved,
telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition and psychokinesis. The ESP researchers use a special deck of cards which
contains certain symbols.
In telepathy experiment a person tries to read the mind of other person. Telepathy involves sending of thoughts,
feelings or knowledge from one person to another without any apparent medium. Clairvoyance is the state of
being mentally aware of something that is out of sight . Precognition is the knowledge of an event by means of
telepathy or clairvoyance before it happens.Psychokinesis is the psychological control of physical objects. For
example while tossing the coin a person might concentrate on the heads and cause it to appear.
It is said that all people do not possess such powers to see truth directly without reasoning. The scientists
have been studying this phenomenon because they feel it has enormous potential for a fruitful research. For
example a person with ESP abilities might be able to predict future wars, locate valuable mineral deposits or even
accomplish other things of great importance.
REJIN S. BABU, VISHNU DAS, RAJITH K.V.
S1 S2 CE

110

1. Set your targets in advance and do planned
preparation.
2. Kindly check up about whatever you have given
in your bio-data.
3. If you are able to form a group and organize
interpersonal discussions and make interviews it
could be a good idea . What ever be, what is
required is exuberant confidence.
4. Familiarize yourself with the data you have
provided for your bio-data.
5. Mentally figure out questions flowing from the bio-
data.
6. Make a thorough self-assessment of yourself
before appearing for the interview.
7. Prepare your own notes and do mock interviews.
8. Appear for the interview in a cool, composed and
relaxed manner and do display your confidence
and courage.
9. Knock at the door and enter as soon as you are
invited for the interview.
10. When you enter the interview remain relaxed and
be yourself.
11. The impression you create is given as much as
by, how you look and behave, as by what you say
and this very definitely includes what you say.
12. Try to appear in your best at the interview. Well
groomed hair, well ironed dress and well polished
shoes with a natural smile on your face is
preferable to turn up for the interview.
13. Your appearance would convey whether you have
taken the interview seriously or not.
14. Be cool, be attentive, get to the core of the question
and give your own view points.
L. RAKESH
Lecturer
Mechanical Dept.
15. Spell out your ideas and reactions clearly and
substantiate your view points with logical
arguments and facts.
16. Look at the interviewer as you speak to him or
her.
17. Cultivate the faculty of speaking English fluently.
18. Never form a rigid opinion on any issue.
19. By being flexible you will win the art of adjustment
in life, a quality of leadership which the interview
board will admire.
20. A candid confession is far superior to any attempt
of bluffing.
21. Develop the courage to express your views with
candour.
22. Develop presence of mind.
23. Update your knowledge.
24. Your ideas on any subject should be well
formulated.
25. You should familiarize with your hobbies.
26. Be honest about assessing your weak points.
27. Demonstrate in every way that you are eminently
suited for the job you have applied .
28. Anyone who wants to achieve success in interviews
should have a positive frame of mind.
29. Interview is not a test of knowledge alone, but an
acid test of your personality.
30. Lastly, ''Remember knowledge in itself is a part of
your personality and that knowledge inspires
confidence - the very essence of personality.'' This
personality cannot be built overnight or over a
span of a few weeks. So take pains to inculcate
certain unique and distinct personality traits.
111
 Attitude:
A PRICELESS
POSSESSION IGNORED
In simple words, ‘ATTITUDE’ is the way in which
we look at the world around us and react to it. The
word may seem to be very simple and is most
neglected by most of us. But, when we try to know
about it, we realize our whole life whether A
SUCCESS OR FAILURE, WHETHER POPULAR OR
UNPOPULAR depends on our attitude.
Attitude is of two types “Positive and Negative”.
To illustrate this, take an example. Two students
named Positive and Negative were walking along a
street. They saw a rose flower. Positive said, “Aah!
What a beauty” But Negative said, “What is the use,
it doesn’t last for more than a day”. Try to analyse
this situation. All of us have gone through similar
experiences. Like the Positive, many of us appreciate
the beauty of the rose flower. The Negative aspect
of the situation is given less importance and we
uphold the positive side and enjoy that. But people
with negative attitude, thinking of the bad outcome
forget to enjoy the present beauty and throughout
their lives only worry about what should not happen.
ADVANTAGES OF BEING POSITIVE AND
DISADVANTAGES OF BEING NEGATIVE COULD BE
BEST LEARNT FROM THE STORY OF TWO FROGS.
112
SARADA K. P.
Lecturer
Mathematics Dept.
Two frogs were travelling together to a distant
place. On the way they happened to fall into a vessel
half filled with curd. Both of the them tried and it
was almost certain that the height was beyond their
reach. Knowing this one frog said “What is the use
of trying again, I cannot jump any more”. But the
other frog said, “No, I will try till my last breath”.
After sometime, the frog that was lying idle died. The
other frog that was trying to escape realised this fact,
but did not lose hope and did not waste any time in
mourning his friend’s death but continued with his
effort. Finally after sometime a ball of butter was
formed. When it became big enough, the frog
jumped standing on the butter ball and at that golden
moment it succeeded. The frog that added the
positive attitude to its effort succeeded gloriously. The
frog with the negative attitude died a miserable death.
So from this story we learn that,
''ALWAYS A POSITIVE ATTITUDE GIVES A
BOOST TO OUR EFFORTS.''
From the first story, you learnt that Positive
thinking brings happiness and from the second
example you learnt that Positive attitude helps us to
succeed even in trivial situations.
?

1. Don’t worry about knowing people just
FACTS ABOUT FRIENDSHIP
make yourself worth knowing.
2. Friends are those rare people who ask how
we are and then wait to hear the answer.
3. If you can buy a person’s friendship, it is not
worth it.
4. True friends have hearts that beat as one.
5. If you cannot think of any nice things to say
about your friends, then you have the wrong
friends.
6. Make friends before you need them.
7. If you were another person, would you like
to be a friend of yours?
8. A good friend is one who neither looks down
on you nor keeps up with you.
9. Be friendly with the folks you know... If it
weren’t for them you would be a total
stranger.
10. A friend is never known till he is needed.
11. Friendship is a responsibility...not an
opportunity.
12. Friendship is the cement that holds the world
together.
13. Friends are those who speak to you after
others don’t.
14. The reason a dog has so many friends is that
he wags his tail and not his tongue.
15. Pick your friends, but not to pieces.
16. A friend is one who puts his finger on a fault
without rubbing it in.
17. The way to have friends is to be willing to
lose some arguments.
CHANDANA THERATTIL
S5 CS
18. If a friend makes a mistake, don’t rub it in... rub
it out.
19. Deal with other’s faults as gently as if they were
your own.
20. People are judged by the company they keep
and the company they keep away from.
21. A friend is a person who can step on your toes
without messing your shine.
22. The best mirror is an old friend.
23. The best possession one may have is a true friend.
24. Make friendship a habit and you will always have
friends.
25. You will never have a friend if you must have
one without faults.
26. Doing nothing for your friends results in having
no friends to do for.
27. Anyone can give advice, But a real friend will
lend a helping hand.
28. You can make more friends by being interested
in them than trying to have them be interested
in you.
29. A real friend is a person who, when you ’ve made
a fool of yourself, lets you forget it.
30. A friend is a person who listens attentively while
you say nothing
31. You can buy friendship with friendship, but never
with dollars.
32. True friends are like diamonds, precious but rare;
false friends are like autumn leaves, found
everywhere.
33. A friend is someone who thinks you’re a good
egg even though you’re slightly cracked.
113

A Divine Gospel for the Mankind !
The Bhagwad Gita is the divine gospel gifted by
India to the world, to all human beings. The Gita does
not belong to any particular religion. It, infact, belongs
to the religion of mankind. It tells us how to live on this
earth, how to behave with our fellowmen, how to act
and how to perform our duties as human beings in
different walks of life. There are 18 chapters comprising
700 verses or slokas. Each single verse is easily
understood and when acted upon in actual life can
solve each and every problem. That is why the Gita has
been translated in as many as hundred languages of
the world.
TAT-TWAM-ASI is said to be the essence of Gita. It
means “That thou art!” You are that - a part of God
and nothing else. The Gita enables man to realise his
true nature in three steps:
(1) I am His (2) He is Mine (3) He and I are one.
According to Gita each one of us has been alloted
a battlefield to act upon. It is nothing but our field of
action (duty). For a man of learning and who loves
knowledge above everything else his battlefield is
confined to books, schools, colleges, debates,
discussions, reading, writing and the like. One should
decide one’s profession or occupation in life according
to one’s nature. Then alone one’s effort will be crowned
with grand success. The Gita does not teach escapism
or running away from the challenges of life. There is no
escape from duty by anybody in this world.
Gita says: It is our desire that invites all our worries,
agonies, sufferings, headaches and turmoils. Desire
prevents us from seeing the soul or God within and
without. A pauper who desires nothing is virtually a
prince. A prince who hankers after more and more
riches is nothing but a beggar. One’s own desires out
of one’s ignorance prevents man from merging with
God.
“Work is worship”, is the essence of Karmayoga
or the Path of Action. Each one of us has to do
something or the other in his or her life. No one can
114
JYOTHI R.
S3 CS
live without work. Self realisation is possible even by a
man of action who does his duty as a devotion to God
without any selfish motive. One has to do his duty well
and the fruit of action will be there in future. A student
constantly worrying about the marks will not be able to
put his full concentration on his / her studies. He / she
is thinking about a future yet to be born. It is the proper
use of the present moments that makes the future
glorious.
Gita says : Even the caste system was perfectly
scientific in its approach. It is not birth but the deed
that decides your caste. A learned man interested in
more learning and teaching is a Brahmin. Also a
Brahmin is the person who knows the depth of
knowledge and the need of acquiring and imparting
knowledge. A person who is interested in serving others
or offering service to others is a Shudra. One who
knows the secret of trade and agriculture was called a
Vaishya. A Kshatriya is the one who defends the weak,
his country, the innocent and poor. He is the man with
the mission of eliminating injustice, exploitation, torture,
tyranny and crime from society. One could change his
caste by changing his character though tireless effort.
Gita says : A learned man never gets angry. He
doesn’t give way to grief under any circumstances.
Because he knows grief cannot bring back anything
lost. Valour and wisdom ensure success in this world
as well as in the next world.
Gita says : The Guru, the mother and the father
are ever worthy of respect and reverence. They must
never be insulted. Also there is no teacher like mother.
Those who serve their parents are freed from all sorrows
and sufferings.
Thus Gita tells us how to live so as to merge with
our creator when we have completed our mission on
this earth. Remember that what has happened is for
good, what is happening is also for good and what is
going to happening will also be for good and what is
to happen will not stay on its way.
?
115
116
 MINNU KRISHNA P. S.
S3 CE

Three people ran a marathon along with hundreds of others. None of them
won the race. Does that mean that these three people were losers? Not at all. Each
went into the race with different objectives. The first ran the race to test his endurance
- he came out better than his expectations. The second wanted to improve on his
previous performance, and he did it. The third person had never run a marathon -
his objective was to complete the race and he did. Each of these three entered the
race with different objectives, they all met them, and they were all winners, regardless
of who won the race.
Mark Twain said, it is better to deserve an honour and not have it than to have
it and not deserve it. Dignity is not in possessing but deserving.
If winning is your only objective, you may miss out on the internal rewards
that come with doing something well. More important than winning is winning
with honour and deserving to have won. It is better to lose honourably than to
succeed with dishonesty. Losing honourably may signify lack of preparation but
dishonest winning signifies lack of character.
The real test of person’s character is what he would or would not do, if he
knew he would not get caught. It is not worth compromising one’s integrity and
taking short-cuts to win. One may win a trophy but knowing the truth one can
never be a happy person. More important than winning a trophy is being a good
human being.
Winners live and work everyday as if it were their last day because one of
these days it is going to be and nobody knows which one. But when they leave,
they leave as winners. ?

117

Tsunami - tsooNAH mee,
Giant wave caused by an under sea earthquake,
Volcano or landslides, vibrations rush through the ocean
at hundreds of kilometres / hour. In the open ocean, the
water level may rise and fall several feet as a tsunami
passes by. When they reach shallow water they slow down
and build up into vast waves or a wall of water that rises
more than (30-70 meters) high.
The displacement of water will produce a wave, or a
series of waves, that will spread out from the area. The
distance between successive wave crests may be 150 km.
Hence ships, even quite close to the site of the original
disturbance, may not notice their passage. The tsunami
crashes on to the shore, sweeping away anything on its
way.
The word tsunami is a combination of Japanese word
meaning harbour and wave. The speed of a tsunami
depends on the depth of the water. In the Pacific ocean,
for example, a tsunami travels at a speed of 600 miles
(970 km per hour). As the tsunami comes close to the shore,
however, the speed it is moving drops at about 100 miles
(100 km/hr.) .
Tsunami is not as new to the world as it is for “India”. In
1755, Lisbon quake -12 metes high sea waves killing
30,000 -60,000 people. The effect of waves 3.5m - 4.5m
in height could be felt as far as West India. Aug. 27. 1883-
due to the volcanic eruption in Krakatau in the Sunda Strait,
27 meters high tsunami waves slammed shores killing
36,000 people. In 1923 due to earth quake the sea floor
of Sagami Bay of Japan was outsided from 305 km to
457 km. In 1960, a tsunami near the coast of Chile caused
major damage across the entire Pacific ocean.
In India, according to a former Director General of the
Meteorological Department, Dr. Mihir Gusha, a tsunami
struck area adjacent to the Sunderbans in South Bengal
118
JAWHAR BASHA C. S.
S3 CE
(now in Bangladesh) in May 1874 killed at least 12 lakh
people.
The Kutch earthquake of June 16, 1819 generated
strong tsunami which submerged the coastal areas and
inflicted great damage to ships and country boats.
The earthquake of December 26, 2004 that occurred
off the Westcoast of the northern Sumatra took place at
the interface between India and Burma plates. The tsunami
waves reached up to India, Sri Lanka and Maldives
destroying the coastal area. The earth quake of 8.9
magnitude under sea was the world’s most powerful earth
quake in 40 yrs according to a coastal hazard study.
The destruction affected the states of Tamil Nadu, Andhra
Pradesh, Kerala and Nicobar Islands. Tsunami that hit
Kerala coast were 3-5 metres high only. It affected
250 kms of the Kerala coast. Because of the diffraction
waves at Kanyakumari, the waves that travelled northward
lost their energy.
I was a person who in my life had never seen such a
hazardous destruction to the naked eye. I took more than
7 hours to take in the full destruction of the area near Kollam
and Alapuzha. The wave came upto two to three kilometres
in width, looted away all the belongings of the people, it
also included human beings. Everything was uprooted and
the sea waves ate away the lion’s share of everything.
I thought, How can the sea be so cruel to human
beings? Sometimes it may be so. It will also be a lesson to
all, to end up the cruel mind of the people and be loyal to
society and Mother Nature.
Now, regarding the rehabilitation of the affected people,
it seems that the Government is not keen to look after them.
The construction work of damaged and lost houses are in
half dead manner. The people have lost everything even
their means of living.
Just think : Now it is Tsunami, What Next ?
?
 Dr. M. K. VEERAN KUTTY
Head of the Department
Civil Engineering
One sunny morning, a consultant civil engineer
is sitting in his living room scanning through the morning
newspapers, unexpectedly a customer calls on him with
some details regarding his proposed house project. The
civil engineer discusses with him about his requirements
for his residence and the customer gives the details in
the sheet of paper he has brought with him. The
consultant engineer asks him to come to his office after
three days to collect the design and drawings for the
residential building.
This is only one example of the job a civil engineer
is called upon to take up.How does he go about his
job? He has to apply his technical expertise and give a
perfect and flawless design and connected working
drawings to his customer.
What engineers basically do is to think. In thinking
an engineer has specific objectives in mind, namely,
problem definition and solution. Sometimes defining a
problem is more important than finding a solution.The
complexity of our society requires civil engineers to
further expand their problem solving techniques. We
must learn to become more creative to use more of
our thinking ability.
Creativity is combining of things and thoughts in
new ways to produce something new. But every material
element that has existed is here, the only things really
new are the thoughts generated by a person or a group.
A screenplay writer has said “ imagination is the capacity
to see what is there”. Engineers know that outstanding
design usually has an elegant simplicity, be it a bridge
or a building.
To make better use of creativity, we must teach
ourselves more about thinking. Researches who have
studied about brain say that there are two modes of
operation for a thinking mind ie; 1) intuitive holistic right
brain and 2) the rational and analytical left brain. It is
not enough to develop the rational, logical and analytical
left side but capabilities of both sides must be developed.
To become more creative we have to use both sides
of the brain and learn to think. That is, where it is very
important to listen to what is going on in our head. A
few suggestions of Sam Bonasso, a former president
of a U.S consulting engineering firm are relevant.
a) To become more creative we can use brain
storming technique. Brain storming is a procedure,
suggested first time by an advertising executive, in which
a small group of eight or even less gathers to discuss a
special problem.One has to act as a facilitator to see
that rules are followed. Essential rules will be i) criticism
of an idea is withheld till the brain storming session is
over, ii) 'free wheeling’ or any suggestion or idea should
be encouraged because it is easy to improve a crazy
idea than to come up with an idea in the first place
iii) the greater the number of ideas or suggestions the
better the odds of coming up with a good one.
iv) combining ideas, magnifying, substituting , minifying,
finding alternatives, rearranging, reversing etc. are all
part of brain storming . It is easy, fun and successful.
119
 b) To become more creative one has to cultivate
humour and wit. What makes things funny is the
unexpected, the unearthing of something hidden.Civil
engineers are a serious bunch. Many people have an
impression that engineers take themselves very seriously.
People who can laugh at themselves generally are the
ones who can respond with creative ideas. Just think
of it! When was the last time you laughed at a joke
about engineers? How often do you see a cartoon or
read a funny story in an engineering magazine?
Humour is the key to unlock our creative energies .
c) To improve creativity one must take advantage
of the technique of unconscious simmering. This is the
art of studying a problem from all different perspectives
in great detail and intensity and then sleeping over it.
Then watch ideas springing from the subconscious in
the predictably automatic fashion. While standing under
the shower in the morning, day dreaming or walking
alone in evenings, ideas fire off in the brain.lt is said
that Poincar’e discovered a major mathematical theory
while boarding a bus and Archimedes came out with
law of floatation while he was bathing in his bath tub.
Making notes on these ideas and following up are
important. Unless written down such ideas disappear
as quickly and effortlessly as they arrived.
120
For learning, there are generally three methods.
One is an authoritarion method in which an authority
on a subject teaches the subject, the second is the
scientific method which is trying and failing and trying
again. In the third method we learn through revealed
truths and this is creative thinking. Here ideas and
solutions to problems occur in a flash from a seemingly
unknown, unpredictable source.They are revealed to
us from the inner depths of our mind and come out as
whole ideas. Being alert to this process is one of the
most important aspects of creativity.
How to start to be creative? There is the story of a
student approaching the great novelist Ernest
Hemingway and asking ''How can a person learn to
write?” The auther said, ''By writing''. That indicates that
we learn by doing. So to be more creative, we try to be
more creative . Master the art of thinking process and
listen to what is going on in your head. What engineers
could do with fundamental principles of thinking process
might amaze us all. Every engineer can be taught how
to apply more creativity to problem solving. We must
learn from people like Newton, Edison, Disney and other
creative geniuses who developed applied creativity to
make lasting contributions to science and humanity.
?

Quality for a Noble Mission
“We are called to be a Shepherd”
(1 Peter. 5;2-4)
Education does not imply mere acquisition of
knowledge or qualifications and positions but it means
education of heart that embraces everyone of that mind
that thinks in terms of others, of the intellect that plans
for the wellbeing of that society and nation.
The heart of the teacher should be filled with the
remarkable and noble traits to make the young hearts
grow and expand. He/She should be able to inspire,
encourage, strengthen understand by giving time and
love to make the finest creation the noblest. No better
tributes have been paid to any profession on earth than
that of the teacher. East or West every where, the teacher
is respected and worshipped. He / she is the architect
of the nation, the maker of man and history. Like a
shepherd, the teacher cares, protects, loves and inspires
young ones. He / she conquers and strikes the evil
powers which are enemies of the youth. He / she
awakens the sleeping spirits and lights many candles
which in later years will, shine back to him / her.
Knowledge may be gained from books, but the love for
knowledge is transmitted only by personal conduct.
N. R. SREEKUMAR
Lecturer
Civil Engineering Dept.
Education must make us responsible, zealous
caring and sensible human beings. Our profession
entrusts a valuable contribution to our nation by the
Almighty in ourselves and in others. A teacher should
be able to cope with every changing need of the child,
has to know how to capture the attention of every child,
how to receive the pain, double the joy and quiet the
hurt with a gentle touch.
A teacher should appreciate which means to set
a value on, to esteem fully, to encourage him / her to
use his / her talent in every possible way.
The teaching profession demands high character
and perfect morality. An ideal teacher stands to fill the
call of the profession. Character is such that there is
no difference between what is said and what is done.
The teacher should be an eloquent speaker, a forceful
writer, a torch bearer and a lover of humanity.
Let us be proud that we belong to that section of
the society which has always contributed for the making
of the nation. In short the role of a teacher is to
teach................
We the teachers mould you for a better tomorrow!
?
121
 Dr. C. J. JAMES
Professor
Humanities Dept.

the time effectively can keep their walk

of life under control. Effective time
T he subject Time Management would be beneficial to all. Everyone management can help individuals
who would like to become a successful person in their respective career become Masters of their Goals and
can use it to learn and apply the principles of time management in day- Objectives. Time management is a
to-day life. Several students complain of lack of time to study to write skill, which one ought to learn in
assignments, to do project work, to read newspapers, to take part in order to develop habits of work which
sports activities and even to do physical exercise. Some students very are of great value and which will help
often complain that they do not get enough time to answer all questions us to attain success. There is a
in the examination. However, such students must realize that it is very misconception among us that only
essential for them to plan their work and work their plans. Planning is Executives need to study the subject,
very important. Only then they will find time to do all the activities in a ‘Time Management’. It is not true.
systematic manner. We must remember that where there is a will, there Irrespective of the position in the
is a way. If we are willing to find time for an activity, then we will be able society one has to make use of the
to really find time to do so. The future ahead of us is uncertain and filled available time to attain success.
with a lot of uncertainties. Modern organizations require candidates
Time has its own Psychology.
who are smart, energetic, and hardworking, with a creative mind which
Time is an opportunity. The key to
means that they should be able to manage the available time effectively
time management is to work
and efficiently.
smarter not harder. In every phase
Time is equally available to all and is one of the most precious assets of our life, each of us, regardless
of man. Very few people are utilizing it effectively and efficiently. A of our function in an organization,
successful person is one who understands the importance of time and can control time. Before we
uses it wisely. Some times Time gets neglected by all of us. The general manage our time effectively, we
tendency is to procrastinate. We take time for granted and pay little need to know how we are going to
importance to its effectiveness. Although time appears to be plentiful, use it. Many of us assume that we
we do not have enough, since supply of time is limited. Time once lost is know how to use our time. But it is
lost forever. Those who make worst use of their time, complain of its not possible to assess our time
shortness. Time is to be used effectively. Those who know how to use accurately. Periodic time audit is

122
essential. It is suggested that one devotes at least
five minutes every night to review and analyze how
the day has gone by.
The main problem as has been pointed out is
procrastination. Why do we procrastinate?
• May be because the task at hand is not urgent.
• We are afraid of failure.
• The task is too demanding.
• We don’t understand our requirements.
• We think that the task is boring or
uninteresting.
• We need more time.
• The job is not well defined or the requirements
are too complex.
There are certain personal traits and work habits
that interfere with the proper use of time. One must be
alert to detect these negative traits in his own behaviour.
Some people waste time by making excuses or
explaining past failures. Negative emotions such as
hostility, frustration and worry, excessive tension, can
disrupt thought processes and also produce physical
and mental fatigue. The major techniques for managing
time more effectively are as follows:
• List goals and set priorities. There will be no
achievement without goals. We should have clear
objectives in our mind.
• Make a daily-to-do list which needs priority.
• Start with A’s and not the C’s.
• Do it now.
Biological Time Management involves managing the
needs of the body like sleep, food, digestion and regular
exercises. Exercise will keep our mind and body fit.
Discipline and regularity in food habits is important.
One should eat at regular intervals. Sleep is essential
for the body and more important, a restful sleep. In
order to gain time we often cut down our sleep. This is
not the solution to gain time. Either we can sleep early
to get up early; or we can go to bed late to get up late.
This is the only way that we can get some undisturbed
time for reading, writing, personal work or for doing
other work which requires full concentration. Getting
up early by 4. A.M is very good as it has several
advantages. Our mind is fresh, and there is serenity all
around. This enables us to work with full concentration.
It is as good as getting an extra day.
Business time management involves time-saving
techniques in the office and also carefully utilizing it.
Always let’s finish our work assignment in time. All
pending work is double work. Jumping from one
incomplete activity to another means a lot of time and
continuously working on one topic tires the mind. It will
be better to change the nature of work and approach
a new subject with a certain degree of freshness. Going
to office half an hour before others arrive will give one
time to concentrate on office matters; and keep work
ready for others. Several subordinates generally feel
that their boss is their chief time waster. For a boss to
increase his efficiency, he should allot work to assistants
who in turn allot work to their subordinates and co-
ordinate activities and get a feedback from these
assistants. Delegation and team work are the essence
of executive success at the top. All papers, files, reports,
books, etc should be in the proper place in an office.
The table should be clear so that things are easily
accessible. Visitors should be given a fixed and specific
slot of time. As far as possible, office work should not
be carried home.
To conclude we should budget our time. Decide on
a minimum amount of time to spend on a project and
stick to it. Time is a unique resource, it cannot be saved
or stored, bent or borrowed, it is irreversible. It would
be worth remembering about ‘TIME’ :-
Yesterday is a cancelled cheque, Tomorrow is a
promissory note, Today is ready cash. USE IT.
123

Today we are experiencing a steep fall in the level
of character and behaviour. Many people are not giving
importance to the moral values and honesty. They are
misusing the opportunities for their personal gains and
happiness.
Personality is a set of characteristics and
tendencies that determines those
commonalities and differences in the
behaviour (thoughts, feelings & actions)
of people that have continuity in time and
that may not be easily understood as the
sole result of the social and biological
pressures of the moment.
S.R.Maddi, Personality theories
124
DEEPA MOHAN
Lecturer
Civil Engineering Dept.
Personality factors are extremely important in
human behaviour. Personality takes the whole man
concept because it affects the various psychological
processes. D.E.James, an eminent psychologist, in his
book, "Introduction to psychology”, opines that "it is
better to consider the individual aspects of a person’s
make-up as bricks and personality as the whole house
built of bricks, but held together with cement.’’
Though the term personality is frequently used
by people, there does not seem to be any consensus
about its meaning.
The term personality has been derived from Latin
word “Persona” which means ‘to speak through’. This
Latin term denotes the masks which the actors used to
wear in ancient Greece and Rome. Thus personality is
used in terms of influencing others through external
appearance. However, mere external appearance,
though important for personality characteristics, does
not make the whole personality.
Personality should include:
i) external appearance and behaviour
ii) inner awareness of self as a permanent
organising force and
iii) the particular pattern of measurable traits,
both inner and outer
Accordingly, personality embraces all the unique
traits and patterns of adjustment of the individual in his
relationship with others and his environment.
Human personality development is a continuous
process. It starts since the child is in foetal stage. After
birth, the child develops and learns and this process rate compatible with his abilities, he develops a
continues throughout his life. So, personality sense of enterprise. Otherwise, he develops a sense
development can be seen through different stages of of inferiority.
age of an individual. At each stage, a person develops 5. Adolescence: In this teenage stage, he tries to gain
different aspects of personality. These stages have been a sense of identity & tries to establish himself as
described differently by different personality theorists. socially different from his parents.
Erikson’s psychological stages of personality 6. Early adult hood: In this stage, the person tries to
development provide more valuable insights for resolve the crisis of intimacy versus isolation. The
understanding the development of personality. sense of identity developed in him helps to develop
Stage of development Age Crisis deep & lasting relationships.
Oral sensory stage 0-1 Trust 7. Young & Middle Adulthood: Generative persons
versus mistrust attach more importance to the society as
compared to themselves. They try to become
Muscular & Anal stage 1-2 Autonomy
innovative & creative. Self absorbed persons do
versus doubt
not show concern for future generations & they
Locomotor genital stage 3-5 Initiative remain preoccupied with their own development.
versus guilt
8. Mature Adulthood: In this stage, the person faces
Latency stage 6-12 Industry the crisis of integrity versus despair. The person
versus inferiority gets maturity, wisdom & perspective that can guide
Adolescence 12-19 Identity the younger generations.
versus confusion The most relevant stage is that of the young and
Early adult hood early 20s Intimacy middle adulthood. The best outcome for personality
versus isolation fulfillment would be an attitude of production and
Young and middle late20s Generativity concern for the world and future generation. Thus,
adult hood versus stagnation. young and middle-aged adults who solve their
Mature adult hood 30s Integrity psychological crisis by being productive will develop the
versus despair healthiest personalities.
Therefore, personality represents a process of
change and it relates to the psychological growth &
1. Oral sensory stage: In this stage, the child tries to development of individuals. The impact of biological
resolve the crisis of trust versus mistrust. The infant factors, family & group factors, situational factors &
who is cared well develops trust in people while cultural factors on the individual personality also affect
the infant who is not well cared develops mistrust. personality and the personality affects the behaviour of
This stage makes a serious impact on a child that
influences his behaviour for the remaining life.
a person.
?
2. Muscular & Anal stage: In this stage, the child
develops the sense of autonomy if his behaviour is
approved by the parents and other people. If the
child faces disapproval by the elders, he develops
a sense of doubt & shame.
3. Locomotor genital stage: In this stage, he tries to
discover how much he can do. If the child is
encouraged to acheive reasonable goals, he
develops the sense of initiative & if he is blocked
and made to feel incapable, he develops a sense
of guilt and lack of self confidence.
4. Latency stage: In this stage, the child tries to develop
many new skills and social abilities in this school
going stage. If the child experiences progress at a
125

In Rome, spider weaves its webs where Caeser ruled.
The Mesopotamian civilization is extinct. Egyptian
civilization became confined to Pyramids. The Chinese
civilization is having its last breath. But there has been
one civilization with continuity of 8000 years or so still
living in the earth. The Aryan civilization which was born,
grew and is still living in their sacred land called Bharat,
India, Hindustan etc. We, even though have had our
highs and lows, are still the only race in world which
can claim such a rich cultural heritage and spiritual
history. A greatness which was achieved even without
any conquest in its long history. But bad omens had
begun to cast a shadow on us. Is the dusk of our
Motherland near? Considering the situation of today,
such a situation is not impossible. Let us have a look at
the problems faced by this Nation and their remedies.
A civilization can be easily evaluated by looking
into their attitude towards women. There was a period
in the history of this Nation when women were treated
as the purest form of life who are to be respected and
protected. But all that has become just past glory now.
In the present day Bharat that is India, the brides are
weighed by the dowry her family is ready to give. The
dowry is just one of the issues faced by women. In fact
her problems start right from the period she is in her
mother’s womb. The census figures showed a steep
decline in the growth of female population for the last
few years which can be only attributed to the large scale
126
ARUN K. A.
S5 AE
abortion, female infanticide. And when she grows, she
doesn’t have the freedom to walk freely, to go to her
friend’s house, to laugh a bit loudly or sometimes even
to go to school. Every day some woman is being raped,
some woman is being abused, some woman is being
tortured and the society stands still as a silent spectator.
It is said in 'Manusmrithi' that if a society doesn’t protect
women, the Gods will not protect that society. Quran
and Bible also don’t differ much in offering protection
to women. But when it comes to the problems of women,
it seems people just forget what their religion teaches
them.
The moral devaluation of this civilization is another
matter of concern. This was started with the entry of
Europeans. They were not ready to recognize the fact
that Aryan civilization is much older and much greater
than any western civilization. To counter this, they began
a false propaganda of ‘Aryan Migration Theory’ and
of the ‘Aryan-Dravidian Divide’. When you talk to a man
that his father was a scoundrel normally he will lose all
his pride and morale and he will swim to the dark. This
is exactly what happened to the minds of Indians. They
fell to the western propaganda and accepted that we
became a unified nation only when the British came.
The biggest mistake we did was that we did not try to
correct it even after we gained Independence. If a
person proclaims that this Nation has a great history
and Aryans were indeed the sons of Motherland, he is
being dubbed as fascist meanwhile those who
proclaimed in 1947 that India should be divided into
16 countries still lives peacefully in this Nation. This
moral devaluation spread into governance and
bureaucracy also leading to corrupt practices. The fact
that a majority of present generation sees Politics as a
100% corrupt institution is an eye opener for all.
Even though the internal problems are still not over,
another matter of great concern is the military threat
of our northern neighbour. In 1950s she captured the
holy land of Tibet and we thought she will not cheat us
again. But we were attacked and defeated by her in
1962. A quarter of Kashmir including the mighty
‘Kailas’ is still under the boots of Chinese soldiers. They
had got the biggest army. She cheated us in the past
and she is doing it again. She now wages an indirect
war against the Indian state by fully supporting the
Maoists with Arms Supplies,creating a Maoist corridor
stretching from Nepal to Andhra. And we instead of
increasing our force are busy finding out corruptions
in each and every defence deals. It does not require a
genius, but just a man with a sense of history to predict
that China will not tolerate us in the future.
The problems of this civilization are still not over.
Religious Terrorism, Maoist Insurgency, North East
Insurgency, Kashmir, rising unemployment, extreme
poverty, population explosion... Why all this happens
to us only?
We are now suffering because we left our precious
tradition and culture and went for foreign values which
never suited our land. But all is still not lost. We still can
emerge as the supreme. The first thing of course will be
a thorough revamping of education system with thrust
in Value education. The revamping should be done by
an expert academic committee with secular credentials.
It is high time that Nation had a uniform Educational
Syllabus. Children should be taught to respect women,
to love their Nation and to be physically fit doing their
course. To counter the growing danger to the integrity
of the Nation each citizen should be given one year of
compulsory military training at an age of 18. The
introduction of e-governance will ensure transparency
in Governance and will speed up the official machinery.
Meanwhile we should continue our thrust in
Compulsory Education and free Primary Health
facilities.
Also the ideologies of today are really outdated. What
we need is an ideology developed for our civilization.
Foundation for such a thing was first laid out by Swami
Vivekananda. The work was carried forward by Gandhiji
with his concept of the welfare state. A mix of ideas
inculcated by our national heroes on various occasions
would remain a guiding beacon for our development
and peaceful co-existence. The reemergence of this
great Motherland is still possible.
VANDE MATARAM
?
127
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S5 EC
km[m-cW Imbn-I-t{]an F∂ \ne-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ß-s´. Bh-iy-
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klm- b n- ® p. ]t£ tImtf- P n- \ p- ≈ n¬ Hcp
Hgn-™p-In-S-°p∂ \ΩpsS {Ku≠p-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp tcmZ\w H∂p
kvt]m¿Svkv ao‰v kwL-Sn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ hnZym¿∞n-I-
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fpsS `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-t]mepw Hcp \n -l-I-cW at\m-
fn¬ \n∂p≈ Cu tcmZ-\-amWv Cß-s\-sbmcp io¿jIw sXc-s™-Sp-
`mhw D≠m-bn. a’-c-ß-fn¬ Npcp°w hnZym¿∞n-
°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-®-Xpw.
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tØm-fa - mbn. AXn\p aps∂ Xs∂ ^nkn-°¬ s{Sbn-\d - mbn Hcp A≤ym-
ta¬]-d™ Ahÿ Xs∂-bmWv H´p-an°
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s{]m^-jW - ¬ tImtf-Pp-If - n-te-Xpw. \ΩpsS tImtf-
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hp-I-bm-Wv. GXm≠v H´p-an° ÿe-ß-fnepw {]Nm-
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tImtf-Pnse Ip´n-Iƒ Xm-ev]cyw ImWn-°-msX,
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{Ku≠n¬ sNSn-Ifpw ]p√pw ImSp-]n-Sn®v InS-°p-∂Xp
Øn\v Cd-ßm-Øh - sc tImtfPv Soan¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-sa∂v Xm°oXpw
ImWp-tºmƒ k¶Sw tXm∂p-∂p.
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kzm[o\w sNep-Øp-∂-XmWv Imbn-I-a-’-c-߃.
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128
129
130
 RENUKA C. S.
S3 CE

Here’s an incident that happened long back.

It was narrated to me by my beloved professor of
English,Dr. Jayanthi Balakrishnan from her personal
experience.

It was a rainy afternoon. The first hour of the

session- language now for all first degree classes,
got over. The students and the lecturer busily came
out of the lecture hall as everyone had class the
very next hour in their own departments which were
at a10-15 minutes walking distance. The old
college buildings are so scattered in the campus
that a bus service inside the campus can never be
considered as a luxury.

Everyone waited anxiously for the rain to lower

its intensity. But nothing happened. Slowly the
students started playing in the water logged in the
verandah and later they started dancing in the
rain too. The lecturer,as her age for a rain - dance
had passed, stood in the verandah enjoying her
students celebrating their youth in the blessing
shower of sky. A student whose legs were weakened
by an attack of polio, was sitting near to her in his
wheel chair. He too was watching with the lecturer,
the students making paper boats and all. Suddenly
he turned his face towards his teacher and asked
a question which was in no way related to the
situation.

“Madam, you’re having a child of three years,

no? Did you give him polio drops this year?”.
?
131

{]n
{]nb-s∏-´-h-sc, Fs∂ \n߃°v Adn-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw.
Hcp- ] t£ Fs‚ cq]- ß - f n¬ Hcp cq]sØ F¶nepw
\n߃°v ASpØv ]cn-Nbw D≠m-Ipw. Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ cq]-
Øns‚ t]cv "sUkvIv' Ft∂m at‰m BsW-∂mWv Bfp-
Iƒ ]d-bp-∂-Xv.
Fs‚ P\\w hfsc hnim-e-amb Hcp ÿe-Øm-bn-cp-
∂p. \nd®v ]® ]p√p-Ifpw \ndsb ]qºm-‰-Ifpw Hs° D≈
ÿew. AhnsS Hcp sNdnb ssX cq-]-Øn¬ Rm≥ apf-®p.
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®p-Imew Ign-™m¬ acw BIm-a-t√m. ]ns∂ Btcbpw t]Sn-
°msX Xe-bp-b¿Øn \n¬°m-w.
Fs‚ ssiihw hfsc Zpcn-X-߃ \nd-™-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
Hcp Znhkw a\p-jy¿ "BSv' F∂v hnfn-°p∂ Hcp Pohn,
Fs‚ Imen¬ Hcp ISn. F\n°v F{X- a m{Xw s\m¥p-
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Pohnsb Hcp ]mTw ]Tn-∏n-°m≥'', Rm≥ hnNm-cn-®p. ]n∂o-S-
tßm´v Hcp acw BIm-\p≈ X{X-∏m-Sn-em-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\p-
th≠n [mcmfw kqcy-{]-Im-ihpw sh≈hpw hen-s®-Sp-Øp.
Aßs\ Rm≥ Xd-bn¬\n∂v Iptds» Db¿∂p-Xp-S-ßn.
Aßs\ Hcp Znhkw Rm≥ apØ-—≥ ac-Øns‚ tXmƒ
hsc-sb-Øn. At∏m-gmWv Hcp kw`hw \S-∂-Xv, Hcp Ip™p-
]£n, a\p-jy¿ AXns\ hnfn-°p-∂Xv "Ipcphn' Ft∂m at‰m
BWv. AXv Fs‚ t\¿°v Hcp ssht°mepw sIm≠p-h-cp-
∂p. F¥n-\mhpw? At∏mƒ apØ-—≥ acw ]d™p AXp
IqSp-Iq-´m≥ hcp-∂-Xm-W-s{X. henb ac-ß-fn¬ am{Xta
Aßs\ sNøm-dp≈qt{X. F\n°v AXv tI´-t∏mƒ henb
Ka-bm-bn. Aßs\ Ipsd-Imew Ign-™p. At∏m-tg°pw
Fs‚ XSn°p Dd∏pw hÆhpw Hs°-IqSn. Fs‚ Nn√-I-
fn¬ \nd®v Infn- I - f m- b n. Ah- c psS In∂m- c - ß fpw Ie-
]nei_vZ-ßfpw Fs‚ PohnXsØ kt¥mjw \nd-™-Xm-
°n. ]ns∂ \nß-tfm-Sp-am{Xw Rm≥ Hcp kzImcyw ]d-bmw.
F\n°v At∏mƒ Hcp Iq´p-Im-cn-sb-bpw-In-´n. Ahƒ apf®p
hcp-∂tX D≈q. Ft∂-°mfpw sNdp-∏-am-Wv. F¶nepw Im‰v
132
JAYALAKSHMI P. K.
S5 AE
hcp-tºmƒ Ah-fpsS an\p-k-ap≈ Ce-Iƒ Fs‚ Nn√-I-
fn¬X-´pw. At∏mƒ Bcpw ImWmsX Rm\-h-tfmSp h¿Ø-
am\w ]d-bm-dp-≠v. Aßs\ Fs‚ PohnXw kt¥m-j-
]q¿∆w apt∂m´p \oßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Aß-s\-bncns° Hcp- Zn-hkw Iptd a\p-jy¿ Rß-fpsS
ASp-Øp-h-∂p. Fs‚bpw apØ-—≥ ac-Øn-s‚bpw Hs° XSn-
]n-Sn®p t\m°p-Ibpw F\n°v ]cn-Nbw C√m-Ø ` - mj kwkm-
cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. ]t£ HcpImcyw F\n°v a\- n-
em-bn. Fs‚ XSn \√ an\p-ka - p-≈X
- m-sW∂v. Ah¿ Aßs\
]d-™Xv F¥n-\mhpw? ]nt‰∂v cmhnse a\p-jy-cpsS h¿Ø-
am\w tI´mWv Rm≥ DW¿∂-Xv. C∂se h∂-h¿ C∂pw
h∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ]pXnb Iptd Bfp-Iƒ D≠v. F\n°v I≠p-
]-cn-Nbw C√m-Ø-h-cmWv Ah¿. s]s´-∂mWv AXv kw`-hn-
®-Xv. AXn¬ Hcp-Ø≥ Hcp km[-\w-sIm≠v Fs‚ Imen¬
Bs™mcpsh´v. Rm≥ sR´n-t∏m-bn. Fs‚ Imen¬\n∂pw
tNmc s]mSn-™p. sh´ns‚ i‡n-sIm≠v Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬
IqSv Iq´n-bn-cp∂ Infn-Iƒ F√mw ]d-∂p-t]m-bn.
F¥m-W-h¿ sNøp-∂Xv? F¥n-\m-W-h¿ Fs∂ D]-{Z-
hn-°p-∂Xv? F\n°v H∂pw a\-kn-em-bn-√. Rm≥ t\m°n
\n¬s° Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw sh´n\pdp°n Ij- W - ß -
fm°nsI´n Hcp h≠n-bn¬ B°n sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Aßs\
Rm≥ Fs‚ hf¿∂ ÿew-hn´v Fs‚ apØ-—≥ ac-sØ-
bpw- Iq´p-Im-cn-sbbpw IqSv Iq´nb Infn-I-sfbpw hn´v ]pXnb
Hcp ÿe-tØ°v ]pXnb Hcp temI-Øn-te°v bm{X-bm-bn.
]pXnb ÿehpw ]pXnb Bfp-Ifpw F\n°v Xosc
]cn-Nbw C√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. ""Bimcn'' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-
bp∂ Hcmƒ h∂v Fs‚ tZlw- sXm´v XtemSn t\m°n.
F\n°v BsI t]Sn-bm-bn. C\n ho≠pw sh´n \pdp-°p-hm≥
BIp-tam? ]t£ t]Sn-®-Xp-t]mse H∂pw \S-∂n-√. Fs‚
tZl-Øns‚ Iptd-`m-K-߃ Ah¿ ASp-°n-s]-dp°n am‰n-sh-
®p. Iptd `mK-߃ Ah¿ h≠n-bn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn. F¥n-
\m-Wmthm?
Aßs\ Rm≥ Hcp IjvWw Ib-dns‚ _‘-\-Øn¬
Hcp aqe-bn¬InS∂p. C\n Hcn-°epw Fs‚ tZlØv Infn-
Iƒ IqSv Iq´n-√. Cu Nn¥- Fs∂ hfsc thZ-\n-∏n-®p. Fs‚
IÆn¬\n∂v IÆp-\ocv hcp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£ Bcpw
AXv {i≤n-®n-√.
 Aßs\ ]nt‰∂v cmhn-se-bmbn. Fs‚ {]`m-X-߃°v
Ct∏mƒ `wKn-bn-√. Infn-I-fpsS Ie-]n-e-i-_vZ-ßfpw Fs‚
Iq´p-Im-cn-bpsS In∂m-chpw C√mØ BZysØ {]`m-Xw.
F\n°v h√msX Zmln-°p-∂p-≠m-bncp∂p. ]t£ sh≈w
hen-s®-Sp-°m≥ Fs‚ Imep-Iƒ Ah¿ sh´n-bn-t√. Rm≥
AhnsS InS-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At∏m-gmWv C∂se Fs∂
sXm´p-t\m-°nb Bƒ Fs‚ ASpØv h∂-Xv. IqsS thsd
Nne Bƒ°m¿ IqSn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ Fs∂-thsd
GtXm ÿe-tØ°v sIm≠p-t]m-bn. Ahn-sS-Ip-d-®vIqSn
hnim-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. \√ Im‰pw shfn-®hpw D≈ ÿew. Rm≥
t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ AhnsS Fs∂-t]mse thsd Ipsd-t]cpw
D≠m-bn-cp∂p. lmhq! F\n°v kam-[m-\-am-bn. an≠m\pw ]d-
bm\pw Bsc-¶nepw Hs° D≠t√m. At∏mƒ "Bimcn' F∂
Bƒ Fs∂ FSpØv Db-c-ap≈ Ft¥m H∂ns‚ ta¬ h®p.
]ns∂ Ft¥m Hcp km[-\w-sIm≠v Fs‚ tZlØv Hcp
hen, Atøm....... Fs‚ sXmen s]mfn-™p-h-∂p. Cuiz-cm....
Ch¿ Ft∂mSv F¥n-\m-Wmthm Cu t{Zmlw sNøp-∂-Xv.
Fs‚ tZlw IqSp-X¬ an\pkamIm≥ BsW-s{X. Aßs\
Fs‚ sXmen Hcp-]mSv t]mbn. Rm≥ \√ an\p-k-ap≈
Bfmbn Aßs\ InS∂p.
]ns∂bpw {]`m-X-߃ Hcp-]mSp IS-∂p-t]m-bn. Ah¿
Fs‚ tZlØv Fs¥m-s°tbm sNbvXp. Rm≥ AsX√mw
\ni-_vZ-ambn kln®p InS-∂p.
\mfp-Iƒ Hcp-]mSp Ign-™p. Fs‚ cq]w- amdnamdn
sIm≠n- c p∂p. Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlØv Fs¥- m s°mtbm
sNbvXpsIm≠n-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Aßs\ Hcp-]mSp Imew
Ign-™p. HSp-hn¬ Ah¿ "Ccpºv' Ft∂m at‰m ]d-bp∂
Iptd km[-\-߃ Fs‚ tZlØv ]nSn-∏n-®p. Ipd-s®ms°
s\ms¥-¶nepw Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ tZlw -Ip-ds®m∂pb¿∂p.
Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ t]cv "sUkvIv' Ft∂m at‰m BWv F∂v
Btcm ]d-bp-∂Xv tI´p. Aßs\ GtXm ag-°m-eØv s]m´n-
ap-f® F\n°v Iptd t]cp-I-fm-bn.
Ah¿ Fs‚ cq]sØ h≠n-bn¬ Ib‰n Ftßmt´m
sIm≠p-t]m-bn. GtXm F©n-\o-b-dnßv tImtfPv F∂p-]-d-
bp∂ ÿe-am-Wt{X AXv. GXm-Wmthm B ÿew. Fs‚
apØ-—≥ achpw Fs‚ Iq´p-Im-cnbpw D≈ ÿeamtWm
Ft¥m. Hcp-]m-Sp-Zqcw k©-cn® h≠n Hcp henb ÿe-
sØ-Øn. AhnsS AXm Hcp henb sI´n-Sw. F¥p hep-Xm-
sWt∂m? CXm- I ptam Fs‚ ]pXnb ÿew. Blm!
ImWm≥ F¥p-`w-Kn. Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw FSpØv Hcp henb
apdn-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-®p. \ndsb P\-ep-Iƒ D≈ apdn-bm-bn-
cp∂p AXv. AXm B apdn-bn¬ Fs‚ cq]-Øn¬ Hcp-]m-Sp-
t]¿ thsdbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F\n°v `b-¶c kt¥m-jw-
tXm-∂n. B, ]ns∂ B apdn-bn¬ Hcp henb IdpØ km[\w
D≠v. AXns‚ t]cv F¥m-sW-∂-dn-bn-√. Fs‚ ASpØv
Ah¿ Hcp km[\w sIm≠p-h-®p. AXns‚ t]cv "s_©v'
F∂m-W-t{X. F\n°v hfsc kt¥mjw tXm∂n. H∂p-an-
≠m≥ Hcp Bfm-bn-t√. Aßs\ Rm≥ AhnsS hfsc kpJ-
tØm-sSbpw kuI-cy-tØm-sSbpw InS-∂p.
Ipd®v \mfp-Iƒ Ign-™p. Hcp Znhkw B sI´n-S-
Øn¬ \nd®v Bfp-Iƒ h∂p. AXn¬\n∂v Hcp-]‰w Ip´n-
Iƒ Fs‚ t\¿°v h∂p. Ah¿ s_©n¬ Ccp∂v Ah-
cpsS km[-\-߃ Fs‚ tZlØv h®p. AXm, Ah¿ Ah-
cpsS ssIøp-Iƒ Fs‚ tZlØv h®v Infn-Isft]mse Ie-
]n-e-Iq-´m≥ XpSßn. Fs‚ kt¥mjw ]d™dn-bn-°m≥
]‰m-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. ho≠pw Infn-Iƒ Fs‚ Nn√-I-fn¬h∂v
IqSv Iq´n-b-Xp-t]m-se. Fs¥-∂n-√mØ kt¥mjw tXm∂n
F\n-°v.
Aßs\ Hcp-]mSv Ime-߃°v tijw Fs‚ {]`m-X-
߃ ho≠pw \nd-ap-≈-Xm-bn-Xp-S-ßn. Rm\pw ImØn-cn°pw
Fs‚ Ip´n- I ƒ Fs‚ t\¿°v hcm≥, Fs‚ tZlØv
ssIIƒ h®v Ie-]ne Iq´m≥, Fs‚ tZlØv h®v `£Ww
Ign-°m≥, Aßs\ Aßs\ Hcp ]mSp Imcy-߃. kt¥m-
j-Øns‚ Znh-kß - ƒ ho≠pw Fs‚ Pohn-XØ - n-te°v IS∂p
h∂p XpS-ßn. Aßs\ Rm≥ Pohn®p XpSßn.
]s£ s]´-∂mWv Hcp Znhkw AXv kw`-hn-®Xv. Fs‚
tZlØv Ah¿ Ft¥m Hcp km[\w sIm≠v IpØn. Hcp
\o‰-em-bn-cp∂p BZyw tXm∂n-bXv. Ft¥m Ah¿ Fgp-Xp-
I-bm-Wt- {X. H∂v Dds° Ic-bWw F∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]t£
c≠v Ccp-ºp-Im-ep-I-fm¬ _‘n® Fs‚ i_vZw Fhn-sS-
\n∂v ]pdØv hcm≥. Rm≥ AXv kln-®p-In-S-∂p. ]mhw
Ip´n-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-t°ms´ F∂p hnNm-cn-®p.
Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw apgp-h≥ Fs¥m-s°tbm FgpXn.
Hcp Znhkw Ahsc ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Bƒ h∂v Ahsc NoØ
]d™p. F¥n\m Ahsc Aßs\ ]d-™Xv Bthm?
Rm≥ H∂pw ]d-™n-√-t√m. ]mhw Ip´n-Iƒ. Ah¿ hnj-
an®p ImWpw.
]s£ Cßs\ Nn¥n®p InS∂ Fs‚ ta¬ Hm¿°m-
]p-dØmWv AXp kw`-hn-®-Xv. AXm Ah¿ Fs‚ tZlw
hen-°p-∂p. hen®p s]m´n-°p-∂p. Cuiz-cm...-Fs‚ tZl-am-
k-Iew Ah¿ hen®v s]m´n-°p-I-bm-Wv. s]s´∂v Ah¿
Fs∂ Ccpºp Imep-If - n¬ \n∂v hnap-‡\
- m°n. ]s£ AXv
C√msX F\n-°n\n \ne-\n¬∏n-√t√m. Rm≥ AXm Hcp
henb i_vZ-tØmsS Xmsg hoWp. Fs‚ tZl-Øn¬ \n∂v
tNmc s]mSn-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F√m-hcpw B i_vZw tI´v
HmSn-°qSn. ]s£ Bcpw Fs‚ B Ah-ÿsb {i≤n-°p-
∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F\n°v AhnsS InS∂v H∂v Ic-bp-hm≥
tXm∂n. ]t£ AXn-\p-t]mepw ]‰mØ Ah-ÿ-bn-em-bn-
cp∂p Rm≥.
C\n F\n°p ]Icw Ah¿ thsdmcp km[\w Ccnºp
Imen¬ hbv°m≥ t]mhp-I-bm-W-t{X. Fs‚ kvYm\w C\n
Fhn-sS-bmtWm Bthm. C\n Hcn-°epw F\n-s°s‚ Ip´n-
I-fpsS Ie-]ne i_vZw tIƒ°m≥ ]‰n-t√? Fs‚ a\- ns‚
tX߬ Bcpw tI´n-√. Ah¿ Fs∂ Ftßmt´m sIm≠p-
t]m-bn.
Ct∏mƒ Rm≥ Hcp Ccp´p apdn-bpsS aqe-bn¬ BWv
Ccn-°p-∂-Xv. ChnsS \nd®v s]mSn-bmWv. shfn-®hpw Im‰pw
Xosc C√. Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ {]`m-X-߃°v Xosc \nd-an√
BsI-IqSn Fs∂-t∏mse InS-°p∂ Iptd cq]-ßf - psS tXß-
ep-Iƒ am{Xw. Aßs\ Rm≥ H‰bv°v, Hcp aqe-bn¬,
Aßs\, Aß-s\.....
Nne-t∏mƒ tXm∂pw B Xpem-h¿j ag-bn¬ s]m´n-
ap-f-bv°msX Ccp-∂n-cp-s∂-¶n¬.....
?
133

Fßpw Ccp-´ns‚ a{¥-[z-\n, cm{Xn-bpsS Imsem® \ni-
_vZ-X-bn¬ Ah≥ tI´p. B \ni-_vZX Ahs\ `b-s∏-
SpØn. AXv Ah-\n¬ \n∂v Dd-°sØ t]mepw ]ngp-sX-Sp-
Øp. Ahs‚ D≈n¬ Bbn-c-am-bncw tNmZy-߃ Ipan™p
IqSn. F¥n-\mWv Xm≥ `b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂v Ah≥ ]e-X-
hW Xt∂m-Sp-Xs∂ tNmZn-®p....-]s£ DØcw \¬Im≥
a\ v hnk-ΩXn°p∂Xp t]mse. ASp-Ø-Zn-hkw Xs∂
kw_-‘n-s®-Sp-tØmfw Hcp Ahn-kva-c-Wob Znh-k-am-sW-
∂-dnbmw. Cu ZnhkØn\mbv F{X sImXn-®n-cn-°p∂p.
F∂n´v Ct∏mƒ F¥mWv ]‰n-bXv F∂v Ah\vv a\- n-em-bn-
√. \mfsØ HutZym-KnI Imcy-]-cn-]m-Sn-sb-∏‰n Btem-Nn®v
Ah≥ Hcp hn[w t\cw shfp-∏n-®p.
kqcys‚ BZysØ IncWw `qan-bn¬ ]Xn-®t- ∏mƒ kam¿
DW¿∂p. kt¥m-jhpw DXvI-WvTbpw IqSn-I-e¿∂v Ah\v
ka\ne sX‰ptam F∂v tXm∂n. Ah≥ H∂p IqSn ^d-thm-
bpsS Xpeyw-Nm¿Ø-tem-Sp-Iq-Snb B £W-]{Xw FSpØp
hmbn®p t\m°n. X\n°v In´m≥ t]mIp∂ _lp-a-Xnsb
Ipdn®v Btem-Nn-®p. XpS¿∂v ^d-thmsb I≠m¬ X\n°v
ka¿∏n- ° m- \ p≈ kΩm\w `{Z- a mbn FSpØp, F∂n´v
AXns‚ `wKn Bkz-Zn-®p. Ah≥ Xs∂ D≠m-°nb in¬]-
am-sW∂pw, CXp t]msem∂v D≠m-°m≥ km[m-cW Hcp
in¬]n°pw km[n-°n√ F∂Xpw Hm¿Øv Ah≥ A¬]w
Al-¶-cn-®p. Ahs‚ \oe \nd-ap≈ IÆp-Iƒ kt¥m-j-
Øm¬ h{Pw t]mse Xnf-ßn.
F{X \S-∂n´pw Xm≥ F¥mWv FØm-ØXv F∂v kam¿
Btem-Nn-®p. hgn-Iƒs°√mw \ofw IqSn-b-t]mse kz]v\w
I≠p \S-∂n-cp∂ kam¿ sR´n DW¿∂Xv Hcp Ic-®n¬ tI´m-
Wv. Hcp ]nc-anUv ]Wn-bpsS ta¬ t\m´-°m-c≥ Xs‚ ASn-
asb Ft¥m -sX-‰n\v in£n-®-t∏mƒ ASna Ic-™-XmWv
kam¿ tI´-Xv. At∏m-gmWv kam-dn\v ÿe-Ime t_m[w
D≠m-bXv. At∏m-gmWv Abmƒ°p a\- n-em-bXv Xm≥ ]nc-
anUv ]Wn-bpsS ASpØp am{Xta FØn-bn-´p≈qsh∂pw
C\nbpw sIm´m-cØnte°v Gsd Zqc-ap-s≠∂pw. C\nbpw
X\n°v \S-°-W-at√m F∂m-tem-Nn®v kam¿ \SØØns‚
thKX Iq´n.
sIm´mc Ihm-S-Øn¬ [mcmfw Bfp-Iƒ XSn®p IqSn-bn-
cp-∂p. Ah-sc√mw ^d-thm-bpsS s]mXp ]cn-]m-Sn--°mbn
FØn- b - X m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Ah≥ Ahn- s S- s bØn A¬]- k -
abØn\p-≈n¬ Imlf\mZw Db¿∂p. kpc£m `S≥amcm¬
]cn-tk-hn-X-\mbn ^dthm FØn. At±lw knwlm-k-\-
Øn¬ Bcq-V-\m-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v A∂sØ ]cn-]mSn Bcw-
`n-°p-I-bm-bn.
134
DEEPA JOY
S3 CS
"in¬]n kam¿', Xs‚ t]cv hnfn-®Xp tI´v Xs‚ Dug-
sa-Øn-b-Xmbn kam-dn\p a\- n-em-bn. kam¿ Xs‚ in¬]-
hp-ambn ^d-thm-bpsS ka£w FØn. B in¬]w ^d-thm-
bpsS ]mZ-Øn¬ ka¿∏n-®p. B in¬∏-Øns‚ kuµ-cy-Øn¬
^dthm aXn-a-d-∂p-t]m-bn. AXns‚ Ic-hn-cpXv A{X-ta¬
A\p-]-a-am-bn-cp-∂p. ^d-thm, kam-dns\ Xs‚ Acn-In¬
hnfn®v Xs‚ Iøn¬ InS∂ kph¿Æ tamXn-c-aqcn kam-dns‚
hnc-en¬ AWn-bn®v Ahs\ BZ-cn-®p. XpS¿∂v At±lw
kam-dns\ Xs‚ Bÿm\ in¬]n-bmbn hmgn-®p.
^d-thm-bpsS Bÿm\ in¬]nbpw ASpØ kplrØpw
D]-tZ-i-I-\p-ambn kam¿ AXn-thKw hf¿∂p.-^-dthm Xs‚
]nc-an-Uns\ tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n°p∂-Xns‚ Npa-Xe kam-dns\
G¬∏n-®p. kam¿ Xs‚ Iem-hn-cpXv AXnepw {]I-S-am-°n.
Hcp ^d-thm-bpsS {]i-kvXn-h¿≤n-°p-∂Xv At±-lØ - ns‚
]nc-an-Un¬ IqSn-bm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Xs‚ ]nc-an-Uv as‰√m ]nc-
an-Up-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kpµ-chpw hyXy-kvXhpw Bbn-cn-°Ww
F∂v ^dthm°v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. AXn-\mbn A-t±lw
temI-Øn¬ In´p∂ F√m kpµ-c-h-kvXp-°fpw tiJ-cn®p
At±lw Xs‚ ]nc-anUv IqSp-X¬ tamSn ]nSn-∏n-®p.
^dthm \ncym- X - \ mbn. At±- l - Ø ns‚ arX- t Zlw
kwkvI-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn AXv aΩn-bm-°n. ap∏Xp Znh-
ksØ {]m¿∞-\m-b-⁄-Øn-\p-tijw aΩnsb ]nc-an-Un¬
AS°w sNøm-\mbn ]nc-an-Un\p apºn¬ hfsc henb Hcp
ktΩ-f\w Bcw-`n-®p, {]m¿∞\I-ƒ°p tijw {][m\
Im¿Ωn-I≥ acn® ^d-thm-bpsS acW]{Xw hmbn-®p. B
acW ]{Xw Cß-s\-bmWv Ah-km-\n-®-Xv.... k-am¿ Fs‚
{]nb kplrØmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ kmao]yw \mw hfsc
CjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p. B kmao]yw Fs‚ ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-
Ønepw F\n°v Bh-iy-amW.v'' Cu hm°p-Iƒ tI´ kam¿
kvX_v[-\m-bn. C\nbpw Xm≥ ^d-thm°v H∏w Xs∂. AXm-
bXv ac-W-Øn¬ ^d-thmsb A\p-K-an-°p-I. AXmWv Xs‚
hn[n....
]nc-an-Uns‚ henb hmXn-ep-Iƒ henb I√pIfpw h{P
]ibpw h®v AS-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. ]pdØv P\w kam-
dns‚ "`mKy-Øn¬' Bi-vN-cy-∏-Sp-Ibpw Abmƒ°v Pbv hnfn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kam¿ CsXm∂pw Adn-™n-√. Abmƒ
shfn-®-Øn-te°v B¿Øn-tbmsS t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. C\n
Hcp sNdnb IncWw am{Xw _m°n. AXn-eqsS kqcy≥ AI-
tØ°v FØn t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p. Xma-kn-bmsX kqcys‚
IÆp-Ifpw I√v XS-™p. kamdpw ^d-thmbpw X\n-®mbn.
C\n F¥v?? kam¿ kzbw tNmZn-®p. ^d-thm-bpsS Dd-°-
Øn\v Imh-en-cn-°p-I...... At±-lsØ DW¿ØmsX ......-kzbw
?
Dd-ßp-∂Xp hsc....

""]q thW-am..... -]q....,-\√ sNØn-∏q, ap√-∏q....'' tK‰n-\-
cn-In¬ B Zo\i_vZw tI´n-´mWv cho-{µ≥ \mb¿ ]mXn ab-
°-Øn¬\n∂p-W¿∂-Xv.sk‰n-bn¬ \n∂v Bbm-k-s∏´v Fgp-
t∂‰v sN∂v t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ \o≠v saen™v, c≠v ssII-
fnepw \ndsb Ip∏n-h-f-I-f-Wn-™v, apSn \ndsb sh≈bpw
a™bpw ]q°ƒ sh®-e-¶-cn-®v, aq°p-Øn-b-Wn™v, Icn-ajn
]pc-≠, Ipgn™ IÆp-I-fp-ambn Hcp s]¨Ip-´n.
\ndw aßn, tim` h‰nb Hcp t\¿Ø tNe-bp-Sp-Øm-W-
hƒ \n∂n-cp-∂Xv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂-dn-bn-√, Hcp t\¿Ø
s\mºcw Ah- f n¬ Xßn- \ n¬°p- ∂ - X mbn Abmƒ°p
tXm∂n. apJØv Ir{Xn-a-amb Hcp aµ-lmkw hcp-Øn-sIm≠v
Ahƒ tNmZn-®p,""]q thW-am, km¿, \√ sNØn-∏q, ap√-
∏q....'', F¥p sImt≠m Hcp adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ Abm-fpsS
\mh-\ß - n-bn√. Ah-fpsS B \n›-eZ- riyw Abm-fn¬ Hm¿Ω-
bpsS, `qX-°m-e-Øns‚ Bbncw Nn{X߃ hncn-bn-®p. B
ambm aco-Nn-I-bn¬ \n∂v Xncn-sI-sb-Øn-b-t∏mƒ tK‰n-\-cn-
In¬ Ahƒ \n∂-bnSw iq\y-am-sW∂v Abmƒ a\- n-em-
°n.
sk‰n-bn¬ sN∂n-cp∂v Abmƒ Fs¥m-s°tbm Btem-
N-\-I-fn¬ apgp-In. B Znhmkz]v\-Øns‚ A¥y-Øn¬
Abmƒ Hcp Dd-°-Øn-te°v hgpXn hoWp.""-c-hn-tb-´m,....
hmXn¬ Xpd-°q.....'', cho-{µ≥ \mb¿ sN∂v hmXn¬ Xpd-
∂p. kc-kzXn AI-tØ°v Ibdn h∂p. kc-kzXn cho-{µ≥
\mb-cpsS kl-[¿Ωn-Wn-bm-Wv. Abm-fpsS F√m t\´-ß-
fnepw tIm´-ß-fnepw ZpxJØnepw kt¥m-j-Ønepw F√mw
Hcp km¥z\hpw ]¶m-fn-bp-am-W-hƒ. Abm-fpsS B{Klw
t]mse Xs∂ Hcp s]¨-Ip-™ns\ {]k-hn-®-hƒ.
""chn-tb´m, tamfp hnfn-®n-cp-∂p, Ahfpw cmPqw ASpØ
amkw \m´n-te-°v≠vt- {X.....-Rm≥ ]d™p \∂m-bo-∂v. Ipt´ym-
sfms° F{X \mfm∂v h®m ]ncn-™n-cn-Iym.... C{]m-hiyw
SRINATH
S5 CE
H∂p c≠p amkw Ignt™ Ahtf Rm≥ hnSq. Fs‚
Nn∂qs\ H∂v t\sc sNms∆ I≠n´p IqSoey Rm≥, Ah-
fns∏m hep-Xm-bn-´p-≠mhpw, At√ chn-tb-´m......''
""Duw'' Abmƒ aqfn.
""AhƒsS IØp-Iƒ h®v t\m°nbm X\n apØ-—s‚
kzcq]m Nn∂q-\v.'' ""At∏m Fs‚ tamfp Hcp kpµ-cn-°p-´n-
bmIpw, AXn¬ kwi-b-eym...'' Abmƒ Ifn-bmbn ]d-™p.
]nt‰∂v kc-kzXn tPmen°v t]mb tijw, cho-{µ≥
\mb¿ ]{X- ß - f n- e qsS ItÆmSn- ° p- I - b m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Ah-
km\sØ t]Pn¬ sImSp-Øn-´p≈ hm¿Ø I≠v Abmƒ
sR´n, ""tamjW {ia-Øn-\nsS Xangv kv{XoIƒ Ad-Ãn¬''
B Nn{X-Øn-en-≈-h-cn¬ Hcmƒ Ah-fm-bn-cp-∂p, Abmsf
]q¿∆ Ime-Øns‚ amkva-cnI Nn¥bnte°v sIm≠p t]mb,
B Ip∏n-h-f-I-fn´ s]¨Ip´n Xs∂.
F¥p-sImt≠m Abmƒ thZ-\n®p t]mbn. Xte-∂sØ
B Zo\ cq]w Abmƒ°v Hm¿Ω h∂p, ""hni∏v kln°msX-
bmhpw Ahƒ...'' Abmƒ Xs∂-Xs∂ Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥
\s∂ hnj-an-®p.
C\n Ahfpw "ImP-en's\t∏mse... th≠, IqSp-X¬
ImSp Ib-d≠. Abmƒ Xs∂-Xs∂ \nb-{¥n-°m≥ {ian®p.
]s£ a\- v, AXv ISn-™m-Wn-√mØ IpXn-c-sb-t∏m-se-bm-
Wv, Ftßm-s´-∂n-√msX ]mbpw AXv.
cho-{µ≥ \mb-¿°pw Xs‚ a\- ns\ ]nSn®p \n¿Øm-
\m-bn-√. Gsd Ime-Øn\p tijw Abmƒ A∂-h-tf-°p-dn-
t®m¿Øp. "ImP¬'-˛-Np-cn-°n-∏-d-™m¬, t_mws_-bnse
At\-Im-bncw tNcn-I-fnsem∂n¬ Pohn-°p∂ Hcp \mS≥
s]¨Ip-´n. ]s£ "chn' F∂ cho-{µ≥ \mb-cn¬ Ahƒ
Hcp Ae-bmbn C∂pw B™-Sn-°p-∂p.
chn A∂v t_mws_-bn¬ Hcp {]apJ am¿°-‰nßv Iº-
\n-bn¬ P\-d¬ amt\-P-cmbn tPmen t\m°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
h¿jw 1978, {]mbw Ccp-]Ø - n-b©
- n-\SpØv, ASn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ
XI¿sØ-dn™ t_mws_-bpsS apJw ho≠pw H∂p ]p©n-
cn-®p hcp∂-tX-bp-≈q. as‰√m ÿe-ßsft∏msebpw, As√-
¶n¬ AXn¬°q-Sp-Xe - mbn A{I-aß -- fpw ]oU-\ß - fpw _emXv-
kw-K-ß-fp-sa√mw B alm-\-K-csØ Hcp- a-lm-\-c-I-am°n
am‰n. \mSns‚ DW- ¿ ∆mtI≠ ]e sNdp- ∏ - ° mcpw aZy-
Ønt‚bpw I©m-hn-t‚bpw el-cn-bn¬ ASn-a-s∏´v IqØmSn
\S∂p. P\m-[n-]Xyhpw \nbakwln-Xbpsa√mw shdpw
t\m°p-Ip-Øn-I-fmbn \ne-sIm-≠p.
cho-{µ\pw Cu ]d™ Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ap‡-\m-
bn-cp-∂n-√. aZyhpw Oc- p-sa√mw Abm-fpsS Zu¿_-ey-ß-
fm-bn-cp-∂p. bmsXmcp \nb-{¥-Whpw _m[y-X-I-fp-an-√mØ
PohnXw aZn®p \S-°p∂ H‰-bms‚ `mhhpw cq]hpw Bbn-
cp∂p A∂-bmƒ°v.
135
 Aß-s\-bp≈ Hcm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn-te°v kvt\l-Øn-
s‚bpw {]W-b-Øns‚bpw ]pXp tX≥Xp≈n-Iƒ Xfn®p
sIm≠m-W-hƒ h∂-Xv˛""Im-P¬''.
Xms\ sdbn¬sh tÃj-\n¬ kplrØv tKm]n-\mYns\
kzoI-cn-°m≥ t]mIp∂ hgn-bn¬ sdbn¬th tÃj\p ]n∂n-
em-bp≈ tNcnbpsS ap≥h-isØ Xpd- mb ssaXm-\Øp
sh®mWv Abmƒ Ahsf BZy-ambn I≠-Xv.
ss]∏n-\-Sn-bn¬ sh≈w \nd-bv°p∂ _°‰v hbv°m≥
a‰p admØn s]Æp-ß-fp-ambn tImem-leap≠m-°p-I-bm-bn-
cp∂p Ahƒ. Xm≥ Ahsf {i≤n-°p-∂p-s≠-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ
Ahƒ H∂v im¥-bm-bn. CS-°Æ - n´v H∂p t\m°n X¬£Ww
Xs∂ t\m´w ]n≥h-en-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ah-fpsS tNe-bnepw Ahƒ Ccp ssIønepw [cn-®n-
cp∂ ]e \nd-Øn-ep≈ Ip∏n-hf - I
- f
- nepw, aq°n-en-´n-´p≈ aq°p-
Øn-bn-ep-sa√mw Abmƒ Hcp ]pXp kuµcyw Is≠-Øn.
I¨ \ndsb Icn-a-jnbpw tX®v.""-X\n Hcp \mS≥ s]Æm-W-
hƒ'', Abmƒ a\- n¬ ]d-™p.-tKm]n hs∂-¶nepw Ah-sf-
°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥-I-fn¬ apgpIn Abmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw kz]v\
temI-Ø-e™v \S-∂p. ""Iym lphm `mbo,? Ipd®v Znh-k-
ambn Hcp kz]v\w ImW-ev, F¥v ]‰n Ip´m............'' tKm]n
Ifn-bm-°n.
""H∂p-an-s√-tS....'' Abmƒ Hgn™p amdn.
F¶nepw ]gb t]mse IqØmSn \S-°epw e°p sI´v
Dd-ßepw F√mw Abmƒ Dt]-£n-®p. Pohn-X-Øn\v Hcp
e£yhpw A¿∞- h p- s a√mw h∂Xp t]mse Abmƒ°v
tXm-∂n.
Hc-h[n Znhkw shdpsX apdn-bpsS ap∂n¬ ]pd-tØ°v
IÆpw \´v Ccn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p Abmƒ. At∏mƒ Xmsg
Ken-bn-eqsS Ahƒ \S∂p \oßp-∂p. Abmƒ HmSn s]s´∂p
Xs∂ Xmtg-s°Øn. ]s£ Ahsf ImWm≥ Ign-™n-√.
Ch-fnXv C{X s]s´∂v Ftßm´v t]mbn F∂pw Nn¥n®v
\ncm-i-tbmsS XncnsI \S-°m-≥ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ ap∂n¬
AXm Ahƒ. Abmsf Ku\n-°msX Ahƒ \S∂p \oßn.
]n∂mse sN∂v Abmƒ Ah-tfmSv ""Iym \mw sl Xpam-
cm.......?'' F∂p tNmZn-®p.
sX√v A\n-jvS-tØmsS Abmsf t\m°n-bn´v Ahƒ
\S∂p \oßn. ""s]Æn\v A{X Al-¶m-c-tam,'' Abmƒ hnNm-
cn-®p. H‰-tbm-´-Øn\v Ah-fpsS ap∂n-seØn Abmƒ, F∂n´v
ho≠pw tNmZyw Bh¿Øn-®p, ""Iym \mw sl.........?'' CØ-
hW Ahƒ tXm¬hn kΩ-Xn®p. Np‰pw H∂v ItÆm-Sn®v
Bcpw Xßsf {i≤n- ° p- ∂ n- s √∂v a\ nem°n Ahƒ
]d™p, ""ImP¬, -Hu¿ Ip®v Pm\v\m sl...? ]qt®m \m......''
Ahƒ tZjy-tØmsS tNmZn®p. F¶nepw Abmƒ H∂pw
]d-™n-√. Nhn-´n-°p-ep°n sIm≠v Ahƒ \S∂p \oßp-
tºmƒ Ah-fpsS ssII-fn¬ \nd™p InS-°p∂ Ip∏n-h-f-
Iƒ XΩn¬ Ie-ln®v _l-f-ap-≠m-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
"ImP¬', Abm-fpsS lrZbhpw a\- p-sa√mw ho≠pw
ho≠pw B t]cv G‰p-hm-ßn.
]n∂oSv Ahsf ImWm-\p≈ hgn-Iƒ Abmƒ Xs∂
Is≠-Øn. Ahƒ t]mIp∂ hgn-Ifpw Ken-If - p-sa√mw Abmƒ
a\- n-em°n. ]Xps°∏Xps° Ahƒ Abmsf t\m°n
]p©n-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn. B ka-bØv Hcm-bncw \£-{X-߃
B apJØv hncn-bp-∂Xv Abmƒ I≠p.
{ItaW Ahƒ Abm-tfmSv kwkm-cn-°m\pw XpS-ßn.
Ah-fpsS IpSpw_tØ°p-dn-®p≈ Imcy-ß-sf√mw Abmƒ
136
tNmZn-®-dn™p. A—≥ Hcp Iº-\n-bn¬ sXmgn-em-fn-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. Ct∏mƒ bmsXmcp ]Wn-bp-an√. GXp ka-bhpw I≈p-
Ip-Sn®v e°v sI´v \S-°p-I-bmWv. AXv ]d-bp-tºmƒ Ahƒ
Ic-bp-Ib - m-bn-cp-∂p. AΩ IjvSs
- ∏´v In´p∂ Imip-sIm-≠mWv
Ah¿ Pohn-°p-∂Xv. Ah-fpsS IY tI´-t∏mƒ Abmƒ°v
Ah-tfmSv IqSp-X¬ kvt\lw tXm∂n.
""\o t]Sn-t°≠ ImP¬, \n\-°n\n F∂pw Rm\p-≠v,
\nt∂bpw \ns‚ IpSpw-_-tØbpw Rm≥ t\m°pw, \o Ft‚-
Xm-Wv, Ft‚Xp am{Xw.....'' Abm-fpsS a\ v a{¥n-®p.
]n∂oSv ]e XhW Ah¿ XΩn¬ Is≠-¶nepw Xs‚
B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-°m≥ Hcn-°epw Abmƒ°v Ign-™n-√.
Ahƒ ASp-sØ-Øp-tºmƒ GtXm Hcp amkva-cnI he-b-
Øn¬s∏´Xp t]mse Abmƒ°p tXm∂n.
""Fs‚ chn, Xm\m sIm®n-t\mSv Imcy-ßfv Fß-s\-
¶nepw H∂v ]d, As√-¶n-e-hfv h√-h-cptSw IqsS-t]m-t∆......''
tKm]n Abmsf Hm¿Ω-s∏-Sp-Øn.
]nt‰∂v Xs∂ F√mw Ah-tfmSv ]d-bm-sa∂v cho-{µ≥
tKm]n°v Dd∏v sImSp-Øp.
F∂m¬ cho-{µ≥ ]nt‰∂v Ahsf I≠n-√. ]n∂o-sSm-
cn-°epw I≠n-√. Abmƒ Ahsf At\z-jn®v t_mws_
alm-\-Kcw apgp-h≥ Np‰n \S-∂p. F¶nepw ImP-ens\ Is≠-
Øm-\m-bn√. ImP-ens‚ ho´n¬ sN∂ chn°v AhnsS \n∂v
hy‡-am-sbmcp hnhcw In´n-bn-√. ImP-ens‚ AΩ acn®p
t]mbt{X. AXn-\p-tijw B ho´nse Btcbpw B `mK-
Øp-≈-h¿ I≠n-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
cho- { µ≥ BsI XI¿∂p. tPmen- b n¬ Abmƒ°v
Xm¬]-cy-an-√m-Xm-bn. Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ Cu \c-I-Øn¬ \n∂v
c£- t \- S m≥ Abmƒ sImXn- ® p. BZy- a mbn Abmƒ°v
Xt∂mSv Xs∂ shdp∏p tXm∂n. ""Hcp s]Æn-t\m-Sp≈ CjvSw
t]mepw Xpd∂p ]d-bm≥ Ign-bmØ hnUvVn'', Abmƒ kzbw
hne-]n-®p.
cho-{µs‚ PohnXw ho≠pw aZy-Øn-s‚bpw I©m-hn-
s‚bpw el- c n- b n¬ ]Xn- ™ p. F√mw ad- ° m≥ th≠n
Abmƒ el-cn-bn¬ BdmSn \S-∂p. Abm-fpsS D≈n-se-cn-
bp∂ I\-ens‚ NqSv Bcpw Adn-™n-√.
Aßs\ Hcp \mƒ cm{Xn aZy-]n®v Abmƒ Ahn-SpsØ
tNcnbnse Hcp Ip{]-kn≤ thiym-eb - Ø- n-te°v sN∂p. H∏w
tKm]n-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. thWtam th≠tbm F∂v i¶n®p
\n∂ chnsb tKm]n Hcp apdn-bn-te°v ]nSn®p X≈n ]pdØv
\n∂v IX-I-S-®p.
Hcp s]¨Ip´n AhnsS ]pdw Xncn-™n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp∂p
Xs∂ {]m]n-°m≥ hcp-∂-h-t\bpw ImØv. Abmƒ Ah-fpsS
ASpØv sN∂v Ahsf X\n-°` - n-ap-Ja- mbn \n¿Øn. B £W-
Øn¬ Abmƒ tjmt°‰Xp t]mse Xcn®p \n∂p. AX-h-
fm-bn-cp-∂p ˛ "ImP¬'.
Ip∏n-h-f-°n-ep-°hpw ]mZ-k-c-hp-a-Wn™v Xs∂ tamln-
∏n® AtX s]Æv. ]s£ Ah-fpsS IÆp-I-fn¬ ]gb B
amkva-cn-I-X-bn-√. ]Icw Hcp Xcw ac-hn∏v am{Xw. Ahƒ
Abmsf t\m°n thZ-\-tbmsS aµ-l-kn-®p. Abmƒ A]-
am-\n-X-s\-t∏mse \n∂p \odn-∏p-I-™p.
Abm-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ Hcm-bncw Ip∏nh-f-Iƒ Nn∂n-
®n-X-dn.
?
 JINCY P. MANUEL
S1S2 AE

hgn-]m-Sp-Iƒ°p-ambn \o°n-sh-®p. tkXp-hns‚

tPyjvT≥ cma-\m-Ys‚ D]-tZ-i-{]-Imcw ]e
tUmIvS¿am-scbpw I≠p. HSp-hn¬ Cuiz-c≥
Ah-cpsS {]m¿∞\ tI´p. Ah¿s°m-cm¨Ip-
™p-≠m-bn. AsXm-cm-tLm-j-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cu
Imew-sIm≠v tkXphpw Kucnbpw tNcn-°m-cp-
I¿°n-SIØnse Hcp i]n-°-s∏´ sh≈n-bmgvN. tImcn-s®m-cn-bp∂ tSbpw {]nb-s∏-´-h-cmbn amdn-bn-cp-∂p. t]c-°p´n
ag. CS-bv°n-S-bv°p≈ CSn-an-∂¬ cm{Xn-bpsS ImTn-\ysØ h¿≤n∏n®p P\n-®-X-dn™v tkXp-hns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw
-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. B AΩ-bpsS a\- nepw P\m-ebv°p shfn-bn-te-Xp-t]mse Ah- t cm- s Sm∏w Xma- k n- ° p- h m- s \- Ø n.
CSn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb s]cp-ag- b
- m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn-°epw tXmcmØ ag, {]Xo-£bv°p Ip™ns\ hnfn-°m-\mbn Kucn Is≠-Ønb
bmsXm-cp-h-Ibpw C√m-Xn-cp-∂n´pw B AΩ tIWp {]m¿∞n-®p. Cuizcm, t]cp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p tkXp-hns‚ amXm-]n-Xm-
Fs‚ Ip™n-s\m∂pw hcp-Øt√. \n -lm-b-bmb B AΩ-bv°v A{X- °ƒ I≠p-sh-®n-cp-∂-Xpw. DZ-b-kq-cys‚ apJ-
bt√ ]‰q. Ah-cpsS a\- n¬ ZpxJw Xfw sI´n-\n-∂p. F{X `b-¶-c-amb am-bn-cp∂ Ahs\ Ah¿ "BZn-Xy≥' F∂p hnfn-
{Iqc-X-bmWv hn[n Xt∂mSv ImWn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. X\n°v G‰hpw {]nb-s∏´ ®p. Ah-sc-√m-hcpw Hcp-t]mse Ahs\ "BZn'
Xs‚ Ip™v.... Xs‚ Poh\pw amwk-hp-amb Xs‚ Ip™v... Ahƒ°v F∂p sN√-t∏cn-´p. sNdp-∏-Øn-t‚-Xmb F√m
kln-®n-√. Ah-cpsS sXm´-cp-In-embn tkXp-am-[-h≥, B kv{XobpsS Ipdp-ºp-Ifpw Im´n Ah≥ hf¿∂p. tNcn-bnse
`¿Ømhv \n¿∆n-Im-c\ - mbn Ccn-°p-∂p. B BLmXw At±-lØ - n\p Xmßm- Ip´n-If- p-ambn Iq´p-Iq-Sn. tNcn-\n-hm-kn-If
- p-tSbpw
hp-∂X- n-ep-ta-sd-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp tUmIvS¿ IqSn-bmb tkXp-hns‚ tPyjvT≥ {]nb-s∏-´-h-\mb amdn-°-gn-™n-cp∂p Ah≥.
cma-\m-Y≥ AXym-ln-X-hn-`m-K-Øn\v AIØpw ]pd-Øp-ambn sh{]m-f-s∏´p BZn-bpsS GXp Ipkr-Xn-Ø-c-Øn\pw Iq´v B
\S-°p-∂p. Bip-]-{Xn°p ]pdØv Xnan¿Øp s]øp∂ ag-bn¬ IÆp-\o- tNcn-\n-hm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cpsS A\p-hm-
tcmsS {]m¿∞n-°p∂ Hcp Iq´w tNcn-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ, Ah¿°v hf-sc-tbsd Z-an-√msX Kucn°v BZnsb iIm-cn-°m-\p≈
{]nb-s∏-´h- \- mWv AIØv Poh-\p-th≠n ]nS-bp-∂X - v. ]s£ Ah-sc-t∏mse Ah-Imiw t]mep-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp If-IvS¿
Xs∂ ssZh-Øn\pw Ah≥ {]nb-s∏-´h - \- m-sW∂v Ah¿ ad-∂p-t]m-tbm....... Bbn \n∂p-sIm≠v B tNcn-°p-th≠n sNøm-
tkXp-am-[-h≥ Hcp km[m-cW IpSpw-_-Øn¬ P\n-®p-h-f¿∂ Hcp hp∂ F√mw tkXp sNøp- a m- b n- c p- ∂ p. B
am\y≥. At±-l-Øns‚ {]bXv\w sIm≠pw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS {]m¿∞-\- \µnbpw IS-∏mSpw Hcn-°epw Ah¿ ad-∂n-√.
sIm≠pw At±lw Hcp sF.-F.-Fkv Hm^o-k-dmbn. AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv Ah¿°v Hcp B{i-b-am-bn-cp∂p tkXp-hns‚
At±lw A\m-Ym-e-b-Øn¬ hf¿∂ Kucnsb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Ah-fpsS IpSpw_w. Kucn°pw Ahsc as‰m-cp-X-c-
imeo-\-Xbpw \njvI-f-¶-Xbpw tkXp-hns\ h√msX BI¿jn-®p. amXm- Øn¬ ImWp-hm≥ km[n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
]n-Xm-°-fpsS kΩ-X-tØmsS Xs∂ Ah¿ H∂m-bn. Aßs\ kt¥m-j- "tNcn-\n-hm-kn-Iƒ' F∂ th¿Xn-cnhv Hcn-
tØmsS Ah¿ Hcp IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-am-cw-`n-®p. tkXp-hn\v Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c- °epw Ah¿°v tkXp-hns‚ ho´n¬\n∂pw
tØ°v ÿew-am‰w In´n. HutZym-KnI hkXn ths≠-∂p-sh®v Ah¿ ]pXn- D≠m-bn-´n-√. BZn-bm-sW-¶n¬ tNcn-bnse
sbmcp hoSp-hmßn. tkXp-hns‚ hoSv Dƒs∏sS c≠p-aq∂v henb hoSp- tN´≥am-cp-tSbpw tN®n-am-cp-tSbpw IÆn-ep-
Iƒ Ign-™m¬ ]n∂-hn-Sp-≈Xv apgp-h\pw IpSn-ep-Ifpw sjÕp-I-fp-am-Wv. Æn-bm-Wv.
F¥n-\n-ß-s\mcp ÿew sXc-s™-SpØp F∂p tNmZn-®m¬ X\n-°p-≠m-
hp∂ Ip™v ]mh-s∏-´-h-tcbpw I≠dn™v hf-cs´ F∂v tkXp ]d-bpw. BZn°v sNdp∏w apXte Hmtcm CjvS-
ßfpw A\n-jvSß
- fpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \∂mbn
PohnXw kt¥m-j-tØmsS apt∂m-´p-t]m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-tºmgpw
Kucn°v Hcp k¶-S-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnhmlw Ign™v \mev h¿jw Ign-
Nn{X-߃ hc-bv°p∂ BZn°v G‰hpw {]nb-
™n´pw Ah¿°v Hcp Ip™p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F∂m¬ D≈nse hnjaw ad- s∏´ \ndw Nph-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. Nph∂ ]q°sf
®p-sh®v tkXp Ahsf Biz-kn-∏n-°pw. F√m-‰n\pw Hcp ka-b-ap-≠v. ka- Ah≥ Gsd kvt\ln-®p. tdmkm-]q-°ƒ
b-am-hp-tºmƒ F√mw icn-bm-bn-s°m-≈pw. Aßs\ Ah-cpsS ImØn-cn∏v Ahs‚ Poh-\m-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂
F´p- h ¿jw hsc \o≠p. Kucn Xs‚ PohnXw {]m¿∞- \ - I ƒ°pw Ah\v {]nb-s∏-´-h-bm-bn-cp∂p Kp¬tam-l¿

137
]q°-fpw. AXns‚ Nph∂ CXƒ \J-Øn-sem-´n®v Iq´p-Imsc t]Sn-
∏n-°m≥ Ah-t\sd CjvS-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ Ahs‚ \n¿_-‘-
{]-Imcw Ah-cpsS ho´p-ap‰w sNSn-I-fm¬ \nd-™p. ]t£ Hcp
]qt]mepw Bcpw sXmSm≥ (t]m-epw) ]mSn-√. AX-h\v \n¿_-‘-am-
bn-cp-∂p. F∂pw cmhnse Ah≥ ap‰-Øp-t]mbn F√m ]q°-tfmSpw
kwkm-cn-°pw, hg-°nSpw, F∂mepw ]q ]dn-°m-dn-√. A{X-am{Xw
Ah≥ Ahsb kvt\ln-®n-cp-∂p. ]q°-tfm-Sp≈ Ahs‚ Bthiw
ho´n-ep-≈-h¿ Bkz-Zn-®n-cp-∂p. ]q°-tfm-Sp≈ t]mse-Xs∂ apØ-»n-
tbmSpw Ah\v hfsc CjvS-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. apØ-»n-bpsS aSn-bn¬
Xe-NmbvNv IY tI´p-d-ßm≥ Ah≥ \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. Ahs‚
A\n-jvS-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw {][m\w `£-W-ambncp∂p. AXv AΩ
\n¿_-‘n®v hmcn-s°m-Sp-Ømse Ah≥ Ign-°q.
A∂v B i]n-°-s∏´ Znh-khpw AXp-X-s∂-bmWv kw`-hn-®-
Xv. AΩ `£Ww FSp-°p-∂-Xp-I≠v BZn Iq´p-Im-tcbpwsIm≠v
sSd- n\p apI-fn¬ Hfn-°p-hm≥ t]mbn. apØ»n AXp I≠p-an-√.
Aßs\ apI-fn-en-cn-°p-tºm-gmWv \ndsb ]q°-fp-ambn Xs∂ t\m°n
Nncn-°p∂ Kp¬tam-l¿sImºv BZn I≠-Xv. AXv sSd- n\p apI-fn-
te°v FØn-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. BZn AXv ]dn-°p-hm-\mbn ssIIƒ
\o´n. ]t£ In´n-bn-√. Ah≥ ]Xnsb sSd- n\p Np‰p-ap≈ sI´n\p
apI-fn¬ Ib-dn. ]qhm-sW-¶n¬ In´n In´n-bn√ F∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-emWv
\n¬°p-∂-Xv. a‰v Ip´n-Iƒ Ah\v Bthiw sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-
∂p. _lfw tI´v apØ»n ap‰-tØ°v Cd-ßm≥ XpS-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. s]s´∂v Hcp sIm®p Im‰p-ho-in. BZn sXmSm≥ FØn-\n-∂n-
cp∂ sImºv ]nd-tIm´p amdn. Imep-sX-‰nb BZn \nb-{¥-W-an-√msX
Xmtgm´p hoWp. X\n°v tNmdp-ambn ImØn-cp∂ AΩ-bpsS apºn-
te-°v. tNmc-bn¬ Ipfn®p InS-°p∂ Xs‚ Ip™n-s\-°≠v AΩ
\Sp-ßn. AΩ Ip™ns\ HmSn-s®-s∂-SpØp amtdm-S-W-®p. ]ns∂
F¥p-≠mbn F∂v Kucn-t°m¿Ω-bn-√. t_m[w hcp-tºmƒ Ahƒ
Bip-]{Xn InS-°-bn-em-Wv. k‘y-bm-bn. AkvX-an-°p∂ kqcys\
t\m°n Ahƒ a\- n¬ sR´-temsS hnfn®p ""BZn.......''. IqsS-bp-
≠m- b n- c p- ∂ - h ¿ Ahsf Biz- k n- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ {ian- ® p. ]t£
Hc-Ωsb Cu Ah-ÿ-bn¬ F¥p ]d-™mWv Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥
km[n-°p-I.
]pdØv Hmtcm CSn-sh-´p-tºmgpw Kucn-bpsS a\ v sR´-temsS
hnfn°pw, BZn...... BZn... apØ-—\pw apØ-»nbpw ]pd-Øp-\n∂v hnßn-
s∏m´n {]m¿∞n-®p. ""Cuizcm Ahs‚ Poh\p ]I-c-ambn Cu c≠p
Poh-s\-Sp-tØmfq''. ]t£ kabw Gsd sshIn-bn-cp-∂p. BZn-Xy≥
Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn AkvX-an-®p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ah\v akvXn-jvI-a-
cWw kw`-hn®p F∂v tUm.-cm-a-\m-Y≥ sR´-temsS a\- n-em-°n.
]t£ Ahs‚ D≈n¬ Pohn®p sImXn-Xo-cmsX XpSn-°p∂ Hcp lrZ-
b-ap-≠v. Hcp tUmIvS-dpsS ZuXy-t_m[w cma-\m-Y\v At∏mƒ D≠m-
bn. a‰p tUmIvS¿amcpw cma-\m-Ys‚ A`n-{]mbw icn-sh-®p. ]t£
AXn\p Kucn-bp-tSbpw tkXp-hn-s‚bpw kΩXw thWw. acWw Dd-
∏mb Hcp Ip´nsb {i≤n-°p-∂-Xnepw \√Xv B Ip´n-bn-eqsS Pohn-X-
ap-≠m-hm≥ t]mhp∂ \mep-t]-cpsS Imcyw {i≤n-°p-∂-Xn-e-t√. Aß-
s\-bt√ Hcp tUmIvS¿ Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ ]mSp-≈q. cma-\m-Y\pw a‰p
tUmIvS¿amcpw H∂n®v tkXp-hns\ Imcyw ]d™p a\- n-em-°n.
bmsXmcp {]Xn-I-c-W-hp-an-√msX tkXp Ccp-∂p. Aev]-k-a-b-Øn-
\p-tijw Imcyw Kucn-tbmSv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ tkXp ]d-™p, Ah-
138
tfm-SXv ]d-bm-\p-≈ Ic-fp-d∏v tkXp-hn-\p-t]m-
e p - a n - √ m - b n - c p - ∂ p .
HSp-hn¬ cma-\m-Y≥ Xs‚ `mcysb Imcy-ta-ev]n-
®p. kv{XoIƒ°v kv{XoI-fpsS a\- -dn-bm-a-
t√m....... CSn-sh-t´-‰-Xp-t]mse Kucn Imcy-߃
tI´psIm≠ncp-∂p. X\n°p h∂ Ime-t°-Sn\v
Ahƒ Btcbpw ]gn-®n√, hn[n-sb-t∏m-epw.
X\n°v Btem-Nn-°m≥ kabw thW-sa∂v
Kucn ]d-™p. tUmIvS¿am¿ cmhnse hsc
kabw sImSp-Øp. kz¥w Ip™ns‚ icocw
]e-Xmbn `mKn-°p-∂Xv GX-Ω-bmWv kln-°p-
I. ]t£ Kucn kΩ-Xn-®p. \nd-߃ ImWm-
\m-{K-ln-°p∂ BZn-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ C\nbpw
\nd-߃ ImW-W-sa∂v Ahƒ B{K-ln-®p.
Pohn-°m≥ sImXn-°p∂ B lrZbw C\nbpw
Pohn-°s´ F∂-hƒ tamln-®p. tUmIvS¿am¿
Ahƒ°-\p-h-Zn® ka-b-Øn\p aptº Ahƒ
Ah¿°v kΩ-Xw- sIm-Sp-Øp. ]ns∂ sshIn-
bn√, tUmIvS¿am¿ Bh-iy-°m-cmb \mev tcmKn-
Isf sXc- s ™- S p- Ø p. IÆp- I ƒ, lrZ- b w,
hr°-Iƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn BZn-bn¬\n∂pw Ah-
cn-te°v amdn-s°m-≠n-cp∂p, BZn Adn-bm-sX......
ASpØ kp{]- ` m- X - Ø n\v F∂p- a p≈
tim`-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. BZn-Xy≥ Hfn-a-ßnb
Hcp DZ-b-amWv A∂-tØ°v am‰n-sh-®-Xv. Fhn-
sSbpw Hcp ivaim\ aqI-X. BZn-bpsS hndp-ß-
en® icocw Bw_p-e≥kn¬ Ib-‰n-b-t∏mƒ
B aqI- X bv ° v A¥y- a m- b n. Iq´- \ n- e - h nfn
Db¿∂p. apØ»n Ahs\ aSn-bn¬ InS-Øn.
]t£ IY-tIƒ°m≥..... B Bw_p-e≥kv IS-
∂p-t]m-hp∂ hgn-Øm-c-I-fn¬ \ndsb hmI-Iƒ
]q°ƒ sImgn-®n-´n-cp-∂p. ]s£ AXp ImWm≥
BZn°p Ign-bp-I-bn-√-t√m. Ae-ap-d-bn´p Ic-
bp∂ \m´p-Im¿°n-S-bn-eqsS IsÆØm Zqc-
tØ°v Hcp s]m´p-t]mse B hml\w ad-™p.
B ap‰sØ tdmkm-∏q-°ƒ C∂p hncn-
bp-∂n-√. Hmtcm sam´pw Xe-bp-b¿Øn Np‰pw
t\m°pw. BZn ASp- Ø pt≠m? Ahs\
ImWmsX, B Npw_\w In´msX, B sam´v
hnScpw aptº sImgn-™p-t]mIpw, BZn-sb-
t∏mse. ho´p- a p- ‰ sØ Kp¬tam- l ¿ F∂pw
\ndsb ]q°-fp-ambn ImØp-\n¬°pw. Fs∂-
¶nepw BZn-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ Xßsf ImWm≥
FØpw. B lrZbw Ahsc tXSn
-h-cpw. A∂v Kucn-tbmSpw tkXp-hn-t\m-Sp-sam∏w
Hcp- ] mSv kv t \l- t ØmsS Ahs\ hc- t h-
ev ° m≥ B ]q°fpw D≠mhpw. BZnsb
kvt\ln-®, BZn kvt\ln® ]q°ƒ.
?
 ACME FRANCIS
S5 AE

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Bcpw FØn- b n- ´ n- √ . Ipsd t\cw

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AhnsS Np‰n-∏‰n \n∂-t∏mƒ Ah¿ 10- a-Wnt°

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hcq F∂v Adn-™p. cmhnse 4 hours BWv

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D≈-Xv. BZy-tØXv Mobile¬ Ifn®pw c≠m-a-

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tØXv cut sNbvXpw aq∂m-a-tØXpw \mem-a-

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tØXpw Dd-ßnbpw Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p.

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Aßs\ ImØn-cp∂ kph¿W-k-abw

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hs∂-Øn. Btcm-KyZrVKm-{X-cm-b-hsc Hgn-

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hm°n ]mh-ß-sf-bmWv R߃ sXc-s™-Sp-

○
○
Ø-Xv. (A-Sn-sIm-≈p-∂Xv F\n°v Xosc CjvS-

○
a- √ ). Aßs\ henb IÆp- I - f p≈ Hcp
○
○
sNdnb s]¨Ip- ´ nsb R߃ hnfn- ® p.
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○
○
Ahsf ]cn-N-b-s∏´v A`n-hm-Zy-amb Salute
kzoI-cn®v Ign-™-t∏m-tg°pw Rß-fn¬ Hcp-
○

h\v Ah-tfmSv {]W-b-am-bn. “Love at first sight”,

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F∂v thW-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bmw. Ah\pw Fs‚

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F s‚ Icn-™p-W-ßnb `mh-\-bn¬ apf-®p-s]m-ßnb IqsS _m°n D≠m-bn-cp-∂-hcpw AhƒsS

○

Fungus BWo cN-\. at\m-a-fi-e-Øn¬ Dcp-≠p-Iq-Snb ap´-Iƒ ]n∂mse t]mbn. “Ragging\m¬ \n_n-V-amb
○
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Iq´n ap´n s]m´n D≠mb omelette BWo cN-\. Hcp College Library hcm- ¥ - b n¬ Rm≥ H‰°v \n¬°p-
○
○

{]Wbw. cm{Xn ""tImbo an¬ Kbm'' I≠v Ign™v InS-°p-tºmƒ tºmƒ Cf-¶m-‰n¬ apSn-]m-dn-®p-sIm≠v tImtf-
○

Hcp-aWn Ign-™n-cp-∂p. cmhnse ssSw]okv cm£-ks‚ Ae¿® Pns‚ XcwKw F∂v Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ s]¨Ip´n
○

am-[-hs‚ IÆp-Iƒ, Aishwarya

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tI´mWv DW¿∂-Xv. Nph-cn-em-Sn-°-fn-°p∂ Ie-≠-dn¬ 12-˛mw XnøXn. hcp- ∂ p. Imhym-

○

s]s´∂v Xe-t®m-dn¬ Hcp an∂¬ ]m™p-t]m-bn. ""C∂t√ College Rai bpsS Np≠p- Iƒ, Aßs\ samØ-Øn¬
○

¬ Juniors hcp∂ Znh-kw'', thKw Fgp-t∂‰v Ipfn®v Ip´-∏-\mbn Film star

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Hcp S®v D≈ Hcp kpµ-cn. Rm≥ Fs‚

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College te°v h®p ]nSn-®p. c≠p ssIIfpw Db¿Øn Ah-tfmSv lmbv ]d-™p.
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Ahƒ t{]am¿{Z-amb IÆp-I-fm¬ Fs∂ t\m°n ]d-

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tImtf- P ns‚ ]Sn- I ƒ Ib- d p- t ºmƒ Notice

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™p. ""Fgp-t∂¬°v, F{X t\c-ambn hnfn-°p∂p''. Rm≥

Boardte°v Adn-bmsX H∂v t\m°n-t∏m-bn. AhnsS
○

tNmZn-®p ""F¥v?'' s]s´∂v Hcp A⁄mX i‡n h∂v

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taml≥-em-ens‚ ]S-Øns‚ t]mÿ H´n-°p-∂Xp t]mse

○

Fs‚ DZ-c-`m-KØv ]Xn-®p. Rm≥ sXdn®v tImWn-∏-Sn-I-

H´n-®n-cn-°p-∂p “Ragging is a Criminal Offence” .B t]∏¿
○

fn¬ hoWp. ]Sn-I-fn-eqsS Dcp≠p hogp-tºmƒ Rm≥

○

hen®p Iodn Hcp kml-kn-I-\m-hWw F∂v tXm∂n-sb-

○

Fs‚ IÆp-Iƒ Cdp-°n-b-S®v AtΩ F∂v Dds° hnfn-

○

¶n-epw, kml-kn-I-X-bv°p≈ {]Xn-^-e-ambn {]n≥kn-∏¬ ®p. DS≥ h∂p Readymade answer ""Ft¥m?''. Rm≥
○

Xcp∂ suspension F∂ hocm-fn-∏-´ns\ Ipdn-t®m¿Ø- IÆp- I ƒ Xpd∂p t\m°n. Film star kpµ- c n- b psS
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t∏mƒ, F∂nse kml-kn-I≥ second show bv°v t]mbn. ÿm\Øv Rm≥ I≠Xv Fs‚ A\n-b-s\-bm-Wv. kw`-
○

h-ÿ-e-tØ°v AΩbpw HmSn-sb-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. Rm≥ clock

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¢m n¬ Ib-dn-s®-∂-t∏mƒ AXm AhnsS Ipd®v

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te°v t\m°n. kabw 5.30. \S∂sX√mw kz]v\-am-bn-

○

s]¨Ip-´n-Ifpw Ah-cpsS CS-bn¬ “Sugar Boy” F∂-dn-b-

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cp∂p F∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ GXm\pw \nan-j-߃ th≠n

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s∏-Sp∂ hnZym¿∞nbpw Ccn-°p-∂p. Ahs‚ knc-I-fn¬ h∂p. cmhnse HmSm≥ t]mhm-\p≈ A\n-bs‚ wake call
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HmSp-∂Xv ]©m-c-em-b-\n-bm-Wv. AXns‚ Hcw-i-sa-¶nepw

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Bbn-cp∂p B A⁄mX i‡n F∂v ]n∂oSv a\- n-

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Fs‚ knc- I - f n- t em- S m- Ø - X n- \ m¬ Rm≥ Akq- b m- e p- em-bn. Every Action has an equal and opposite reaction F∂m-
○

hm- b n. Bag sIm≠v last bench¬ ÿew ]nSn®v Ist floor Wt√m. AXnse B opposite reaction Fs‚ A\n-b\v
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○

te°v bm{X- b m- b n. First years s\ ImWm≥. AhnsS kΩm-\n-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ HmSm≥ Cd-ßn. Hcp a[p-c-
○

?
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FØn-b-t∏mƒ \ncm-i-bm-bn-cp∂p ^ew. kz-]v\-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-I-fp-am-bn.

○

139
 A\p-`-h-°p-dn-∏p-Iƒ
c ≠v h¿j-߃°v apºv, IrXy-ambn ]d-™m¬ 2003
sk]vXw-_¿ amk-Øn-emWv {]Xo-£-bpsS `mfihpw t]dn
R߃ sF.-C.-F- ns‚ ]Sn Nhn-´n-b-Xv. dmKnßpw ko\n-
tb-gvkp-sam∂pw C√mØ Hcp temIw Rßsf ImØn-cn-°p-
∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tImtfPv tlmì XpS-ßm-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬
tIc-f-h¿Ω tImtf-Pn-\-Sp-Øp≈ "Ir]' tlmÃ-en-emWv
R߃ FØn-s∏-´-Xv. AhnsS Rßsf kzoI-cn-°m≥ Znhm-
I- t c- ´ - \ p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. tlmì hm¿U- s \- ∂ - X n- e p- ] cn
R߃°-t±lw Hcp apXn¿∂ ktlm-Z-c-s\-t∏m-se-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. CW-°-ßfpw ]nW-°-ß-fpw-, sIm®p sIm®p Ifn-Nn-cn-
I-fp-ambn R߃ F√m-hcpw hfsc thKw \√ kplr-Øp-
°- f mbn amdn. ]e- t ∏mgpw A¿≤- c m- { Xn- ° - ∏ pdw \ofp∂
t{UmbnwKv tlmwh¿°p- I fpw kn\n- a - I - f pw - A - X n- \ n- S -
bvs°ms° Aev]w ]T-\-hp-ambn Znh-k-ß-tfmSn ad-™p.
{InkvXp-akpw \yqC-bdpw i_vZ-tIm-em-l-e-ß-fp-ambn
"Ir]' PohnXw R߃ BtLm-jn-®p. H‰ cq]m Xp´p-Iƒ°p
]Icw Ccp-]-Ø©v ss]km-Øp-´p-Ifpw tImbn≥ t_mIvkn-
en´v hnfn-°m-sa∂ "hnπ-hI - c
- a
- mb' I≠p-]n-SpØw \S-Øn-bXpw
As∂-t∏mtgm Bbn-cp-∂p. aSp-∏n-°p∂ ]I-ep-I-fn¬ I\Ø
]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fpsS t]Pp-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ kzbw \jvS-s∏´
aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ.... Assk≥sa‚p-Ifpw Syqt´m-dn-b-ep-I-fp-ambn
]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS s]m≈n-°p∂ ho¿∏p-ap-´-ep-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬
\n∂pw Iq´p-Im-tcm-sSmØv IpkrXn Im´nbpw Xam-i-Iƒ
]d™pw a\- nse {]W-bsØ Km\-ß-fmbn aqfnbpw Dudn-
®n-cn®pw Aß-s\.. Aß-s\... tImtfPv Zn\-ßfpw IS-∂p-
t]m-bn. "em_v FIvkm'ans‚ NqSv s^{_p-h-cn-bnse XWp-
∏ns\ adn-I-S-∂p. Aßs\ B Znh-kw... s^{_p-h-cn-˛28
hs∂-Øn.
a[pckz]v\-Øns‚ amkva-cn-I-X-bn¬ \n∂v sR´n-bp-
W¿∂Xv Aem-dsØ i]n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. a\- ns‚ CSp-
ßnb tImWp- I - f n¬ \n∂pw Btcm a{¥n- ® p. "em_v
FIvkmw'. a‰p {_m-©p-Iƒ kpJ-am-bn Iq¿°w hen-®p-d-ßp-
∂p. A∂m-Zy-ambn Ah-tcmSv Akqb tXm∂n. tai-bn¬ NnX-
dn-°n-S∂ sdt°m¿Up-I-fn¬ \n∂pw "^nknIvkv sdt°m¿Uv'
X∏n-sb-Sp-°p-tºmƒ, Xte∂v Dd-°w-H-gn®v ]Tn® sIan-kv{Sn-
bnse cmk-hm-Iy-ß-sfm-´p-ap-°mepw Ftßmt´m am™p-t]m-
bn-cp-∂p. ]pkvX-I-ß-fp-am-bp-≈ bp≤-Øn-\n-S-bvs°-t∏mtgm
Znhm-I-tc-´s‚ "tP°-t∫.....' F∂p≈ hnfn ImXn¬ apg-ßn-
b-t∏mƒ sdt°m¿Up-Isf hI-™p-am‰n `£-W-Øn\p ap∂n-
140
te-t°m-Sn.... A∂pw ]Xn-hp-tZmi Rßsf ImØn-cn-°p-
∂p≠m-bn-cp-∂p. _mKpw "em_v tIm´p'ambn _kv kvt‰m∏n-
te-bvt°m-Sp-tºmƒ ]Xn-hp-_kv In´ptam F∂ Bi-¶-bm-
bn-cp-∂p Rß-fpsS D≈n¬. {]Xo-£n-®-{Xbpw {]iv\-ß-fn-
√msX \mev em_v FIvkm-ap-Ifpw Ign-™p. BZy-_ n¬
Xs∂ ]q¶p-∂Øp h∂n-dßn CS-h-gn-bn-eqsS \S∂v i¶-cw-
Ip-f-ßc Aº-e-Øn-\-cn-In-se-Øn. Aº-e-∏-d-ºn\p \Sp-hn¬
]S¿∂p]-¥e - n®p \n¬°p∂ B¬a-cØ - W - e
- n¬ Ipd-®p-t\cw
hn{i-an-®n´p t]mImw F∂v Iq´-Øn-emtcm ]d-™p. hn{i-a-
Øn-\p-tijw Pe-tP-®n-bpsS IS-bnse anTm-bnbpw \pW-™p-
sIm≠v \S-∂-t∏mƒ a\ v Xnc-sbm-gn™ IS¬t]mse
im¥-am-bn-cp-∂p.
tIc-f-h¿Ω-bpsS apJy-I-hm-SsØ ]n∂n-em°n Ir]-
bpsS hmXn¬°-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ F∂pw ]p©n-cn-bp-ambn
Rßsf ImØp-\n¬°p∂ Znhm-It- c-´s - \-b√ A∂p ImWm≥
Ign-™-Xv. Xpd-∂n´ hmXn¬∏-Sn-bn¬ \n¬°p∂ Znhm-I-tc-
´s‚ æm\-amb apJw Rß-fn¬ Akz-ÿ-X-bp-f-hm-°n. H∂p-
ap-cn-bm-SmsX he-Xp-h-isØ Pme-I-∏m-fn-bn-te°v At±lw
hnc¬ Nq≠n. Ahn-sS-sbm-´n-®n-cp-∂, ]g-°w-sIm≠v aßn-Øp-
S-ßnb Hcp sh≈-°-S-emkv Rß-fpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬s∏-´p. CS-
Xq¿∂ A£-c-߃°n-S-bn¬\n∂pw "]sØm-º-Xp-e-£Øn
Aº-Xn-\m-bncw' F∂ kwJy-bn¬ Rß-fpsS IÆp-S-°n.
t\m´o-knse hcn-Iƒ hy‡-ambn H∂p hmbn-®-t∏mƒ Ir]
P]vXn sNø-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂ bmYm¿∞yw R߃°v
Dƒs°m-≈m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-bn-√. "C\n-sb-tßm´v'? F∂ tNmZyw
F√m-h-cpsS D≈nepw apg-ßn. hnZym¿∞n-I-sf∂ ]cn-K-W-\-
sIm-≠v, P]vXn-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ c≠p Znh-k-tØ°v \o´n-h-bv°m≥
_m¶v A[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-bn. tlmÃ-ep-Sa hcpØn sh®
IS-_m-[y-X-bm-bn-cp∂p Rß-fpsS B Ah-ÿbv°v Imc-
Ww. A∂p cm{Xn ]m°nwKpw Ign™v Dd-ßm≥ InS-∂-t∏mƒ
a\ v kp\m-an-Øn-c-Iƒ B™-Sn-°∂ IS¬t]mse {]£p-
_v[-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]nt‰∂v Rß-fn¬ Ipd-®p-t]¿ Znhm-I-tc-´-t\msSm∏w
hoSp t\m°m-\n-dß - n. Ipd-®p-t]¿ F√mw ad-°m≥ kn\n-abv°p
t]mbn. Hcp Znh-kw-sIm≠v hosS-ßs\ Xc-s∏-Sm-\mWv?
Aßs\ Rmb-dm-gvNbpw IS-∂p-t]m-bn. Rß-fpsS Ir]-
bnse Ah-km\ Znh-khpw hs∂-Øn.
A∂p cmhnse tImtf-Pn-seØn A[n-Ir-X-tcmSv hnh-
c-߃ [cn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ Ah-cpsS \n -lm-bX shfn-
s∏-Sp-Øn. Fßpw ÿew In´n-bn-s√-¶n¬ sdbn¬th-tÃ-j≥
kpc-£nX ÿm\-am-sW∂v ]d™ A≤ym-]n-I-bpsS hm°p-
Iƒ Xam-i-bmbn Icp-Xm-\m-hp∂ Hcp am\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-bn-em-
bn-cp-∂n√ R߃.
""]mºp-Iƒ°p amf-ap-≠v, ]d-h-Iƒ°m-Im-i-ap-≠v,
a\p- j y- ] p- { X\v Xe Nmbv ° m≥ aÆn- e n- S - a n√''
F∂v ]mSnb kl- ] mTn F¥m- b n- c n°pw Dt±- i n- ® Xv ?
D®-bq-Wn-\n-S-bn¬ Znhm-I-tc-´s‚ t^m¨ h∂p, ""tlmÃ-ep-
Sa Hcp hoSv icn-bm-°n-bn-´p≠v''. sshIp-t∂cw Ir]-bn-se-
Øn-b-t∏m-tg°pw km[-\-߃ Ib-‰nb sSwt]m Rß-tfbpw
ImØv InS-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ir]-tbmSpw tIc-f-h¿Ω-
tbmSpw Hcn- ° ¬IqSn hnS- s Nm√n bm{X- b m- I p- t ºmƒ
Znhm-I-tc-´-t\m-sS¥p ]d-b-W-sa∂v R߃°m¿°p-a-dn-bn-√m-
bn-cp-∂p. ]Xnsb \oßn-Øp-S-ßnb h≠n-bn-te°v t\m°n
ssIho-in-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Znhm-It- c-´s\ C∂pw R߃ Hm¿Ωn-
°p-∂p.
BABURAJ P.R, BITTO JOHN JOB, RAKESH R.
S5 CE
 Hcp t\m°v.....
SARITHA P. S. ""C∂v _ v In´ptam...... Ft¥m??'' ]Xn-hp-t]mse Ahƒ HmSn-sb-Øn. ""inhm,
S5 CS t]mtbm... tN®o?....'', ASpØv \n¬°p∂ tN®n-tbmSv Ahƒ tNmZn-®p. ""t]mbn-´n-√.....'',
""`mKyw......'', ""Ft¥? tamsf...... ASpØ _ n¬ t]mbm¬ t]mtc??....'' AXns‚ sXm´p-
]p-d-In¬ Xs∂ thsdbpw _ p-I-fp-≠v. ""AXv.... t\cw sshIpw tN®o......'' Ahƒ ]d™p.
_ v h∂p. ]Xn-hnepw Xnc-°p-≠v. kvIqƒ PwKvj≥ Ign-™m¬ Xnc°v Ip-dbpw. \nd®v kvIqƒ Ip´n-I-fm-Wv. AXv
Ign-™m¬ Ccn-°mw. ""F∂mWv Cu..... _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ H∂v Ah-km-\n-°p-I....''
ASpØ tÃm∏n¬ _ v H∂v BSn-\n-∂p.... Ahƒ ]pd-tØ-°p-t\m-°n. B IS-bpsS apºn¬ C∂pw Abm-fp-≠v....
Bcm-W-bmƒ?? \√ apJ{io D≠v. ]o®v If¿ j¿´pw {_u¨ If¿ ]m‚pw C´p-\n¬°p-∂p. c≠p-˛-aq∂p Znh-k-ambn ChnsS
ImWp- ∂ p.... s]s´∂v Abmƒ t\m°n. Ah- c psS IÆp- I ƒ CS- ™ p.... Ahƒ s]s´∂v IÆp- I ƒ
Xncn-®p. At∏m-tgbv°pw Infn s_√-Sn-®p.... h≠n \oßn. H∂p t\m°n-bm-tem...?? Abmƒ Fs∂ t\m°p-∂pt≠m?? th≠
F¥n\m shdp-sX..... ÿe-߃ Hmtcm-∂mbn Ign-™p-t]m-bn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.....
Hm^o-kn¬ FØn-b-t∏mƒ Ahƒ°v Ft¥m Hcp kt¥mjw tXm∂n. F¥n-\m-W-bmƒ t\m°n-bXv?? Fs∂-bmtWm??
Bhn√.... Ahƒ Ah-fpsS tPmen-bn¬ {i≤n-®p....
]nt‰∂v B _ n¬ Xs∂ Ahƒ Ibdn. AXm..... Ahn-sS-bp-≠v. Ahsf Xs∂-bmWv t\m°p-∂-Xv. Ahfpw
t\m°n. Adn-bmsX Xs∂ Ahƒ H∂p aµ-l-kn-®p, Abmƒ Xncn-®pw.... Cuiz-cm... Bcm-W-bmƒ?? _ v H∂v A\-ßn. hnS
]dbpw t]mse Abmƒ Xe-b-\-°n. Xncn®v Ah-fpw.....
Znh-k-߃ IS-∂p-t]m-bn... Abmƒ F∂pw AhnsS Nncn-®p-sIm≠v \n¬∏p-≠m-hpw.
]Xn-hp-t]mse A∂pw Ahƒ B tÃm∏v FØm≥ ImØn-cp-∂p. i\nbpw Rmbdpw I≠n-√. C∂v Xn¶ƒ, Cs∂-
¶nepw ImWWw...... ]s£ AhnsS Abmƒ C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒ AhnsS apg-ph≥ t\m°n... I≠n√!!!, C∂v _ v t\c-sØ-
bmtWm??? _ v A\-ßn... C√.. ImWm-\n-√.... _ v \oßn-Øp-S-ßn... Ahƒ t\m°n-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p....
XpS-cpw...

BALANCING CREATION
Compiled by
DILIP RAMAKRISHNAN
God was in the process of creating the universe and S5 CE
he was explaining to his subordinates-
“Look, every thing should be in balance. For every ten deers there should be a lion. Look here, my fellow angels,
here is the country of United States, I have blessed them with prosperity and money. But at the same time I have
given them insecurity and tension. And here is Africa, I have given them beautiful nature. But at the same time I
have given them climatic extremes. And here is South America, I have given them lots of forest. But at the same
time I have given them lesser land so that they would have to cut off the forests..... so you see fellows everything
should be in balance”.
One of the angels asked, “God, what is this beautiful country here?” God said ''Ahah, that is the crown piece of
all, India. My most precious creation, they have understanding and friendly people. Sparkling streams, serene
mountains. A culture which speaks of the great tradition that they live. Technologically brilliant and with a heart of
gold''.
The angel was quite surprised. “But God, you said everything should be in balance”.
God replied, ''Look at the neighbours I gave them!!''
?
141
 a™ps]-øp∂ B cm{Xn shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ kqcys‚
BZy-In-cWØgp-I-te‰v Ahƒ Fgp-t∂-‰p. Ahƒ aoc. AUz.-
ao-c... cm{Xn apgp-h≥ hmZn-°m-\p≈ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏p-Iƒ°v CS-
bn¬ GtXm bma-Øn¬ Ahƒ Adn-bmsX Dd-°-Øn-te°v
hgpXn hoWp.- ]t£ At∏mgpw Ah-fpsS a\ v Dd-ßn-bn-
√. Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ImcWw \msf Ah-fpsS
Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xmfw- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p∂ B tIkns‚ hmZw SANGEETHA K.
XpS-ßp-I-bm-Wv. S1S2 CS

]mh-am-bn-cp∂p kn≤m¿∞v. Pohn-X-kw-L¿j-߃°n-

S-bn¬ Ahƒ°v km¥z-\-am-bn-cp∂p Abmƒ.
Ime-Øn-s‚- I-Æp-Iƒ Ahsf t\m°n K¿÷n-®-t∏mƒ
Ahƒ°v \jvS-s∏-´Xv Pohn-X-Øn-s‚- k-t¥m-j-ß-fpsS ]gp-
Xp-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p. A—\pw AΩbv°pw aoc GI-a-I-fm-bn-cp-
∂p. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS kz]v\-km-^-ey-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-fpsS
hnhm- l w. GI- a - I - f psS hnhmlw
Ah¿ B¿`m- S - a mbn Xs∂ \S- Ø n.
]t£ Ah-fpsS B bm{X Hcp henb
Zpc- ¥ - Ø n- t e- ° m- b n- c p∂p F∂v
Ah¿°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p. B bm{X-bv°n-
S- b n¬ Ahƒs°√mw \jv S - s ∏- ´ p.
`¿Øm-hn-s\, At±-l-Øns‚ amXm-]n-
Xm-°-sf, Aßs\ ]e-tcbpw. Cu Zpc-
¥-Øns‚ \Sp-°-Øn¬ Ahƒ°v Ah-
sImgn™ ]pjv]w
fpsS A—-s\bpw AΩsbbpw \jvS-
s∏-´p. Cuiz-cs‚ `n£-bmbn Ah-fpsS apºn¬ Ahƒ AI-s∏-´p. ac-WsØ apJm-apJw Z¿in® \nan-j-߃.
Poh≥ am{Xw _m°n-bm-bn. Hcp tZh-Zq-X-s\-t]mse At∏mƒ AhnsS FØnb kn≤m¿∞v Ahsf
]t£ hn[n-bpsS {IqcX CXp- c£n-®p. ]t£ AXn-\p-th≠n Abmƒ \¬tI≠n h∂ hne Abm-
sIm≠pw Ah-km\n®n√. A∂v Ahƒ fpsS PohnXw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ°v AXn-\mbn Hcp sIme-]m-
BZy-ambn Abmsf I≠p, kn≤m¿∞n- XIw Xs∂ sNtø≠n h∂p. sNbvX sX‰p-Iƒ°p {]mb-›n-Ø-sa-∂-
s\. Pohn-X-km-l-N-cy-߃ sIm≠v Hcp hÆw Abm-fXv kt¥m-j-]q¿∆w sNbvXp.
]‰w ZpjvS-a-\p-jy-cpsS CS-bn¬ AI- ]t£ Cu kwL¿j-߃°n-S-bn¬ Adn-bmsX Ahƒ Abmsf
s∏- ´ - h - \ m- b n- c p∂p kn≤m¿∞v . Ah- {]W-bn®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. timIm¿{Z-amb Ah-fpsS B GIm-¥-Po-
fpsS `¿Øm-hn-t‚bpw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp- hn-X-Øn¬ Hcp km¥z\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p Abm-fpsS kmao-]yw. B
tSbpw Imc-W-tl-Xphmb B A]-ISw XW¬ Ahƒ°v \jvS-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Cu tIkv Ahƒ°v Pbnt®
Hcp bmZr-›nI A]-I-S-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]‰q. ]t£ AXn- \ m- b p≈ IS- º - I ƒ XcWw sNøm≥ GI- b mb
AsXmcp Bkq- { XnX sIme- ] m- X - I - Ahƒ°v Ign-bptam? Hcp-]mSv {Iqc-X-Iƒ Im´nb hn[n Ah-tfmSv C\n-
ambn-cp-∂p. hnk-ΩX - \
- mbn Abmƒ°pw sb-¶nepw Aev]w IcpW ImWn-°ptam? kXyw Pbn-°Ww F∂ hn[n-
AXn\v Iq´v \n¬t°≠n h∂p. Hcp-]mSv \ymbw \S-∏n-em-°n-bm¬ Ahƒ°v GIm¥ Pohn-X-amIpw hn[n. Ahƒ
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-߃ tImS-Xn-bn¬ Ac- ImØn-cp-∂p....
tß-dn. Ah-km-\-hn-Pbw kXy-Øn-\m-
bn-cp-∂p. {]Xn-Iƒ in£n-°-s∏-´p. hn[nsb ]gn-°msX, hn[n tIƒ°m≥!!
Ah-fpsS Pohn-X-hn[n tIƒ°m≥!!
]t£ ]ns∂bpw {Iqc-hn-[n-Iƒ Hcp sImgn™ ]pjv]w t]mse
Ahsf ]n¥p-S-cp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. {]Xn- F√mw \jvS-s∏´ Ahƒ ImØn-cp-∂p.....
Im-c-Zm-ln-I-fm-bn-cp∂ B arK-ß-fpsS
?
142
 MUHAMMED ABDUL ASEES P.
_ ‘p-ho-´nse I√ym-W-cm-hm-bn-cp∂p C∂se. Hcp-°-߃°v
Iq´m-hm≥ sN∂-t∏mƒ Iq´p-Im¿°pw _‘p-°ƒ°pw Gen-bs\ I≠
IuXp-Iw. ""Hm... A^o-tkm..! \obn-t∏mgpw Pohn-®n-cn∏pt≠m..?'' Btcm
tNmZy-sa-dn-bp-∂p. c≠p h¿j-߃°v tij-amWv Cßn-s\-sbmcp IqSn-
t®-c¬. AXns‚ apgp-h≥ CjvS-t°-Sp-I-fp-ap≠v F√m-h-cp-sSbpw apJ-
Øv... icn°pw H‰-s∏-´-t]m-se... sdt°m-Uv, em_v, bqWn‰v sSÃv, Ct‚-
W¬, CXn-s\-√m-an-S-bn¬ kz¥w ho´n¬t]mepw A\y-\mbn amdnb Hcp
F©n-\o-bd - nßv hnZym¿∞n-bpsS ZpxJ߃ Ch¿°v Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Bh-
W-sa-∂n-√.
c≠v sIm√-tØm-f-ambn Pohn-X-Øn\v h√mØ bm{¥n-I-X-bm-Wv.
cmhnse Ggv aWn°v _ nse Xnc--°n¬ IpØn-∏n-Sn®v H∂-c-a-Wn-°q-
tdmfw bm{X-sNbvXv tImtf-Pn-se-Øm-\p≈ _≤-∏m-Sn-\n-S-bn¬ t{_°v-
^mÃv Ign-°m≥ t\c-ap-≠m-hm-dn-√. F∂-tØbpwt]mse t{_°v^mÃv
Ign-°msX bm{X-]-d-bp-tºmƒ ]cn-`hw Ie¿∂ DΩ-bpsS apJ-Øn\v
Bizm-k-am-hm≥ th≠n-am{Xw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. ""Im‚o-\n¬ \n∂v `£Ww
Ignt® ¢mkn¬ Ib-dq''.. F∂pw DΩsb \pW ]d™p ]‰n-°p-∂-Xn¬
Ip‰-t_m-[-ap-≠v. ]mhw DΩ, ho´nse Xnc-°p-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ggv aWn°v
apºv t{_°v^mÃv Hcp-°m≥ Ign-bm-dn-√... ]t£, Un∏m¿´vsa‚n¬
kq£n® XSn-b≥ A‰≥‚≥kv _p°n¬ FÆw Ipd-™p-t]m-bm¬ Ct‚-
W¬ am¿°v Ipd-bp-sa∂ `b-w F√m-h¿°pap≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
t{_°v^mÃv ]e¿°pw Ah-[n-Zn-h-k-ß-fnse Ae-¶m-c-am-Wv.
cmhnse 8.45\v sshZy-im-e-bn¬ _ n-dßn tImtf-Pn-te°v \S-
°p-tºmƒ Ip´n-Iƒ hcp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-t∂-bp-≈q. ¢mkn\v apºnse CS-
\m-gn-bn¬ \u^epw sPeo-\bpw XΩn¬ Kuc-h-am-sbt¥m kwkm-cn-
°p-bm-Wv. Fs∂ I≠-t∏mƒ s]s´∂v sPeo\ bm{X ]d-™p-t]m-bn.
ASp-sØ-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Ahs‚ apJ-Øn\v ]gb {]k-cn-∏n-√. c≠p aq∂p
Znh-k-ambn \u^¬ sPeo-\-tbmSv Imcy-am-sbt¥m kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.
Imcyw Xnc-°n-b-t∏mƒ Ah≥ ]d™p XpS-ßn.. ""Ahƒs°s∂ a\-
 n-em-hp-∂n-√.. C{X-sbms° ASp-Øn-´pw..'' Ahs‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ hnjm-
Z-Øns‚ \\-hv... Ah-\n{X sk‚n-sa‚-embn Rm≥ I≠n-´n-√. Ah\v
th≠n sPeo-\-bp-ambn Rm≥ kwkm-cn-°m-sa-t∂-‰p. e©vt{_-°n¬
ssII- g pIn Iq´p- I m- c n- I - f p- a mbn \S- ∂ p- t ]mb Ahsf Rm≥
]n∂n¬\n∂pw hnfn-®p. tNmZy-`m-h-Øn¬ ASp-Øp-h∂ Ah-tfmSv \u^-
ens\ Nq≠n Hcp apJ-h-c-bp-an-√msX Rm≥ kwkm-cn®v XpS-ßn. ""Ah\v..
Ip´nsb `b¶c CjvS-am-Wv..'' ""AXn-\p≈ adp-]Sn Rm≥ \u^-en-t\mSv
]d-™t√m...? ""]t£ Ah-\Xv a\- n-em-hp-∂n-√.. A{Xbv°pw CjvS-
am-Wv..'' ""CXv hey IjvSm-b-t√m... As√-¶nepw B¶p´osf hniz-kn-
S3 AE
°m≥ sIm≈q-e.. kulr-Z-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ CØcw
NXn-°p-gn-Iƒ Hfn-∏n-°p-∂h - c
- mWv ]ecpw. ASp-Øn-
S-]gInbXv sX‰n-≤-cn-°-cpXv F∂v ]d-bWw Iq´p-
Im-c-t\m-Sv..'' hm°pIƒ°v h√mØ IWn-i-X. ]Iz-
X.. k¶Swap‰nb \u^-ens‚ apJ-tØ-°-h-ƒ
t\m°n-bn-√. F¥mWv c≠pt-]-tcmSpw ]d-tb-≠-
sX∂v F\n-°-dn-bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ipd®v t\csØ
\ni-_vZ-X-bvs°m-Sp-hn¬ Ahƒ ho≠pw ]d-™p-
Xp-S-ßn.. ""F‚-—≥ Kƒ^o∂v Iym≥k-embn h∂-
XmWv... A∂v Iº-\n-bnse kºm-Zy-Øn¬ \n∂v
an®-ap-≠m-°nb \mev e£-tØmfw cq] Kpcp-hm-
bqcv ImØ-enIv kndn-b≥ _m¶n¬ C≥shÃv
sNbv X n- c n- ° ym- W v . .. AXn¬\n∂v 40,000 cq]
C∂se ^ok-S-®p. AUvan-j\v Ac e£-tØmfw
cq] sNe-hm-bn. C\n- hcpwsImçfnse ^okv
bqWnt^mw, ]pkvXIw Fs‚ tImgvkv Ign-bp-
tºm-tg°pw h√Xpw _m°n-bp-≠mthm Ft¥m..?''
Ipd®v t\cw Ah-sft¥m Btem-Nn-®p. ""CXn-\n-S-
bn¬ A—s‚w AΩ-bpt-Sbpw IÆocv ImWmt\
CXv sIms≠ms° Ign-bq.. kvt\lhpw t{]a-hp-
sams° ]d™v `mhn \in-∏n-°m≥ F\n-°m-hn-
√..''
B¿{Z-amb hm°p-Iƒ Hgp-t°msS hen-s®-
dn™v Iq´p-Im-cnIƒs°m∏w bm{X-bm-hp-tºmƒ
Ah-sfm-∂pIqSn Rßsf Hm¿Ωs∏-Sp-Øn. ""πokv...
_n {]mIvSn-°¬..'' \u^-ens\ Biz-kn-∏n-°m≥
hm°p-I-fn-√m-Xm-bn-t∏m-bn. Im‚o-\n-te°v \S-°p-
tºmƒ hm°p-Iƒ izmkw ap´n-a-cn® R߃°n-S-
bnse \ni-_vZ-Xsb XtemSn Hcp Im‰v Rß-fpsS
Imº-kn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-bn.
Im‚o-\n¬ henb Xnc-°n-√. c≠v
s\bvt®mdpw Hcp Nn°≥ Idnbpw ]¶p-sh®v Ign-
°p-tºmƒ R߃ c≠p-t]cpw au\-Øns‚ XS-
h-d-bn-embncp∂p. lrZ-b-Øns‚ Bg-ß-fn-te°v
s]cp- a - g - t ]mse s]bv X n- d - ß nb sPeo- \ - b psS
hm°pIfmbncp∂p a\ p \ndsb....^okv....]pkvX-
I-߃.... ^ok-S-°m≥ C\n aq∂v Znhkw IqSn
_m°n-bp-≠v. Rm\n-Xp-hsc ^ok-S® - n-´n-√. C∂se
cm{Xn \o´n-b-Sn® t^m¨s_¬ tI´-t∏mtg Dd-
∏n-®n-cp∂p D∏-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v.... F√m sh≈n-bm-
gvNbpw B t\cØv D∏ hnfn-°m-dp-≠v. CS-bvs°-
t∏mtgm DΩ-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ ImXn¬ Xd-®p.
""c≠v Znhkw IqSntb D≈q..... Ahs‚
¢mkn¬ Ah- s \m- g nsI F√m- h cpw ^ok- S - ® -
t{X........ Fßn-s\-sb-¶n-epw....'' ]ns∂
Rms\m∂pw {i≤n-®n-√. DΩm°v D∏-bpsS \n -
143
lm-bm-hÿ Adn-bmw. A_p-Zm-_n-bnse sNdn-sbmcp tÃj-
\dn IS-bn¬\n∂v In´p∂ hcp-am-\-Øn¬ hen-sbmcp ]¶v
iºfw sImSp-°mt\ XnI-bq. Kƒ^nse BtKmfhXv°-
cWw aqew Iq‰≥ \ne-I-fp≈ kq∏¿am¿°-‰p-Iƒ Bcw-`n-®-
t∏mƒ D∏-bpsS Kƒ^v {]Xo-£-Iƒ AkvX-an®v XpS-ßn-bn-
cp-∂p. F¶nepw ho´n¬ A√-en-√msX Pohn-°m≥ F∂pw
B IS-bm-bn-cp∂p XpW.
am¿_nƒ hncn® ¢mkns‚ CS-\m-gn-I-fn¬ Bƒ°q-´-
߃ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. C∂-se-bmWv t\m´okv t_m¿Un¬
Placement s\ Ip-dn®v t\m´okv h∂-Xv. ¢mkn¬ a[p-km¿
Placement s\ Ip-dn®v Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn-®p. am¿°pw
A‰≥U≥kpw A®-S-°hpw Placement \v Hcp henb LS-
I-am-sW∂v a[p-km¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ dn°n ]ndp-
]n-dp-Øp. ""At∏m.. C\n Id°w Ipd-bv°Ww''. AsX, F√m-
hcpw Hcp-ßp-I-bm-Wv, ]pXn-sbmcp temI-Øn-\m-bn. tPmen-
sb∂ kz]v \ km£m- X v I m- c - Ø n- \ mbn \mtSm- S p- t ºmƒ
\Spth HmSp-hm≥ Xøm-sd-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wv.
Xncn®p ¢mkn-se-Øn-b-t∏mƒ ap∂nse s_©n\v Np‰pw
Ipd®v Ip´n-Iƒ Iq´wIqSn \n¬°p-∂p. BImw-£-tbmsS
FØn-t\m-°n-b-t∏mƒ Ah¿ "HmtPm t_mUv' Ifn-°p-bm-
Wv . \mW- b - X p- ´ p- I - f n¬ Bflm- h ns\ sIm≠p- h - c p- ∂ Xv
tlmìhmkn- I - f mb ARv P phpw kpanbpw. Aº- c ∏v
Ie¿∂ ItÆmsS Acp-Wns‚ tNmZyw. ""F‚-—≥ Pohn-®n-
cp-∏p-t≠m-sb∂v tNmZn-°v..'' kpan-bpsS ssIh-® tImbn≥
‘No’ Fs∂-gp-Xnb If-Øn¬. Acp-Wns‚ Aº-c∏v B›-cy-
Øn\v hgn-am-dn. ""F‚-—≥ F{X hb- nem acn-®Xv?'' ho≠pw
tNmZyw. tImbn≥ BZyw 5epw ]ns∂ 2epw. Acp-Wn\v hniz-
kn-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. ""52-˛mw hb- n¬ lm¿´-‰m-°m-bn-cp∂p
A—-\v..'' ¢mkn¬ I\Ø \ni-_vZX - . ""Ch¿s°√mw h´mWv''.
kpta-jm-Wv. ¢mknse _p≤n-Po-hn. Hgn-hp-k-a-bsØ√mw
Xs‚ _mKn¬ kq£n-°p∂ XSn-b≥ ]pkvX-I-߃ hmbn®v
¢mkn-en-cn-°m-dp-ff kpta-jns‚ A`n-{]m-b-߃ ¢mknse
Ah-km-\-hm-°m-hm-dp-≠v.
""F©n-\o-b-dnßn\v ]Tn-°p-∂-h¿ \mW-b-Øp-´p-I-fn¬
Bflm-hns\ hcp-Øp∂p!'' Ahs‚ i_vZ-aev]w Db¿∂n-cp-
∂p. A¥-co£w H∂-b-™-t∏mƒ sas√ F‚-Sp-Øn-cp∂v
Ah≥ ]d-™p-Xp-Sßn ""A^okv, Placement Dw Assignment
Dw attendance Dw sh®v A®-S-°-ap≈ Hcp kaq-lsØ
hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-I-bmWv km{am-PyXzw. AXns‚ Cc-I-fmWv
\Ω- s f- √ m- h - c pw. Ah¿ \ap°v Xcp∂ Db¿∂ iº- f w,
sImtfm-Wn-b-en-k-Øn\v hgn-s∏-Sm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmb \ap-
°p≈ {]Xn-^-e-am-Wv. \ΩpsS tNmc-bn¬\n∂pw
aÆn¬\n∂pw Ah-cq-‰n-sb-Sp-ØX - n¬ _m°n-h∂ ]n®-°miv''.
F\n-°-\y-amb GtXm `mj-bn-em-W-h≥ kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
""F\n°v a\- n-em-bn√''.
""A®-S-°-ap≈ Imº-knte A®S-°-ap≈ hnZym¿∞n-
I-fp-≠m-hqt{X. F{X hnVn-Ø-am-W-Xv. 70-tebpw 80-tebpw
\Ivkepw t_mw_p-sam-s°-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ tImgn-t°mSv REC
bn¬ \n∂mWv G‰hpw anSp-°-cmb F©n-\o-b¿am¿ D≠m-b-
Xv. A∂mWv REC IAS s‚ ]Wn-∏pc F∂-dn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂-Xv.''
H∂v \ndpØn Ah≥ ho≠pw XpS¿∂p, ""\Ω-sfm∂pw
H∂p-am-hn√, A^o-kv. A—-t‚bpw AΩ-bp-tSbpw B ]gb
144
Aaq¬ t__n-I-fn¬\n∂v tIm¿∏-td‰v ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS
hn\oXhnt[b-b-∑m-cmb ASn-a-I-fn-te-°p-ff Zqcw A{X hep-
X-√..''
C{Xbpw Iq´n-t®¿Øv ¢mkn¬ \n∂v Ah-\n-dß - n-t∏mbn.
""Sm, \ns‚ C° h∂n-´p≠v'' ]pdØv \n∂v \u^¬ hnfn-®p-
]-d-™p. Hm, C∂v Open House BWv, ad-∂p. Internal ¬
Hcp t]∏¿ tXm‰n-´p≠v. Fs¥m-s°-bm-Wmthm kmd-∑m-cpsS
hmZ-K-Xn-Iƒ.
`mKy-Øn\v H∂pw ]d-™n-√. dnt∏m¿´v t\m°n a[p-km¿
]d™p ""A^okv, S^v BsW-∂-dnbmw. F∂mepw Ipd®v
IqsS Cw{]qhv sNø-Ww. As√-¶n¬ Placement In´-Øn√.''
Hm Placement, Job Card, icn°pw `b-ambn XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v.
¢mkv t\c-sØ- hn-´-t∏mƒ t\sc temWn-te°v sN∂p.
\n[n\pw dnjm\pw _m_phpw, \u^-epw, dn°nbpw F√m-
hcpw IqSn-tN¿∂v h¿Ø-am\w ]d-bp-tºmƒ Rm≥ ]d-™p.
""F\n°v t]mWw''. ""\obn-cn°v F¥m{X s]s´∂v''? tNmZyw
dnjms‚ hI. ""C°m°v hnk In´n-bn-´p-≠v. C\n Ipd®v
Znhkw IqSntb D≈q C°msS IqsS''.
""\o `mKy-hm-\mWv, A^okv. Hcp-]mSv C°-amcv, s]ß-
amcv. Fs‚ ho´n-em-sW-¶n¬ Rm\pw A—\pw AΩbpw
am{Xw. kwkm-cn-°m≥Xs∂ t\c-ap-≠m-hm-dn-√. cm{Xn A—≥
Iºyq-´-dnepw AΩ Sn.-hn.-bnepw Xe-]qgvØn Ccn-∏m-hpw.
]h¿I´v \n¿Ø-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ G‰-hpw-Iq-Sp-X¬ thZ-\n®
tIc-fo-b≥ Rm\m-bn-cn-°pw. ImcWw ]h¿-I´ns‚ Ac-a-Wn-
°q¿ F\n-s°s‚ A—t\w AΩ-tbbpw kwkm-cn-°m≥
In´p-am-bn-cp∂p. Ct∏m AXp-an-√m-Xmbn''.
sNdnb Nncn-tbmsS dnjm≥ ]d-™p-\n¿Øn-b-t∏mƒ
Bcp-sam∂pw an≠n-bn-√. F{X `wKn-bm-bn-´mWv Ah≥ thZ-
\-I-sf-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-®-Xv.
temWn¬\n∂v Fgp-t∂‰v \S-°p-tºmƒ km_p Hm¿Ω-
s∏-SpØn ""Ct∏mgpw \n\°v Airtel to Airtel free Xs∂-bt√.
C∂v cm{Xn Hcp tIm¨^-d≥kv sNbvXp-X-c-Ww. kvanX-bpsS
\º-dn¬ Rm≥ cm{Xn miss call sNømw.'' Ahs‚ {]W-b-
Øn\v Airtel s‚ D]-lmcw.
kvIqƒ hn´ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ R߃°v apºn-eqsS
[rXn-bn¬ \S-∂p-t]m-bn. ""+2 Ign-™-t∏mƒ c£-s∏-s´-∂v
IcpXn. ]t£ \Ω- f n- t ∏mgpw kv ° qfn¬ Xs∂- b t√.
bqWnt^mapw, kvIqfn\pw tImtf-Pn-\p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp aXn¬
sI´n- √ m- Ø Xpw, AsX \Ω- f n- t ∏mgpw XS- h - d - b n- e mWv '',
\u^¬ F√m-h-tcm-Sp-ambn ]d-™p. ""AsX \Ω-sfmcp Pbn-
en-emWv. tImtf-sP∂ Pbn-en¬ kne-_-sk∂ aXn¬sI-´n-
\p-≈n¬ \mev h¿jw ITn-\-X-Shv hn[n-°-s∏´ ]tcmƒt]m-
e-pan-√mØ Pbn¬]p-≈n-Iƒ'' kptajv ]d-™p-Xp-Sßn.
""As√-¶n¬ \mev h¿jw c£n-Xm-°ƒ C≥shÃv sNbvX
e£-߃ Xncn®v ]nSn-°m-\p≈ D]-I-cWw. C≥sh-Ãvsa‚ v
]mgm-bn-t]m-h-cpXv. Campus Selection, Placement B.....
\ap°v Returns \v th≠n {]b-Xv\n-°mw''.
Rß-f-t∏mƒ "sshZy-ime'bnse-Øn-bn-cp∂p. Xnc-s°m-
gn™ _kn¬ ho´n-te°v bm{X-bm-hp-tºmƒ t\cw Ccp-´n-
Xp-S-ßnbncp-∂p.
?
 Ccp-´n¬ RANJITH PILLAI
S5 CE
\n∂pw
shfn-®-Ønte°v
tk
tkXp-e£van Np‰p-]mSpw ]c-Xn. Ah-fpsS apJw hen-™p-ap-dp-In. H∂pw
ImWm-\m-hmsX Ahƒ ]m{X-ßfpw a‰pw X´n-a-dn-®p. i_vZw tIƒ°m≥
AhnsS a‰mcpw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ahƒs°t¥m h√mØ `bw tXm∂n. Fs¥-
∂n-√mØ tZjy-hpw. Bcp-sS-sbm-s°tbm Im¬s]-cp-am‰w B \n»-_vZ-
Xsb `⁄n®p. Ahƒ apdn-bpsS Hcp tImWn-te°v HXp-ßn. `bw-sIm≠v
Ben-e-t]mse hnd-®p. Ah-fpsS Im¬ hnc¬ Bcp-tStbm kv]¿i\w Xncn-
®-dn-™p. Ahƒ F√mw ad∂v \ne-hn-fn-®p. ""AtΩ......'' Ahƒ IÆp-Iƒ
apdp°n AS-®p. F{X t\c-sa-∂-hƒ Hm¿Øn-√. Ccp´v Ib-dnb IÆn¬
shfn®w hoin-b-t]mse Id‚v h∂p. Ct∏mƒ Ahƒ°v F√mw ImWmw.
Imen¬ \n∂pw ]d-∂-I-ep∂ B ]m‰sb t]mepw. ?

TOP 9 ONE LINERS ARUN BABU

S5 AE

1. Why do they call it rush hour when nothing moves?

2. A bank is a place that will lend you money if you can prove that you don’t need it.
3. Men with pierced ears are better prepared for marriage, they have experienced pain
and bought jewellery.
4. Money won’t buy friends, but you get a better class of enemies.
5. It’s so simple to be wise. Just think of something stupid to say and then don’t say it.
6. Women don’t want to hear what you think, they want to hear what they think, in a
deeper voice.
7. If your parents never had children, chances are you won’t either.
8. If modern banks are open 365 days a year, 24 hours a day and 7 days a week, why do
the doors have locks on them ?
9. A guy knows he’s in love when he loses interest in his bike for a couple of days.

?
145
 Branches: TRIVANDRUM: Prathiba, Mettukada,
amicus 37/2711, R. V. Buildings, Desabhimani jn, Kaloor,
Thycaud, Trivandrum. Ph :2335405.
CALICUT: Gandhi Road, Nadakkavu,
Communications Cochin - 682 017. Ph : 2347563, 2337827, 2337516 Calicut. Ph :2365957
Authorised Regional Distributors in Kerala for: Samsung Laser Multifunction
Printers, Panasonic Fax machines, Telephone Systems and LCD projectors,
148 Matrix FCT Routers and telephone systems, Krone structured cabling components,
ace networking products, Dintek networking and cabling components
With best compliments of:

Vi Microsystems Pvt. Ltd

Plot No. 75, Electronics Estate, Perungudi, Chennai - 600 096. Phone :044 - 24961842 / 852
Regional Office : 33/650, Orunilam Paramba, Paroppadi, Marikkunnu (P. O.) , CALICUT - 12 Ph - 0495 2376578. Cell -9847202158, 9847824779
COCHIN: No. 2, Muttuthottil Loeldge-Bye pass, ALUVA: Cell : 9847824779
We offer more than 500 products in tha following fildes
? 8/16/32 bit Microprocessor 8/16 Bit Microcontroller Trainer Kits.
? More than 50 Experiments Boards For the Microprocessor / Microcontroller Trainer Kits / PLC Trainers.
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We Undertake
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? Industrial Electronicstrainers / Personal Computer Trainer System. STUDENTS PROJECTS
? Computer based Process Control Trainers. Instrumentation Tutor Boards in the above Areas
? PC Based Data Acquisition cards / OFT - LAN Trainers.

With best compliments of:

Authorised Dealers of:

KIRLOSKAR TEXMO
Pumps & Motors Submersibles

MEKKATTUKULAM AGENCIES
Wadakkanchery Road, Kunnamkulam - 680 503
Phone : 95488 - 5223813, 5222105

With Best Compliments of

Phone : 0474 - 2798851
: 0474 - 3092883
Mob :9447032577

LEADERS
ANY BOOK FROM
ANYWHERE BOOK DISTRIBUTORS
T. R. A. No. 193, Near Milma Dairy
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Book Sellers & LibraRy Suppliers

With Best Compliments of

Books From All Over The World
For ENGINEERING BOOKS, TEXTBOOKS, REFERENCE BOOKS,
GUIDES, CHILDRENS BOOKS

COSMOBOOKS
H.O. : Round West Thrissur - 680 001. Phone : 2335292, 2335570. Fax : 0487 - 2335642
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Branches :
Al-Ameen Buliding, Rly. Stn. Link Road, Press Club Road, 149
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With Best compliments of
Phone :0485 2831114
: 2836503
Res : 0485 - 2252719

INTEGRATED INSTRUMENTS & SERVICES

XIX - 427, First Floor, Asha. G. Building, Kavumpady Road,
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Suppliers of: LABORATORY INSTRUMENTS SUCH AS SOIL, CONCRETE, CEMENT, BITUMIN,

ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL TESTING INSTRUMENTS

With Best compliments of

SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISES
P. B.No. 27, Tripunithura.
Tel : 2777055, 2776582, 2783850. Fax : 0484- 2780894. Mob : 9847035894
Authorised Dealers For
6. Photophone - LCD & Overhead Projectors
1. Labline - Low Temperature Cabinets (-70),-(40)&(-20). B. O. D. Incubators, 7. Laboratory Funrniture Like Island Tables, Storage Cupboards
Rotary Shakers, Laminar Flow Chambers, Fume Hoods, Environmental 8. Glass Black Boards, White Boards, Info Panels
Chambers, Seed Germinators Oven Etc. 9. Electronics Equipments Like CRO, Function Generator Etc From
2. Analytical Instruments Like Spectrophotomets, Flame Photomets, Ph meters, Scientech Technologies
Polarographs, Calorimeters, Refractrometers, Oxygen Meters, Fluorimeters 10. Digital Trainers/Microprocessor Trainer Kits/Power Supplies of Scientific
Etc From E&I Instruments/Eutech/Merck/Shimadzu Tech Service
3. Electronic Balances From Citizen/Aqualab 11. Analogue and Digital Multimeter of Meco
4. Microscopes From Carl Zeiss/Olympus 12. Insect Collection Boxes
5. Biotechnology Instruments From Bangalore Genei/Eppendorff 13. Eppendorf & Greiners Laboratory Disposable Wares

REMEMBER...

“ Knowledge is a burden,
If it robs you of innocence.
Knowledge is a burden,
If it makes you feel you are special.
Knowledge is a burden,
If it gives you an idea that you are wise.
Knowledge is a burden
If it is not integrated into life.
Knowledge is a burden,
If it does not bring you joy.
Knowledge is a burden,
If it does not set you free.''
With Best Compliments of M/S. ENGINEERING EQUIPMENT ENTERPRISES
1373, Sathy Road, Ganapathy, Coimbatore - 641 006. Phone : 0422 - 2531006 (Off). Tele fax : 0422 - 2531840, Res. Ph : 0422 - 2531127,
Mob No. 098430-53184, 0422 - 9363109693. E-Mail : triplee@md3.vsnl.net.in, triplee@imap.satyam.net.in
Branch Works/Office: M/S. Engg Eqpt Enterprises, 196-C. Nayay Khand - II,
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Manufacturers : Mechanical Laboratory Equipment
Y Fluid Machinery Laboratory Equipment Y Thermal Laboratory Equipment (Heat Engine Lab)
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Post Office Road, Kottayam - 1.

Phone : 0481- 2568937, email Saradhipd@yahoo. com
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For Engineering and other Educational Books

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With best compliments of:

INDO QUARTZ
34/1658 (C), H.No.7, Chandrathil Road, Nr. State Bank of Travancore, Edapally, Kochi-682 024
Dealers : Survey Instruments-Levels, Theodolites, Totalstation, GPS etc.
: Geo Technical Instruments

hb
est of:
Wit ments
ELMACTICS 33/ 153 L, 1st Floor, S.N.D.P. Shopping Complex,
Alinchuvadu, Edappally P. O., Cochin - 24
pli
com Phone : 0484 - 2807068, 0484 - 5534523.
ENTERPRISES Fax : 0484 - 2807068. e-mail : elmatics@gmail.com

Engineering Lab Equipment Suppliers & Lab Setters & FUTURE TECH
Advanced Training In PLC, DCS, SCADA, Embedded Systems etc, Coaching for Engineering Lab Practicals
compliments

PHILTECH LIBRARY SERVICES Phone : 0481 - 2457800 (O)

With best

2457030 (R)
of:

Library Requisites Suppliers

Pulickalkavala P. O., K. K. Road - 14th Mile, Kottayam - 686 515
ONE AND THE ONLY NAME IN THE FIELD OF LIBRARY MATERIALS