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The Philippines’ national security according to National Security Council (NSC) is “a state
or condition where our most cherished values and beliefs, our democratic way of life, our
institutions of governance and our unity, welfare and well-being as a nation and people are
permanently protected and continuously enhanced” (Banloi, 2010). The National Intellige nc e
Coordinating Agency (NICA) defines national security as “the state or condition wherein the
people’s way of life and being are protected and/or advanced”. It is the primary concern of the
state to ensure the welfare and well-being of every Filipino.
The NSC’s function is to advise the President with respect to the integration of domestic,
foreign and military policies relating to national security. The NSC also serves as the President’s
principal arm for coordinating these policies among various government departments and agencies
in matters involving national security.
Internal Threats
1. The main internal threat arises from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), Abu
Sayaf Group (ASG) which, in open rebellion against the government, has the avowed
objective of establishing an independent Islamic state in the Southern Philippines.
2. The Communist Part of the Philippines/New People Army/ National Democratic
Front (CCP/NPA/NDF) continue to pose a serious threat to national security, although
presently weakened in comparison with their peak strength in the last two decades.
3. Organized crime is a national security concern. The challenge of illegal drugs, in
particular, has grown into major threat to the national community.
4. Grave incidence of poverty is also a serious threat to national security which breeds and
abets rebellion, crime, and dissidence. Poverty incidence affects about one-third of
Filipino families nationwide.
5. Economic sabotage undermines the market economy, the financial system, and the
nation’s resources.
6. Graft and corruption has become another threat to our national security by virtue of the
huge scale by which it saps public resources, undermines the morale of the civil service
and affects the delivery of quality basic services.
7. Severe calamities cause serious food shortages and hoarding and profiteering resulting in
hunger, disease and deprivation.
8. Persistent environment degradation poses a long-term security threat.
External Threats
1. The multilateral dispute over Spratly Islands and other islands in the West Philippine
Seais a source of intermittent tensions, owing to the building of structures, believed to be
military-oriented by some claimant countries in the area.
2. The smuggling of firearms and contraband, illegal migration, and the occasional
movement of foreign terrorists through the porous borders of our southwestern frontier
have elicited transnational concern.
3. The serious economic disparity between rich and the poor nations keeps the world in a
state of instability and virtually on the brink of war in many places.
4. Ethnics, religious and cultural conflicts pervade many regions and nations, including in
the country.
5. The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is a threat to global security.
Nuclear materials and technologies are more accessible now than before.
6. Transnational organized crime has proliferated in the era of globalization.
7. Natural disaster and environment issues will continue to pervade the global security
agenda.
8. Cybernetic crime is a growing global threat, as experienced with computer viruses such
as Melissa and Chernobyl, which have attacked isolated or networked information
systems through the internet or through software carriers and devices.
The following are types of security threats that could be minimized by having good
citizenship values and commitment to support and act on issues related to national security
concern.
The concept of national security has eventually changed overtime. No longer does it
exclusively refer to the traditional notions of internal and external defense but to the economic
development and social well – beingfor progress and nation building.
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