One of the hardest tasks faced by competitive chess players is

the development of an opening repertoire suited to their own

style of play. As in their companion volume An Opening
Repertoire for the Attacking Player (also translated by Ken
Neat), the authors provide a refined and thoroughly up-to-date
opening program, this time selecting variations of a more
positional nature.

e Practical repertoire based on 1 e4 as White and the Classical

Sicilian and King's Indian Defences as Black

e Concentrates on solid and reliable lines of play

e Provides an easy-to-learn explanation of the typical plans and

ideas

Eduard Gufeld is one of the most popular and widely travelled

grandmasters, and is known throughout the world as a coach,
opening theoretician, journalist and author.

Nikolai Kalinichenko, author of more than 30 chess books, holds

the International Master title in correspondence chess and
enjoys a growing reputation as a specialist in opening theory.
 :KE?#P"K1?:X
H 9 ø %ø Bø ø ø t 9 qL < ø HLø 9ø ßø "t%ø $ø L ø aø
present ; iø Bø $ø ø $*ø ø ø L 9 < ø ø $ø L ø <ø ø
aimed at helping readers to solve the problem of d <t%9 ø H ø + % lø
We offer a universal program, suitable both for novices, tø $ ø H % ø $ø
+ø L dø
Øømost 9 HP ø problem for a H %ø B B ø $ ø L H 9 9s ø <LL ø Bø
+ø t s ø $ø ø opening H/ß qø a& B ø9 øa ø L H 9Ltø tø
laborious H L Dø through * h cø *0ø * ¥ ø proceed together with the readers.
An opening H ø t H ›t ø ø %ø $ L Dø ; ø ø which are
the style of a player B L L ø ø positional), ø L+LDø 9 ø 9i9 ø $ ø dø
or ø type $øH d Dø tø ˙ %ø + dø < ø H 9 9 Dø t ø ø ’ ø
a 9 ø; iø s ø ø H ø Hß9 ø $ ø H % ø 6 Bø ø H B ø % Dø
tDø L H ø 69 ø " ø L H Bø s " ø (
(q ¢ Hø ø # 9 t ø $ø L ø wø ø kø ‘%ø $ø
H B ø Wø B< &ø%ø s ø ø L %ø B# ø ø kø &ø
volume, which 9øs%ø <$<ø $ ø ø ø H ø $ø s * qø¥ ø
refined here B d+ø ø ;ø $ ø ø L Dø ø ø % ø $ø t$ L ø L ø
$ ø > Liø s ø ø B køø$ø ; %ªø
r ø " ø Jø *ø L ø &ø & % øB B < ø ;"ø B\k ø · B ø
?ø &ø |L L&ø «ßDø 6&BL øs ø W Bø ø B \ ø ;<ø " ø s \Dø
*< ø *ø kø HH ø %ø B"ø L< L Lø
Ø ø the | L 9ø $ Lø ø Ø H ø /ø øLCøø 9 øL ø 9ø
;L ø ø$ 9t ; ø *Hø $ ø W B ’ øØ\ ø ø ; Lkø $Lø 6ø
recommend kßø a—Lø 99ø Cø{ Dø 6k L ø $ø I%ø % ø 6ø
<LL $ < % ø H %tø ;%ør %ø Hs’ø lø ø ]ø ? L Dø
> Liø ø ß ø H ; ø (%øø <Hø ø ø ; ø" tø ø øs %ø B ø sø
(for example, the && ø t t ø ¥L+ø « ? t] Hs.pø CøJ ø tø ø ß ’ø
Quieter, but ø less t <dø s ø $ø > LiDøø L t tø
¯ m ¯ › dø ø Pirc-Ufimtsev Defence GCø J L . ø›tø +ø Ø ßi 9› ø a$ L ø B ø
/ % si a, ‰.ƒø
A 3 i› st l I ø dø > L[ø * ø recommend ø ø t ø ø ø <” ø
’’ , …’ t e Sozin ØLiDø s › ø*9Lø > Liø ø L < H %Dø ;< ø ø ø
($, , &, bo t =Cbehind him, and where 9t sø/ø easy for White to gain ø
•Łqq ( Ł’
fØ’ F·’ !%’, , , we suggest the King's : t 9 ›ø Defence +ø
o¶¥Gpq'’ n¤⁄’ ƒ’ ?rŒ’ l h a fl ¯o 4CGarry Kasparov, as * øø ø $ øø
 7@<9#F"@/97L 7

authors of this book, which has served him faithfully for many a decade. Not
without reason is Black's powerful piece at g7 called the 'Gufeld bishop'.
It should be mentioned that this book includes the most up-to-date chess
material (including important games from the first half of 1997), which
often clarifies or refutes existing evaluations. Therefore this work will be
useful not only to a wide range of chess enthusiasts taking their first steps in
studying theory, but also to experienced players, who after studying the
book will be able to look anew at many well-known positions.
The authors are convinced that the given work will help you to solve the
complicated task of developing +C opening repertoire, including the most
important thing - the problem of the black pieces! After all, a competent
repertoire will enable you to raise significantly your standard of play and @C
improve your tournament results.
We are sure that this book will be exceptionally useful to all wishing to
improve their mastery of chess.

Eduard Gufeld
Nikolai Kalinichenko
October 1997
_’ ( = 5

Publisher's Note

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PART 1: WHITE REPERTOIRE

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 Sicilian Defence 10 1

20 . . . lbe5 ! , while after 20 0--().....0 Game 8 (p.95)

lbe5 2 1 �b 1 lbc4 followed by Topalov-Kramnik
. . . a5-a4 and . . . '..aS White's Belgrade 1 995
position is unenviable. Therefore he
provokes a crisis by attacking the e7 1 e4 c5
pawn. 2 lbtJ lbc6
20 l:tc4! 3 d4 cxd4
21 !IL.xe7 ...xe 7! 4 lbxd4 lbf6
An excel lent reply, fully in the 5 lbc3 d6
style of Stein. 6 i.c4
22 lbxe7 l:Z.xd4 It is easy to forecast the Sozin
23 •xd4 Attack when Topalov is playing
If White defends with 23 ...g5, Kramnik.
then 23 . . . l:.xe4+ 24 �fl i.f6 ! 25 6 ...b6
llfxa5 �xe7 and his king comes This variation is Kramnik's patent
under a very strong attack. weapon against the Sozin Attack.
No better is 23 ,..e 2 cj;xe7 24 0-0 7 lbdb5
lbe5 with similar consequences. An interesting theoretical duel
Therefore Damjanovic prefers to developed between the same players
return his queen, if only to go into in the Novgorod Super-Tournament
an endgame. ( 1 997): 7 lbxc6 bxc6 8 0-0 g6 (this
23 i.xd4 move used to be considered
24 lbd5 lba insufficient for equality) 9 e5 ! ? dxe5
25 :n lbxe4 1 0 •e2 'ii'd4 1 1 i.e3 'i'd6 1 2 l:tad 1
26 0--6-0 ...c7 (with this subtle queen man­
The white king is finally safe, but oeuvre Black has hindered as far as
B lack already has a winning possible White ' s typical advance f2-
advantage. f4) 1 3 .f4 ! ? (nevertheless; White is
26 !IL.e5 prepared to give up the exchange)
27 l:tfe 1 f5 1 3 . . . !1L.g4 1 4 'i'f2 e4 ! (the most
28 ltd3 rj;(7 sensible decision; after 14 . . . !1L.xd 1
29 g4 lba 1 5 fxe5 ...xe5 1 6 !IL.d4 White has a
30 J:ltJ lbxh3 strong attack) 1 5 :de 1 !IL.f5= (White
31 lbb6 !IL.f4+ regains the e4 pawn with complete
32 <it>bl !IL.c6 equality).
At this point White overstepped 7 a6
the time limit. 8 •as
However, in any event his 9 lbe5
position was completely hopeless. 10 lbeg4
11 g6
1 02 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

Here if 1 1 . . .'ii'b 6 White replies 1 2 intending ltJc7+ favours White) 20

0--0 and then h2-h3 ( 1 2 . . . '.. xd4? 1 3 <itd2 exd5 2 1 l:afl tt:'lf6 ! 22 exd5+
�b5+). <itf8 23 �b4 ..tg4 ! 24 �xd6+ <itg8
12 tt:'lb3 with an unclear game (analysis by
White wishes nevertheless to play Kramnik).
f2-f4 and then drive back the knight 19 fj;e7
to h6 with h2-h3 . If 1 2 f4 there 20 hxg3 'ii'xg3+
follows 1 2 . . . e5 ! 1 3 tt:'lb3 'ifb6 1 4 21 <ifild1 tt:'ltl+
'ii'e 2 exf4 with counterplay. 22 �dl
12 'ii'b6 After 22 �c 1 ltJxh 1 23 ltJxa8
13 'tiel � g7 'ii'xf4+ 24 �d2 'ii'e 5 Black, with
14 f4 tt:'lb5!? three pawns for the piece, stands at
B lack plays splendidly. If 1 5 'iff3 least equal.
there follows 1 5 . . . tt:'lxh2 ! , while 1 5 22 tt:'lxb1
h3? is bad in view of 1 5 . . . ltJg3 . 23 tt:'lxa8 'ii'xf4+
15 tt:'ld5 24 'ii'e3 'ii'bl +
The alternative was 1 5 .ltd2 ! ? 25 'ii'el 'ti'f4+
�xc3 ! ? 1 6 bxc3 0--0 1 7 c4oo. 26 'ii'e3 'ii'bl +
15 'ii'd8 27 'ifel il.h6+!?
16 �dl After repeating moves to gain
The threat of 1 7 �aS looks deadly. time on the clock, Kramnik decides
to play on - a bold decision, since
the consequences of this step are
totally unclear.
28 <jj{cJ!
Too paisive is 28 <itd l 1i'gl+ 29
'ii'e 1 (29 �e 1 ? e5 ! ) 29 . . . 1i'g4+ 3 0
�e2 'ii'xe4+.
28 'ii'e5+
The alternative was the quiet
28 . . .'ii'xe2 29 �xe2 ltJg3 , when
Black's chances look better.
29 <itb4 tt:'lg3
30 'ii'e 1
16 e6! The e3 square has to be guarded -
1 7 il.a5 'ii'b4+ 3 0 'ifg2? �e3 ! intending . . . il.c5+.
18 g3 tt:'lxg3! 30 R.g7!
19 tt:'lc7+ Black has to play vigorously,
I f 19 hxg3 Black plays 1 9 . . . otherwise White himself will begin
'ii'xg11! (19 .'it'xh 1+? 20 �d2
. . an attack by <ifi'a3 , ltJb6-c4 and R.b4.
 Sicilian Defence 1 03

Therefore it is dangerous to play A very important interposition .

30 . . . 'ii'x b2? 3 1 .:tb I 'ii'e 5 32 ttlb6 34 �b4 �xd7
intending ttlc4oo. 35 ..tb6
Making way for the king. 3 5
ttlc5+ 'itc6 3 6 exd5+ 'ii'x d5 3 7 �e4
ttlxe4 3 8 'ii'xe4 .1Lf8 ! does not help.

31 ttlb6
White would have lost spectacu­
larly after 3 I �b6? 'ii'xb2 ! 3 2 'ifxg3
�c3+! 3 3 'it>c4 �d7 34 ttlc7 �d2 ! , 35 'ii'xb2?
but 3 I 1:.b I ! ? came into consider­ In time trouble Black overlooks a
ation, with reasonable chances of a pretty win. As shown by K.ramnik,
defence. he should have played 35 . . . ttlxe4 !
31 d5! 36 ..txe4 'ii'xb2 ! with, for example,
Complicating the position still the following fantastic finish: 3 7
further. .:tb i .:tc8 ! 3 8 ..tc5 (3 8 .:txb2 llc4+)
32 <ifr>a4? 3 8 . . . �c3+! 39 'ii'xc3 aS+!
It is hard to believe, but this 36 exd5 llc8!
active move (with the idea of 'ii'b4+ Weaker is 3 6 . . . exd5 3 7 ..txb5+!
or �b4+) is the decisive mistake. axb5 38 'ii'xg3oo.
White could have saved himself 37 dxe6+
by 32 exd5 'ii'd 6+ 33 <ifr>c4 ! 'ii' f4+ 34 At first sight White even appears
�c5 .1Ld7 (34 . . .'ifd6+ with a draw is to be winning . . .
also possible) 35 a4 ! �xb2 36 .:tb l 37 �e8!
�a3 + 3 7 �b4 'ii'd 6+ 3 8 <ifr>c4 with a If 3 7 . . . fxe6 3 8 �xb5+! axb5 39
very sharp game, but perhaps only a lld I + �e7 40 ti'xg3 with a counter­
computer is capable of such attack. Therefore the black king runs
' superhuman' play. away from a possible rook check at
32 ..td7+ dl.
33 ttlxd7 b5+! 38 ..tcS?
I 04 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

When he made this move, White the advantage, but whether it is

reckoned that it was time for Black enough to win is not clear.
to resign - exf7+ etc. is threatened. 38 J.c3+!
But he overlooked a couple of 39 'ii'xc3 aS+
fantastic checks. 38 J.xb5+ axb5 39 40 �b5 'ii'xc3
exf7+ �xf7 40 'ii'xg3 'ii'c3+ ! 4 1 White resigns
'ii'xc3 J.xc3+ 42 �xb5 J.xa 1 43 Since if 4 1 exf7+ �xf7 42 J.c4+
lbxa 1 h5 ! was essential - B lack has �e8 !
5 Ki ng's In d ia n Defe n ce :
Four Pawns Attack
1 d4 ltlf6 This is obvious. But equally obvious
2 c4 g6 are the drawbacks to such strategy.
3 ltlc3 .i.g7 The time spent allows B lack to
The King's Indian Defence, our develop quickly and, exploiting the
recommendation against I d4, is lack of piece support, strike blows at
played by World Champion Garry the centre.
Kasparov as well many other Experience has shown that
leading grandmasters, and for three Black' s attack on the centre is
decades has been the choice of one effective enough, and the Four
of the authors of this book, Eduard Pawns Attack is not often seen m
Gufeld. modern tournaments.
The success of the defence stems
from its flexible and universal
nature: against practically any move
order (apart from 1 e4) Black can
achieve his favourite positions, with
a broad range of possibilities for
counterplay over the entire board.
The different ways of countering
the King's Indian are given in
Chapters 8- 1 3 , and in Chapters 1 4
and 1 5 we cover the Torre and
Trompowsky Attacks.
4 e4 d6
5 f4 5 0--0
The history of the Four Pawns White faces a choice: 6 ltlt3 (8.1)
Attack dates from the game or 6 .i.el (8.2).
Englisch-Tarrasch, played in 1 885
in Hamburg. White's idea is very 8.1 (1 d4 ltlf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltlc3 .i.g7
aggressive and extremely simple: 4 e4 d6 5 f4 0--0)
'the opponent has conceded the
centre- let's occupy it'. 6 ltlt3 c5
White's all-powerful pawn centre The most logical continuation.
gives him a great spatial advantage. Black strikes a blow at the centre,
I 06 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

offering to exchange his c-pawn for We are following Heuer-Zilber

the central white d-pawn. At the (USSR 1 963) where after 1 5 . . .
same time he aims to extend the jld7 ! ? Black would have retained
scope of his fianchettoed J.g7. his pawn with a defensible position.
7 d5 The positions arising after 7 jle2
If7 dxc5 Black bases his counter­ are considered in section 8 .2.
play on pinning the l£lc3 - 7 . . . 'ii'a 5 It is clear that after 7 e5 l£lfd7
8 J.d3 (8 cxd6? is bad in view of White cannot maintain his centre.
8 . . . l£lxe4 when c3 cannot be defen­ 7 a6
ded; if 8 J.d2 'ii' xcS 9 b4 1i'b6 1 0
J.d3 J.g4 1 1 l:lb 1 l£lc6 1 2 h 3 J.xf3
1 3 'ii'xf3 eS 1 4 J.e3 'ii'd 8 1 S fS aS
16 bS l£lb4 with adequate counter­
play, Dorfman-Sznapik, Warsaw
1 983) 8 ... 'ii'xcS 9 'ii' e2 l£lc6 1 0 J.e3
•as (the alternative is 1 0 . . . �S) 1 1
0--0 l£ld7 ! ? (a typical manoeuvre in
this type of position - the knight is
played to cS where it attacks the
J.d3 , at the same time opening the
diagonal of the J.g7; also good is
l l . . .J.g4 1 2 l:lac l l£ld7 1 3 •n
J.xf3 1 4 gxf3 ltJcS 1 S J.b 1 l£la4 ! ? An interesting plan, demon­
and B lack's chances are not worse, strating the wealth of counterplay
Topalov-Kasparov, Linares 1 994) available to Black with the given
12 a3 jlxc3 1 3 bxc3 l£lc5 14 jlc2 pawn formation. 7 e6 also gives
••.

'ii'xc3 1 S fS . sufficient play, e.g . :

(a) 8 e S dxeS 9 fxeS l£lg4 1 0 jlgS
.b6=i=;
(b) 8 jle2 exdS 9 cxdS jlg4 - cf.
section 8 .2 1 , p. 1 08;
(c) 8 dxe6 fxe6 9 jld3 l£lc6 1 0
0-0 a6 1 1 �h 1 t2Jb4 1 2 jle2 b6 1 3
a3 l£lc6 1 4 jle3 l:la7 ! ? with a
complicated game in which Black's
chances are not worse (Petronic­
Nedev, Skopje 1 995).
8 jldJ
The attempt to halt B lack' s
queenside play b y 8 a4 is not very
 King 's Indian Defence: Four Pawns Attack 107

promising for White, especially as 10 bxc4

the inclusion of the moves a2-a4 and 11 .i.xc4 ltJb6
. . . a7-a6 favours B lack - the position
of the pawn at a4 merely weakens
White's queenside. After 8 . . . e6 9
dxe6 fxe6 ! ? 1 0 .i.d3 ltJh5 I I g3
ltJc6 1 2 0-0 .i.d7 1 3 ltJg5 .i.h6
B lack has good piece play (Ger­
stenberger-Gheorghiu, Biel 1 985).
If 8 e5 B lack creates strong pres­
sure on White ' s break-away central
pawns - 8 . . . dxe5 9 fx.e5 ltJg4 1 0
.i.f4 ltJd7 1 1 'ife2 'ifc7 ! (Kouatly­
Gheorghiu, Bagneux 1 983).
8 b5
9 e5 B lack does not experience the
After 9 cxb5 axb5 the capture slightest difficulty - on the contrary,
with the bishop leaves White in an it is White who has to make efforts
inferior position: 1 0 .i.xb5 ltJxe4 ! to equalise. Vaganian-Sznapik,
and of his centre only ruins remain. (Mexico 1 97 7) continued 1 2 b3
1 0 ltJxb5 sets more problems, but .i.g4 1 3 0-0 ltJ8d7 1 4 h3 .i.xf3 1 5
here too after 1 0 . . . e6 ! ? (Black aims .:xf3 dxe5 1 6 f5 e4 ! 1 7 'ifxe4 ltJf6+.
to open the position and to win the
battle for the centre thanks to the 8.2 (1 d4 ltJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 .i.g7
remoteness of the white knight) 1 1 4 e4 d6 5 f4 0--{))
dxe6 .i.xe6 1 2 ltJxd6! ? 'ifxd6 1 3 e5
'ife7 1 4 exf6 'ifxf6 Black has 6 .i.e2
excel lent play for the pawn - it is
not easy for White to preserve his
queenside from destruction.
After 9 0--{) bxc4 H> .i.xc4 ltJbd7
1 1 .i.d2 ltJb6 1 2 b3 ltJe8 1 3 'ife2
ltJxc4 1 4 bxc4 ltJc7 White again
does not achieve anything
(Andersen-Engels, Nauheim 1 93 5).
9 ltJfd7
10 'ii'e2
Wh ite should play 10 e6!? fxe6
1 1 ltJg5 , but after 1 1 . . . ltJf6 he can
stil l hardly claim any advantage.
1 08 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
This move order is directed
against the possibility in certain
variations of . . . i.g4, but often
things reduce to a transposition of
moves and the set-up with .te2 and
lbf3 is reached.
6 c5
Here too this is the usual move,
after which White has a choice - he
can block the centre by 7 d5 (8.2 1)
or maintain the tension with 7 lbt3
(8.22).
8.2 1 (1 d4 lDf6 2 c4 g6 3 lbcJ
.tg7 4 e4 d6 5 f4 0-0 6 i.e2 c5 )
7 d5 e6
An alternative is 7 b5!?, in the
..•
spirit of the Benko Gambit. But in
contrast to variation 8 . 1 , here
7 . . . a6?! is dubious in view of 8 e5 ! ,
when Black does not have . . . lbg4,
which is possible after 6 lbf3 .
8 lbt3
Little is achieved by removing the
central tension. After 8 dxe6 fxe6
(the simple 8 . . . i.xe6 is also
possible) 9 lbf3 (or 9 g4 lbc6 1 0 h4
lbd4 1 1 h5, Mariotti-Gligoric, Praia
da Rocha 1 969, and here l l . . . b5 ! ?
would have given Black sufficient
counterplay) 9 . . . lbc6 1 0 Q..-0 'ii e 7 1 1
eS dxe5 1 2 fxe5 lbg4 t]le e5 pawn
cannot be defended. This variation
occurred in the old game Zubarev­
Verlinsky (Moscow 1 925).
8 exd5
9 exd5
After 9 e5 the play favours B lack:
9 ltle4 ! 10 cxd5 (or 10 lbxd5
. . .
lbc6 ! , and it is only White who has
problems) 1 0 . . . lbxc3 1 1 bxc3 lbd7,
when the e-pawn is in danger:
(a) 1 2 0--0 dxe5 1 3 fxe5 ( 1 3 lbg5
h6 14 lbe4 f5+, Calvo-Diez del
Corral, Malaga 1 981) 13 . . . lbxe5 1 4
..te3 lbxf3+ 1 5 .txf3 'iid 6+ (Li
Zunian-Gheorghiu, Dubai 1 986);
(b) 12 e6 fxe6 13 dxe6 lbb6 1 4
0-0 .txe6 1 5 lbg5 .td5 ! and White
has insufficient compensation for
the pawn (Badzarani-Verdikhanov,
USSR 1 989).
9 cxd5 leads to a reasonable
version for Black of the Modem
Benoni: 9 . . . .tg4 (a sound reply -
sometimes it is useful to exchange
on f3) 1 0 0--0 (the central break is
not dangerous for Black: 1 0 e5 dxe5
1 1 fxe5 lbfd7 1 2 .tg5 'ilb6 1 3 0--0
.txf3 1 4 .txf3 lbxe5oo) I O . . . lbbd7,
and now:
(a) 1 1 lbd2 .txe2 1 2 'iix e2 :e8
1 3 "ii'f3 'iie 7 14 :e t lbb6 1 5 :e2
(Blokh-Plokhoj, corr. 1 987/90) 1 5 . . .
c4 ! with adequate play for B lack;
(b) 11 h3 i.xf3 12 .txf3 c4 ! ?
(gaining the c 5 square i s a typical
idea in this type of position) 1 3 i.e3
'i'a5 1 4 .td4 :res 1 5 b4? ! (Black is
not worse after 1 5 :e 1 lbc5 ) 1 5 . . .
'i'xb4 1 6 l:.b 1 'i'a5 1 7 :xb7 a6 1 8
lba4 lbxe4 ! 1 9 .txg7 lbdc5 20 'i'd4
lbxb7 2 1 .th6 f6+ (Kouatly-Nunn,
Wijk aan Zee 1 99 1 );
(c) 1 1 :e 1 :e8 (both sides act in
accordance with the demands of the
position - White must support his
central pawns, and Black put
pressure on them) 1 2 h3 .txf3 1 3
 King 's Indian Defence: Four Pawns Attack
.i.xf3 a6 I 4 a4 c4 I 5 .i.e3 'i'a5 I 6
�h i (after I 6 'ii'e 2 :ac8 I 7 'i'f2,
Lautier-Sutovsky, Tilburg I 996,
I 7 . . . lte7 ! ? 1 8 .i.d4 :ce8 White does
not have anything real) I 6 . . . .:te7
(Black must watch out for the e4-e5
breakthrough - after I 6 . . lLlc5 ? ! I 7
. square bishop and to exploit the
.i.xc5 'i'xc5 I 8 e5 he ends up in a
difficult position; with the text move
he prepares to intensify the pressure
on the e-file) I 7 'i'd2 (or I 7 .i.d4
lLlc5 I 8 e5 lLlfd7 I 9 e6 .i.xd4 20
'ii'xd4 lLlb3+) I 7 . . . :ae8 !
B lack, whose forces are harmon­
iously deployed, can be satisfied
with the outcome of the opening
(Peicheva-J.Polgar, Novi Sad I 990).
In the game White was unable to
suppress B lack on the e-file, and
after I 8 'i'f2 lLlxe4 I 9 lLlxe4 %he4
20 �xe4 :xe4 ended up in an
inferior position.
9 :es
White has a protected pawn
outpost at d5 and controls more
space. B ut the advanced f4 pawn
prevents him from bringing his .i.c I
109
into play, and his problem is to
advance f4-f5, which will enable
him to begin an attack both on the
kingside, and on the d6 pawn.
Black, in turn, must to everything
possible to restrict White's dark­
open e-file, the occupation of the
important e4 square playing a far
from m inor role.
10 0--0 .i.f5
This same position can arise after
9 .i.f5! ? I O ()-..{) :e8 .
• • •
11 .i.d3
Black does not need to fear 11
lLlh4: l l . . . lLle4 ( l l . . .lLlbd7 is also
good - he controls e4, and so he has
at least equality) 12 lLlxf5 gxf5 13
lLlxe4 fxe4 14 .i.e3 .i.xb2 1 5 :b 1
'i'f6 1 6 'i'b3 .i.d4, when his chances
are not worse (Antoshin-Boles­
lavsky, Leningrad 1 956).
11 lLle4
This variation is condemned oy
theory, yet it is the most consistent
way for Black to carry out his plan.
and his play can be improved.
I I0 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
12 lDxe4 .txe4
13 .txe4 lbe4
14 liJgS
After 14 'ifd3 'ife7 ! ? it is not
apparent how the hanging position
of the rook can be exploited. 1 5
ltJg5 is unpleasantly met by 1 5 . . .
l:.d4 1 6 'ifh3 h 6 1 7 'ifc8+ .tf8=i=
(Black is threatening to capture the
c4 pawn and exchange queens by
. . . 'ifd7), while 1 5 fS is parried by
the calm I 5 . . liJd7 1 6 .tg5 f6 ! and
.
1 7 . .. lle8 (analyis by Y.Gel ler).
I krc the game A.Gel ler-Feldman
(Leningrad 1 965) continued 14 .••
l:e7 1 5 f5 lbd7 1 6 fxg6 hxg6 1 7
'i'g4 with an attack for White, but
after 14...lbc4! I 5 f5 .td4+ 1 6 �h 1
.tf6+ it is not easy for him to
demonstrate that he has compen­
sation for the pawn.
8.22 (1 d4 lDf6 2 c4 g6 3 liJc3
.tg7 4 e4 d6 5 f4 0--t) 6 .te2 cS)
7 ltJtJ
Wbite maintains the tension in the
centre, hoping to keep his pawn
chain intact.
7 cxd4
By opening the a 1 -h8 diagonal
Black begins play against the
opponent's centre.
8 liJxd4 lDa6!?
An interesting idea of GM Leonid
Stein. In its time the creative duo
Stein-Gufeld worked very fruitfully
for the benefit of the King' s Indian .
Black intends to put pressure o n the
e4 pawn and his knights will operate
very harmoniously.
 King's Indian Defence: Four Pawns Attack Ill

9 �e3 of his king) 1 5 �xf8 1Wh4+ 16 �d2

I f 9 �there follows 9 . . . lLlc5 1 0 i.xf8, and Black's initiative was
i. f3 'Wb6 with the threat of very strong.
. . . lLlcxe4, while 9 .to is parried by But also after 14 1Wxd8 l:.xd8 15
9 �g4 1 0 �e3 1Wc8 1 1 b3 i.xf3
. . . �xc5 �g7 Black' s chances are not
1 2 1Wxf3 tLlb4 1 3 0--0 tLlg4, when worse - he has active pieces and a
the activity of the black pieces is not slight lead in development.
easy to suppress.
9 lLlc5 Game 9 (p. l l l )
10 .i.f3 .i.h6! Stahlberg-Stein
A strong move, enabling B lack to Yerevan 1 965
' latch on' to the white centre and to
exploit his lead in development. 1 c4 lLlf6
11 tLlb3 2 tLlc3 g6
11 'Wd2 e5 1 2 tLlde2 exf4 1 3 3 d4 i.g7
lLlxf4 l:te8 leads to equality, as 4 e4
shown by Boleslavsky. In a slightly ' roundabout' way,
11 e5 via the English Opening, the main
12 lLlxc5 exf4 line of the King's Indian has been
13 �a dxc5 reached.
4 �!?
A flexible move, provoking
White into premature activity in the
centre. After 5 e5? ! tLleS 6 f4 d6 ! 7
�e3 c5 ! 8 dxc5 tLlc6 ! Black
achieves his aim - the white centre
collapses (Letelier-Fischer, Leipzig
1 960). Therefore the move order
chosen by Black usually reduces to
the main variations.
5 �e2 d6
6 f4
Thus the basic position of the
The critical position of the Four Pawns Attack has been
variation. Stahlberg-Stein (Yerevan reached.
1 965) Illustrative Game No. 9 6 c5
continued 14 �xc5 tLld7 ! (a brilliant 7 tLlf3 cxd4
exchange sacrifice, based on the 8 tLlxd4 tLla6
weakness of White ' s dark-square A variation developed by Stein.
periphery and the insecure position 9 �e3 l1Jc5
1 12 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

10 .tfJ .th6! 19 l:tcl .tg7

A subtle move, typical of Stein ' s 20 ltld5 Wc5
deep an d artistic style o f play. He 21 Wg1
now threatens . . . e7-e5 . 2 1 b3 b5 ! 22 'iig l Wa3 favours
ll ltlb3 e5 Black.
This move must be considered in 21 Wxc4+
connection with B lack' s brilliant 22 �bl Wd3+
1 4th move. 23 l:tc2
12 tDxc5 exf4 After 23 'it'a I ltlc4 the pressure
13 .tfl dxc5 on the b2 pawn is very strong.
14 .txc5 23 .te6
24 .te2?
The decisive mistake. After 24
'ii'd l ! ? White would have retained
hopes of saving the game.
24 1Wxe4
25 ltlc3 ...f5
26 'i'cl lDc6
27 �al ltlb4
28 l:td2

14 ltld7!
The move of a great master. This
idea may have stimulated the
brilliant discovery by Kasparov in
his 1 990 World Championship
Match against Karpov (3rd game).
15 .txf8 'i'h4+!
An important interpqsition, which
deprives the white king of a
comfortable shelter. 28 lDxa2!
16 'it>d2 .lixf8 This tactical stroke emphasises
17 'i'e1 "fie7 White 's helplessness.
Black's attacking chances look 29 ltlxa2 'i'a5
very real in view of the insecure 30 .ltc4 it.xc4
position of the white king. 31 1Wxc4 'i'xd2
18 'it>c2 ltle5 It is all over.
 King's Indian Defence: Four Pawns Attack 111

32 .:tbl .:td8 3S 'i'c7 .:td3

33 ttlc3 'i'xg2 36 �a2 'ihe4
34 ttle4 b6 White resigns
9 King's Indian Defence:
Samisch Variation
1 d4 tt'lf6 defended his e4 pawn and now has
2 c4 g6 plans for a direct attack on the
3 tt'lc3 i..g7 castled position. By h4-h5xg6 he
4 e4 d6 intends to open the h-file for his
5 f3 6-{) heavy pieces, and at the same time
to exchange the pieces defending the
black king - the i.g7 (by 1!fd2 and
i.. h 6), and the tt'lf6 (by tt'ld5). If
B lack meets h2-h4 with . . . h7-h5 ,
White's attack loses i n swiftness (to
open the h-file he now has to play
g2-g4 and tt'lg3), but on the other
hand he acquires the g5 square, the
occupation of which by his dark­
square bishop together with tt'ld5
may cause Black definite problems.
Having said this, players with
White are increasingly rejecting the
Here we will consider 6 i..e3 idea of a direct attack in favour of
(9.1) and 6 i.. g5 (9.2). positional methods of play. The
6 tt'lge2, like the other two moves, main drawback of White's set-up is
is met by 6 . . . tt'lc6, transposing into the delay in developing his kingside.
one of the main variations, since The f3 pawn has taken away the
after 7 d5 tt'le5 8 tt'ld4 c5 ! ? Black lawful square of the tt'lg 1 , and to
makes this important advance with complete his development he will
gain of tempo and solves his often leave his king's bishop on its
opening problems. initial square, and play tt'lg l -e2-c l ­
b3 , thus keeping the central squares
9. 1 (1 d4 tt'lf6 2 c4 g6 3 tt'lc3 i..g7 sufficiently defended. But such an
4 e4 d6 5 f3 (}--{)) unwieldy manoeuvre is bound to
allow Black time to arrange
6 i.. e3 counterplay on the central squares,
The basic position of the Samisch and in the resulting sharp m iddle­
Variation . White has securely game the outcome often depends on
 Kings Indian Defence: Samisch Variation
whether or not White can maintain
control of the key d4 square.
6 �c6!
In contrast to White, engaged in
building up his powerful pawn
wedge, B lack develops! He has
available a wide range of weapons,
including the typical pawns attacks
. . . b7-b5 (after . . . a7-a6 and .. J�b8)
and . . . e7-e5 (usually accompanied
by the invasion of his knight at d4 ),
and also, in the event of the b-file
being opened, . . . d6-d5, which often
involves a pawn sacrifice for the
sake of opening lines.
7 ttJgel
Other tries:
7 d5?! (a clearly premature stabil­
ising of the centre: now Black
makes the freeing advance . . . c7-c5 ,
forcing the exchange on c6, and
gains the better chances) 7 . . . �eS 8
'i' d2 a6 9 .li.e2 cS ! 1 0 dxc6 bxc6 1 1
l::td 1 ( 1 1 f4?! �eg4 1 2 h3 �xe3 1 3
'i'xe3 l:b8 1 4 0-0-0 �xe4 !-+,
Faber-Hildama, corr. 1 978) 1 1 . . .
"it'aS :f.
115
7 .li.d3?! (this allows Black to
occupy d4 in 'classic' style) 7 c5! . . .
8 dS (8 �ge2 �hS 9 .li.c2 exd4 1 0
�xd4 'ii'h4+ 1 1 .li.f2 'ii'g S:f, Hess­
Fischer, corr. 1 967) 8 . . . �4 9 �ge2
�hS 1 0 'ii'd2 cS 1 1 dxc6 (if 1 1
0-0-0? ! a6 1 2 �g3 �f4 1 3 .li.xf4
exf4 1 4 �ge2 bS - a classic demon­
stration of the strength of a central
outpost; the white pieces are prac­
tically helpless - 1 5 �xd4 .li.xd4 1 6
'ii'xf4 bxc4 1 7 .li.xc4 %:tb8 1 8 "it'd2
"it'aS+, Paroulke-Kausek, corr. 1 984)
l l . . .bxc6 1 2 0-0 %:tb8 1 3 %:tab 1 fS:f
(Siiwa-Bobotsov, Marianske Lazne
1 96 1 ).
7 'ii'd l (a radical way of carrying
out the plan of a direct attack on the
black castled position. White re­
frains from developing his kingside
pieces, and plans 0-0-0, h2-h4-
h5xg6, .li.h6xg7 and 'ii'h 6. Black, as
usual, prepares a counter-offensive
on the queenside by . . . a7-a6, . . . l:b8
and . . . b7-b5, and in some cases
invades with his knight at d4 - in
this case the absence of the knight
from e2 will be rather keenly felt! )
7 . . . a6 and now:
(a) 8 dS ! ? �eS 9 .li.h6 .li.xh6! (a
standard idea - Black gains time for
counterplay in the centre) I 0 'ii'xh6
cS !=, and the white queen has to
return empty-handed;
(b) 8 g4 (also premature - Black
gains counterplay by establ ish ing
his knight at d4) 8 . . . e5 ! 9 dS tt'ld4
I 0 0-0-0 cS 1 1 dxc6 (practically
forced, but now Black opens a file
against the king, and it is White who
1 16 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
has to exercise caution) 1 1 . . . bxc6
1 2 g5 tbe8 1 3 h4 'ili'aS=i=;
(c) 8 l:b 1 (White tries to restrict
the black cavalry, but since he is
behind in development this can
hardly be effective) 8 . . . l:b8 9 b4 e5
1 0 d5 tbd4 1 1 tbge2 and neverthe­
less 1 1 . . . c5 ! 1 2 dxc6 bxc6 (a
standard pawn sacrifice for the sake
of opening lines; additional factors
are the opposition of the rooks and
the fact that Black can ' latch on' to
the b4 pawn) 1 3 tbxd4 exd4 1 4
.i.xd4 l:e8 ! 1 5 .i.e2 c 5 1 6 bxc5
tbxe4 ! 1 7 fxe4 �4++ (Lputian­
Kasparov, USSR 1 976);
(d) 8 .i.d3 (the quietest positional
plan, aimed at the harmonious
completion of White ' s development;
however, the d4 square is inevitably
weakened, which B lack immediate­
ly exploits) 8 . . . e5 9 d5 tbd4 1 0
tbge2 tbd7 ! ? (another typical proce­
dure in the battle for d4 - the knight
uncovers the 'X-ray' of the .ig7;
often, with the same idea, the knight
is moved to hS) 1 1 0---0 c5 1 2 dxc6
bxc6 1 3 b4 ! ? ( 1 3 l:ad 1 =) 1 3 . . . .i.b7
1 4 l:ad 1 aS ! 1 5 b5 c5 1 6 f4
(Kamsky-Hjartarson, Biel 1 993)
1 6 . . . f5 ! ? 1 7 tbg3 g5 ! 1 8 tbxfS tbxf5
1 9 exf5 exf4 20 .i.f2ao (Kamsky);
(e) 8 (k)-0 (the classic continu­
ation of the attack) 8 . . . b5 ! (Gufeld ' s
brilliant rejoinder: Black offers a
pawn sacrifice to open lines,
effectively leading to a position
from the Benko Gambit, where
White has castled queenside), when
White has:
(e 1 ) 9 cxb5?! (accepting the sacri­
fice is dangerous) 9 . . . axb5 1 0 .ltxb5
tba5 1 1 �b I ( 1 1 .i.h6 c6 12 .i.xg7
�xg7 1 3 .i.d3 , Christiansen-Hjartar­
son, Szirak 1 987, 1 3 . . . 'ii'b 6 ! 1 4 e5
tbd5 1 5 tbxdS cxd5 1 6 tbe2 .i.a6+,
Hjartarson) l l . . . .i.a6 1 2 .i.xa6 %ha6
1 3 'ili'd3 'ili'a8 1 4 tbge2 l:b8 1 5 .i.c l
e6 ! 1 6 h4 d5 1 7 h5 tbc4+ (Peturs­
son-Gufeld, Hastings 1 986/7);
(e2) 9 h4 h5 10 .ih6 e5 1 1 tbge2
bxc4 1 2 g4 .ltxh6 1 3 'ifxh6 .i.xg4 !
(a typical sacrifice) 1 4 fxg4 (weaker
is 1 4 l:g 1 .i.xf3 1 5 tbf4?! , Dol­
matov-Thorsteins, Polanica Zdroj
1 987, 1 5 . . . exf4 1 6 .i.xc4 d5 ! - a
simple refutation: the attack clearly
does not compensate for the sac­
rificed piece - 1 7 tbxdS .i.xe4-+)
1 4 . . . tbxg4 1 5 'ifd2 tbf2 1 6 l:h2.
White seems to have everything
in order, but by including his second
knight in the attack B lack gains a
clear advantage: 1 6 . . . tbb4+.
7 a6
8 'ii'd l
Other possibilities for White:
 Kings Indian Defence: Samisch Variation
8 :r.ct i.. d 7 9 Wd2 - see 9 l:.c l .
8 dS lbes 9 lbg3 c6 1 0 a4 ( 1 0
i.. e 2?! b S 1 1 cxbS axbS 1 2 dxc6
b4f) l O . . . cxdS I I cxdS e6! I 2 i.. e2
exdS 1 3 exdS l:.e8 1 4 Wd2 ( I 4
i.. d4? ! 'ii'a S I S Wb3 lbd3+ 1 6 <itfl
lbb4+; 1 4 'it>f2 Wc7 I S Wb3 'ii'e 7!f
Nunn) 14 ... Wc7 ! ? I S 0-{) lbc4 I 6
i.. xc4 Wxc4 I 7 lbge4 lbxe4 I 8
lbxe4 Wb3 ! I 9 i.. d4 ! WxdS 20
%Ud 1 =, and White regains the
material with equality.
8 .z:r.bt bS 9 cxbS axbS I 0 b4
(after 1 0 dS lLleS I I lbd4 b4 Black
is the first to begin active play)
1 O . . . l:tb8 I l lbc I ( 1 1 'ii'd 2 - see 9
l:.b l ) 1 l . . . eS 1 2 dS lbd4.
Black has successfully estab­
lished his knight at d4, since White
cannot play 1 3 i.. xd4 exd4 I 4 lLlxbS
lbxdS ! l S exdS 'ii'e 8+!+.
8 a3 i.. d 7 9 b4 (or 9 'i'd2 l:te8 I O
b4 'ii' b 8 1 1 l:.b 1 b S 1 2 lLlc i e S 1 3
lbb3 exd4 I 4 lbxd4 lbxd4 1 S i.. xd4
cS ! =, Johnson-Vemey, corr. I 992)
9 .. . 'i'b8 1 0 lLlc i ( 1 0 'i'd2 bS ! 1 1
g4?! bxc4 1 2 h4 hS 1 3 gS lbh7 1 4
I I7
l:.bi Wd8 ! +), Nikitin-Makaryev,
Jurmala I 992) 1 0 ... bS, and now:
(a) 1 1 lbb3 bxc4 1 2 i.xc4 lbxb4 !
1 3 axb4 Wxb4 1 4 Wd3 dS ! (a trap! ­
if I S exdS? i.fS + or I S i.. xa6?
Wxb3 1 6 0-{) dxe4 I 7 fxe4 lbg4 ! +,
Mejzlik-Vlasak, corr. 1 987) I S lbcS
dxc4 1 6 Wc2 i..c6+ (Vlasak);
(b) I 1 cxbS axbS 1 2 lbb3 eS 1 3
dS lbe7 1 4 i.. e2 (or 1 4 i.. d 3 lLlhS I S
g3 fS 1 6 We2 fxe4 I 7 fxe4 c6ao, and
Black opens a 'second front',
Nenashev-Golubev, Alushta 1 994)
14 . . . l:.d8 ! ? I S 0-{) c6 1 6 dxc6 i.xc6
(Brunner-Xie Jun, Bern 1 99S) 1 7
'i'c2 dS I 8 i.. c S i.. f8 1 9 lbaS i.. e 8=
(Brunner).
8 'i'c2!? i.. d 7 9 lldi (Dydyshko­
Hait, Katowice I 993) 9 . . 11Vb8 ! ? 1 0
.
lbc 1 eS 1 1 dS lbd4ao and Black
gains counterplay.
8 g4 l:.b8 9 'ii'd 2 - see 8 'ii'd2 l:.b8
9 g4.
8 lbcl eS (immediately initiating
play in the centre), and now:
(a) 9 lbb3 exd4 I O lbxd4 lbxd4
1 1 i..xd4 c6 1 2 i.e2 (or 1 2 a4 dS !
1 3 exdS cxdS 1 4 cS lbhS I S i.. xg7
l:.e8+ao) 1 2 . . . bS 1 3 cxbS axbS 1 4
0-0=;
(b) 9 dS lbd4 1 0 lbb3 lbxb3 1 1
'ifxb3 ( 1 1 axb3 ? ! cS ! 1 2 b4 cxb4 1 3
lba2 lLlhS 1 4 lbxb4 fS 1 S exfS
gxfS+, Gunarsson-Ivkov, Vmjacka
Banja 1 967) 1 1 . . .lbd7 ! ? 1 2 0--0--0 f5
1 3 i..e2 b6 1 4 'i'c2 aS 1 S a3 lLlf6=.
Black's chances are not worse - he
has completed his development and
is ready for action on both fronts
(Salov-Dorfman, USSR I 984).
1 18 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
8 h4!? hS 9 �c l �d7 ! (extending
the diagonal; 9 . . . eS 1 0 dS �d4 l 1
�b3 �xb3 1 2 1!fxb3 �d7 ! ? 1 3 0-
0-0 fS 1 4 �e2 b6 I S 'ifc2 �f6= is
also satisfactory, as in the Salov­
Dorfinan game) 1 0 �b3 aS ! 1 1 a4
( 1 1 dS ! ? �ceS 1 2 �d4 cS 1 3 �dbS
�b6 Ll . f7-fSao) l l . . .�b4 1 2 'ifd2.
. .
If 1 2 �e2 b6 1 3 g4?! hxg4 1 4
fxg4 c S 1 S h S cxd4 1 6 �xd4 �cS
Black has a clear advantage
(Spassky-Fischer, Belgrade 1 992).
Now after 1 2 . . . b6 followed by
. . . c7-cS Black gains adequate play.
8 :b8
9 h4
An aggressive plan, demanding
precise action on the part of Black.
White's other possibilities:
9 d5 �eS 1 0 �d4 (or 1 0 �g3 c6
1 1 f4 �eg4 1 2 �a7 l%a8 1 3 �g l ,
Hort-Bukic, Ljubljana!Portoroz
1 977, 1 3 . . . �7 ! ? with adequate
play for Black) lO . cS ! (a typical
. .
method of counterplay) 1 1 dxc6
bxc6 1 2 :b 1 ( 1 2 f4 ?! is strongly
met by 1 2 . . . cS ! =i=) 1 2 . . . cS 1 3 �c2
�h5 1 4 �e2 f5 with active
possibilities for Black over the
entire front (Hess-Westerinen,
Weissbaden 1 98 1 ).
9 a4 (this attempt to stop Black's
queenside play is ineffective) 9 . . . e5
1 0 dS �aS ! 1 1 �c l cS 1 2 :b l (or
1 2 �e2 �d7 1 3 0-0 fS 1 4 l:tb l f4
l S �f2 b6 1 6 b4 cxb4 1 7 :xb4 �cS
and B lack's active pieces give him
the more pleasant position) 1 2 . . . b6
1 3 b4 cxb4 14 l:txb4 �d7 1 5 �e2
�cS 1 6 0-0 fS=i= with a complicated
game (Gligbric-Gufeld, Belgrade
1 974).
9 :bt b5 1 0 cxb5 axb5 1 1 b4 e5 !
1 2 d5 �e7 1 3 �c l �d7 1 4 g4 �e8
l S .ie2 fS 1 6 �b3 �f6 1 7 :g 1
r.th8 1 8 �aS cS != (Poulton-Down,
Dublin 1 99 1 ).
9 l:tcl �d7 1 0 b3 ! ? ( 1 0 g3 b5 1 1
cxb5 axbS 1 2 �g2 eS 1 3 d5 �aS 1 4
b3 b4 l S �d l �bS=, Averbakh­
Gipslis, Baku 1 96 1 ) 1 0 . . . b5 1 1 cxbS
axbS 1 2 dS �eS 1 3 �d4 'ife8 1 4 a3
e6ao (Van der Sterren-Barlov, Dieren
1 986).
 Kings Indian Defence: Siimisch Variation
9 lld 1 b 5 10 tLlc l ( l 0 cxb5 axb5
1 1 tLlc1 b4 12 tLl3e2 e5 13 d5 tLla5 !
1 4 tLlg3 tLle8 15 i.e2 c5 ! =) 10 . . . e5
1 1 d5 ( 1 1 dxe5 b4 12 tLld5 tLlxe5 13
i.e2 tLlxd5 1 4 cxd5 f5 ! .:o, Botvinnik­
Stein, USSR 1963) 1 1. . .tLld4 12
tLlb3 tLlxb3 13 axb3 i.d7 14 .i.d3
tLlh5 15 0-0 tLlf4 16 i.b 1 f5=
(Furman-I livitsky, USSR 1963 ).
9 g4 b5, and B lack initiates
counterp1ay:
(a) 1 0 tLlg3 ? e5 ! 1 1 d5 tLld4 1 2
i.xd4 exd4 1 3 tLlce2 d3 ! 14 'ii'xd3
bxc4 15 'ii'd2 tLlxg4! 16 fxg4 :Xb2-+
(Agarwal-Gufeld, Calcutta 1992);
(b) 10 cxb5 axb5 11 i.h6 i.xh6
12 'ii'xh6 b4 13 tLld5 i.a6.:o (Ban­
Balogh, Hungary 1968);
(c) 10 h4 h5 11 tLlg3 (11 Jth6?!
hxg4 ! 12 h5 gxf3 13 tLlg3 i.xh6 14
'ii'x h6 f2+ 15 �d1 tLlg4+ Boles­
lavsky; 1 1 gxh5 tLlxh5 12 0-0-0
e5 ! =) 1 l.. .e5 1 2 dxe5 tLlxe5 13 i.e2
hxg4 14 f4 tLlxc4 1 5 i.xc4 bxc4 16
h5 gxh5 17 tLlxh5 (Ward-Buckley,
Guildford 199 1 ) 17 . . . tLlxh5 18
.l:xhS l:te8 ! 19 i.d4 f6 20 0--0--0
"fle7.:o, and it is not easy for White to
mount an attack;
(d) 1 0 0-0-0 e5 1 1 d5 ( 1 1 h4 h5 !
12 i.g5 exd4.:o) 11 . . . tLla5 12 tLlg3
.td7 13 c5 (13 h4? b4 14 tLlb1 i.a4
15 l:te 1 i.b3 ! +) 13 . . . b4 14 c6 bxc3
1 5 "flxc3 tLlxc6 16 dxc6 i.e6 17 g5
tLlh5 18 tLlxh5 gxh5 19 �b1 'ii'e 8=
(Kraidman-Portisch, Manila 197 4).
9 i.b6 i.xh6! 10 'ii'xh 6 e5 - after
the exchange of dark-square
bishops, the opening of the centre
favours Black:
119
(a) 1 1 d5 tLla5 (or 1 l . . .tLld4, and
if 1 2 0-0-0 c5 1 3 dxc6 bxc6 14
tLlxd4 exd4 1 5 l:txd4 llxb2 ! ,
N.Littlewood-Neat, England 1979)
12 tLlg3 c5 1 3 .:tc l (13 h4 .i.d7 ! 14
h5 b5 !=F, Petumi-Gufeld, Los
Angeles 1987) 13 . . . i.d7 14 b3 b5 15
cxb5 axb5 16 tLld1 tLlb7 17 l:tc2
�h8 18 h4 'ii'a 5+ 1 9 '6'd2 'ii'xd2+=
(Petursson-Gallagher, Saint John
1988);
(b) 11 0--0--0 b5 12 h4 (12 d5
tLla5 13 tLlg3 bxc4+) 12 ... bxc4 13 h5
(13 d5 ! ? tLla5 14 h5 'ii'e 7=F) 1 3 . . . 'ii'e 7
14 g4 exd4 15 tLlxd4 tLlxd4 16 .:txd4
i.e6 17 i.xc4 c5 18 hxg6 cxd4 19
l2Jd5 i.xd5 20 i.xd5 d3 ! = (Yaplian­
A.Kuzmin, USSR 1982).
9 a3 .i.d7 (or 9 . . . e5 10 d5 tLle7 11
tLlg3 tLld7 12 i.d3 f5 13 exf5 tLlxf5
14 tLlxf5 gxf5=, Situru-Gufeld,
Hanolulu 1 996) 1 0 b4 .:.e8 1 1 .:td1
'ii'c 8! 12 tLlc1 (12 d5 tLle5 13 tLld4
c5 14 dxc6 bxc6 15 tLlc2 c5.:o) 12 . . .
e 5 1 3 d5 tLld4 14 tLl1e2 c5 ! 1 5 dxc6
bxc6 16 tLlxd4 exd4 1 7 i.xd4 c5 ! 18
i.xf6 .i.xf6 1 9 tLld5 i.e5 ! ? 20 '6'g5
i.a4 21 llb1 cxb4 22 axb4 a5.:o
(Zsinka-Loginov, Budapest 1993 ).
9 � b5 10 g4 - cf. 9 g4, or 10
i.h6 - cf. 9 i.h6.
9 tLlcl e5 - aiming to exploit
White' s rather slow manoeuvring,
Black begins play in the centre:
(a) 10 tLlb3 exd4 1 1 tLlxd4 tLlxd4 !
12 i.xd4 i.e6 13 .te2 (13 0--0--0 ? !
c5 ! 1 4 i.e3 'ii'a 5 1 5 �b1 b5 ! 1 6
tLld5 'ii'xd2 17 l:txd2 i.xd5 1 8 cxd5
tLld7 19 i.e2 fS=F, Sebih-Egger,
Manila 1992) 1 3 . . . c6, and now:
120 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
(a l ) 14 a4 d5 ! 15 cxd5 cxd5 16 e5
tt)d7 17 f4 ( 1 7 'ii'e 3? tt)xe5 18 J.xe5
d4 19 'ii'f4 J.xe5 20 'ii'xe5 dxc3 21
'ii'xc3 .:.c8+) 17 . . . f6 18 exf6 tt)xf6
19 .:.d t (Belyavsky-Nunn, Reykja­
vik 1988; if 19 0---0 tt)e4 20 'ii'e3
.txd4 2 1 'ii' xd4 tt)xc3 22 bxc3 .:.c8
23 :ab l 1i'c7 24 .:.b6 .tt7=,
Belyavsky) 1 9 . . . b5 ! 20 axb5 axb5
21 .txb5 .tg4 22 J.e2 .txe2 23
'ii'xe2 .:.e8 24 J.e5 'ii'b 6�;
(a2) 14 0-0 b5 15 cxb5 (15 b3
bxc4 16 bxc4 'ii'aS 17 .:.ac1 .:.fd8 1 8
�h l c5 1 9 .te3 'ii'a3 20 .:.c2 tt)d7
2 1 f4 tt)b6=, Hjartarson-Nunn,
Rotterdam 1989) 15 . . . axb5 1 6 b3
(16 .:.rct 'fie7 17 a3 .:.rd8 18 b4
l:tbc8oo, Ker-Gufeld, Wellington
1 988) 16 . . . d5 17 e5 tt)d7 18 f4 f6 1 9
exf6 tt)xf6= (Karpov, Razuvaev );
(b) 10 d5 tt)d4, and now:
(b l ) 11 tt)te2 c5 12 dxc6 tt)xc6 ! ?
- the weakness at d 6 i s not so
significant, Black' s piece activity
and pawn thrusts being more
important:
(b l l ) 13 tt)ct b5 ! ? 14 cxb5 axb5
15 .txb5 ( 1 5 tt)b3 b4 1 6 tt)dS tt)xd5
1 7 'ii'xd5 J.b7 18 'ii'd 2oo) 1 5 . . . tt)d4
1 6 .td3 ( 1 6 a4 d5 I 7 exd5 .trs 1 8
0---0 tt)c2oo) 16 . . . 'ii' b 6 ! ? I 7 b3 d5 ! 1 8
exd5 (18 tt)xd5 tt)xd5 19 exd5 e4
with the initiative; 18 0.....0 tt)xf3+ 19
:xf3 d4 20 .tf2 dxc3 21 'ii'xc3
'ii'b 7�, in view of White's weakness
at e4) 1 8 . . . e4 ! 1 9 .tb l (forced: 19
fxe4?! tt)g4 20 J.g i .th6-+; 19
tt)xe4?! tt)xd5 20 .tf2 f5 .1. ... .:.eS-+;
19 .txe4? ! tt)xe4 20 fxe4 tt)c2+! 21
'ii'xc2 'ii' xe3+ 22 tt) I e2 .ta6-+)
1 9 . . . exf3 20 .txd4 .:.e8+ 21 tt)te2
(2 I �fl ?! tt)e4-+; 21 l&>d I tt)e4 ! 22
.txb6 tt)xc3+ 23 �c2 .tf5+ 24 tt)d3
.:.e2+) 2 l . . .tt)xd5 ! 22 .txb6 .txc3
23 gxf3 :xb6 24 .te4 J.xd2+ 25
�xd2 .:.d6� (Brenn inkmejer­
Riemersma, Wijk aan Zee 1987) 26
.:.hd l f5 ! 27 .txd5+ .:.xd5+ 28 �c3
lle3+ 29 �b4 .:.xd1 30 .:.xd1 .:.xe2
31 .:.d8+ �g7 32 l:txc8 :l.xa2+;
(b12) 13 .:.d1 .te6 14 tt)ds ( 1 4
tt)c I b 5 1 5 'ii'xd6 tt)d4 16 'ii'x d8
llbxd8 1 7 .txd4 exd4 18 tt)dS bxc4
I 9 J.xc4 tt)xd5 20 .txd5 .txd5 21
exd5 .:.xd5 22 tt)d3 .th6+, Gheor­
ghiu-Ziiger, Switzerland 199 1 )
I 4 . . . b5 ! 1 5 tt)ec3= (15 cxb5? ! axb5
16 tt)xf6+ .txf6 17 g3 .txa2 1 8
'ii'xd6 J.b3+, Zsu.Polgar-Gufeld,
Wellington 1988);
(b 1 3 ) 13 tt)dS ! ? b5 14 tt)ec3
(Reich-Reschke, Bundesliga 1992),
and now 14 . . . tt)d4 gives Black
reasonable prospects;
(b2) 11 tt)b3 tt)xb3 12 axb3 c5,
when: ,
(b21).13 b4 cxb4 ! 14 tt)a4 b5 15
cxb5 ( 1 5 'fixb4 J.d7 16 cxb5
.txb5+) 15 . . . axb5 I 6 'ii'xb4 tt)e8 17
lbb6 ! ( 1 7 tt)c3 .th6 18 .tf2 'ii' g 5,
Bobotsov-lvkov, Beverwijk 1966,
19 .:.d I .tdTf) 17 ... .th6 ! (a typical
idea for exchanging the dark-square
bishops, which favours Black with
the given pawn fonnation) 18 .txh6
( I 8 .tf2? .:.xb6 19 'ii' a 5 .:.a6 ! 20
'ii'xd8 .:.xa1+ 21 �e2 .ta6+)
1 8 . . . 'ii'h4+ 1 9 �d I 1i'xh6 20 tt)xc8
.:.Xc8 21 'ii'd 2 'ii'xd2+ 22 �xd2 f5 !
(Lukov-Lanka, Geneva 1 993) 23
 Kings Indian Defence: Samisch Variation
exf5 gxf5 24 i.xbS l:.b8 2 S i.xe8
l:lfxe8 26 c;tJc1 l:.bS 27 l:.d 1 l:.eb8�
(Lanka) - the weakness of White' s
b 2 and d5 pawns denies him any
advantage;
(b22) 13 i.g5 'i'c7 14 g4 lbe8=
(Y anovsky-Stepak, Tel A viv 1966);
(b23 ) 13 g4 h5 14 h3 lbh7 15
0-0-0 (1S gxhS 'ii'h 4+ 16 'iWf2,
lvkov-Sofrevski, Yugoslavia 196S ,
16 . . . 'ii'xf2+ 17 �f2 gxh5=,
Karpov, Razuvaev) 1S . . . h4 16 g5 f6
17 gxf6 i.xf6 18 l:.g 1 g5 19 lbe2
<la>h8 20 b4 b6 (Toshich-Krasenkov,
Pazardzhik 1988).
9 bS!?
Of course, this move does not
strengthen B lack's defences, but it
enables him to gain time to mount a
counter-offensive in the centre and
on the queenside.
10 lbcl
Other attempts by White:
10 i.b6 bS and now:
(a) 11 0-0--{)- cf. 10 0-0--{);
(b) 11 g4? ! e5 ! 1 2 dS (slightly
better is 1 2 i.gS exd4 ! 13 lbdS bxc4
1 21
14 gxhS d3 15 h6 i.h8 16 h7+
lbxh7 ! 17 i.xd8 l:.xb2 18 'ii'e 3
l:.xd8 19 lbec3 i.d4 20 'i'f4 .lieS 21
'ii'e 3=, Korensky-Marek, corr.
1 992/3) 12 . . . lbd4 13 lbxd4 i.xh6 14
'iWxh6 exd4� (Kraidman-Wester­
inen, Ramat-Hashron 1 982);
(c) 11 .ltxg7 �g7 12 d5
(Stempn-Sznapik, Polanica Zdroj
1982; 1 2 0-0--{) - cf. 10 0-0--{))
12 . . . lbe5«l.
10 lbdS lbh7 11 i.h6 (1 1 g4
hxg4 12 h5 e6 13 lbdc3 , Petursson­
Westerinen, Gausdal 198S , 13 . . .
e5 !«l) 1 l . . .e5 12 i.xg7 �xg7 13
0-0-0 i.e6 14 c;tJb 1 fS ! 15 exf5
i.xfS+ 16 �a 1 lbf6 17 lbxf6 'i'xf6
18 dS lbd4 ! (Van der Sterren-Ziiger,
Munich 1989), and in each case
Black has satisfactory play.
10 0-0-0 b5 - a sharp position
with mutual flank attacks; however,
here too B lack has good chances:
(a) 11 lbf4 bxc4 12 i.xc4 e5 13
dxeS lbxeS 14 i.b3 'ii'e 8! 1 S �b 1
aS, and now:
(a 1 ) 1 6 i.d4?! lbfd7 1 7 lbfdS c6
1 22 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
1 8 lt:Je3 .ta6 ! 1 9 .txe5 ( 1 9 f4 lt:Jd3
20 iL.xg7 �xgTt) 1 9 . . . iL.xe5 20 g4
(20 iL.c4 'ii'c8 2 1 g4 �b4 ! 22 iL.xa6
'ii'xa6+) 20 . . . d5 ! + 2 1 gxh5 (2 1 exd5
lt:Jc5-+) 2 1 . . . lt:Jc5 (Dydyschko-Gel-
fand, Minsk 1 986) 22 hxg6 tt::lxb3
23 axb3 �xb3 24 lt:Jexd5 cxd5+;
(a2) 16 'ii'c2 i.. d 7 1 7 iL.d4 'it>h7
(Vaganian-Nunn, Skelleftea 1 989)
1 8 lt:Jh3co (Nunn);
(b) 1 1 i.. h 6 e5 ! (here too the
exchange of bishops favours Black -
the i.. g 7 is passive) 1 2 i..xg7 ( 1 2
tt::ld 5 i..xh6 ! 1 3 'ii'xh6 bxc4 1 4 g4?!
iL.xg4 ! 1 5 lt:Jxf6+ 'ii'xf6 16 fxg4
exd4+, Kragelj-Levacich, Pula
1 963 ) 12 .. .C�xg7, and now:
(b l ) 1 3 d5?! lt:Ja5 1 4 cxb5 axb5
1 5 lt:Jg3 i..d 7 1 6 lt:Jxb5? ! i..x b5 1 7
'ifxa5 i..xfl 1 8 l:.hxfl l:.a8+
(Razuvaev-Aranovich, Lublin
1 976);
(b2) 1 3 dxe5 dxe5 14 'ife3 'ii'e7
1 5 lt:Jd5 lt:Jxd5 1 6 cxd5 lt:Ja5 1 7 lt:Jc3
i.. d 7=, Plachetka-Babula, Prague
1 992;
(b3 ) 13 lt:Jd5 ! ? (Ionescu-
Schneider, Stara Zagora 1 990), and
now 1 3 . . . bxc4 ! ? 1 4 lt:Jxf6 'ifxf6 1 5
d 5 lt:Jd8 gives Black fair counter­
chances - his knight goes to c5, and
the b-file is of some significance;
(c) 1 1 lt:Jd5 bxc4 - it is-useful to
open the b-file:
( c 1) 12 g4 lt:Jxd5 1 3 exd5 lt:Jb4 1 4
tt::lc 3 c6 ! 1 5 i.. xc4 cxd5 1 6 i.. b3
'ii' b6 ! 1 7 l:.hg l (Kuligowski-Nunn,
Wijk aan Zee 1 983) 1 7 . . . f5 ! 1 8
tt::lx d5 ( 1 8 gxh5 f4! ) 1 8 . . . lt:Jxd5 1 9
i..xd5+ e6 20 i.. b3 'ii'c 6+ intending
. . .'ifxf3 with a complicated game
(Nunn);
( c2) 1 2 iL.h6 tt::lx d5 1 3 exd5 tt::l b4
1 4 lt:Jc3 c6 (Petursson-Nunn, Luzem
1 982) 1 5 dxc6! ( 1 5 i..xc4?! cxd5 1 6
tt::lx d5 i.. xh6 1 7 'ii'xh6 lt:Jxd5 1 8
iL.xd5 i.. f5 ! +, Hurme-Nunn,
Helsinki 1 983) 1 5 . . . d5 ! 1 6 g4 i..xh6
1 7 'ifxh6 'ii'b6 1 8 l:.h2 'ii'xc6 1 9
gxh 5 ! i.. f5 20 i.. h 3co (Nunn);
(c3) 1 2 tt::lxf6+ i..x f6 1 3 g4 lt:Jb4
1 4 tt::lc 3 c5 1 5 i..xc4 cxd4 1 6 i.. xd4
'ilc7 1 7 i.. b3 , and now Black has
two good possibilities:
( c3 1 ) 1 7 . . . i.. xd4 1 8 'ifxd4 i.. e 6
1 9 gxhS i.. xb3 20 axb3 'iia 5 ! ?
(20 . . . lt:Ja2+ 2 1 'iii>c 2 l:.b4 2 2 ._,d2
l:.tb8=, W.Schm idt-Sznapik, Prague
1 985) 2 1 �b 1 'ifxhSco (Novak­
Sznapik, Polanica Zdroj 1 985);
(c32) 17 ... i.. e6 ! ? 18 i..xf6 i.. xb3
1 9 axb3 exf6 20 gxhS 'ifa5 ! = (011-
Gelfand, USSR 1 984).
It is clear that in every case Black
obtains interesting, dynam ic
positions, 'Yhere White has to play
accurately ,.to avoid ending up in
difficulties.
10 eS
11 dS tt::ld4
12 tt::l b3
12 tt::l 1 e2- cf. 9 tt::lc l .
12 tt::lx b3
13 axb3 c6!?
Here, compared with the similar
position without the advance of the
two h-pawns, 13 ... c5 is less reliable
- in certain key variations Black
does not have the favourable
manoeuvre . . . i.. h 6 ! and . . . 'ii'h4 +.
 Kings Indian Defence: Siimisch Variation 1 23

14 i.e2 cxd5
15 cxd5 a5!?

9.2 (1 d4 tLlf6 2 c4 g6 3 tt:Jc3 i.g7

After opening the c-file, B lack 4 e4 d6 5 f3 0-0)
adopts a defensive posture on the
queenside, preventing the restricting 6 i.g5
b3-b4.
Weaker is 15...i.d7 1 6 b4;!;
(Christiansen-Durich, San Francisco
1987).
16 i.g5!?
16 i.h6 ..txh6 1 7 'iixh6 i.d7=.
16 0-0 b6 1 7 %:.fc 1 ( 1 7 ..tgs - cf.
1 6 ..tgS) 1 7 . . . tLld7 1 8 i.gS f6 1 9
i.e3 tt:Jc5 20 ..tc4=.
16 %:.e8!?
After 16 b6 1 7 tLlbS ! ( 1 7 0-0
•.•

b5 ! =) 1 7 . . . i.a6 1 8 l:tc 1 :c8 1 9 :c6

Wh ite becomes firmly established at
c6. This move has the aim of
17 ..tb5 :e7 reducing to the minimum B lack' s
18 ()....() b6 options, and in particular of exclu­
19 tt:Ja4 ..t d7 ding . . . e7-e5 . But in fact the ' long'
Black has taken appropriate bishop move allows Black to engage
regrouping measures and retains a with great optimism in a battle for
reasonable position. It is hard for the d4 square. This aim is best an­
White to transform his spatial swered by playing his knight to c6,
advantage into something real. as also recommended against 6 i.e3 .
1 24 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
6 �c6!
7 �gel
7 'ii'dl a6 ! 8 d5 ! ? (if 8 0-0--0 b5 !
9 cxb5 axb5 1 0 ii.xb5 lLla5 1 1 �b 1
�a6 1 2 ii.xa6 l:.xa6 1 3 'ifd3 'if a8
and B lack' s attack is very
dangerous, completely neutralising
White's material advantage) 8 . . . lLle5
9 f4 lLled7 10 ltJfJ lLlc5 1 1 'ifc2 c6
1 2 �e2 cxd5 1 3 cxd5 'iib6 ! ? 1 4
lLld2 �fxe4! 1 5 lLldxe4 �f5 1 6 g4
lLlxe4 1 7 gxf5 'ii'f2 +! and despite
White ' s extra piece, his position is
in danger (Georgadze-Kupreichik,
USSR 1 980/ 1 ).
7 a6
8 'ii' dl
8 d5 !? lLle5 9 lLlc 1 (after 9 lLld4
c5 ! 1 0 lLlc2 h6 1 1 �e3 e6 1 2 a4
exd5 1 3 cxd5 lLlh 7 1 4 ii.e2 f5 1 5 f4
lLlf7 the white centre is insecure,
and e4-e5 leads to the complete
elimination of the forces; Black
retains sufficient counterplay,
Bragin-Kislov, Voronezh 1 99 1 )
9 . . . c6 1 0 'ii'd 2 cxd5 1 1 cxd5 b5 1 2
lLlb3 �d 7 1 3 l:.c 1 l:.c8 1 4 ii.e2 b4
1 5 lLld 1 l:.xc 1 1 6 lLlxc 1 'ii' b6 1 7
�e3 'ii'b 7 and White can hardly
count on any advantage (Gomez­
Garcia Martinez, Bayami 1 990).
8 l:.b8
9 h4
Other possibilities for White:
9 d5 (after this advance it is fairly
easy for B lack to build up his
position - the white knight cannot
be maintained at d4, and it merely
helps him to stabilise the centre)
9 lLle5 1 0 lLlg3 (or 1 0 lLld4 c5 1 1
. . .
lLlc2 �e8 1 2 �e2 f5 1 3 0-0 lLlf7 1 4
�e3 e 5 and White has to take care
not to come under an attack) 1 O . . . c6
1 1 ii.e2 b5 1 2 cxb5 cxd5 1 3 �xf6
(after 1 3 exd5 axb5 1 4 ii.xb5 'ifa5
the activity of Black's pieces and
the insecure position of the enemy
king give him the better chances)
1 3 . . . ii.xf6 14 lLlxd5 �g7 1 5 a4 ( 1 5
bxa6? l:.xb2+) 1 5 . . . axb5 1 6 axb5
ii.d7 1 7 f4 ( 1 7 'ii'a5 e6 ! 1 8 'ifxd8
l:.fxd8 1 9 lLlc3 d5 and the weakness
of the b2 and b5 pawns gives B lack
the better chances) 1 7 . . . �g4 1 8 'ifa5
'ii'e 8 1 9 l:.d 1 h5 20 0-0 �xb5 2 1
�xb5 l:.xb5= (Sadler-Vogt, Alten­
steig 1 992).
9 l:tcl!? A new idea of Dreev ­
White intends to place his pawns on
light squares (b3-c4-d5 ) and
prophy1actically defends his �c3 ,
concerning himself mainly with
denying Black counterplay and
planning to develop freely with lLld4
and ii.e2 . Nevertheless this is a slow
plan, and by denying White use of
the coordination point d4 B lack can
face the future with confidence.
9 . . . �d7 (or 9 . . . h5 ! ? 1 0 b3 lLlh7 1 1
�h4 'ife8 1 2 d5 lLle5 1 3 ltJd4 c5ao,
Novikov-D.Fedorov, St Petersburg
1 996) 1 0 d5 ( 1 0 b3 ! ? e5 ! 1 1 d5 lLle7
and White has no convenient
squares to develop his kingside
pieces, while Black is already
threatening . . . b7-b5) 1 O . lLla5 1 1 b3
..
c5 ! ? 1 2 Jlh6 ( 1 2 dxc6 bxc6 1 3 c5
dxc5 and provided Black does not
allow White quietly to complete his
development, his opening problems
1 24 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
6 �c6!
7 �gel
7 'ii'dl a6 ! 8 d5 ! ? (if 8 0-0--0 b5 !
9 cxb5 axb5 1 0 ii.xb5 lLla5 1 1 �b 1
�a6 1 2 ii.xa6 l:.xa6 1 3 'ifd3 'if a8
and B lack' s attack is very
dangerous, completely neutralising
White's material advantage) 8 . . . lLle5
9 f4 lLled7 10 ltJfJ lLlc5 1 1 'ifc2 c6
1 2 �e2 cxd5 1 3 cxd5 'iib6 ! ? 1 4
lLld2 �fxe4! 1 5 lLldxe4 �f5 1 6 g4
lLlxe4 1 7 gxf5 'ii'f2 +! and despite
White ' s extra piece, his position is
in danger (Georgadze-Kupreichik,
USSR 1 980/ 1 ).
7 a6
8 'ii' dl
8 d5 !? lLle5 9 lLlc 1 (after 9 lLld4
c5 ! 1 0 lLlc2 h6 1 1 �e3 e6 1 2 a4
exd5 1 3 cxd5 lLlh 7 1 4 ii.e2 f5 1 5 f4
lLlf7 the white centre is insecure,
and e4-e5 leads to the complete
elimination of the forces; Black
retains sufficient counterplay,
Bragin-Kislov, Voronezh 1 99 1 )
9 . . . c6 1 0 'ii'd 2 cxd5 1 1 cxd5 b5 1 2
lLlb3 �d 7 1 3 l:.c 1 l:.c8 1 4 ii.e2 b4
1 5 lLld 1 l:.xc 1 1 6 lLlxc 1 'ii' b6 1 7
�e3 'ii'b 7 and White can hardly
count on any advantage (Gomez­
Garcia Martinez, Bayami 1 990).
8 l:.b8
9 h4
Other possibilities for White:
9 d5 (after this advance it is fairly
easy for B lack to build up his
position - the white knight cannot
be maintained at d4, and it merely
helps him to stabilise the centre)
9 lLle5 1 0 lLlg3 (or 1 0 lLld4 c5 1 1
. . .
lLlc2 �e8 1 2 �e2 f5 1 3 0-0 lLlf7 1 4
�e3 e 5 and White has to take care
not to come under an attack) 1 O . . . c6
1 1 ii.e2 b5 1 2 cxb5 cxd5 1 3 �xf6
(after 1 3 exd5 axb5 1 4 ii.xb5 'ifa5
the activity of Black's pieces and
the insecure position of the enemy
king give him the better chances)
1 3 . . . ii.xf6 14 lLlxd5 �g7 1 5 a4 ( 1 5
bxa6? l:.xb2+) 1 5 . . . axb5 1 6 axb5
ii.d7 1 7 f4 ( 1 7 'ii'a5 e6 ! 1 8 'ifxd8
l:.fxd8 1 9 lLlc3 d5 and the weakness
of the b2 and b5 pawns gives B lack
the better chances) 1 7 . . . �g4 1 8 'ifa5
'ii'e 8 1 9 l:.d 1 h5 20 0-0 �xb5 2 1
�xb5 l:.xb5= (Sadler-Vogt, Alten­
steig 1 992).
9 l:tcl!? A new idea of Dreev ­
White intends to place his pawns on
light squares (b3-c4-d5 ) and
prophy1actically defends his �c3 ,
concerning himself mainly with
denying Black counterplay and
planning to develop freely with lLld4
and ii.e2 . Nevertheless this is a slow
plan, and by denying White use of
the coordination point d4 B lack can
face the future with confidence.
9 . . . �d7 (or 9 . . . h5 ! ? 1 0 b3 lLlh7 1 1
�h4 'ife8 1 2 d5 lLle5 1 3 ltJd4 c5ao,
Novikov-D.Fedorov, St Petersburg
1 996) 1 0 d5 ( 1 0 b3 ! ? e5 ! 1 1 d5 lLle7
and White has no convenient
squares to develop his kingside
pieces, while Black is already
threatening . . . b7-b5) 1 O . lLla5 1 1 b3
..
c5 ! ? 1 2 Jlh6 ( 1 2 dxc6 bxc6 1 3 c5
dxc5 and provided Black does not
allow White quietly to complete his
development, his opening problems
 Kings Indian Defence: Siimisch Variation 125

will be solved) 12 . . . i.xh6 l 3 'i'xh6 12 i.h6 cf. 6 i.e3 .

-

b5 ! 1 4.!Llf4 bxc4 1 5 bxc4 :Z.b4 1 6 h4 12 .!Llxd5

.!Llxc4 (Ljubojevic-Nunn, Amber 13 exd5 .!Llb4
Rapid 1994 ), and after 1 7 .!Lld3 :Z.b6 14 .!Llc3 c5!
18 .!Llxc5 dxc5 19 i.xc4 e6! B lack With the bishop at e3 this would
has no problems. be impossible, and Black would
have to restrict himself to the
modest 14 . . . c6. But here he seizes
control of d4 !
15 i.h6
15 dxc6?! •as ! 16 i.xc4 .!Llxc6
17 gxh5 :Z.b4 18 i.d5 .!Llxd4+
(Vegh-Vogt, Eger 1984).
15 i.xd4
16 ..i.xc4 hxg4
17 i.xt'8
Or 17 h5?! gxf3 ! 18 i.xf8 'i'xf8
1 9 hxg6?! fxg6 20 a3 i.e5+.
17 'i'xt'8
9 h5 18 a3 gxf3!
10 0--0--0 b5 19 axb4 :Z.xb4
11 .!Lld5
For 11 i.h6 cf Illustrative Game
No. I 0 (Mestel-Gufeld, Hastings
1 986/7).
11 bxc4
12 g4
Alternatives:
12 i.xf6 (with his bishop at e3
White could play 1 2 .!Llxf6+, but
here this would involve the loss of a
tempo and serious risk after 1 2 . . .
exf6) 12 . . . exf6 l 3 ._,c3.!Lle7. This is
practically the only variation that is
not possible after 6 i.e3 , but the Black has sacrificed a whole
spoiled pawn structure is merely to rook, but the dominating placing of
B lack' s advantage. Now White has all his pieces, plus his passed pawns
nothing better than 1 4.!Llxe7+ ._,xe7 and the possibility of . . . a5-a4-a3 ,
1 5 ._,xc4 when the possible 1 5 . . . f5 allow the situation to be considered
gives B lack the better chances. roughly equal.
126 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
Game 1 0 (p. l 25 )
Mestel-Gufeld
Hastings 1 98617
1 c4 g6
2 e4 �g7
3 d4 d6
4 liJc3 liJf6
5 f3 0--0
6 i.g5
A popular move, hindering . . . e7-
e5, which at the same time provokes
Black into playing . . . h7-h6, when
the bishop retreats to e3 and White
then gains a tempo for his attack by
'ji'd2.
In reply B lack must launch a
counterattack. Where? In the centre,
of course, since the white king is
still there.
6 liJc6!?
After 7 dS liJeS Black will follow
up with . . . c7-c6 ! , achieving his
main objective: he opens a second
front and forces the opponent to
divert his forces to the defence of
his own king.
White is unlikely to follow this
path, which means that he will
prepare a shelter for his king on the
queenside while maintaining the
tension in the centre. Black must
therefore open a front on this part of
the board . How does· he do this?
Very simply: . . . liJc6 ! , . . . a7-a6,
. . Jlb8 and at a convenient moment
. . . b7-b5 !
And so the seemingly strange
move 6 . . . liJc6 becomes perfectly
understandable, as it also prepares a
blow in the centre with . . . e7-e5
(White's d4 is vulnerable, especially
with his bishop at gS).
7 liJge2 a6
8 'ji'd2 l:tb8
9 b4 b5!
One of those cases where an
exception to the rule operates. Of
course, this move does not
strengthen the defences of Black ' s
king, but i t enables him to gain
precious time to set up a counter­
offensive.
10 0--0--0 b5
11 �b6 e5!
With the bishop at gS, here there
would have followed d4-d5 . But
now, after 1 2 �xg7 �xg7, the move
1 3 dS has several positional
drawbacks. In particular, White
remains with a ' bad' bishop (his e4
and dS pawns are on light sq uares),
and in addition after 1 3 . . . liJaS! it
would appear that he is forced to
block the path of his g-pawn with 1 4
liJg3 , which sharply reduces his
attacking potential.
 Kings Indian Defence: Siimisch Variation
12 .ltxg7 �xg7
13 dxe5
There is already no other sensible
move. If 1 3 lt:Jd5 there follows 1 3 . . .
bxc4 with a counterattack, which is
all the more dangerous for the fact
that White simply cannot complete
his development, his .ltfl being not
only ' bad ' , but also ' blind', blocked
in by the tt:'le2, covering d4.
13 dxe5
1 3 . . . tt:'lxe5? would be a positional
blunder. After 1 4 cxb5 axb5 1 5 tt:'lf4
the enemy pieces suddenly come
alive and the picture changes
sharply in White's favour.
14 W'g5 'ike7
15 tt:'ld5
There is effectively nothing else.
The reckless 1 5 g4?! hxg4 16 h5
runs into the 'cool' 1 6 . . . tt:'lh7 ! (and
if 1 7 'ifd2 'ii'g 5).
15 tt:'lxd5
16 exd5? !
An interesting, but questionable
move. Mestel real ised that 1 6 cxd5
was sounder, but here Black gains
the advantage in a quiet situation:
1 6 . . . 'ikxg5+ 1 7 hxg5 tt:'la5 1 8 tt:'lc3
tt:'lb7 followed by . . . tt:'ld6 and
. . . c7-c6 .
Therefore White gives up control
of the important f5 square, but
makes a desperate attempt somehow
to activate his light-square bishop,
relying on the tactical resources of
the position.
16 f6
After 1 6 . . . 'ifxg5+? 1 7 hxg5 tt:'le7
White gains use of the e4 square,
127
and the e5 pawn, cut off from base,
is weak.
17 'ii' d 2
Practically forced. After 1 7 'ife3 ?
tt:'la5 ! White does not manage to
coordinate his forces and comes
under a swift attack.
17 l:ld8!
This pin is the basis of B lack' s
entire strategy. His knight continues
the battle for the key d4 square.
18 g4!?
A move which logically fol lows
from White' s preceding play. He too
professes the principle that the best
form of defence is counterattack,
especially as 1 8 'ii'e 1 is very risky:
1 8 . . . 'ikc5 ! 19 dxc6 'ii'e 3+ 20 �b 1
(20 .:td2 bxc4 with the threats of
2 I . . . l:lxb2 and 2 l . . . c3 ! ) 20 . . . bxc4
21 'Wta l i.f5 22 lt:Jg3 Ihd l + 23
'ii'xd I .:.d8 24 tt:'lxf5+ gxf5 25 'ii'b I
c3 26 i.xa6 (if 26 b3 c2) 26 . . . l:.d2
27 'ii'g l cxb2+ 28 �b l 'it'c3 and
White loses.
18 bxc4!
1 8 . . . hxg4 seems dangerous a H c r
1 28 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

1 9 fxg4 ..txg4 20 l:.g 1 f5 2 1 'ii'e3 ! 'ii'g 6+ <Ji>f8 23 d6 (23 ..txc4 'ii'g 7 ! )

An experienced player does not 2 3 . . . cxd6 2 4 h6 (if 24 l:txd4 exd4 2 5
concede the initiative for the sake of i.xc4, then 2 5 . . . 'ifg7 ! ) 24 . . . ..tf5 25
material gain. h7 i.xg6 26 h8'if+ �f7 27 i.xc4+
19 ttJc3 d5 28 ..txd5+ l:txd5 ! 29 'i'xb8
1 9 gxh5 would have demanded tLle2+ ! 30 ttJxe2 'i'c5+ 3 1 ltJc3
precise calculation on the part of 'i'e3+, and mate next move. This
B lack. He was intending 1 9 . . . tLlb4 entire variation had to be foreseen
(with the threat of 20 . . . tLld3+) 20 when 1 9 . . . hxg4 ! was played, since
ltJc3 i.f5 2 1 ..txc4 'i'c5, when after if there is no mate, Black has to
22 'i'e2 ..td3 ! 23 ..txd3 tLlxa2+ 24 resign.
'lfilc2 l:.xb2+ ! 25 <Ji>xb2 'ifxc3 + 26 After the text move the tempo of
�xa2 l:.b8 27 ..tbS 'ifa5+ 28 <Ji>b3 White's attack is sharply reduced,
lhb5+ 29 'ifxb5 'ifxb5+ and 30 . . . and his position collapses like a
gxh5 he gains a won ending. house of cards.
But what if 22 b3? Then 20 ltJd4
22 . . . lDxd5 ! ! 23 lDxd5 (or 23 ..txd5 The dream of this knight has been
l:.xd5-+) 23 . . . 'ifxc4+! realised - with decisive effect it
And finally, 22 i.b3 ! ? Now after invades on the central square.
22 . . . ttJd3+ 23 �b 1 none of the 21 fxg4 ..txg4
discovered checks wins, but the 22 l:tdfl ltb4
murderous quiet move 22 . . . a5 ! (with 23 h5 l:txc4
the threat of 23 . . . a4 24 ..txa4 ltJxa2 24 hxg6 l:txc3+!
mate) 23 'i'e2 a4 24 i.c4 ..td3 ! 25 25 'ii'xc3
i.xd3 tLlxa2+ 26 �c2 a3 ! 27 l:.b 1 If 25 bxc3 Black wins by 25 . . .
l:hb2+ 28 l:txb2 'i'xc3+ 29 �b 1 'ifa3+ 26 'ifb2 (or 26 <Ji>b l l:tb8+ 27
axb2 3 0 'ii'c 2 l:tb8 puts everything in �a l '' tiJb3+) 26 . . .lDe2+ 27 <Ji>c2
its place - White's position is 'ifxb2+ 28 �xb2 ltJg3 .
hopeless. 25 ttJe2+
19 hxg4 26 <Ji>c2 ltJxc3
20 ..txc4 27 l:th7+ <lfilxg6
Deep calculation was required White resigns: after 28 l:txe7
after 20 h5 g5 2 1 �c2 tLld4 ! 22 tLlxdS his rook is trapped.
1 0 Ki n g 's I n d ia n Defe n ce :
Va riations with ..tg2
1 d4 lLlf6
2 c4 g6
3 g3 i.g7
4 i.g2 d6
Th is is the initial position of the
variation with the kingside fian­
chetto by White - one of the most
com plicated, diverse and dangerous
for Black.
With the flank development of his
bishop White intensifies the
pressure on the centre - the e4 and
d5 squares, takes aim at Black's
queenside, and securely reinforces
h i s k i ngside castled pos ition. He
usually in itiates play in the centre
and on the queenside.
For a certai n time B lack should
mai ntain parity in the centre, and
then after exchan ging . . . exd4 create
piece pressure against it. His arsenal
includes the manoeuvre . . . 'i'b6, the
advance of his pawn to a4, and play
against the white king using the
weakening of the light-square
complex after the fianchetto.
All this promises a complicated,
diverse game with chances for both
sides.
5 tLltJ
This continuation, sometimes
with a transposition of moves,
occurs in the ov erwhe l m in g
majority of games.
We will also consider the set-up
where Wh ite develops his knight at
e2, where it does not restrict the
scope of the i.g2 .
5 tLlc3 � . when White has :
(a) 6 e3 (the point of this move,
developed by Flohr, is that White
firmly reinforces his d4 pawn
without blocking his long-range
bishop; its drawbacks are that it
allows Black great scope on the
kingside and the knight at e2 is
inactive) 6 . . . lbbd7 7 lbge2 e5 8 b3
%:.e8 9 i.a3 (White prevents the
opponent from ach ieving his
planned set-up o f . . . c7-c6 and . . . c 5 -
e4) 9 . . . h5 (threatening . . . c5 -c4,
whereas the immediate 9 . . . c4 c a n he
advantageously answered by I0 g4 ! )
1 0 h3 (essential prophylax i s ; a lkr
1 0 �?! h4 ! 1 1 .U.c I hxg) 12 h x �·. I
I JO An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

ltJg4 1 3 .li.fJ tiJdf6 1 4 l::tc2 e4 1 5 (b3 ) 9 ttJxc6 bxc6 I 0 0-0 ttJd 7 !

.li.g2 .li.f5 1 6 tiJf4 .li.h6 Black built (Black prevents b2-b3 , supporting
up a very strong attack on the king c4) 1 1 ._,c2 'ii'f6 ( l l . . .tiJe5 is also
in Ivkov-Gligoric, Mar del Plata good) 1 2 ttJe2 l::te 8 1 3 l:tb 1 'ii'e 7 1 4
1 95 5 ) 1 O . . a6 (exploiting the fact
. .li.d2 ttJc5 1 5 l;lbe I aS .
that the .li.a3 prevents a2-a4, B lack
initiates play on the queen side) 1 1
dxe5 dxe5 (capturing with the pawn
takes away important central
squares from the ttJe2) 1 2 'ii'c 2 .:tb8
1 3 l:td l b5 . B lack has a good game
(Botvinnik-Smyslov, Moscow 1 954);
(b) 6 e4 e5 7 ttJge2 (if 7 d5 the
active 7 . . ttJh5 ! ? followed by . . . f5-
.

f4 is possible) 7 . . . exd4 (the thematic

move - Black relieves the tension in
the centre in order to create piece
play, exploiting his good develop­
ment; the alternative is 7 . ttJc6, also
.. Black has strong play on the
with adequate counterplay) 8 ttJxd4 queenside (Najdorf-Bronstein,
tiJc6, and now: Budapest 1 950).
(b 1 ) 9 ttJc2 .li.e6 1 0 b3 'ii'd 7 1 1 5 0-0
0-0 .li.h3 1 2 f3 .li.xg2 1 3 �xg2 tiJh5 6 0-0 tiJbd7
1 4 .tb2 f5 with a good game for
B lack (Botvinnik-Yudovich, Lenin­
grad 1 939);
(b2) 9 tiJde2! ? (this move of
Boleslavsky leads to sharp play)
9 . . . ttJe5 (now 9 . . . .li.e6 1 0 b3 'ii'd 7 1 1
0-0 .li.h3 is less strong, since after
1 2 f3 .li.xg2 1 3 �xg2 tiJh5 1 4 .:tb I !
White ' s f4 is securely defended, and
if 1 4 . . . f5 1 5 exf5 B lack does not
have 1 5 . . . ...xf5 in view of 1 6 g4) 1 0
b3 .li.g4 1 1 0-0 tiJf3+ 1 2 �h 1 ttJxe4
1 3 ttJxe4 .li.xa l 1 4 i.h6 .li.e5 ! ? ( 1 4 . . .

i.g7 is dangerous in view of 1 5 7 tiJc3

..t xg7 �xg7 1 6 'ifa t + f6 1 7 h3 .li.h5 White's other possibilities:
I M g4) 1 5 h3 .li.h5 16 tiJf4 tiJh2 1 7 7 e3 (in contrast to Flohr' s
li hh 5 lilxfl oo (analysis by Geller); variation, examined earlier, the ttJfJ
 King 's Indian Defence: Variations with JJ.g2
prevents White from comfortably
controlling e4, which Black can
exploit, establishing a pawn outpost
at e4 with gain of time) 7 . . . eS 8
ltlc3 l:e8 9 b3 c6, and now:
(a) if 1 0 'ifc2, hindering 1 0 . . . e4?
in view of 1 1 lLlgS dS 1 2 cxdS cxdS
1 3 lt:JbS±, Black can play 1 0 . . . a6,
covering bS, or 1 O .. exd4 1 1 ltlxd4
. rook to d l ) 7 . . . eS 8 l:d 1 'ife7
lt:JcS 1 2 iJ.. b 2 aS with counterplay;
(b) 1 0 .tb2 e4 1 1 ltld2 dS 1 2 f3
(after 1 2 cxdS cxdS 1 3 f3 exf3 1 4
'ifxf3 Black can maintain his centre
by 1 4 . . . ltlb6) 1 2 . . . exf3 1 3 'ifxf3 .
The critical position of the
variation. Both sides have carried
out their plans. White is threatening
to capture on dS, as well as to play
e3-e4 with serious pressure.
However, Black has his trumps:
1 3 . . . dxc4 ! (he cannot maintain his
centre - 1 3 . . . lt:Jb6? ! 1 4 cS ! .tg4 I S
'iff4 lt:Jbd7 1 6 e4 ! ±, Cherepkov­
Boleslavsky, USSR 1 9S l ) 1 4 ltlxc4
(if 1 4 bxc4 B lack has the unpleasant
reply 1 4 . . . lt:JcS ! ) 1 4 . . . lt:Jb6 I S lt:JeS
(after 1 S lt:Jxb6 axb6 the a-file is
131
advantageously opened) l S . . . iJ.. e 6 1 6
:ad 1 'ife7 . Black' s pieces are very
harmoniously placed. White has no
targets to attack, and his centre is
more likely to be a weakness than a
strength. B lack's chances are better
(Zak-Simagin, USSR 1 9S2).
7 'ifc2 (White plans to play his
(avoiding the opposition with the
white rook) 9 lt:Jc3 c6 1 0 e4 exd4
(beginning piece p lay against the
white centre) 1 1 ltlxd4 l:.e8 1 2 b3
ltlcS 1 3 f3 (or 1 3 iJ.. b 2 aS 1 4 :d2 hS
1 S ltla4 ltlxa4 1 6 bxa4 ltld7 1 7 lt:Jb3
JJ..x b2 1 8 'ifxb2 ltlb6 with a good
game for Black, Salov-Hjartarson,
Amsterdam 1 99 1 ) 1 3 . . . lt:Jfd7 ( 1 3 . . .
aS ! ?=) 1 4 .:.b l ltleS 1 S ltlce2 a S 1 6
a3 h S (by these pawn thrusts, typical
of this variation, B lack forces White
to weaken his pawn chain on both
flanks) I 7 h4 JJ.. d 7 1 8 JJ.. e3 a4 1 9 b4
ltle6.
The position is one of dynam ic
balance (Salov-Kasparov, I . i n a rt�s
1 99 1 ).
1 32 An Opening Repertoire for the Positiona/ Player
7 e5
8 e4
The strongest and most natural
move. White seizes space and halts
the black e-pawn .
After this B lack is forced sooner
or later to concede the centre (by
. . . exd4), and must then aim to
create piece pressure on White ' s
central pawns. H i s arsenal includes
playing his queen to b6 or aS, the
pawn attacks . . . f7-fS and . . . b7-b5,
and also the advance of his a-pawn.
White ' s other possibilities are:
8 b3 (preparing a post for his
bishop at e3 ) 8 . . . c6 and now:
(a) 9 dxeS (this, with the idea of
invading at d6, does not promise any
advantage) 9 . . . dxe5 I Q ..ie3 'ii'e7!
( B lack takes control of cS, since he
m u st watch carefully for the possi­
b i l ity of White penetrating at d6) I I
'ii' d 2 (or 1 I 'ii' b3 l:te8 1 2 l:Hd l �c5
1 3 'ii' a 3 .i fS ! with a good game)
I I . . li'lc5 12 :.rd I �fe4 1 3 �xe4
. against invasion by the white knight:
li \xc4 1 4 'ifa5 f5 1 5 �d2 �xd2 1 6
l:hd2 'ii' f7 with equality (Smejkal);
(b) 9 d5, when Black gains
standard King's Indian counterplay
by 9 . . . c5 1 0 tt'le i �e8 I I e4 f5 1 2
exf5 gxfS I 3 �d3 'ii'f6 (Karlsson­
Kochiev, Tallinn I 987);
(c) 9 ..ie3 e4 1 0 �d2 d5 (now,
with the bishop at e3 , f2-f3 prom ises
little, and White is unable to develop
sufficient pressure on d5) 11 'ii'b 3
tt'lb6 1 2 cxd5 cxd5 I 3 a4 aS (also
satisfactory is 1 3 . . ..ie6 1 4 aS �c8
.
1 5 'ifxb7 �d6 1 6 'ii'b 3 �f5 with
good play for the pawn) 1 4 :.ac i
..ie6 1 S �b5 l1c8 1 6 :.xc8 tt'lxc8 1 7
l:tc 1 �e8 I 8 ..if4 'ii'd7 I 9 �h2 �e7,
and after . . . �c6 Black gains
attacking chances on the kingside
(analysis by Geller);
(d) 9 e4 (best), transposing into
the main line.
8 b3 (White intends to develop
his bishop on the long diagonal or at
a3 ; however, this plan has the
drawback of weakening his control
of e3) 8 . . . lte8, and now:
(a) 9 e3 c6 1 0 ..ib2 e4 (this
advance .gives Black an excellent
game after almost any other move
by White, e.g. 10 h3 e4 1 1 �d2 d5
1 2 cxdS cxdS 1 3 a4 �f8 14 ..ia3
�e6 1 5 �h2 a6:f, Bischoff-Piket,
Munich 1 989) 1 1 �d2 dS 1 2 f3 exf3
1 3 'ifxf3 , and play transposes to the
7 e3 variation, examined earlier;
(b) 9 'ii'c2 c6 - Black continues to
prepare . . . e5-e4, simultaneously
defending the d5 and b5 squares
(b i ) 1 0 dxe5 dxe5 1 1 �g5 �cS
1 2 l:.d 1 'ii'b 6 1 3 �ge4 �cxe4, and
 King 's Indian Defence: Variations with .i..g2 13 3

the attempt by White to occupy d6 in the centre and against the wh ite
did not achieve anything (Ala­ king) 1 S b4 ltJce4 1 6 bS .i.. d 7 I 7
tortsev-Smyslov, Leningrad 1 94 7); l:tac 1 h4 1 8 a4 hxg3 1 9 hxg3 .
(b2) 1 0 .i.. b 2 (after this the
weakening of White's e3 is felt)
1 0 . . . e4 1 1 lDgS e3 ! 1 2 f4 (if 1 2 fxe3
i.h6 ! ) 1 2 . . . ltJf8, and although it is
clear that the e3 pawn is doomed,
the initiative has passed to Black -
1 3 ltJd 1 dS 1 4 cS .i.. g4 l S lt)f3 .i.. xf3
1 6 l:.xf3 ltJg4 1 7 h3 ltJh6 1 8 l:.xe3
ltJfS 1 9 l:td3 ltJe6 20 'iWd2 hS 2 1 h4
.i.. h 6 with more than enough play for
the pawn - in some cases the
sacrifice at h4 or g3 is threatened
(Szapiel-Geller, Szczawno Zdroj
1 9SO); We are following lllustrative
(b3) 1 0 l:td 1 e4 1 1 ltJgS e3 ! 1 2 Game No. l l (Timman-Kasparov,
fxe3 ( 1 2 .i.. xe3? l:txe3 ! 1 3 fxe3 Tilburg 1 99 1 ) where the tactical
ltJg4+) 1 2 . . . ltJf8 1 3 e4 'ile7 1 4 e3 blow 1 9 . . . ltJxf2 ! gave Black a great
.i..h 6 ! 1 S ltJf3 ltJxe4 1 6 lDxe4 'ilxe4 advantage.
1 7 'i'xe4 l:txe4 1 8 ltJgS l:te8 ! 1 9 8 c6
ltJe4 l:td8. Black has successfully re­
grouped and has equalised (Geller).
8 'ilc2 (White wants to post his
rook at d 1 , while managing without
b2-b3 ) 8 . . . c6 9 l:td 1 'ile7 1 0 b3 ( 1 0
e4 transposes into the Salov­
Kasparov game examined earlier; by
closing the centre, White allows his
opponent play on the kingside - 1 0
dS cS 1 1 e4 ltJe8 1 2 lDe 1 fS 1 3 f3 hS
14 ltJd3 h4, F.Gonzales-Bernal,
Spain 1 996) 1 0 . . . exd4 (beginning
play on the e-file) 1 1 ltJxd4 l:te8 1 2
i.b2 ltJcS 1 3 e3 aS 1 4 a3 h S (note The most flexible continuation.
Black' s handling of the position - Black, firstly, retains the option of
with typical pawn thrusts he restricts various plans, and, secondly,
the mobility of the white pawn immediately opens the way for his
chains and begins active piece play queen to active posts at aS or b6.
1 34 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
9 h3
Taking g4 away from the black
knight, White prepares to develop
his bishop at e3 . At one time Bot­
vinnik thought that this move was a
waste of a tempo, and he preferred
the immediate 9 �e3. However, in
the 1 4th game of his first match with
Smyslov ( 1 954) B lack found a
convincing reply to this: 9 . . . lt:Jg4 1 0
�gS 'ii'b 6 1 1 h3 exd4 ! 1 2 lt:Ja4 'ii'a6
1 3 hxg4 bS 1 4 li:Jxd4 (or 1 4 �e7
:.e8 1 S �xd6 bxa4 1 6 eS cS ! 1 7 b4
- 1 7 li:Jxd4 lt:JxeS 1 8 �xeS �xeS 1 9
�xa8 �xd4� - 1 7 . . .cxb4 1 8 'ii'xd4
�b7 with a complicated game in
which B lack has good chances,
Yusupov-Kasparov, Linares 1 992)
14 . . . bxa4 1 5 lt:Jxc6 •xc6 1 6 eS
'ii'xc4 1 7 �xa8 lt:JxeS and in a sharp
game Smyslov gained
advantage.
If 9 b3, then 9 . 'ii' b 6 is the most
. .
accurate, transposing into the main
line after 1 0 h3 , since 1 0 �b2 gives
Black a comfortable game: 1 0 . . . l:.e8
1 1 l:.e 1 exd4 1 2 li:Jxd4 li:JcS 1 3 ..,c2
lt:Jg4 (or 1 3 . . . a5 ! ?) 1 4 l:tad l li:JeS I S
li:Jde2 �g4 1 6 l:txd6 li:Jf3+ 1 7 �xf3
�xf3 with excellent play for the
pawn . An important defender of the
king, the �g2, has been exchanged,
and in view of the position of the
rook at d6 it is difficult. to dislodge
its opposite num ber from f3 - 18
li:Jd4? 'ii'c 7 ! (J Horvath W Watson
. - . ,
Budapest 1 989).
The immediate closing of the
centre by 9 d5 favours Black, who
occupies the open c-fi le: 9 . cxdS I 0
. .
cxdS li:JcS 1 1 'ii'c 2 aS 1 2 li:Jd2 b6 1 3
li:Jb3 �a6 1 4 l:.d 1 li:Jcd7 1 S a4 l:tc8
with at least equal chances (Bot­
vinnik-Bronstein, Moscow 1 945).
If 9 'ii'cl the simplest is 9 . . l:.e8
.
1 0 l:td 1 ..,e7, transposing into the
Salov-Kasparov game.
9 l:tbl is a dangerous move,
aimed against possible actions by
the black queen on the queenside.
But here too Black can reckon on
counterplay: 9 . . . exd4 1 0 li:Jxd4 aS ! ?
( 1 O l:te8 1 1 h3 ! allows White to
...
transpose into a well-known posi­
tion from the 9 h3 l:te8 variation,
which gives him a slight advantage)
1 1 f3 li:JcS 1 2 �e3 l:te8 1 3 'ii'd 2 a4
1 4 l:tfd 1 li:Jfd 7 1 5 li:Jde2 � f8
(despite its apparent weakness, the
d6 pawn in the King' s Indian is a
the ' tough nut', and it is almost impos­
sible to win it by frontal attack) 1 6
li:Jf4 'ii'e 7 1 7 li:Jd3 li:Jxd3 1 8 'ii'xd3
li:JeS 1 9 1i'e2 .ie6 and B lack already
has the more active game (Novak­
Boller, Klatovg 1 996).
9 ...b6
 King 's Indian Defence: Variations with i.g2 11S

Black immediately puts pressure idea of i.e3 ; less accurate i s I 5 l:tb I

on d4 and threatens the tactical liJhS 1 6 i.e3 'ii'b 4, when all the
stroke 1 0 . . . exd4 l l liJxd4 liJxe4 ! At same he has to play 17 'ife2 - it
the same time he sets his sights on transpires that 1 S l:.b 1 is a loss of
the c4 pawn (after . . . 'ii'b 4). time, Botvinnik-Tal, Moscow 1 960)
10 l:te1 1 S . . . liJe8 ( l S . . . aS ! ? is also good) 1 6
The most popular reply. Let us i.e3 'ii'b4 ! ?
also consider White's alternatives:
10 dxe5 (relieving the tension in
the centre gives little - Black
obtains a convenient outpost at d4,
and his queen can switch to e7 via
cS or b4) l O . . . dxeS 1 1 'ife2 (or 1 1 a3
'ii'c S 1 2 'ii'e2 'ii'e 7 1 3 i.e3 liJcS 1 4
'ifc2 liJhS 1 S b4 liJe6 1 6 :tfd 1 fS
with sufficient counterplay, Donner­
Tal, B led 1 96 1 ) l l . . .liJe8! (planning
to play the knight via c7 and e6 to
d4) 1 2 Ji.e3 'ii'b4 1 3 cS b6 (im­
mediately taking measures against
the bind on the queenside) 1 4 a3 Black's chances are not worse -
'ii'b 3 1 S liJd2 'ii'e 6 1 6 l:.fd l liJc7 1 7 he controls the c-file and . . . f7-f5 is
cxb6 i.a6 with a good game for on the agenda.
B lack (Najdorf-Bronstein, Moscow If 1 0 l:tb1 the simplest is
1 9S6). 1 0 . .'i'b4 ( 1 O . . .exd4 1 1 liJxd4 liJxe4
.

10 d5 (White counts on gaining a leads to complicated play with

tempo by attacking the queen with slightly the better chances for
i.e3) l O . . . cxdS 1 1 cxdS liJcS 1 2 White) 11 dxeS dxeS (or
liJe 1 (neither 1 2 l:.e 1 i.d7 1 3 l:tb 1 1 1 . . .liJxeS ! ?) 1 2 'ii'e2 liJe8 1 3 a3
aS 1 4 i.fl :.res 1 S i.e3 'ifd8 1 6 'ii'e 7 1 4 i.gS f6 I S i.e3 liJc7 1 6 b4
liJd2 liJe8, Gheorghiu-Jansa. B ucha­ fS with counterplay (analysis by
rest 1 968, nor 1 2 'ifc2 i.d7 1 3 i.e3 Boleslavsky and Lepeshkin).
aS promises White any advantage; 10 b3 is unpromising in view of
with the text move he intends to 1 0 . . . exd4 1 1 liJa4 'i'aS (or
exchange the liJcS, but the loss of l l . . .'i'c7) 12 liJxd4 l:te8 1 3 :.e 1
time involved allows B lack liJcS ( 1 3 . . . liJb6 is also good enough
successfully to develop his forces) to maintain equality) 1 4 liJxcS dxc S
1 2 . . . i.d7 1 3 liJd3 liJxd3 1 4 'ii'xd3 I S i.d2 'ifc7 1 6 liJc2 liJd7 with a
l:tfc8 1 S 'ii'e 2 (after defending the b2 comfortable game for Black
pawn White intends to carry out his (G.Kuzmin-Geller, Moscow 1 9H I ) .
1 36 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

The attempt to refute the queen 10 exd4

move to b6 by tactical means After surrendering the centre,
achieves little: 10 c5 dxc5 1 1 dxe5 Black begins piece play against it.
lbe8 1 2 lba4 'i'a6 ( 1 2 . . . 'ii'b 5 ! ? is a If 10 J:r.e8 White can gain a
••

good alternative, with the idea of slight advantage by 1 1 d5, or else

attacking the white e5 pawn after transpose into the main line by 1 1
. . c5-c4, as in Yusupov-Dolmatov,
. :.e2, so that Black has nothing
Wijk aan Zee 1 99 1 ) 1 3 .i.f4 (also better than 1 0 . . exd4.
.

harmless is 1 3 .i.g5 5 14 lbc3 lbc7 11 lbxd4 :.es

1 5 .i.e7 :.es 1 6 .i.d6 lbe6, Hilbner­
Kasparov, Dortmund 1 992) 1 3 . . .
liJc7 (the knight manoeuvre t o e6 is
typical of the given structure) 1 4
'ifc2 liJe6 1 5 :.fd l l:te8 ! (a precise
move, combining prophylaxis with
pressure on e5) 1 6 l:td6?! (better 1 6
liJc3 , maintaining approximate
equality; the rook move allows
Black to seize the initiative)
1 6 . . . 'it'a5 1 7 l:tad 1 ( 1 7 liJc3 c4+)
1 7 . . . liJb6 ! 1 8 lbxb6 (if 1 8 liJc3 lbc4
followed by . . . b7-b5; the l:.d6 is out
of play) 1 8 . . . axb6 1 9 a3 'i'a4. The critical position of the
variation, where White has to parry
the tactical threat of . . . liJg4 . His
main continuations are:
12 lba4� (the most radical way of
preventing the knight move)
1 2 . . . 'ii'c 7 13 ..tf4 liJe5 1 4 'ifc2 b6
1 5 .i.e3 .i.b7 1 6 J:ad 1 a6, and White
must now concern himself with
parrying the threats of . . . c6-c5 and
. . . b6-b5 (Ivkov-Geller, Skopje
1 969).
12 l:.e2 liJg4 (not 1 2 . . . lbe5 1 3 b3
..txh3 on account of 1 4 lba4; also
B lack stands clearly better - the unfavourable is 1 2 . . .liJxe4 1 3 liJxe4
c5 pawn is weak and White does not 'ifxd4 - 1 3 . . . ..txd4 1 4 ..tf4;!; - 1 4
have any obvious compensation ..te3 ! 'ii'xd 1 + I 5 l:.xd 1 , when White
( Y usupov- K asparov Linares 1 990).
, regains his pawn with the better
 King 's Indian Defence: Variations with i.. g2 1 37

position) 1 3 .:.d2 (or 13 lL!c2 lL!geS Game 11 (p. 1 33 )

14 lL!e3 lL!cS 1S .:ld2 i.. e 6! ? with a Timman-Kasparov
double-edged game) 13 . . . lL!geS 14 Tilburg 1 991
b3 lL!cS , and now:
(a) 1S .:le2 lL!e6 16 lL!xe6 i..xe6 1 d4 lLlf6
1 7 i.. e3 'ii'aS 1 8 :le1 lL!xc4+ and 2 c4 g6
White lost quickly (Lymar-Slavina, 3 lL!f3 i.. g7
Y alta 1996); 4 g3 0--{t
(b) 1S l:lc2 aS ! with a 5 i.. g2 d6
complicated position where both 6 0--{t lL!bd7
sides have chances (Smejkal, Stohl); 7 lL!c3 e5
(c) 1 S lL!ce2 aS (also interesting is 8 'iic 2
1 5 . .i.xh3 ! ? 1 6 .i.xh3 lL!xe4 with
. . The main continuation 8 e4 IS
fine counterplay) 1 6 i.. b 2 a4 1 7 .:tb 1 examined in the analysis.
axb3 1 8 axb3 h5 1 9 �h2 lL!ed7 20 8 c6
'ii'c 2 lL!a6 21 .:la 1 lL!dcS 22 i.. c 3 9 .:ld 1 'iie7
lL!b4 23 'ii'b 1 .:xa 1 24 .i.xa1 lL!ba6 , 10 b3
and in Lengyei-Geller (Budapest The alternative is 10 e4. After
1 969) a draw was agreed, as White ' s 1 0 . . l:te8 1 1 .i.e3 exd4 12 lL!xd4
.

forces are tied to the defence o f the lL!g4 1 3 .i.f4 lL!ge5 1 4 b3 tt:JcS 1 5 h3
b3 pawn; lL!e6 1 6 lL!xe6 i.. xe6 1 7 i.. e 3 fS this
(d) 1 S lL!de2 .i.xh3 ! ? (Black led to a double-edged game with
carries out one of the typical ideas chances for both sides in Ma1anyuk­
of this variation) 1 6 .i.xh3 lL!f3+ 1 7 V.Dim itrov (Nis 1 996).
<lt>g2 lL!xd2 1 8 .i.xd2 lL!xe4 1 9 lL!xe4 10 exd4
l:lxe4 20 l:tc 1 .:tae8 2 1 .i.e3 .:xe3 ! 11 lDxd4 l:te8
22 fxe3 'iix e3 . The destruction of Black intensifies the pressure on
the white king ' s pawn screen and the e-file.
the three pawns for the knight al low 12 i.. b 2 lDc5
B l ack to face the future with 13 e3 a5
optimism (Kazakov-Nietzsche, corr. 14 a3 h5
1 988). B lack is ready to parry the
1 2 t2lc2 aS (or 1 2 ... t2le5 1 3 b3 opponent's pressure on the
.i.e6 with counterplay) 1 3 .:tb 1 t2lc5 queenside, and now plans act ion on
1 4 .i.e3 �c7 1 5 .i.f4 .i.f8 1 6 b3 h6 the kingside.
1 7 t2ld4 .ltg7 1 8 'iic 2 .lid7 1 9 1:.ed I 15 b4 �ce4
�adS. B l ack has successful ly This active kn i ght move i n t o t hl·
regrouped and can count on centre is pos si bl e tha n k s t o t hl·
approximate equality (Khalifman­ timely . . . :es .
Cvitan, Vienna 1 996). Black ' s entire p l a y forms a ""l i d .
1 38 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

logical chain, where each move is an counterattack. After 22 .:.d2 (or 22

important l ink. l:td3 ) 22 . . . l2Jxc4 White ' s problems
16 b5 �d7 are obvious.
17 l:tacl h4 22 �xd4
18 a4 23 l2Jd5!?
White is carried away with his This is the idea of White' s
offensive on the queenside and counterplay. After 23 . . . cxd5 24
overlooks that Black is ready to �xd4 Black finds himself in a
burst open the situation on the difficult position, but Kasparov has
kingside. 1 8 l2Jxe4 was a tougher foreseen everything.
defence. 23 l2Jg4+!
18 hxg3 24 �xd4 'ii'x e1 +
19 hxg3 25 l:txe1 lbel+
26 �n cxd5
27 'ii'xd5 llae8
The tactical skirmish has died
down and B lack remains with a
clear advantage - here the two rooks
are more dangerous than the queen.
28 .i.f2 .i.e6!
Exchanging the b7 pawn for the
c4 pawn.
29 'ii'x b7 l:.ct
30 'ifc6 l:tc8
B lack's pieces coordinate
splendidly, preventing White from
19 lDxf2 ! attacking his forces.
An excellent blow, which 31 'ii'e4 l:.8xc4
demanded of B lack an accurate 32 'ii' a8+ �h7
appraisal of the position . 33 b6 l:.b4
20 'ii' x f2 34 'ii'xa5
20 �xf2 would have been met by Desperation, but there was no
the same move as in the game. longer anything to be done. 34 b7
20 l2Jg4 l:.bb 1 would have led to mate.
21 1Wf3 l2Jxe3 34 l:.bb1
22 l:te 1 35 �g2 l:.c2
Timman pins his hopes on a White resigns
11 King's Indian Defence :
C lassical Variation
1 d4 liJf6
2 c4 g6
3 lt:l c3 �g7
4 e4 d6
5 liJf3 � centre, since 7 d5 lt:\g4 allows Black
6 � e2
White plays the opening in full
accordance with classical principles,
creating a broad pawn centre and
then without delay developing his
kingside pieces, preparing to castle.
His plans mainly involve activity in
the centre and on the queenside.
B lack, in turn, aims to hinder his
opponent' s p lay on the queenside
and to gain counterplay on the
kingside.
Other attempts by White to gain
an advantage are:
6 � e3 (Larsen ' s move; White
does not fear 6 . . . lt:\g4, as after 7
..tg5 it is not easy for Black to find
the optimum set-up) 6 . . . e5 ! (after
this reply White has practical ly no
choice and must exchange in the
to begin active play on the kingside)
7 dxe5 dxe5 8 'ii'x d8 l:txd8 9 liJd5 (9
lbxe5 is met by the typical 9 . . .
lt:lxe4 ! ) 9 . . . l:.d7 ! 1 0 lbxf6+ (after 1 0
lt:lxe5? lbxd5 1 1 lbxd7 lbxe3 White
loses; Tal-Giigoric, Belgrade 1 968,
went 1 0 0-0-0 lt:lc6 1 1 ..td3 lt:\g4 1 2
.i.c5 lt:ld4 with a draw, but i n Tal ' s
opinion B lack already has the more
pleasant position) 1 o . . . ..txf6 1 1 c5
lt:lc6 12 ..tb5 l:td8 13 ..txc6 bxc6 1 4
lbd2 (or 1 4 l:td 1 ..ta6 1 5 l:txd8+
:txd8 1 6 liJd2 ..te7 and B lack' s
chances are not worse, Barbero­
Khalifman, Plovdiv 1 986) 1 4 . . . %lb8
1 5 0-0--0 .ll e 6 1 6 b3 .ll e 7 1 7 lbb 1
f5 (Rivas-Lukin, Leningrad 1 984). It
is hard for White to count on
anything - Black ' s two bishops and
harmonious piece placing give him a
good game.
6 h3 is exam ined in Chapter 1 2 -
cf. 5 h3 (the Makogonov Variation ).
6 .ll g5 (directed against e7-e 5 )
. . .
6 . . . h6 (an alternative i s 6 . ..tg4 ! ? 7
. .
.ll e2 lt:lfd7 8 d5 lt:lb6 ! 9 liJd2 i.. xc2
10 'ti'xe2 liJ8d7 1 1 0-0 c6 1 2 1'4 llc H
1 3 :tf3 'ii'e 8 1 4 l:te l e6, and B l a c k
breaks u p his opponent ' s Cl' n t n· .
1 40 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
Uhlmann-Stein, Mar del Plata 1 966)
7 .i.h4 (7 .i.f4 allows Black to gain
a tempo after 7 . . . l0c6, and if 8 d5
e5 9 ..li.e3 l0d4 ! , temporarily sacri­
ficing a pawn with an excel lent
game, Khasin-Tal , Hastings 1 963/4)
7 . . . g5 8 ..li.g3 !OhS 9 ..li.e2 e6 (pre­
paring . . . f7- f5) 1 0 d5 f5 1 1 l0d4
l0xg3 1 2 hxg3 fxe4 1 3 l0xe6 ..li.xe6
1 4 dxe6 ..li.xc3+ ( 1 4 . . . 'ii'f6= is also
good) 1 5 bxc3 'ii'f6.
We are following the game
Uhlmann-Fischer (Havana 1 966).
The position is double-edged with
roughly equal chances. After I 6 e7
l:.e8 (weak is I 6 . . ....xf2+ 1 7 �d2
l:.e8 1 8 l:.xh6 when the black king is
in danger) I 7 l:.c I l0a6 I 8 'Wd4
1i'g7 the evaluation has not changed
- White has the inferior pawn
structure, but on the other hand his
king is better defended, and both
sides have chances.
6 eS
Black' s main reply. Relying on
tactical possibilities, he immediately
strikes a blow in the centre.
Now White faces a choice: 7 dS
( 1 1 . 1), 7 .i.e3 ( 1 1 .2) and finally the
most popular 7 � (1 1.3).
Little is promised by 7 i. gS in
view of 7 . . . h6 8 .i.h4 (if 8 i.x.f6
'ii'xf6 9 l0d5 'ii'd 8 I 0 dxe5 dxe5 I I
0-0 P.Orlov-Sahovic, Pancevo
1 985, when according to Karpov
I I . . . c6 1 2 l0e3 'ii'e 7=F favours Black
- his bishops may become very
active) 8 . . . 'ii'e 8 ! ? (a typical man­
oeuvre - Black breaks the pin and
plans to play his knight from f6 to
f4) 9 d5_,l0h5 1 0 0-0 l0f4 l i l0d2
aS 1 2 f3 l0a6 I 3 l:.b i .i.d7 I 4 b3 f5
(Stempin-Kir.Georgiev, Prague
I 985). Black has harmoniously
deployed his forces, hindering his
opponent's play on the queenside,
and is ready for activity on the
kingside.
The exchange 7 dxeS dxe5 8
'i'xd8 l:.xd8 also does not promise
any advantage:
(a) 9 l0xe5? l0xe4 ! (the tactical
j ustification of 6 . . . e5) I O l0xe4
i.xe5 I I 0-0 l0c6 with an excellent
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation
game for Black (Sanchez-Geller,
Stockholm 1 9S2);
(b) 9 ltJdS :d7 ! ? (also good is
9 ltJxdS 1 0 cxdS c6 1 1 J.. c4 cxdS
. . .
I 2 J.. x dS ltJc6=) 1 0 ltJxeS ltJxdS 1 1
ltJxd7 ltJb4 1 2 ltJxb8 ltJc2+ 1 3 <ia>d 1
ltJxa 1 1 4 .tf4 J.. xb2 ! 1 S J.. xc7 aS
with the idea of . . . aS-a4 and . . . ltJb3
with good tactical chances for
Black;
(c) 9 .tgS l:te8 (also good is 9 . . . c6
or Shirov ' s original idea of
9 .Uf8 ! ?) 1 0 ltJdS ( 1 0 0--0-0 is
. . .
adequately met by 1 0 . . . ltJa6 1 1 ltJe 1
c6 1 2 ltJc2 ltJcS 1 3 t3 aS 1 4 b3
ltJfd7 1 S J.. e 3 J.. f8 with simple
equality, Hebert-Gufeld, New York
1 989) 1 0 . . . ltJxdS 1 1 cxdS c6 1 2 J.. c4
cxdS 1 3 J.. x dS ltJd7 1 4 ltJd2 ( 1 4
.Uc 1 h6 1 S J.. e 3 ltJf6 does not give
White any advantage, Teschner­
Fischer, Stockholm 1 962) 1 4 . . . ltJcS
1 S 0--0-0 ltJe6 1 6 J.. e 3 ltJf4 1 7
J.. xf4 exf4 1 8 t3 J.. e 6 with an equal
endgame (P.Cramling-Gallagher,
B iel 1 99 1 ).
11.1 (1 d4 ltJf6 l c4 g6 3 ltJcJ
.i.g7 4 e4 d6 5 ltJf3 0-{) 6 J.. el
eS)
7 dS
After seizing space in the centre,
White plans a pawn offensive on the
queenside. However, Black can
regard such an early stabilisation of
the centre as a definite achievement.
He gains the opportunity to
temporarily occupy cS, halting the
opponent's offensive, and to prepare
141
the traditional counterplay on the
kingside with . . . fl-fS .
7 aS
This continuation, developed by
Stein and Geller, is considered the
best reply to White's set-up. Black
hinders the development of White ' s
initiative on the queenside and
begins a battle for the cS square.
8 .i.gS
The initial move of the variation
developed by the ninth World
Champion, Tigran Petrosian. By
pinning the ltJf6, White hinders
B lack's play on the kingside.
White' s other possibilities:
8 .i.eJ ltJg4 9 J.. g S (9 .i.d2 can be
met by 9 . . . ltJa6 1 0 0-0 .i.d7 1 1 ltJe 1
hS 1 2 t3 ltJh6 1 3 ltJd3 b6 1 4 'irc 1
�h7 1 S J.. g S 'ire8 1 6 J.. e 3 fS with a
double-edged game, Sofrevski­
Drazic, Kladovo 1 99 1 ) 9 . . . f6 1 0
J.. h 4 (if 1 0 .td2 the simplest is
IO . ltJa6, as after 9 J.. d 2) 1 0 . . . ltJa6
. .
( 1 0 . . . 1i'e8 ! ? 1 1 ltJd2 fS comes into
consideration, with the idea of
quickly creating play on the
1 42 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
kingside) 1 1 ll:ld2 (or 1 1 h3 ll:lh6 1 2
ll:ld2 i.d7 1 3 f3 'ii'e 8 1 4 b3 f5 1 5
:b 1 fxe4 1 6 ltJdxe4 ll:lf5 and the
weakness of the dark squares in
White' s position gives the opponent
equal chances, Petrosian-Quinteros,
Vinkovci 1 970) l l . . .h5 1 2 a3 i.d7
1 3 h3 ll:lh6 1 4 l:tb 1 ltJc5 1 5 b4 axb4
1 6 axb4 ltJa4 1 7 'ifc2 ltJxc3 1 8
'ii'xc3 g5 1 9 i.g3 h4 20 i.h2 f5 and
White already encounters problems
(Bareev-Kasparov, Tilburg 1 99 1 ).
8 h4 ltJa6 9 ltJd2 ltJc5 I 0 h5
(Kouatly-Kasparov, Paris 1 99 1 , took
an interesting course: I 0 g4 ! ? a4 1 1
h5 gxh5 1 2 g5 ltJg4 1 3 ltJfl f5 1 4 f3
ltJf2 ! 1 5 'it>xf2 fxe4, and thanks to
the open position of the white king
and the great activity of his pieces,
Black has excellent compensation
for the material sacrificed) 1 0 . . .
ltJxh5 ! ? ( 1 0 . . .1Wd7 i s satisfactory;
attacking the centre with I O . c6 ! ? ..
also looks thematic - 1 1 g4 'ii'b6 1 2
f3 a4 ! 1 3 ltJfl cxd5 1 4 cxd5 i.d7 1 5
ltJe3 , Aleksandrov-Iskustnykh, St
Petersburg 1 996, and after 1 5 . . .
l:fb8 ! ? L\ . . . b7-b5 White has prob­
lems in finding a plan) 1 1 i.xh5
ll:ld3+ 1 2 <itt fl gxh5 1 3 1Wxh5 h6 1 4
'ife2 ltJxc 1 1 5 :xc 1 f5 ( Aleksan­
drov-Sakaev, Singapore 1 99 1 ).
B lack has completely_ solved his
problems and has begun active play.
8 ll:ld2 ltJa6 9 :b 1 (9 h4 trans­
poses into the previous variation)
9 . . . ltJc5 1 0 b3 c6 1 1 0--0 i.d7 1 2
:e 1 :c8 1 3 a3 i.h6 1 4 i.fl (Lev­
Shirov, London 1 99 1 ), when Black
could have gained adequate play by
1 4 . . . i.f4 ! ? 1 5 b4 axb4 1 6 axb4 ltJa6
1 7 i.a3 ltJg4 1 8 ltJf3 'ifb6 ! ?
8 0-0 usually transposes.
8 h6
9 i.h4 ll:la6
10 ll:ld2
The most topical continuation.
We wil l also examine 10 0-0 'ii' e 8
1 1 ltJe I , where White aims to play
his knight to d3 to support his
queenside pawn offensive. The
drawback is that he loses control of
e4, which Black can exploit by 1 1 . . .
ltJc5 ! ? 1 2 i.xf6 ( 1 2 f3 ltJh5 gives
B lack a comfortable game with
attacking chances; therefore White
exchanges the ltJf6, which could
have gone to f4) 1 2 . . . i.xf6 1 3 i.g4
i.xg4 1 4 'ii'xg4 i.d8 ! 1 5 1We2 c6 1 6
:d 1 i.c7 with complete equality
(I.Ivanov-Benjamin, USA 1 990).
Black' s bishop has cleared the way
for the f-pawn and at c7 it securely
defends his only weakness, freeing
his hands for play on the flanks.
10 'ii'e8
Breaiing the pin. lO hS!? is in­
•••
teresting here, when after the natural
1 1 0--0 Black gains good counter­
play by 1 1 . . . i.h6 ! 1 2 f3 (the bishop
was in danger) 1 2 . . . i.e3+ 1 3 'it>h l
g5 . In Lemer-Uhlmann (Berlin
1 989) White did not find anything
better and played 1 1 i.g5, but 1 1 . . .
'ii'e 8 1 2 a3 i.d7 1 3 b3 ltJh7 1 4 i.e3
h4 1 5 'ii'c 2 f5 1 6 f3 i.f6 gave B lack
good counter-chances. However,
this plan is possible only after 1 0
ltJd2, and by 1 0 0--0 'ii' e 8 1 1 ltJd2
White can easily transpose into the
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation
main line. We have drawn the
reader' s attention to this fact, so that
he can exploit White's micro-in­
accuracy in the event of 1 0 �d2 hS !
11 0-0
If White saves a tempo by not
castling and aims for immediate
queenside activity, B lack gains
counterplay by seizing space on the
kingside: 1 1 a3 .td7 1 2 b3 �h7 1 3
f3 (the dark-square bishop at h4
often feels uncomfortable) 1 3 . . . hS
1 4 l:r.b 1 .th6 1 S .tf2 'it'e7 1 6 h4
( White prevents the standard plan of
. . . hS-h4 and . . . 'it'gS ; he can also
consider an immediate queenside
offensive - 1 6 b4 axb4 1 7 axb4 h4 !
1 8 Wc2 'tWgS 1 9 l::g l c6 20 cS �f6
2 1 dxc6 bxc6 with a double-edged
position, Rossiter-Gallagher, Eng­
land 1 987) 1 6 . . . �cS 1 7 'it'c2 fS 1 8
b4 axb4 1 9 axb4 �a4, again with
lively play over the entire front
(Speelman-J.Polgar, Holland 1 99 1 ).
11 �h7
12 a3 i.d7
13 b3
1 43
The critical position of the
variation. Black has a choice
between the sharp 1 3 . . . f5 ! ? and the
quieter 1 3 . . . hS .
After 13 f5 1 4 exfS (or 1 4 f3
.•.
�f6 I S exfS gxfS 1 6 1Wc2 c6 1 7
l:r.ad l �hS 1 8 g3 �c7 with
approximate equality, Damljanovic­
Kir.Georgiev, Kacak 1 996) Black
again has a good choice:
(a) 14 . . . .txfS I S g4 ! ? ( I S l:r.e l ? !
gS 1 6 .tg3 �f6 1 7 �fl �S 1 8
�e3 .tg6 gives Black the initiative,
Timman-Westerinen, Geneva 1 977)
I S . . . e4 16 l:r.c l e3 1 7 fxe3 ( 1 7 gxfS
exd2 1 8 'it'xd2 �S 1 9 Wd I l:.xfS is
insufficient for giving White an ad­
vantage, Av .Bykhovsky-Belov, Pula
1 988) 1 7 . . . 1Wxe3+ 1 8 .tf2 'tWgS with
a double-edged game (Khenkin­
Shirov, USSR 1 988);
(b) 14 ... gxf5 ! ? (a striking idea
introduced by Kasparov, involving
an exchange sacrifice) I S .thS Wc8
1 6 .te7 l:r.e8 ! (in this way Black
gains an important tempo in the
attack - the .te7 is threatened) 1 7
.txe8 1i'xe8 1 8 .th4 e4 1 9 'it'c2
(later it was found that 1 9 l:r.c I �cS
20 l:r.c2 ! is more accurate, Naumkin­
A.Kuzmin, Moscow 1 989, but here
too after 20 . . . �f6 2 1 �e2 �hS
B lack has compensation for the
exchange - the powerful .tg7, the
d3 square and the activity of his
minor pieces) 19 ... 'it'hS 20 .tg3 l:r.f8
(Yusupov-Kasparov, Barcelona
1 989). Black' s forces are very act i v e
and accuracy is required of W h i t e i n
defence.
1 44 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

We will also consider 13 h5 •••

(threatening . . . g6-g5 ) 1 4 f.3 ( 1 4 h3 ,

to avoid weakening e3 , led in Bukic­
Geller, Budva 1 967, to some advan­
tage for Black after 1 4 . . . .i.h6 1 5
:b 1 lDc5 1 6 b4 axb4 1 7 axb4 lDa4
1 8 lDxa4 :xa4 1 9 Wc2 b6 - White's
e4 is insufficiently well defended)
1 4 . . . .i.h6, and now:
(a) 1 5 :b l .i.e3+ 1 6 .i.f2 .i.xf2+
1 7 :Xf2 We7 1 8 b4 axb4 1 9 axb4 c5
and after the exchange of dark­
square bishops Black maintains the
balance (Zlotnik-A.Kuzmin, Buda­ The initial move of a variation
pest 1 989); proposed by Gligoric. Deferring
(b) 1 5 Jtf2 We7 ! 16 Wc2 h4 ! 1 7 castling for the moment, White
l:tab l Jtf4 1 8 :fd 1 Wg5 1 9 Jlfl reserves for himself the option of an
lDf6 and by typical means Black attack on the kingside. However, the
achieves the better game (Tukma­ position of the bishop at e3 is not
kov-Magerramov, Moscow 1 983); very secure, allowing B lack to
(c) 1 5 q.,h 1 , when Black has: exploit this factor and gain time by
(c l ) 1 5 . . . lDc5 1 6 ltb l f5 1 7 Wc2 . . . l2Jg4.
(not 1 7 b4? ! axb4 1 8 aJ,(.b4 lDa4 ! , 7 c6
seizing the initiative) 1 7 . . . lDf6 1 8 b4 A useful move, by which B lack
axb4 1 9 axb4 lDa4 20 lDb5 ! and takes control of d5 and in some
White retains the sl ight opening cases prepares the freeing advance
advantage resulting from the right of . . . d 6--d5 .

th e first move, but not more . . .7 exd4 is a good alternative -

(Naumkin- Trap I, Namestovo 1 987); cf. Illustrative Game No. l2
(c2) 1 5 . Wb8 ! ? (an interesting (Gelfand-Topalov, Linares 1 997).
. .

idea of Judith Polgar) 16 Wc2 Jte3 8 d5

1 7 l:tae 1 'tlfa7 1 8 lbd 1 .i cS 1 9 We t
l:lae8 20 .id3 c6 wjth counterplay
(Kramn ik-Nunn, Germany 1 994).
1 1 .2 (1 d4 lbf6 2 c4 g6 3 lbc3
..tg7 4 e4 d6 5 lbt3 � 6 .ie2
e5)
7 .ie3
The most popular continuation.
White blocks the centre, transferring
the weight of the struggle to the
flanks.
After 8 dxe5 dxe5 9 Wxd8 llxd8
1 0 lbxe5 lbxe4 1 1 l2Jxe4 Jtxe5 1 2
.i g 5 lld4 1 3 l2Jd 2 Jtg7 the ending is
not dangerous for Black (Chekhov­
Uhlmann, Polanica Zdroj 1 98 1 ).
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation 145

I f 8 0-0 B lack carries out the idea despite the (temporary) l o ss of n

mentioned above of relieving the pawn, Black completely seized the
central tension : 8 . . . exd4 9 �xd4 (or initiative on the queenside (Lal ic­
9 .i.xd4 l:te8 1 0 'ii'c 2, Tal­ Topalov, Yerevan 1 996).
Dvoretsky, Leningrad 1 974, and 8 �a6
now 1 0 . . . 'ii'e 7 ! ? 1 1 l:tfe l c5 would B lack aims to hinder as far as
have given Black counterplay - Tal) possible White ' s queenside play.
9 ... l:te8 10 f3 (if 1 0 'ii'c 2 B lack 9 �2 �e8
provokes t2-f3 by 1 0 . . . 'ii'e 7) 1 0 . . . d5 Preparing . . f7-f5 .
.

1 1 cxd5 cxdS 1 2 'ii'b 3 dxe4 1 3 .i.c4 10 0-0 f5

:rs 1 4 l:tad l 'ii'e 7 1 5 fxe4 �c6 11 f3 f4
(Nei-Stein, USSR 1 967). White's 12 .i. fl cS
activity has evaporated and he went
in for further simplification - 1 6
�dS �xdS 1 7 �xc6 bxc6 1 8 exdS
cxd5 1 9 .i.xdS .i.g4 20 :c 1 l:tac8 2 1
:xc8 .i.xc8 with a draw.
8 'ii'd2 (along with 8 dS, a very
popular idea) 8 . . . 'ii'e 7 9 d5 cxd5 1 0
cxdS �g4 1 1 .i.gS f6 1 2 .i.h4 �h6
(Shirov-Topalov, Vienna 1 996, went
1 2 . . . �a6 1 3 0-0 �h6 1 4 �e l �fl
1 5 .txa6 bxa6 1 6 �c2 l:tb8 1 7 �e3
aS 1 8 .:tfc 1 hS with great compli­
cations; in the present game Black
carries out a sim ilar plan) 1 3 0-0 We are following San Segundo­
�fl 1 4 �e l h5 (we also met similar Topalov (Madrid 1 996) where
ideas in the Petrosian Variation) 1 S Black, combining prophylaxis on
f3 .th6 1 6 'ii'd l �a6 (the knight the queenside with an attack on the
aims for cS, while in the event of its kingside, gained good play: 13 a3 b6
exchange on a6 B lack gains the b­ 1 4 b4 hS I S bxc5 �xcS 1 6 a4 aS 1 7
file and the two bishops, which l:ta3 .if6 1 8 �b3 :n 1 9 �h I l11c 7
largely compensate for his queen­ 20 �xcS bxcS 2 1 l:.g I �a6=i=, when
side pawn weaknesses) 1 7 �h i he already held the in itiative .
.td7?! ( 1 7 . . . <iit g 7 ! =i=) 1 8 .i.xa6 bxa6
1 9 'i'e2 :ab8 20 :b t .ic8 2 1 �c2 11.3 (1 d4 �f6 2 c4 g6 3 l.i kJ
aS 22 'ii'c4 :b6 23 'ii'a4 .i.a6 24 .i g7 4 e4 d6 S �f3 0-0 6 j(el
:fd 1 :fb8 25 'ii'xaS? (White returns eS)
the compliment; after 25 'ii'a3 he has
the advantage) 25 . . . .ic8 ! and 7 0-0
1 46 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
7 exd4
After relieving the central
tension, B lack quickly completes his
development and aims for piece play
around White ' s centre. We consider
this strategically clear plan, the main
ideologist of which is the Moscow
GM Igor Glek, to be a very
promising way of opposing White's
classical set-up, and we therefore
prefer it to the more usual 7 . ..llJ c6 or
7 . . . lbbd7. We also draw the readers'
attention to the fact that the statistics
of this variation favour Black.
8 tbxd4 lte8
9 f3
Otherwise the e4 pawn cannot be
defended: 9 Wcl?! tbxe4 1 0 tbxe4
i.xd4 1 1 i.g5 f6 1 2 ltad 1 fxg5 1 3
ltxd4 i.f5 1 4 c5 liJc6 1 5 i.c4+ �g7
1 6 Wc3 tbxd4 1 7 'ii'xd4+ �h6,
which led to a win for Black in
Rossetto-Larsen (Amsterdam 1 964).
9 tbc6
10 i.e3
White ' s other possibilities:
10 tb xc6 (this exchange promises
little - the c6 pawn successful ly
controls dS, and the b-file is quite an
important factor) 1 0 . . . bxc6 1 1 i.gS
h6 1 2 i.h4 g5 ! ? 1 3 i.f2 tbd7
( 1 3 . . . i.e6 is also good) 1 4 llc l (or
1 4 Wc2 aS 1 5 ltad 1 'ii'e 7 1 6 :re i
tbc5=) 1 4 . . . a5 1 5 b3 'ii' e 7 1 6 i.d3
tbc5 1 7 i.b 1 ltJe6 1 8 Wd2 i.b7 1 9
�h 1 c5, and by harmoniously
deploying his pieces, B lack
achieved a good game (Chuchelov­
Glek, Leuven 1 995).
10 tbcl lbhS (making way for the
f-pawn, and in some cases the queen
too can move out to the kingside) 1 1
tbd5 ( 1 1 g4 is adequately met by
1 1 . . . i.e5 ! ? 1 2 liJd5 i.xh2+ with
equality - Glek) 1 l . ..f5 1 2 g4! ? ( 1 2
exf5 i.xf5 favours Black) 1 2 . . . fxg4 !
1 3 fxg4 tbf6 1 4 i.g5 l:lf8 1 5 c5 (if
1 5 1i'e 1 there follows 1 5 . . . h6 ! 1 6
liJxf6+ i.xf6 1 7 i.xh6 ltf7 1 8 1i'd2
i.e6 1 9 g5 i.xb2 20 :xf7 i.xf7 2 1
ltb 1 i.e5+, Van der Sterren­
Muehlebach, Zurich 1 995) 1 5 . . . i.e6
1 6 cxd6 cxd6 1 7 tbce3 h6 ! (the
same typical idea - a pawn sacrifice
with the aim of diverting the white
bishop at h6 and activating the black
pieces) 1 8 tbxf6+ i.xf6 1 9 i.xh6
ltf7 20 i.c4 i.xc4 2 1 ltJxc4 i.d4+
22 �h 1 ? (this natural move is the
decisive mistake; after 22 i.e3
ltxfl + 23 1i'xfl Wg5 ! 24 i.xd4
tbxd4 25 tbxd6 ltf8 26 Wc4+ �h7
27 Wc7+ �g8 the chances are equal
- G1ek) 22 . . . ltxf1 + 23 1i'xfl d5 ! 24
liJd2 Wh4 25 exd5 tbe5 , and it is
time for White to resign - with
minimal forces Black controls the
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation
entire board (Sakaev-Glek, Elista
1 995).
10 lt:Jh5
This manoeuvre, developed by
Glek, is the idea of the variation.
Making way, once again, for the f­
pawn, the knight aims (in some
cases) to advance to f4. It should be
mentioned that, as we have already
seen, in several lines Black must be
prepared to give up a piece for the
sake of perpetual check.
11 f4
Other attempts by White:
1 1 lt:Jcl, when Black should con­
sider l l . . .f5 ! ? 1 2 'ifd2 i.e6 1 3 %lad l
(Notkin-Nevostruev, Elista 1 996),
and now 1 3 . . . lt:Jf6 ! ? or 1 3 . . . fxe4 1 4
fxe4 lt:Je5 ! ? with sufficient counter­
play.
11 lt:Jd5 lt:Jxd4 (here 1 1 ... f5 is
premature in view of 12 lt:Jb5 ! fxe4
1 3 f4±, Cebalo-Lane, Cannes 1 995)
12 .txd4 c6 13 lt:Jc3 i.h6! (the
bishop must be retained) 1 4 g3 lt:Jg7
(or 1 4 . . . .th3 1 5 .:le t 'figS 1 6 i.f2
l:.ad8<Xl) 1 5 f4 f5 1 6 .tf3 g5 !? with
1 47
counterplay for Black (Sosonko­
Ftacnik, Polanica Zdroj 1 995 ).
1 1 lt:Jxc6 bxc6, and now:
(a) 1 2 f4 .txc3 1 3 bxc3 l:.xe4 1 4
i.d4 lt:Jxf4 1 5 .td3 'ii'e 8 (Schlusnik­
Joecks, Budapest 1 996) and Black,
with the initiative and two pawns for
the exchange, does not stand worse,
e.g. 1 6 .txe4 'ifxe4 1 7 'iff3 lt:Je2+
1 8 �f2 ( 1 8 �h I 'ifxf3 1 9 %lxf3 c5+)
1 8 . . .'ii' h 4+;
(b) 1 2 'ifd2 c5 ( 1 2 . . . i.e6, 1 2 . . . f5
or 1 2 . . . 'ifh4 ! ? is also possible) 1 3
%lae 1 %lb8 1 4 b3 f5 1 5 i.d3 f4 1 6
.tf2 i.e5 1 7 l:.d l g5 and Black
begins his play on the kingside
(Pokorny-Manik, Lazne Bohdanec
1 996).
1 1 'ii'd l, when Black has a
choice:
(a) I I . . .lt:Jf4 1 2 %lfd l lt:Jxe2+ 1 3
lt:Jcxe2 lt:Je5 1 4 b3 c6 ( 1 4 . . . a6 ! ?) 1 5
l:.ac l 'ifc7 with a slightly inferior,
but quite playable position
(lvanchuk-Shirov, Yerevan 1 996);
(b) l l . . .f5 ! ? (a sharp reply) 1 2
lt:Jxc6 (in Van Wely-Glek, Wijk aan
Zee 1 997, White chose 1 2 %lfd 1
fxe4 1 3 lt:Jxe4 lt:Jf6 1 4 lt:Jc3 'ife 7 1 5
i.f2 lt:Jxd4 1 6 .txd4 .te6, and after
completing his development Black
obtained satisfactory play; this same
plan is possible after 1 2 :ad 1 ) 1 2 . . .
bxc6 (the same position can arise
after 1 1 lt:Jxc6) 1 3 exf5 ( 1 3 i.g5
'ifd7 ! ?) 1 3 . . . .txf5 (or 1 3 . . . gxf5 1 4
:.re 1 'iih4 1 5 i.f2 'iff4 1 6 'it'xf4
lt:Jxf4 with a sharp, but roughly
equal ending - in return for his
pawn weaknesses Black has act i v e
1 48 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
pieces, Gyimesi-Milj anic, Mataru­
ska Banja 1 996), when B lack's
forces are very aggressively placed:
(b 1 ) 1 4 g4? ! (risky) 1 4 . . .'i'h4! 1 5
i.£2 ( 1 5 gxfS? l:.xe3+, with com­
plete coordination and harmony -
each piece on the right square) 1 5 . . .
'it'h3 1 6 gxh5 (the only way to save
the position; if 1 6 gxf5 i.e5+/-+)
1 6 . . . i.e5 1 7 i.g3 i.xg3=:
(b2) 14 i.d4 liJf6 1 5 l:.fe l c5 1 6
i. £2 'i'd7 (or 1 6. . .1Wb8 1 7 l%ad 1
'ii'b 4ac, Khuzman-Svidler, Haifa
1 996) 1 7 l:.ad 1 'i'fl 1 8 b3 a6 !
We are following Kramnik-Giek
(Berlin 1 996). With his last move
Black has covered b5, for where the
white knight was aiming, and by
playing his bishop to c6 he achieved
a reasonable game.
11 .lbf6
The e4 pawn has been deprived of
pawn support, and by returning to f6
t he knight attacks it. An important
fitctor is that B lack can subsequently
use the g4 square as a transit point
h>r exchanging operations.
12 i.f3
12 lbxc6 bxc6 1 3 i.f3 does not
achieve anything in view of
1 3 . . . liJxe4! ? (the rook on the e-file
operates very productively) 1 4
lbxe4 (or 1 4 i.xe4 d5 ! 1 5 i.xd5
cxd5 1 6 'i'xd5 i.e6=) 1 4 . . . i.f5 1 5
lbxd6 cxd6 1 6 i.d4 i.e4 1 7 i.xg7
�xg7 1 8 'i'd4+ 'it'f6= (Shirov­
Sherzer, Paris 1 995).
12 i.g4
As already mentioned, g4 is an
important focal point of B lack' s
play. Such ideas, based on th e fact
'
that the. liJd4 is insufficiently well
defended, often occur in similar
strategic set-ups, for example the
Maroczy Bind formation in the
Sicilian Dragon.
The seemingly attractive 12 .••
lbg4 encounters a refutation: 1 3
i.xg4 i.xg4 1 4 liJxc6 ! 'i'd7 1 5 'i'd3
i.xc3 1 6 lbd4 ! i.xb2 1 7 l:.ab 1 c5 1 8
l:xb2, and the opposite-colour
bishops favour White (Lobron-Giek,
Germany 1 995).
13 lbxc6 i.xf3
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation I t1 9

14 'ii'x t3 bxc6 For 1 5 .i. dl (or 1 5 i.t2 ) - cf.

Illustrative Game No. 13 (Van der
Sterren-Giek, Germany 1 995).

Game 12 (p. l 44)

Gelfand-Topalov
Linares 1997

1 d4 lljf6
2 liJB g6
3 c4 � g7
4 llJc3 0-0
5 e4 d6
6 �el e5
The critical position of the Both grandmasters are confirmed
variation, which can be assessed as King's Indian players, so their
acceptable for Black. He has some meetings in this opening are always
pressure on the half-open e-file, the of interest, and theoretical inno­
' Gufeld bishop' at g7 is alive and vations can be expected.
' breathing' , and the b-file also 7 � e3 exd4
cannot be disregarded. Here are a In recent times this plan, aiming
few practical examples: for rapid counterplay in the centre,
15 .i. d4 1i'c8 ( l 5 . . . c5 ! ?) 16 l:tad l and developed in detai l by Kasparov
1i'g4 1 7 eS dxeS 1 8 �xe5 1i'e6 1 9 for his 1 990 match with Karpov, has
b3 llJg4= (Karpov-Giek, Biel 1 996). become fashionable.
15 l:tae1 'ii'c 8 ( 1 5 . . .'ii'b 8 ! ? !J. 1 6 The alternative 7 . . . c6 (which ts
b3 'ii'M <X> , Svidler) 1 6 �d4 1i'g4 1 7 also in Topalov' s repertoire) is
1i'f2 1i'e6 1 8 fS gxf5 1 9 exf5 'ii'xc4 exam ined in the analysis.
20 b3 'ii'b4 2 1 a3 'ii'xa3 ! (Greenfeld­ 8 llJxd4 l:t e8
Glek, Haifa 1 996). White has 9 t3 c6
sufficient compensation for the 10 �fl
material he has given up, but not The fashionable interpretation .
more. Against 1 0 1i'd2 Kasparov devised
1 5 l:tfe1 1i'd7 16 �d4 cS 17 �xf6 an excellent idea: I O . . . dS 1 1 cxd 5
.i.xf6 1 8 e5 ! ? dxe5 1 9 liJd5 1i'd6 20 cxdS 1 2 0-0 llJc6 1 3 c5, an d here
l:tad l e4 ! ? 2 1 l:txe4 .i.d4+, and the 1 3 . . . l:txe3 ! 14 1i'xe3 'ii' fR ! (an
powerful bishop in the centre exchange sacrifice, which gave n e w
guarantees Black against danger life to the entire variation) 1 5 li \ x c 6
(Aipert-Neuman, Ceske Budejovice bxc6 16 �h I l:tb8 17 �a4 l:t h 4 I K
1 996). b3 �e6 ! 1 9 liJb2 liJh S 20 li\d 1 l::tl •·•
1 50 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

2 1 'ii' t2 'ile7 22 g4 ! J.. d4 ! 23 'i'xd4

l:lxh2+! 24 �xh2 'ifh4+ with a draw
(Karpov-Kasparov, New York
1 990).
A more recent example is 1 5
lLlcb5 'ifxc5 1 6 :ac 1 'ifb6 1 7 'ii't2
.i.d7 1 8 l:lfd 1 l:e8 1 9 J.. fl ..th6 20
l:.c3 lLlb4 ! with a sharp game
(Gelfand-Kasparov, Linares 1 992).
10 d5
11 exd5 cxd5
12 0--0 lLlc6
13 c5 lLlh5
14 g3? ! 17 J.. d 4!
White had apparently prepared Threatening to capture on g3 .
this move, but Topalov finds an 1 8 'i'ct
energetic rejoinder. Trying to neutralise B lack's main
More solid is the tested 14 'ifd2 attacker. Bad is 1 8 lLlxe8 lLlxg3 ! I 9
(keeping control of the g5 square) lLlf6+ 'i'xf6! 20 J..xd4 (20 hxg3
1 4 . . . J.. e 5 1 5 g3 lLlg7 1 6 l:lfd 1 a6 'ifg5 ! 2 I g4 'iff4-+) 20 . . . lLlxe2+ 2 I
(also possible is 1 6 . . . J.. e 6 1 7 f4 lLlxe2 'ifxf3 and White has no
J.. xd4 ! 1 8 ..txd4 lLlf5 1 9 ..tt2 d4 20 defence. I 8 J.. xd4 lLlxg3 I 9 �t2
lLlb5 'ii'e 7 with double-edged play, lLlxe2-+ is even worse.
Gelfand-Van Wely, Wijk aan Zee As was shown by GM Mikhail
1 996) 1 7 ..tfl J.e6 1 8 lLlxe6 fxe6 1 9 Gurevich, White's best chance was
f4 J.. f6 20 l:ab I g 5 2 1 lLle2 l:f8, I 8 f4, diverting Black from his main
when Black gains counterplay. aim - t)le g3 pawn: I 8 . . . J.. x f2+ I 9
Incidentally, this position was �xf2 lLlxf4 ! 20 lLlxe8 (20 'ifd2
reached by the same players at the l:le6 F F) 20 . . . lLlg2 ! 2 I .tb5 ! (if 2 I
1 997 Dos Hermanas Tournament J.. f3 lLlxe I 22 'ifxe I lLle5+, or 2 I
(slightly later than the game we are J.. fl lLlxe 1 22 'ifxe I lLle5 with an
exam ining). attack) 2 I . ..lLlxe i 22 'i'xe 1 lLleS
14 .i.h3 (22 . . . 'i'f5+! ?ao) 23 'ife2 J.. g4 with an
15 :e t .'ii'g 5! unclear game. However, to calculate
The most energetic reply to at the board all these complicated
White ' s plan, creating threats and risky variations was almost
against the king and depriving the impossible.
white queen of the d2 square. 18 J.. e3!
16 lLldb5 l:lad8 Highly dynam ic play.
17 lLld6 19 J.. xe3 l:lxe3
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation ISI

20 �fl 23 ltJeS
Wh ite has to move his king. 20 Threatening to capture on fJ .
ltJxd5 is met by the familiar 24 •g5 .l:te8!
20 . . . ltJxg3 ! 2 1 'itt t2 ltJh I + 22 l:xh I B lack ' s pieces are very active . He
..,h4+ 23 'iit g I l:xe2-+. now threatens . . . ltJd3 + .
20 d4 25 l:[d2
21 ltJd 1 ? No better is 25 'ii'x h5 gxh5 26
The decisive mistake. Essential ltJf6+ �f8 27 ltJxd5 ltJd3 + 28 �g l
was 2 1 ltJce4 (dislodging the queen :xe2-+, or 25 •h4 1i'e6 26 b3 1i'f5
from the 'penalty spot') 2 1 . . . •e7 27 f4 d3 ! 28 :e l ltJg4+ 29 <;tJf3
22 J.c4 l:lxe I 23 •xe I J.e6, when ltJxh2+ 30 �f2 l:xe4-+ (M.Gure­
Black stands slightly better, but all vich).
the play is still to come. 25 1i'c4?!
B lack could have won
immediately by 25 . . . ltJg4+! 26 �g l
(26 fxg4 •xe4-+) 26 . . .•xg5 27
ltJxg5 :e 1 mate.
26 ltJdc3 h6!
A decoy sacrifice: 27 1i'xh6 dxc3
28 bxc3 1i'xe4 ! 29 fxe4 ltJg4+.
27 'ii' h 4 dxc3
28 l:[d8 cxb2 !
As the curtain falls - a simple but
elegant combination.
29 :xe8+ �g7
30 l:[d1 1i'c2+
21 l:be2+! 31 l:[d2 b1=1i'
Topalov displays his true worth ! 32 1i'xb3 'ti'cd
22 l:txe2 'ii'd 5 White resigns
For the exchange B lack has a
powerful initiative. The knight at d I Game 1 3 (p. l 49)
is passive and it prevents the :a t Van der Sterren-Glek
from coming into play. He now Germany 1 995
threatens to play his knight to e5 .
23 ltJe4 1 ltjf3 ltJf6
23 •c4 fails to 23 . . . :xd6 ! If 23 2 c4 g6
b3 there fol lows 23 . . . ltJe5 24 :xe5 3 ltJc3 J.g7
•xe5 25 ltJxb7 :e8 26 1i'd2 d3 27 4 e4 d6
:c 1 1i'd5 and it is doubtful whether 5 d4 0-0
White can overcome his difficulties. 6 J.e2 e5
1 52 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

7 0--0 tactical operation that gives him at

By a slightly roundabout way the least equality.
basic position of the Classical
Variation has been reached.
7 exd4
8 ltlxd4 l:Z.e8
9 f3 ltlc6
10 i.e3 ltlh5
11 f4
Apart from the moves given in
the analysis, we should also mention
1 1 :c 1 , which, however, is
insufficient to gain an advantage:
1 l . . . f5 1 2 cS ltlxd4 1 3 i.xd4 dxcS
1 4 i.xcS ltlf4 1 5 .i.c4+ i.e6ao.
11 ltlf6 18 ltlxe4 ...d4!
12 i.f3 i.g4 This move is the idea of B lack's
13 ltlxc6 .i.xf3 exchanging combination - both of
14 1Wxf3 bxc6 the opponent' s minor pieces are en
15 i.d2 prise.
The Dutch GM prophylactically 1 8 . . . i.xa 1 ? (with the idea of 1 9
supports his lLlc3 . The position after :xa 1 1Wd4-+) i s a mistake, as 1 9 cS !
Black's 1 4th move is examined in leads to a win for White.
detail in the analysis, but here is 19 ltlxd6
another typical example: 1 5 i.f2 White has problems after 1 9
1Wc8 ! 1 6 :ae 1 •g4 1 7 •d3 ? ( 1 7 :ae 1 d5-! 2 0 cxdS cxdS 2 1 ltlgS
i.d4 would have led to equality) ...xd2 22 l:[d 1 1i'a5 ! 23 l:xdS (23
1 7 . . . 1Wxf4 1 8 i.xa7 'ii'h4 with a 1Wxd5 1fxd5 favours B lack)
clear advantage to Black 23 . . . 1fxa2 .
(Solozhenkin-Glek, France 1 994). 19 cxd6
15 1i'b8 ! ? 20 l:lad 1 1fe4
1 5 1Wc 8 i s also satisfactory, but
. . . 21 :de l ? !
the text move enables Black to A serious inaccuracy. After the
transfer his queen to the main part of exchange of queens the activity of
the battlefield. the black pieces increases - they can
16 b3 1Wb6+ operate on the e-file. 2 1 i.c3 ! = was
17 �hl ltlxe4! essential.
1 7 1Wd4? 1 8 .Z:.ad 1 ltlxe4? is a
. . . 21
li1 lsc trai l : 1 9 i.e 1 ! +-. 2 2 l:bf3
B l ack carries out a successful 23 i.xel
 King 's Indian Defence: Classical Variation I S .l

24 ..td2 l:le2 White is helpless against the

25 l:ld3 decisive advance of the black king
White evidently thought that he into the centre. After 29 a4 dS! 30
had everything in order, but an cxdS 'iti>d6 followed by . . . �xdS and
unpleasant surprise awaits him . . . . c5-c4 he is similarly unable to
25 c5! resist.
The powerful ..td4 will cramp 29 d5
White still further. Of course, 26 30 fxg6 . hxg6
l:lxd6? is not possible in view of 31 ..tf4
26 . . . ..td4. White' s downfall is The bishop has finally gained
caused by the lack of an escape some air, but at what a price.
square for his king. 31 dxc4
26 h3 ..td4 32 l:la3 l:lb2
27 b4 33 l:txa7+ �f6
Somewhat more tenacious is 27 34 h4
a4 �f8 28 ..tc3 ..txc3 29 l:lxc3 l:lf2 ! If 34 a4 Black plays 34 . . . gS,
3 0 g3 rl;e7, but here too Black' s driving the bishop off the c l -h6
advantage i s pretty considerable - diagonal .
the difference in the activity of the 34 l:lxb5
pieces is evident. 35 ..tg5+ �g7
27 �f8 36 a4 l:lbl+
28 b5 �e7 37 �h2 c3
29 fS White resigns
11 King 's Indian Defence :
Deviations by Wh ite from
T h e C l assica l Variation
1 d4 l2Jf6
2 e4 g6
3 l2Je3 ..tg7
4 e4
Along with this, the most critical
and popular move, White can also
choose more restrained plans:
4 e3 (by securely defending his
d4 pawn, White hinders the
opponent's counterplay in the
centre; however, this cannot be
considered a way to fight for an
advantage) 4 . . . 0-0 5 ..td3 ( 5 lt)f3 or
5 ..te2 leads to the 4 lt)f3 variation, If White does not go in for the
considered below) 5 . . . d6 6 li)ge2 e5 main line of the Classical Variation
7 0-0 (the exchange on e5 favours (5 e4), he has a choice between
Black, as he makes the cramping developing his dark-square bishop at
advance . . . e5-e4 : 7 dxe5 dxe5 8 f4 or . g5 and playing 5 e3 ,
li)g3 "ile7 9 "ile2 li)a6 I 0 0-0 li)c5 reinforcing his d4 pawn:
1 1 l:.d l e4 1 2 ..tc2 ..tg4+, Fontein­ (a) 5 e3 0-0 6 ..te2 (White com­
Euwe, Holland 1 93 8) 7 . . . c6 8 f4 l:.e8 pletes his kingside development, but
(threatening to set up a powerful at the same time he does not prevent
pawn wedge by . . . e5-e4 and . . . d6- Black from calmly completing the
d5) 9 li)g3 exd4 I 0 exd4 li)g4. mobilisation of his forces) 6 . . . li)bd7
Black has a good game - he controls 7 0-0 (to 7 b4 the simplest reply is
the e-file and White has to think in also 7 . . . e5 with play in the centre)
terms of defence (Fiorian-Sandor, 7 . . . e5 8 b3 (or 8 •c2 l:.e8 9 dxe5
Hungary 1 95 8). dxe5 1 0 l:.d l c6 1 1 li)g5 •e7 and
4 li)f3 (against Smyslov's move 4 B lack easily completes his develop­
..tg5 the simplest is 4 . 0-0, . . ment, Milic-Matulovic, Yugoslavia
transposing into the main variation) 1 957) 8 . . . l:.e8 9 ..ta3 exd4 10 li)xd4
4 . . . d6. li)c5 ( e4 is a convenient transit point
 King 's Indian Defence: Deviations from the C/assic:al Variation
for the black cavalry) 1 1 'ii'c 2 tbfe4
1 2 tbxe4 tbxe4 1 3 i.b2 aS with
roughly equal chances (Barcza­
Bolbochan, Helsinki 1 952);
(b) 5 .tf4 (a similar set-up, but
without c2-c4, is examined in the
chapter on the Torre Attack; here
too B lack freely completes his
development with a comfortable
game) 5 . . . 0-0 and now:
, tbhS 1 3 l:.ad 1 e6 1 4 tbe 1 a6 and it is
(b 1 ) 6 e3 c6 (there is no point in
pursuing the white bishop by
6 . . . tbh5 since there is a standard
way of preserving it from exchange:
7 .tgS h6 8 .th4 gS 9 tbd2 ! ; it is
therefore better to begin queenside
play that is effective in such set-ups)
7 .te2 a6 8 0-0 bS 9 a3 tbbd7 1 0
cxbS cxbS 1 1 e4 .tb7 with
approximate equality;
(b2) 6 h3 lbbd7 7 e3 c6 (planning
the queenside pawn offensive
indicated earlier) 8 .te2 a6 9 0-0 (if
White prevents the extended
fianchetto by 9 a4, B lack transfers
his interests towards the centre -
9 . . . a5 1 0 0-0 tbe8 1 1 •d2 tbc7 1 2
:.fd 1 tba6 1 3 e4 'ii'e 8=, Yap-Knaak,
Szirak 1 985) 9 . . . b5 1 0 l:.c 1 i.b7 1 1
lbd2 bxc4 1 2 tbxc4 (Andersson­
Kamsky, Tilburg 1 990), and now
1 2 . . . dS 1 3 tbeS cS 1 4 b3 l:c8, when
Black is completely mobi lised and
can face the future with optimism
(recommended by Kamsky);
(c) 5 i.gS 0-0 6 e3 (if 6 'i'd2
B lack obtains a comfortable game
by 6 . . . cS 7 dS 'ifaS 8 i.h6 a6 9
.txg7 �xg7 1 0 e3 bS ! , when it is
White who has to fight for equality,
I SS
Andric-Bukic, Belgrade 1 968 )
6. . ..tf5 (bringing his b i shop out t o
an active position, Black exploits
the e4 square for simpl ification; he
also has 6 ... c5 and 6 ... tbbd7, leading
to more complicated situations, but
the text move is simpler) 7 .te2 (or
7 .td3 .i.xd3 8 'i'xd3 lbbd7 9 0-0
h6 1 0 .th4 l:.e8 1 1 e4 gS 1 2 .i.g3
hard for White to count on an
advantage, Smyslov-Bilek, Szolnok
1 975) 7 . . . tbe4 8 tbxe4 .txe4 9 0-0
h6 (it is useful to have in reserve
. . . g6-g5, neutralising the white
bishop) 1 0 .th4 cS 1 1 dxcS (playing
the bishop to f3 also does not
achieve anything - 1 1 tbd2 .tfS 1 2
.to tbc6 1 3 dS tbes 1 4 .te2 tbd3 ,
and Black already has the
advantage) 1 1 . . . g5 1 2 .i.g3 dxcS .
B lack's chances are not worse - he
has an active bishop, and no
problems with completing his
queenside development.
4 d6
We now consider 5 tbgel (12. 1),
5 .td3 (12.2) and 5 h3 (12.3).
White' s other possibilities:
5 i.g5 (directed against the usual
pawn counter . . . e7-e5) 5 . . . 0--0 6
tbge2 (6 tbf3 transposes into lines
considered a little earlier; 6 1i'd2 is
also played: Yermolinsky-N ikolai­
dis, Yerevan 1 996, went 6 c5 7 d 5
. . .
e6 8 tbf3 exdS 9 exd S a 6 I 0 .ie2
.tg4 1 1 0--0, and here l l bS ! ? I ]
. . .
cxbS axbS 1 3 .txbS .txfJ 1 4 � x n
'ii'c 8! ? would have given B l n r k
reasonable play for t h e pn w n )
1 56 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
6 . . . lbbd7 (6 . . . lbc6 ! ? is also good,
leading to the Siimisch Variation
after 7 fJ) 7 'ii'd 2 c5 (beginning
traditional play against the white
centre) 8 d5 b5 ! ? (such pawn
sacrifices, in the spirit of the Benko
Gambit, are very effective; in the
given case White was intending to
shelter his king on the queenside,
and the opening of lines may be
unpleasant for him) 9 cxb5 a6 1 0
lbg3 'W'a5 . Black' s play compen­
sates for the sacrificed pawn
(Nikolaidis-Atalik, Karditca 1 996).
12.1 (1 d4 lbf6 2 c4 g6 3 lbc3
.tg7 4 e4 d6)
5 lC!gel
After this play can . transpose into
the Siimisch Variation or l ines with
the fianchetto of the .t g2. The move
5 lbge2 has independent signifi­
cance if White tries to obtain play
similar to the Samisch Variation, but
without t2-f3 , and to support his e4
pawn he plays his knight to g3 . But
in so doing he weakens his control
of d4, and Black can exploit this.
5 0--0
6 lbg3 e5
An energetic counter in the
centre. Also possible is the more
restrained 6 c6 7 .te2 lbbd7 8 .tg5
•..
h6 9 .te3 a6 10 'ii'd 2 h5 ! ? 1 1 .th6
h4 1 2 .txg7 �xg7 1 3 lC!fl with a
complicated game where White has
a slight initiative (I.Sokolov-Van
Wely, Akureyri 1 994).
7 d5 c6
Underm ining the white centre.
8 .tel cxd5
9 cxd5 lbbd7
10 .tg5
After 10 .te3 Black develops
similar counterplay: 1 0 . . . a6 1 1 0--0
b5 1 2 b4 lbb6 1 3 a4 bxa4 1 4 lC!xa4
lbxa4 1 5 l:txa4 h5 !
Now 1 O . . h6 1 1 .te3 a6 1 2 0--0 b5
.
13 b4 lbb6 14 a4 lbxa4 1 5 lC!xa4
bxa4 1 6 l:txa4 h5 ! transposes into
the same position:
The position of the white knight
at g3 gives B lack a tempo, thanks to
 King 's Indian Defence: Deviations from the Class ical Variation
which he has good chances of an
attack against the opponent's
kingside. For example, 17 f3 h4 1 8
lLlh1 lLlh5 19 b5 lLlf4 20 bxa6 .th6 !
2 1 lLlt2 lLlh3+ 22 lLlxh3 J.xe3+ 23
�h 1 (23 lLlf2 ..,b6+) 23 . . . .i.xh3 , and
Black soon won (Szabo-Yanofsky,
Winnipeg 1 967).
12.2 ( 1 d4 tLlf6 2 c4 g6 3 lLlc3
.tg7 4 e4 d6)
s J.d3
White develops his bishop while
retaining e2 for his knight.
However, at d3 the bishop only
appears to be more active than at e2.
In fact the d4 pawn is weakened,
and B lack can easily create
counterplay.
s 0--0
The most flexible continuation.
· 6 lLlge2 eS
A reasonable alternative is
6 lbc6 7 0--0 lLlh5 ! ? 8 J.e3 e5 9 d5
•••
lbe7 (this is the point of Black' s set­
up, not going in for the creation of a
I 57
weak pawn at d4, but concentrat ing
the forces for play on the kingsidc )
1 0 ...d2 f5 1 1 exf5 lLlxf5 1 2 J.gS
.tf6 (Piket-J.Polgar, Amsterdam
1 995). The chances are roughly
equal - Black' s development i s
easily completed, and in the given
set-up the exchange of dark-square
bishops is advantageous.
7 dS lbhS
8 0--0
After 8 J.e3 lLld7 9 ..,d2 a6 1 0
J.c2 l:tb8 11 b4 lLlf4 1 2 0--0 lbxe2+
1 3 1i'xe2 f5 1 4 f3 f4 1 5 J.t2 bS
Black has sufficient counterp1ay
(Pfeiffer-Pesch, Bad Pyrmont 1 96 1 ).
8 f5
9 exfS
The critical position of the
variation, where B lack has a choice :
9 gxf5 1 0 f4 e4 1 1 J.c2 cS 1 2
.•.
J.e3 lLld7 1 3 h3 lLlb6 with
counterplay (G.Horvath-Kupreich i k .
Cattolica 1992).
9 .txf5 10 J.xf5 gxfS 1 1 f4 l.i)d 7
••.
12 1i'c2 a6 1 3 i.d2 'ifh4 w i t h n
double-edged gam e - it is nul l�n s y
1 58 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
for White to achieve anything real
on the queenside, while in the centre
Black is solidly placed and he has
play on the kingside (Conquest­
G.Hemandez, Cienfuegos 1 996).
12.3 (1 d4 lDf6 2 c4 g6 3 lbc3
�g7 4 e4 d6)
5 h3
This move was suggested by Reti,
and then developed by Makogonov.
'White wants to develop his
bishop at e3, and defends against the
possibility of . . . tt'l g4 . In addition he
has in mind g2-g4, and in contrast to
the Samisch Variation the f3 square
is left free for his knight' - this is
how this move was characterised by
Spassky.
Black, in turn, quickly completes
his development and, by exploiting
the temporary delay in the
mobi lisation of the white forces, he
aims to initiate counterplay on the
flanks (more often the queenside).
5 0-0
Now White has a choice between
6 lbf3 (12.31), 6 �e3 (12.32) and 6
�g5 (12.33) .
12.3 1 (1 d4 tt'lf6 2 c4 g6 3 tt'lc3
�g7 4 e4 d6 5 h3 0-0)
6 lbf3
White switches to classical l ines.
6 e5
7 d5
After 7 dxe5 dxe5 8 'ii'x d8 %:txd8
White cannot win a pawn by 9
lbxe5 :te8 I 0 f4 tt'lbd7 1 1 lbxd7
lbxe4 ! , and 9 lbd5 is parried by
9 . . . ttla6 1 0 � g5 :td6 1 1 �xf6
�xf6 1 2 b4 c6= (Larsen-Hellers,
Esbjerg 1 988).
7 lba6
After somewhat restricting White
on the queenside, B lack prepares
play on the kingside. The immediate
7 ...tt'lh5 ! ? is also possible: 8 lbh2 a5
9 g3 lba6 1 0 �e2 tt'lc5 ! ? (Black is
not afraid of the spoiling of his
kingside pawns, this being compen­
sated J!,y his active piece play) 1 1
�xh5 gxh5 1 2 g4 hxg4 1 3 hxg4
(Bagirov-Shaked, Linares 1 997),
and here Bagirov considers that
1 3 . . c6 1 4 •n 'ii'h4 1 5 �d2 b5 1 6
.
cxb5 cxb5 1 7 tt'lxb5 f5 ! would have
led to a double-edged position.
8 �e3
8 �g5 is satisfactorily met by
8 . . . 'ii'e 8 9 g4 lbd7 1 0 :tg 1 �h8 1 1
..d2 lbdc5 1 2 0-0-0 .ltd7 with a
complicated game (Kavalek-Byme,
Chicago 1 973).
8 lbh5
 King 's Indian Defence: Deviations from the Classical Vuriation I 59

9 lL'l b2
A lternatives:
9 lL'ld2 'ife8 10 lL'lb3 fS 1 1 c5 f4
1 2 .i.d2 lL'lxcS 1 3 lbxcS dxcS 1 4
�e2 :tf6 (Karkov-Sirota, corr.
1 987).
9 a3 fS 10 b4 lL'lb8 1 1 :tc l lbd7
1 2 exfS gxfS 1 3 lL'lgS lL'ldf6 1 4 .i.e2
'l"e8 1 5 l£le6 .i.xe6 1 6 dxe6 f4 1 7
�d2 e4 (Xu Jun-Cvitan, Novi Sad
1 990).
In both cases Black gained
counterplay by exploiting the
advanced kingside pawns - a com­
mon strategy in this type of position. 12.32 (1 d4 lL'lf6 2 c4 g6 3 lL'lc3
9 'ife8 .tg7 4 e4 d6 5 b3 �)
10 .i.e2 15 ! ?
11 exf5 6 .te3
If 1 1 � lbf6 1 2 exfS gxf5 1 3 f4
Black should not allow the fixing of
his pawn chain ( 1 3 . . e4? ! 14 g4! ±),
.

but should play 1 3 . . . exf4 1 4 .i.xf4

lbcS with counterplay.
11 lL'lf4
12 �
Or 12 .i. xf4 exf4 1 3 fx.g6 'ifxg6
1 4 �fl lbcS (Chernin-J.Polgar,
New Delhi 1 990). For the pawn
Black has excellent play - two
powerful bishops plus the displaced
white king.
12 .i.xf5 6 e5
13 :tel 'ilfi Here too this continuation 1 s
We are following the game sound enough.
K.Hansen-Kasparov (Svendborg 7 d5
1 990). Black has completely solved Opening the position also does
his opening problems - he is well not give White any advantage: 7
developed, and his pieces are dxe5 dxe5 8 liJfl lL'lbd7 9 'ild2 e6
excel lently coordinated ( . . . lbb4 is 1 0 l:ld l 'ile7 1 1 .te2 l£lc5 1 2 .i J( S
already threatened). h6 ! ? 1 3 .txh6 lL'lcxe4 1 4 'il c l .i x ht,
1 60 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
1 S 11fxh6 llJxc3 1 6 bxc3 . Black' s
king position i s somewhat weak­
ened, but White has serious pawn
weaknesses on the queenside
(Heinatz-Hund, Germany 1 994).
7 aS
Useful prophylaxis - the liJb8
aims for cS, and the pawn at aS
safeguards this manoeuvre.
8 �d3 llJa6
9 llJge2 llJc5
10 �cl c6
11 a3 cxd5
12 cxd5 �d7
We are following I .Sokolov­
Thipsay (Moscow 1 994). Mobilis­
ation is complete, and the outcome
of the opening can be considered
normal for Black. 1 3 b4 axb4 1 4
axb4 llJa6 1 5 l;lb 1 lL!hS 1 6 lL!a4 fS ! ?
led to a complicated middlegame
with chances for both sides.
12.33 (1 d4 liJf6 2 c4 g6 3 llJc3
i.. g7 4 e4 d6 5 h3 0--0)
6 i.. g 5
A fashionable continuation,
developed by Romanian players.
White prevents . . . e7-eS .
6 a6! ?
A n interesting idea, analysed i n
detail b y the Moscow G M lgor
Glek. Black is ready for immediate
counterplay on the queenside ( . . . b7-
bS), but also does not forget about
the centre ( . . . c7-cS). This flexible
plan is one of the best replies to the
Romanian variation.
7 liJf3
Let us consider other tries by
White · ror an advantage:
7 a4 c6 8 liJf3 liJbd7 (8 . . . aS is
also possible, not allowing the white
pawn onto this square) 9 aS bS ! ? 1 0
axb6 'ifxb6 1 1 'ifc2 :b8 and B lack
has counterplay on the b-file (Suba­
I . Sokolov, Oviedo 1 992).
7 i.. d3 cS 8 dS bS ! ? (the main
idea of 6 . . . a6), and now:
(a) 9 cxbS axbS I 0 llJxbS llJxe4 !
(this also works after I 0 �xbS) 1 1
i.. xe4 'ifaS+ 1 2 liJc3 �xc3+ 1 3 �d2
(no better is 1 3 bxc3 'ifxc3+ 1 4 �d2
 King 's Indian Defence: Deviationsfrom the Classical
'it'eS+) 1 3 . . . .txd2+ 1 4 'it'xd2 'it'xd2+
t 5 'it>xd2 l:a4 and Black is already
close to a win (Barbero-Giek,
Barcelona 1 992);
(b) 9 tDf3 ! ? (an interesting plan ­
the opponent is provoked into
playing . . . b5-b4, which would lead
to the fixing of the black pawn chain
and an advantage for White)
9 . . . bxc4 1 0 .txc4 tDbd7 1 1 0--0 ,
and here instead of 1 1 . . . l:b8 1 2
b3 ! ?;t (Yennolinsky-Piket, Wijk aan
Zee 1 997), Black should have
played 1 1 . . . .i.b7 ! ? followed by
. . . tDb6 and in some cases . . . e7-e6,
attacking the white centre, when his
chances would not have been worse.
7 1i'd2 c5 (Black can also
consider 7 . . . tDbd7 followed by
. . . c7-c5, not allowing the possible
exchange of queens) 8 dS?! (as
shown by Glek, more accurate is 8
dxc5 dxcS 9 'ifxd8 l:txd8 I 0 e5
tDfd7co) 8 ... Wa5 ! 9 a4 bS ! ? 10 cxbS
..,b4 (Black already has the
initiative) I 1 .td3 axbS 1 2 e5 dxeS
1 3 .txbS .i.a6 1 4 .txa6 tDxa6 with
strong pressure (Lazarev-Giek,
Oberwart 1 993 ).
7 tDbd7
8 e5
Quiet play does not cause Black
any particular problems: 8 .tel h6
(or 8 . . . c5 ! ?) 9 .te3 cS 1 0 0--0 cxd4
1 1 .i.xd4 b6 (Suba-Kr.Georgiev,
Prague 1 985). Black develops his
bishop on the long diagonal and
satisfactori ly solves the problem of
Variation t6t
mobilising his forces. The chances
are roughly equal .
8 ...dl can be met by the typical
8 . . . cS 9 dS bS ! ? with good play.
8 tDe8
9 'it'dl
9 tDd5 can be met by the simple
9 . . . f6, while 9 .i.el dxeS I 0 dxeS c6
followed by . . . tDc7-e6 gives Black
sufficient counterplay (Giek).
9 c5
10 tDd5 f6
We are following the game Van
der Sterren-Giek (Holland 1 994)
where Black easily solved his
opening problems: 1 1 exf6 tDexf6
1 2 tDxf6+ tDxf6 1 3 .td3 .t fS ! 1 4
.txfS (or 1 4 0--0 tDe4 ! 1 S .ixe4
.ixe4 1 6 l:fe l .i.xf3 1 7 .i.xe7 'W'd7
1 8 .ixf8 l:xf8 1 9 gxf3 .i.xd4 with
an attack for Black) 14 . . . gx f5 I S
.i.xf6 .txf6 1 6 dS �h8 1 7 g4 ... h6 !
and White had to switch to a
difficult defence.
1 3 King's Indian Defence :
Averbakh Variation
1 d4 �f6 but this leads to lengthy and
2 c4 g6 intricate variations, and the simple
3 �c3 .i. g7 7 . . . dxc5 is more practical) 8 'ifxd8
4 e4 d6 lZ.xd8 9 e5 �fd7.
5 .i.e2 0--0
6 .i.g5

White faces a choice:

(a) 10 �f3 (defending the e­
This variation dates from the pawn) l 0 . . �c6 1 1 lZ.d 1 h6 1 2 .i.e3
.

game Averbakh-Panno (Buenos b6 1 3 e6 fxe6 1 4 �b5 rj{fl 1 5 �

Aires 1 954). It is directed against
B lack' s counterplay with . . . e7-e5
and . . . f7-f5 , and essentially aims for
pressure over the entire board.
6 c5
The most critical continuation,
immediately attacking · the white
centre.
7 d5
A complicated ending arises after
7 dxc5 dxc5 (7 . . . 'ifa5 is a good
alternative, forc ing White to spend
time parrying the threat of . . . �xe4,
.i.b7 1 6 �4 �f8 and B lack' s
chances are not worse - White still
has to demonstrate that he has
compensation for the pawn
(Bonsch-Frick, Graz 1 993);
(b) 1 0 e6 (breaking up B lack' s
kingside pawns) 1 0 . . . �f6 (interest­
ing is 1 o . . . .i.xc3+ ! ? 1 1 bxc3 fxe6
with a complicated game) 1 1 exf7+
�xf7 1 2 ..te3 ( 1 2 �f3 �c6 1 3 �
..tf5 allows Black to complete his
development unhindered) 12 ... �c6 !
(an interesting possibility, involving
 King 's Indian Defence: A verbakh Variation
play against the c4 pawn and sorties
by the lbc6 into the centre) 1 3 .i.xc5
b6 1 4 .i.a3 lbd4 1 5 .i.d 1 .i.a6.
Black has actively deployed his
forces, and has excellent play for the
pawn. H.Olafsson-Istratescu (Debre­
cen 1 992) continued 1 6 4Jf3 lbxf3+
1 7 .i.xf3 l:r.ac8, and now 1 8 0-0
(dangerous is 1 8 lbb5 l:r.xc4 1 9
lbxa7 lbe4�) 1 8 . . ..i.xc4 would have
led to complete equality.
7 h6
This move prevents White from
taking control of the c l -h6 diagonal.
161
8 .i.f4
The most topical continuation, hy
which White aims to hinder the
important move . . . e7-e6. Other
possibilities:
8 .i.h4 (this allows Black to begin
active play on the queenside) 8 a6 . . .
9 4Jf3 b5 ! 10 'iic 2 ( 1 0 cxb5 axb5 1 1
.i.xb5 lbxe4 also favours Black,
while after I 0 4Jd2 b4 1 1 lba4 lbh 7
1 2 0-0 4Jd7 1 3 'iic2 g5 1 4 .i.g3
lbe5 White has to think of how to
equalise, Ehlvest-Kasparov, Horgen
1 995, by transposition) 1 o . . bxc4 1 1
.
4Jd2 e6 1 2 .i.xc4 g5 1 3 .i.g3 exd5
1 4 lbxd5 lbc6 (Bobotsov-Tal,
Moscow 1 967). Black has a clear
advantage - the b-file, excellent
posts at b4 and d4 for his knight, the
powerful King' s Indian bishop at
g7, and a lead in development -
what more could he want?
8 .i.d2 (this allows B lack to
attack the white centre) 8 . . . e6 9 h3
(or 9 4Jf3 exd5 1 0 exd5 .i.f5=)
9 ... b5 ! ? (exploiting the undefended
state of the pawn at e4, B lack begins
play against the opponent' s centre)
1 0 cxb5 exd5 1 1 exd5 .i.b7 1 2 W'b3
lbbd7 1 3 4Jf3 lbb6, and White, who
is behind in development, has
obvious problems (L.Spasov­
Velimirovic, Yugoslavia 1 970).
8 .i.e3 (retaining the possibility of
gaining a tempo by attac k i n g the h6
pawn with 'iid 2) 8 . . . e6, and now:
(a) 9 dxe6 .i.xe6 10 W'd2 �h7 1 1
h3 ( 1 1 0--0-0 is well m e t hy
l l . . . 'iia 5 12 W'xd 6 lba6 U 'ii l ·1
4Jd7 1 4 J.d2 tt:'lb4 w it h the i n i t w i i V t'
1 64 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
for Black, while 1 1 l:td l is harmless
in view of 1 1 . . . 1i'b6 1 2 b3 lLlc6 1 3
i. f3 l:tad8 1 4 lLlge2 a6 1 5 0-0 lLle5 ,
when the dynamic resources of
Black ' s position compensate for his
backward d6 pawn, Amason­
O.Jacobsen, Copenhagen I 990)
l l . . .lLlc6 I 2 lLlf3 fle7 (a sound
continuation; I 2 . . . fla5 ! ? leads to
more complicated play, as in
Portisch-Nunn, Brussels I 988) 1 3
0-0 l:tad8 1 4 l:tad I l:tfe8 1 5 l:tfe I
fits 1 6 i.f4 lLld4= (Donner­
Gligoric, Amsterdam 1 97 1 ).
M.Gurevich' s recommendation of
1 6 flc2 ! ;!; can be met by 1 6 . . . i.c8 ! ?
1 7 b 3 b 6 with a complicated game;
(b) 9 h3 (this prophylactic move
allows Black to develop his forces
harmoniously) 9 . . . exd5 1 0 exd5
l:te8 I l lLlf3 i.f5 1 2 g4 i.e4 1 3 ...d2
(or 1 3 0-0 i.xf3 1 4 i.xf3 lLlbd7
with a roughly equal game,
Averbakh-Geller, USSR 1 974)
1 3 . . . lLlbd7 1 4 0-0 i.xf3 I S i.xf3 hS
16 gS lLlh7 (Lputian-Gufeld,
Moscow 1 983).
B lack has a comfortable game.
He has harmoniously deployed his
pieces, and the weakened light
squares on the kingside may cause
White problems. In the game after
1 7 �h I i.xc3 ! 1 8 bxc3 lLleS 1 9
i.e2 fid7 20 �h2 •f5 B lack
completely outplayed his opponent
and seized the initiative;
(c) 9 ...d2 exdS 1 0 exdS (with the
idea of restricting the opponent as
much as possible; after 1 0 cxdS l:te8
Black has adequate play) I O . . . �h7
1 1 h3 lLla6 1 2 lLlf3 (or 1 2 i.d3 lLlc7
1 3 a4 a6 14 li)f3 l:tb8 I S aS bS 1 6
axb6 l:txb6 1 7 0-0 i.d7 with a
double-edged game, Deze-Mazic,
Sambor 1 972) 1 2 . . .i.f5 1 3 i.d3
fid7 14 0-0 l:tfe8 I S .:tfe l .
The critical position of the
variation, which can be assessed as
roughly equal.
Uhlmann-Fischer (Siegen 1 970)
continued 1 S . . . lLlb4 1 6 i.xfS flxf5
1 7 a3 lLlc2 1 8 lLlh4 flits 1 9 flxc2
fixh4 20 b3 l:te S with dynamic
equality.
 King 's Indian Defence: Averbakh Variation
Also good is the simple 1 5 . . �e4
. the more prom 1smg: he has
I 6 �xe4 i.xe4 1 7 .i.xe4 l:lxe4=
( Boleslavsky).
It is evident that 8 i.e3 is not
dangerous for Black, and therefore it
rarely occurs in practice.
8 1Wa5
B lack wants to avoid the
problematic pawn sacrifice 8 e6, •.•
and with the text move he disrupts
the hannony of White's set-up,
forcing him to react to the pin on the
�3 .
9 i.dl
If 9 'ii'd l Black gains counterplay
by 9 . . . e5 ! ? (recommended by GM
I.Zaitsev ):
(a) 10 .i.xh6 .i.xh6 1 1 'ii'xh6
�e4, and it is only White who may
have problems;
(b) 10 dxe6 i.xe6 1 1 .i.xd6 l:d8
1 2 eS �e8, when Black is better
developed and the regaining of the
pawn is merely a question of time;
(c) 1 0 .i.e3 a6 1 1 f3 �h7 1 2 h4
(there are no other active attempts)
1 2 �h5 ! , when Black ' s position is
. . .
] 65
forestalled his opponent' s play on
the kingside, and is ready for action
on the queenside, where Wh ite is
planning to evacuate his king.
9 e6
The white centre has to be
attacked.
10 �f3 exd5
11 exd5
A typical move in this type of
position. White tries to restrict as
much as possible the opponent' s
pieces. If Black plays passively,
White will gradually develop all his
pieces, and then launch a typical
attack on the queenside - a2-a3 and
b2-b4. Here he has a spatial ad­
vantage, and in many cases the end­
game is rather difficult for B lack.
If Black aims for an attack on the
kingside, White sets up a pawn
barrier - f4, g4, h3 , restricting the
opponent's pieces, at the same time
trying to increase his spatial
advantage on the queenside.
Sometimes in these variations he
also crosses the demarcation line on
the kingside, by preparing f4-f5 .
11 .i.fS! ?
A fresh solution to the problem .
B lack usually plays 1 1 . . a6, trying to
.
oppose White's plans on t he
queenside.
Black' s idea is simple - if White
does not react to the bi shop
manoeuvre, he wi ll com lt>rtnhly
advance . . . �e4, exchanging a pn i 1
o f knights and gaining dclimtt·
counterplay on the k i ngside .
1 66 An Opening Repertoire for the Positiona/ Player

12 �h4 Game 14 (p. l 66)

A quite justified reply, but B lack Kaidanov-Gufeld
is able to take advantage of the USA 1 995
knight's position on the edge of the
board. 1 d4 �f6
12 .id7 2 c4 g6
13 1!i'c1 �h7 3 �c3 .ig7
14 0-0 1Wd8 4 e4 0-0
Now White must either retreat his A little finesse - the obvious 5 eS
knight from h4 or defend it. is ineffective: 5 . �e8 6 f4 d6 7
. .

15 g3 �fl cS and the centre cannot be

1 5 �f3 would have allowed held. White rarely falls for such
1 5 . . . .ifS with the idea mentioned tricks, but they are useful to know.
earlier of . . . �e4. 5 .ie2 d6
But now B lack completes his 6 .ig5
development naturally - the .id7 is The Averbakh Variation is one of
occupying practically the only the most effective ways of trying to
square for the �b8, since to develop ' stifle' B lack's initiative in the
it via a6 is unpromising. King ' s Indian Defence. However, in
15 Jlh3 the present game B lack successful ly
16 l:el �bd7 opposes this set-up.
6 c5
7 d5 h6
8 .if4 'Was
9 .id2 e6
10 �f3 exd5
11 exd5 .if5
An interesting manoeuvre, aiming
for control of the e4 square.
However, the opening stage of the
game is examined in detail in the
theoretical section .
12 �h4
White 's reaction is perfectly
We are following Illustrative justified. But note that the knight is
Game No. 1 4 Kaidanov-Gufeld temporarily out of play on the edge
(USA 1 995). of the board.
B lack has solved his main 12 .i.d7
opening problems and can face the 13 'Wcl �h7
future with confidence. 14 0-0 'Wd8
 King 's Indian Defence: Averbakh Variation 1 67

White has to constantly remember 22 cxb5

about his knight at h4 - now he If 22 lDxb5 B lack has 22 . . . ltJxd 5 .
m ust either retreat or defend it. 22 1i'b7
15 g3 23 �gl
Now Black very naturally Forced. Now B lack is unable to
completes his development ( d7 ts regain the sacrificed pawn 23 . . .
vacated for the lDb8). lDxd5? 24 1i'e4); i n order to attack
15 .th3 he has to bring all his pieces into
16 :et lDbd7 play.
17 1i'c2 l:E.e8 23 c4! ?
18 .to .txn In some cases Black hopes to use
19 :xn the d3 square for his knight. But the
1 9 :xe8 followed by 20 �xfl main idea is to open the c-file - after
would not have changed the all, his queen ' s rook is not
character of the position. participating in the play.
19 lDe5 24 .te3 l:E.ac8
20 b3 1i'd7 25 :ad l cxb3
The black queen indicates its 26 1i'xb3 .:c4!
desire to penetrate into the 27 .td4 :ec8
opponent's position along the Black has successfully regrouped
sl ightly weakened light squares. and has deployed his forces in the
21 �g2 best way possible. He has excellent
To parry the opponent' s threats compensation for the m inimal
White has to use his king. material deficit.
28 b6 ! ?
White senses that the opponent' s
initiative i s becoming threatening,
and with this counter-sacrifice he
tries to change the course of the
game.
28 axb6
29 lDb5 1i'd7
30 f4
General considerations fade into
the background, and calculating play
begins.
30 lLicg4 !
21 b5! 30 . . . 1i'h3 is over-aggressive : 3 1
This traditional counter under­ fxe5 dxe5 32 :xf6! .txf6 J J • n t
lines B lack' s aggressive intentions. 31 lDt3
1 68 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

The main alternative that had to 'it'd6+ �g8 44 lbf6+ �g7 45 lbe8+
be considered was 3 1 h3 (note that with a draw, or 38 'ifb4 llc2 3 9 'ife4
the retreat of the lbg4 is cut oft), but 'it'c7 ! 40 'ife8+ �h7 4 1 lbe4 lbg4
in the given case it would have 42 lle2 'ifc4 ! 43 llde l �h6 ! with
opened l ines for the attack. The unclear consequences.
most effective way for B lack to Thus the strongest move 34 i.xf6
sacrifice his knight is by 3 1 . . . lbe3 ! , would have maintained approximate
when i f 3 2 'ifxe3 'ifxb5 h e has a equality, whereas 34 lbe6 must at
sl ight but clear positional advantage, least be considered an inaccuracy,
while after 32 i.xe3 'it'xh3 White but an understandab le one, in view
encounters serious problems. of the seemingly dangerous placing
31 b5 of the white queen and black king
B lack decides to secure the fate of on the a2-g8 diagonal.
his lbg4 , but in so doing he weakens 34 fxe6
the position of his king and the 35 dxe6 W'e7
game enters a phase of compli­ 36 .txf6 i.xf6
cations. 3 l . . . lbe4 was objectively 37 lbxd6 .:tc3 !
better, but understandably the 38 'i'b1
attacking side is unwilling to go in If 3 8 lbxc8 there follows
for exchanges. 3 8 . . . 11fc5+.
32 l:fe1 lbb6 38 :cl
33 lbg5+ 'iii> g8 39 'ifxb6
34 lbe6?! Here too 39 lbxc8 W'c5+ leads to
Wh ite tries to exploit the a win for Black.
opponent' s time trouble to provoke 39 l:8c6
a mistake. 40 W'b8+ �h7
After 34 .txf6 ! i.xf6 3 5 lbe4 41 f5
J.g7 3 6 lbbxd6 l:c3 ! 3 7 lbxc3 llxc3 White also fails to save the game
Wh ite has two main moves, 3 8 by 4 1 lbe4 llxe6 42 lbxf6+ W'xf6 43
'ifxb6 and 3 8 'ifb4, to which Black l1d7+ lbf7, or 4 1 lbe8 l:xe6.
replies in identical fashion: 3 8 'i'xb6 41 gxf5
l1c2 3 9 'if b 8+ i. f8 ! 40 lieS 'i'h3 4 1 White resigns
l:xf8+ �g7 4 2 lbe8+ �xf8 43
14 To rre Attack
1 d4 ltlf6
2 ltlf3 g6
3 i.g5
A method of play proposed by the
Mexican GM Carlos Torre in the
m id- 1 920s. This was how (although
in the Queen ' s Pawn Game 1 d4
lbf6 2 lbt3 e6 3 i.g5) the famous
Torre-Lasker game began, in which
the great champion not only suffered
a defeat, but also fell victim to a
famous ' windm i l l ' combination .
Then the method of play with i.g5
and the erection of the solid central
pawn triangle c3/d4/e3 began also to
be employed against the King ' s
Ind ian Defence.
Alekhine called this move ' an
attempt to oppose Indian tricks with
free piece development' .
We w il l also consider other
attempts by White to manage
without c2-c4 :
3 i.f4 i.g7, and now:
(a) 4 ltlc3 (this leads to an
acceptable position for B lack in the
Pirc-Ufimtsev Defence) 4 . . . d6 5 e4
c6 6 1i'd2 b5 ! ? (against White ' s plan
of castling long and attacking on the
kingside, B lack launches swift
counterplay on the queenside) 7
i.d3 (or 7 e5 b4 8 exf6 bxc3 9 bxc3
exf6 1 0 i.e2 0--0 with approximate
equality) 7 . . . i.g4 8 0--0-0- ltlbd7 9
h3 i.xf3 1 0 gxf3 e5 1 1 dxe5 dxe5
1 2 i.h6 i.xh6 1 3 1i'xh6 1i'b6 1 4
1i'e3 ltlh5 1 5 ltle2 0--0--0 , and after
evacuating his king Black can face
the future with confidence (Van
Parreren- W. Watson, Brocco 1 99 1 );
(b) 4 e3 b6 (the fianchetto of the
second bishop gives B lack a com­
fortable game) 5 c3 i.. b 7 6 lDbd2 c5
7 h3 0--0 8 i.e2 d6 9 0--0 lbc6 I 0
i.h2 l:le8 1 1 1i'b3 1i'c7 1 2 ltlg5 e5
and the initiative is already with
B lack (Smyslov-Gel ler, Moscow
1 96 1 ).
3 g3 (with th is move Wh ite
retains the option of transpos ing i nto
normal lines with g2-g3 ) 3 . . . i. g7 4
i.g2 0--0 5 0--0 d6, and now:
(a) 6 b3 (this attempt to fianchcl l o
the second bishop favours B lad, ,
since he has already occupied l hl·
a 1 -h8 diagonal) 6 . . . e5 7 d x c � d M· '>
8 i.b2 e4 9 1i'xd 8 l::. x dH I 0 li '"- ''
i.f5 1 1 g4 ( B lack ' s pos i 1 1 o 1 1 is
already slightly m ore pkasau t . since
1 70 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
White cannot attack once more the
e4 pawn by 1 1 l£lc3 in view of 1 1 . . .
h6 ! , exploiting the undefended .ltb2)
1 1 . . . .i.xg4 1 2 l£lxe4 l£lxe4 13 .i.xg7
�xg7 1 4 .i.xe4 l£lc6 1 S l£lc3 l£Jd4+
(Filip-Geller, Amsterdam 1 9S 8);
(b) 6 l£lc3 l£Jbd7 7 e4 eS 8 .:e t b6
9 a4 aS 1 0 b3 .i.b7 1 1 .i.b2 .:e8 1 2
'W'd2 exd4 (beginning play against
the white centre) 1 3 l£Jxd4 lDcS 1 4
f3 .:e7 1 S .:ad 1 'W'd7 1 6 'W'c 1 .:ae8.
B lack has comfortably deployed
his forces and his chances look
slightly better - White has to think
in terms of defence and watch for
Black' s possible pawn thrusts
(G.Mainka-Stohl, Germany 1 994).
3 b3 (with this move order,
before the black bishop has taken up
its post at g6, the doul;)le fianchetto
is possible) 3 . . . .i.g7 4 .i.b2 0-0 S g3
(after S e3 it is advisable for Black
to transpose into a good version of a
Grtinfeld structure - S . . . dS 6 c4 c6 7
l£lc3 aS 8 a4 l£la6 9 .i.d3 l£lb4 1 0
0-0 .i.g4 1 1 .i.e2 .i.fS, when he has
no problems, Strome-A.Grigorian,
Szeged 1 994) S . . . cS (here too the
transposition into a Grtinfeld
structure is possible: S . . . dS ! ? 6 .i.g2
cS 7 0-0 cxd4 8 l£Jxd4 eS 9 l£Jf3 e4
1 0 l£Jd4 l:.e8 1 1 l£la3 e3 , and Black
actively fights for the initiative,
Secula-Smyslov, Germany 1 99 1 ) 6
dxcS 'W'aS+ 7 'W'd2 'W'xcS 8 l£lc3 dS !
with good chances for Black (Yudo­
vich-Kholmov, Moscow 1 966).
3 Jtg7
4 l£Jbd2
Black handled the position
successfully in the game Sorokin­
Sakaev (St Petersburg 1 993) where
the rare move 4 c3 was played.
After 4 . . . cS ! ? S dxcS l£la6 6 'W'd4
l£lc7 7 l£Jbd2 l£le6 8 'W'c4 b6 9 cxb6
'W'xb6 1 0 'W'b3 'flc7 1 1 .lth4 ( 1 1
'flc4 'flb6=) l l . . l:.b8 1 2 'flc2 he
.
could have gained good play for the
pawn by 1 2 . . . 'W'b7 (Sakaev).
4 c5
An energetic way of countering
White's set-up. Black immediately
attacks the d4 pawn, at the same
time opening a convenient route for
 Torre Attack
his queen to the queenside. White
can choose 5 �xf6 (14.1) or 5 e3
(14.2); in this second section we will
also consider 5 c3.
5 dxc5 can be met by s . . . �a6 6
�b3 �xcS 7 �xcS 1i'a5+ with
equality.
14. 1 (1 d4 �f6 2 �f3 g6 3 .*.g5
.*.g7 4 �bd2 c5)
5 �xf6
This leads to lively play involving
the tactical idea of �e4.
S �xf6
5 exf6 6 �4 ! ? looks unpleasant
•••
for B lack.
6 �e4 �xd4
7 �xd4 cxd4
8 'ifxd4 0--0
An important pos1t1on for the
assessment of the variation. White is
slightly ahead in development and
has control of the half-open d-file.
However, Black can regain a tempo
thanks to the position of the 'ifd4
and can obtain a pawn superiority in
171
the centre. In general the position is
one of dynamic balance.
9 c4
If 9 �c3 B lack achieves a
comfortable game by 9 . . . �c6 1 0
1i'd2 1i'b6 ! (attacking the b2 and f2
pawns) 1 1 l:b l ( 1 1 h4 1i'xb2 1 2 l:tb l
1i'a3 1 3 hS leads to unclear play -
Gulko) 1 1 . . .1i'd4 1 2 l:td l 'ifxd2+ 1 3
l:txd2 d6 1 4 �d5 b5 ! , creating
pressure on the queenside (Miles­
Gulko, USA 1 987).
9 0--0--0 �c6 10 1i'd2 dS ! ? (a
pawn sacrifice for the sake of
activity), and now:
(a) 1 1 �g3 i.e6 1 2 e3 l:tc8 1 3
�b 1 1i'b6 1 4 �2 (better 1 4 �d3
d4 ! 1 5 exd4 .*.xa2+ 1 6 �xa2 �b4+
1 7 �b l 1i'a5 1 8 c3 'ifa2+ 1 9 �c l
'ifal + 20 �b l �a2+ 2 1 �c2 �b4+
with a draw by perpetual check)
1 4 . . . d4 ! 1 5 �c l �b4 1 6 �d3 �d5 !
with advantage to Black (V .Ag­
zamov-Loginov, Tashkent 1 986);
(b) 1 1 1i'xd5 1i'c7 12 1i'c5 (after
1 2 'ifg5 �f5 1 3 �c3 �b4 B lack has
compensation for the pawn) 1 2 . . . b6
1 3 1i'c3 ( 1 3 1i'e3 �b4) 1 3 . . . 1i'f4+ 1 4
1i'e3 1i'xe3+ 1 5 fxe3 �eS (Kova­
cevic-Stean, Zagreb 1 972). Despite
being a pawn down, Black' s
chances are not worse - Wh ite is
behind in development, and his c 3
pawn i s also weak.
9 �c6
10 1i'd2 d6
11 �c3 �e6
12 e4 'ifb6
The critical posit ion of l l w
variation.
1 72 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
In the game Spiridonov-Kasparov
(Skara 1 980) White chose 13 l::td 1 ? ! ,
and after 1 3 . . . lbe5 ! (creating an
' eternal ' square for the knight at eS)
14 b3 fS 15 .i.e2 (or 1 5 exfS :xf5
1 6 lbe4 l:.af8 1 7 .i.e2 l:.f4 with a
clear advantage - Kasparov) 1 5 . . . f4
1 6 lbdS .i.xdS 1 7 'iVxdS+ 9ilg7
Black' s chances proved better - the
lbeS dominates the play.
13 .i.e2 1i'd4 1 4 l:td 1 1i'xd2+ 1 5
l:.xd2 was more accurate, when
although Black' s chances in the
ending look slightly preferable,
White can hold the position.
14.2 (1 d4 lbf6 2 lbfJ g6 3 .i.gS
.i.g7 4 lbbd2 tS)
s e3
White aims for the set-up with the
familiar pawn triangle in the centre.
If he begins with S d (planning e2-
e4), the difference is that the e-file is
opened instead of the c-file in the
event of the exchange on d4:
5 . . . cxd4 6 cxd4 0--0 7 e3 lbc6 8
.i.e2 (after 8 .i.d3 d6 9 0--0 .i.d7 1 0
h3 l:tc8 1 1 a3 a6 1 2 'iFe2 lbd5 1 3 e4
lbc7 1 4 dS lbd4 1 5 lbxd4 .i.xd4 1 6
ll:lc4 .i.bS 1 7 l:tad 1 .i.xc4 1 8 .i.xc4
.i.g7 B lack has a nonnal position,
Manor-V . Spasov, Tunja 1 989) 8 . . .
d 6 9 0--0 h 6 ( 9 . . . .i.fS i s also good)
1 0 .i.h4 (Balashov-Lanka, Russia
1 988), and here the standard 1 0 . . . eS
would have led to a roughly equal
game.
S exd4
The most rational plan. After
relieving·'the tension in the centre,
B lack is ready for a counter-attack
against the d4 pawn by . . . e7-e5 .
6 exd4 0--0
7 i.. d3
After 7 i.. e2 Black again obtains
counterplay by standard methods:
7 . . . ll:lc6 8 c3 d6 9 0--0 h6 1 0 i.. h 4
1i'c7 (planning . . . e7-e5) 1 1 .i.g3
ll:lhS 1 2 lbe 1 ll:lxg3 1 3 hxg3 eS 1 4
dS ll:lb8 1 5 g4 ll:ld7 1 6 l::tc 1 lbf6 1 7
c4 aS 1 8 lbc2 .i.d7 (Barta-Lanka,
Paris 1 990), and with . . f7-f5 he
.
gains attacking chances.
 Torre Attack 1 73

After 7 .i.c4 ltlc6 8 c3 d6 9 0--0 b3 ltlfl 2 0 hxg6 hxg6 2 1 J:tad I %:tfe8

h6 1 0 .i.h4 (Malanyuk-Tkachiev, with not at all a bad game for Black
Cappelle la Grande 1 995) Black - he was able later to advance his
should have played I O . . . eS ! ? With 'trump ' e- and f-pawns and win.
an acceptable game.
7 ltlc6
8 c3 d6
9 0--0 ...c7
Here too 9 . . . h6 is possible, but
Black is aiming for . . . e7-e5 .
10 J:tel e5
11 d:x.e5 d:x.e5
12 ltlc4 ltle8
13 ...el f6
14 .i.dl .i.e6
We are following the game
Vyzhmanavin-Lanka (Novosibirsk
1 986) which (see diagram next However, after 15 l:ad 1 J:td8 1 6
column) continued 15 b4 ltle7 1 6 hS .i.c l ltle7 (or 1 6 . . .ltld6 ! ?) his
J:td8 1 7 ltle3 ltld6 1 8 .i.c2 'W'b6 1 9 position is again sufficiently sound.
15 Trom pows ky Attack
1 d4 �f6
2 i.. g5
This original opening, named
after the Brazilian master Octavio
Trompowsky, is the favourite
weapon of the English GM Julian
Hodgson.
We will also consider other rare
moves for White after l . . . �f6:
2 c3 g6 (2 . . . dS is a good
alternative, transposing into a sound
Queen ' s Pawn Opening set-up) 3
i.gS i.g7 4 �d2 0-0 S e4 d6 6
�gf3 (after 6 f4 cS 7 dxcS dxcS 8
i.. c4 �c6 9 �gf3 �aS I 0 i.e2 �g4
1 1 �fl 'Wb6 B lack begins active
play, Klaric-Kasparov, Graz 1 98 1 )
6 . . .cS (com mencing the usual play
against the white centre) 7 dxcS
(little is prom ised by 7 i.. e2 h6 ! ? 8
i.h4 cxd4 9 �xd4 �c6 I 0 0-0
dS ! =, Rossetto-Parma, Mar del Plata
1 962) 7 . . . dxcS 8 i.. e2 (8 'Wc2 �c6 9
i.. e 2 i.. e 6 1 0 0-0 Malanyuk-Ravi,
,
Calcutta 1 993, I 0 . . . 'Wc7 ! ?, or 8
i.. c4 �c6 9 0-0 �S I 0 i.. e 2 i.. e 6
1 1 lte 1 a6 1 2 W'c2 bS, Malanyuk­
Marin, Salimanesti 1 992 - in both
cases with an acceptable game for
Black) 8 . . . �c6 9 0-0 W'c7 1 0 •c2
l:ld8 1 1 l:lfe 1 h6 1 2 i.. h4 �hS
(Black carries out a regrouping of
his minor pieces that is typical of the
given set-up: . . . i.. e 6, . . . �f4,
. . . �eS , and easily solves his
opening problems) 1 3 �c4 i.. e6 1 4
�3 �f4 1 S i.. fl �eS (Yusupov­ =
Kasparov, Riga 1 99S).
2 g3 (this move is not usually of
independent significance, but is a
way of transposing to known varia­
tions) 2 . . . cS ! ? (exploiting White's
rather slow play, Black immediately
begins activity on the queenside;
2 . . g6 is also possible, transposing
.
into famiUar King's Indian l ines) 3
dS (if 3 lLJf3 there follows 3 . •as+ . .
4 �3 cxd4 S �xd4 �e4 6 i.. d2
�xd2 7 'ii'xd2 �c6 with equality -
Adorjan) 3 . . . bS 4 i.. g2 d6 (or
4 . . . i.b7 ! ?) S �f3 g6 6 c4 a6 (also
interesting is 6 . . . i.. g 7 7 cxbS a6 ! ?,
transposing into a Benko Gambit,
but that is another story . . . ) 7 a4 b4 8
b3 i.g7 9 i..b 2 0-0 1 0 �bd2 lta7 ! ?
B lack has a flexible position (he
plans . . . e7-e6) with sufficient
counterplay (Csom-Adorjan, Hun­
gary 1 989).
 Trompowsky A ttack
2 tt::l c3 d5 ! - the most accurate,
hindering White ' s pawn operations
in the centre :
(a) 3 e4?! (this, the Blackmar­
Diemer Gambit, is inadequate)
3 . . dxe4 4 f.3 exD 5 tt::l xD i.g4 (the
.
alternative is 5 . . . g6) 6 h3 i.xD 7
'it'xD c6 8 i.e3 e6 9 i.d3 tt::lbd 7 1 0
0--{) i.e7 1 1 g4 (an attempt to create
pressure on the f-file) 1 1 . . . h6.
White has the two bishops and
sl ightly more space. Black has held
on to the gambit pawn with a sound
position, and his chances are better;
(b) 3 tt::l n tt::le4 ! ? (a very interes­
ting idea of i .Zaitsev) 4 tt::l xe4 (there
does not appear to be any other sen­
sible move - Black was threatening
to spoil White ' s queenside pawns)
4 . . . dxe4 5 tt::lg 5 i.f5 (5 . . . tt::lc6 is
also possible) 6 f.3 exD 7 exD tt::lc 6 .
Black has good piece play;
(c) 3 f.3 (at the cost of a certain
delay with his development, White
aims to set up a strong pawn centre)
3 . . . c5 ! ? (the most thematic reply,
immediately striking at the centre) 4
e3 (if 4 dxc5 the simplest is 4 . . . e6;
also after 4 i.g5 there is no need to
go in for complications by 4 . . . cxd4,
the simple 4 . . . e6 being better, when
it is difficult for White to set up a
pawn centre, and without this the
pawn at f.3 looks rather ridiculous)
4 . . . e6 5 i.b5+ tt::lc6 6 tt::l ge2 'it'c7 7
e4 dxe4 8 fxe4 cxd4 9 1i'xd4 i.d7:f.
Of White ' s centre only an ' isolani'
remains, and Black has no problems
(Schouten-Sziva, Belgium 1 997);
(d) 3 i.g5 .
1 75
This, the Veresov Opening, is the
most popular continuation . White
defers the clash in the centre until
later, and continues his develop­
ment. 3 . . . tt::l bd7 (retaining the
option of recapturing on f6 with the
knight), and now:
(d 1 ) 4 f.3 (this move, intending
e2-e4, is not very promising) 4 . . . e6 !
(sounder than the more usual 4 . . . c5
- Black reinforces his central
bulwark, the d5 pawn, in order to
play the thematic . . . c7-c5 at the
required moment; White's centre, by
contrast, is not very secure) 5 e4 h6
6 i.h4 dxe4 7 fxe4 i.b4 8 'it'D c5 9
0--0--0 cxd4 1 0 :xd4 1i'a5 with an
excellent game for Black (Sahovic­
Tseshkovsky, B led 1 979);
(d2) 4 tt::lD h6 (it is useful to force
the white bishop to declare its
intentions - at h4 it may be attacked
by . . . g7-g5 ; also satisfactory is 4. . .
e6 5 e3 i.e7 6 i.e2 c5 7 0-0 0 0 M
a4 b6 9 a5 bxa5 ! ? 1 0 tt::ld 2 cxd4 1 1
exd4 i.b7 1 2 tt::l b3 i.b4, when i t i s
not easy for Wh ite t o rc�u i n h i '>
1 76 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
pawn, Dydyshko-Sadler, Pula 1 997)
S j_h4 e6 6 e4 (White also gains no
advantage by 6 e3 J.. e 7 7 �eS �xeS
8 dxeS �d7 9 J.. g3 J..b4 1 0 1i'g4
i.xc3+ 1 1 bxc3 •ss, Hort-Smetan,
Biel 1 982) 6 . . . gS 7 i.g3 �xe4 8
�xe4 dxe4 9 �eS (after 9 �d2 i.g7
1 0 h4 j_xd4 1 1 c3 j_es 1 2 �xe4
j_xg3 1 3 fxg3 gxh4 1 4 l:lxh4 •e7
Black gains the advantage, Galkin­
Volzhin, Perm 1 997) 9 . . . j_g7 1 0 h4
�xeS 1 1 j_xeS j_xeS 1 2 dxeS j_d7
1 3 •s4 •e7 14 0-0--0 0--0-0
(Reynolds-Nunn, London 1 987). In
this complicated position Black ' s
chances are better - h i s bishop goes
to c6 where it will exert pressure on
White' s position.
2 �e4
The most critical reaction to the
Trompowsky- Hodgson Attack. The
j_gs has to dec lare its ihtentions.
3 .tf4
A flexible continuation. W ith f2-
f3 White will drive the �e4 from i ts
active position an d try to set up a
solid pawn chain in the centre
(f3+e4). The drawbacks to this
strategy are that it deprives the
king's knight of its best devel­
opment square (f3) and that it is
rather slow. Black must play ener­
getically, immediately provoking a
clash in the centre.
White 's other possibilities:
3 j_h4 cS 4 f3 (if 4 dS �6 S
1i'c 1 there follows S . . . gS 6 j_gJ
i.g7 7 c3 �6! and Black seizes the
initiative, O.Rodriguez-Hort, Las
Palmas 1 97S) 4 . . . gS ! ? (the basic
idea of B lack ' s counterplay, ' latch­
ing on' to the j_h4) S fxe4 gxh4 6
e3 (weaker is 6 �c3 cxd4 ! 7 •xd4
l:lg8 8 eS �c6 9 •e4 •as 1 0 �f3
d6 1 1 0-0--0 i.e6 when White i s
forced onto the defensive, Kunc­
O.Moiseev, corr. 1 970) 6 . . . j_h6
(taking aim at the e3 pawn) 7 �f2
(after 7 i.c4 e6 8 •hs •sS ! ? 9
•xgS j_xgS White has problems,
Bellon-Schmidt, Biel 1 990) 7 . cxd4
. .
8 exd4 eS (exploiting the idea of 9
dxeS? 1i'b6+, Black strikes a blow in
the centre) 9 �f3 �c6 1 0 c3 d6.
 Trompowsky Attack
Black' s chances are not worse -
his two bishops and the exposed
position of the opponent' s king fully
compensate for the spoiling of his
kingside pawns (Voloshin-Golubev,
Alushta 1 993 ).
3 h4 (an eccentric continuation;
in the event of the exchange on g5,
White counts on creating pressure
on the h-file) 3 . . . d5 (the alternative
is 3 . . . c5) 4 �d2 �xg5 (now this
exchange is appropriate, since Black
can play his bishop to fS) 5 hxg5
.i.fS 6 e3 e6 7 g4 .i.g6 8 f4 c5
(8 . . . �d7! ?) 9 �gf3 (Black' s chan­
ces are also preferable after 9 1Vf3
'ird7 ! ?) 9 . . . �c6 1 0 c3 1Vb6.
We are following the game
Hodgson-Gufeld (Hastings 1 986/7,
which continued 1 1 �h4?! 'irxb2 1 2
�xg6 ( 1 2 f5 exf5 1 3 gxfS .i.h5+)
1 2 . . . fxg6 1 3 l:[b 1 1rxc3 14 l:[b3 1Va5
1 5 .:xb7 c4 ! , when Black had an
undisputed advantage. However,
even after 1 1 'irb3 1Vxb3 White
faces a gruelling battle for equality.
3 c5
1 77
The most popular and logical
continuation Black attacks
White's central pawn, at the same
time opening a way for his queen to
the queenside. The alternative Js
3 d5.
•.•
4 f3
Other continuations for White:
4 c3 1Vb6 5 f3 �f6 (5 . . . 'irxb2 6
fxe4 ! ? is unclear) 6 b3 (after Hort's
recommendation of 6 .i.c 1 cxd4 7
1rxd4 1rxd4 8 cxd4 d5 Black again
has nothing to complain of) 6 . . . cxd4
7 1rxd4 1Vxd4 8 cxd4 �c6 9 .ic3
d5 and Black' s position is already
preferable (Bohm-Geller, Moscow
1 975).
4 dS 'irb6 (reminding Wh ite that
his b2 pawn is unprotected) 5 lild2
(after 5 'irc l c4 ! 6 e3 'iraS+ 7 lild
�xc3 8 'ifd2 e6! 9 bxc3 exdS Wh i te
has problems - Rotshtein; or 5 iLc I
'iraS+!? - forcing White to take
away the natural square fi.u t he
development of his �b I - 6 c l li)f�,
7 .i.gS 1Vb6, and B la c k s dumn·�
'
are not worse) 5 . . .lilxd2 (, .i. xt l .'
I 7M An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

'W' x h2 7 c4 e6 ! ? (attacking the white 8 lLlc6!

�. e n t re at j u st the right time) 8 .i.d3 Black prepares to attack the white
( or 8 li)IJ exd5 9 exd5 d6=F) 8 . . . exd5 centre.
9 cxd5 'ii' d 4 ! ? and it is not easy for 9 e4
Wh ite to demonstrate that he has Or 9 d5 e5 !
compensation for the pawn. 9 eS!
4 'ii'aS+
A fam iliar idea - the c-pawn is
inv ited to occupy the lawful square
of t he lLlb 1 .
5 c3 ll)f6
6 liJd l
Sharp play results from 6 dS
'ii' b6 ! ? 7 b3 e6 8 e4 exdS 9 exdS
.i.d6 1 0 lLlh3 0-0 1 1 'ii'd 2 l1e8+ 1 2
.i.e2 c4 ! 1 3 .i.xd6 (after 1 3 bxc4
.i.c5 the white king risks having to
remain in the centre) 1 3 . . . 'ii'xd6 1 4
bxc4 bS ! ? ( a typical way of
undermining the dS pawn) 1 5 cxbS Putting into effect the main idea
(I . Sokolov-Smirin, Wijk aan Zee of B lack's counterplay. After 1 0
1 993 ), and now 1 5 . . . liJxd5 ( 1 6 c4 dxe5 .i.b4+ 1 1 �e2 (if 1 1 ..td2
'ii'e 5 ! ) would have given Black lLlxe5 12 .i.xb4 'ii'xb4+ 1 3 'ii'd2
sufficient play for the pawn. 'ii'xd2+ 1 4 liJxd2 d5 ! or 1 1 liJd2
6 cxd4 lLlhS with an excellent game)
7 lLlb3 'ii' b6 1 I . . .lLlxeS 1 2 'ii'd4 lLlg6 he achieved
8 cxd4 a promising position - White has to
8 'ii'x d4 lLlc6 ! ? 9 'ii'xb6 axb6 1 0 solve the problem of his ' developed'
.i.e3 bS 1 1 liJd4 lLlxd4 1 2 .i.xd4 e6 king (Hodgson-Gelfand, Groningen
leads to equality. 1 996).
16 E n g l is h O pe n i n g
1 c4
This popular opening, developed
by the 1 9th century English
Champion Howard Staunton, has
been adopted by many well-known
modem grandmasters, including
World Champions Garry Kasparov
and Anatoly Karpov and the young
super-star Vladimir Kramnik.
The attraction of White's first
move is that it gives him a wide
choice of subsequent plans and
allows him, for the time being, to
camouflage his intentions. But the
true King's Indian player will not be
surprised by such a move. The
attraction of this opening is its
universal ity - after practically any
move order he can achieve his
favourite set-up.
1 �f6
A good alternative is 1 ... g6 2 e4
i.. g 7 3 �c3 (3 d4 d6 4 �c3 �f6
leads to the basic position of the
King's Indian) 3 . . . d6 4 g3 �f6 5
i.. g2 0-0 , transposing into the main
variation.
2 �fJ
The same position arises if White
tries to play the Reti Opening: 1
�f3 �f6 2 c4.
With 2 �cl White can retain the
option of transposing into the plan
with e2-e4 and �ge2 : 2 . . . g6 3 g3
i.. g7 4 i.. g2 0-0 , and now:
(a) 5 �f3 d6 6 0-0 eS 7 d3 (7 d4
�bd7 transposes into the King' s
Indian Defence) 7 . . .� 6 8 %lb l a S 9
a3 %1e8 (preparing to counter
White's queenside activity with play
in the centre) 1 0 i.. g S ( 1 0 b4 axb4
1 1 axb4 is met by 1 1 . . . e4 ! ) I O . . . h6
1 1 i.. xf6 i.. xf6 1 2 b4 axb4 1 3 axb4
i.. g7 1 4 bS �e7 ( 1 4 . . . �d4 I S �d2
%1a3 is also satisfactory, Krivo­
nogov-Yutaev, Kstovo 1 997) I S
W'c2 c6 1 6 �d2 i.. e6 1 7 bxc6 bxc6
1 8 %1b7 dS and Black has a good
game - a powerful centre and p l ay
with . . . eS-e4 (Andersson-Shirov,
Monaco 1 997);
(b) S e4 d6 6 �ge2 �c6 ! ? 7 dJ c 5
8 0-0 i..e 6 9 %1b l a S 1 0 a 3 'ii'd 7 1 1
b4 axb4 1 2 axb4 �g4 ! ? and B l a c k ' s
chances are not worse - h e has har
moniously developed pieces, a sol id
pawn chain, and chances o f p l n y
over the entire board ( < il' l l l l l
Kalinichenko, Moscow 1 99 1 ) .
I HO An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
2 g6
3 b4
White carries out the 'extended
fianchetto' , aiming to expand his
territorial gains on the queenside.
We also consider the normal
fianchetto: 3 b3 i.g7 4 i.b2 0--{),
and now:
(a) 5 e3 d6 6 i.e2 eS 7 0--{) l:te8
(or 7 . . . ltlbd7) 8 d3 ltlc6 9 ltlc3 dS 1 0
cxdS lLlxdS 1 1 l:tc 1 a5 1 2 'ifc2
ltlcb4 1 3 'ifb 1 ltlxc3 1 4 i.xc3 cS 1 5
l:tfd 1 b6 with equal ity (Niklasson­
Vaganian, Skara 1 980);
(b) 5 g3 d6 6 i.g2 eS (or 6 ... a5 ! ?)
7 0--{) l:te8 8 ltlc3 c6 9 e3 (9 e4 leads
to a King's Indian set-up) 9 . . . ltlbd7.
The chances are roughly equal.
Black meets I 0 d4 with 1 0 . . . e4 I 1
ltld2 dS, seizing space in the centre.
3 i.g7
4 i. b2 0--0
5 e3
In this position too the plan with
i.g2 is encountered: 5 g3 d6 6 i.g2
eS 7 0--{) (or 7 ltlc3 ltlc6 8 bS ltld4 9
0--{) i.g4 1 0 ltle 1 'ifc8 1 1 f3 i.h3 1 2
e 3 i.xg2 1 3 ltlxg2 ltle6 1 4 d3 c6 1 5
a4 dS with a good game for B lack,
Polugayevsky-Van Wely, Gronin-
gen I 993 ) 7 . . . ltlbd7 8 d3 'ike7 (also
possible is 8 . . . ltlh5 !? 9 ltlc3 f5co,
Plachetka-Tal, Kapfenberg I 970) 9
ltlbd2 c6 I 0 'ifb3 aS 1 1 a3 a4 I 2
'ikc2 dS 1 3 e3 bS ! ? 1 4 cxbS cxb5 1 5
l:tac I i.a6 1 6 'ikb I ltle8 (Stein­
Tseshkovsky, Sochi 1 970). Black
has halted White's play on the
queenside and covered the invasion
squares on the c-file. Given the
opportunity, he will begin advancing
his kingside pawns. The chances are
roughly equal.
5 d6
For the alternative 5 b6!? cf.
...
Illustrative Game No. 15 (Smyslov­
Gufeld, Moscow 1 967).
6 i.e2 e5
7 d3 l:te8
Black prepares . . . e5-e4.
8 0--0 a5
9 b5 e4
Black forces exchanges in the
centre and achieves an equal game.
 English Opening
Korchnoi-Glek (Budapest 1 996)
continued 1 0 dxe4 l£lxe4 1 1 l£ld4
l£Jd7 1 2 l£lc3 l£lxc3 1 3 .i.xc3 l£lc5
1 4 l:lc l l£le4 ( 1 4 . . . .i.d7 ! ?) 1 5 .i.a 1
.i.d7 1 6 .i.f3 b6 1 7 'ifc2 'fle7 1 8
l:lfd 1 l:lac8 1 9 l£lc6 .i.xc6 20 bxc6
.i.xa l 2 1 l:lxa l f5 ! ? with a very
slight initiative for B lack, although
the position is still close to equal.
Game 1 5 (p. l 80)
Smyslov-Gufeld
Moscow 1 967
1 c4 l£lf6
l ll)fJ g6
3 b4
Curiously, this was the exact
course taken by the classic game
Reti-Capablanca (New York 1 924),
in which the World Champion
suffered a sensational defeat after
being undefeated for eight whole
years!
3 .i.g7
4 .i.bl 0-0
s e3
In the Reti-Capablanca game
Black easily equalised after 5 g3 b6
6 .i.g2 .i.b7 7 0-0 d6, and only lost
as a result of a mistake in the
m iddlegame.
s b6
Black chooses the same set-up as
Capablanca. 5 . . . d6 is also good - cf.
the analysis.
In general it has to be said that the
system of play chosen by White
gives him few chances of gaining an
advantage.
181
6 d4
An aggressive idea, after wh ich
Black faces a difficult choice - he is
threatened with ' suffocation' in the
centre.
6 cS!
The correct plan. With the oppo­
nent not yet castled, the opening of
lines, even where he looks stronger,
gives B lack counterchances.
7 dxcS bxcS
8 bS a6
9 a4
By drawing White into a conflict
on the queenside, Black has diverted
his attention from the normal
mobilisation of his forces, and in
compensation for the seemingly
dangerous white pawn wedge he can
operate successfully on other parts
of the board. Now 9 ... .i.b7 is good,
with comfortable development, but
the sharp continuation chosen is also
possible - it is based on the
unsettled state of the white king.
9 l£le4!?
The game enters a phase of
fascinating tactical complications.
10 .i.xg7 �g7
11 'ifdS!
White is obliged to accept the
challenge. Quiet development by 1 1
.i.d3 'fla5+ 1 2 l£Jbd2 l£Jxd2 1 3
'flxd2 axb5 1 4 cxb5 d5 allows Black
an excellent game.
11 'flaS+
1l �el !
This too is necessary. After 1 2
l£Jbd2 l£Jxd2 1 3 l£Jxd2 axb5 ! Black
already has the advantage.
1 82 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player
It would appear that Black is
intending 1 2 . . . lDc3+ 1 3 �xc3 •xc3
1 4 ...xa8 'ti'xa l , and 1 5 1i'xb8 is
dangerous in view of 1 5 . . . d6 ! , when
he can count on at least perpetual
check. But in reply Smyslov had
prepared the subtle move 1 4 l:.d 1 ! ,
and after 1 4 . . .1Lt 7 1 5 1i'xc5 and 1 6
...d4+ White has a clear advantage.
The impression is that Black has
miscalculated, but there follows the
stunning:
12 �b7 ! !
13 ...xb7
This reply is clearly forced.
13 �6!
A second 'wild' move. The
positional basis for the two
successive piece sacrifices is the
undeveloped state of White's pieces,
the exposed position of his king, and
also the possibility of pursuing his
queen.
14 �fd2
1 4 bxc6 l:.ab8 1 5 �fd2 would
have transposed into the game, but
excessive greed ( 1 5 •xd7) would
have cost White dearly: 1 5 . . . l:.fd8!
and, despite his great material ad­
vantage, his position is indefensible.
14 l:.a7
15 bxc6!
Much worse is 1 5 ...xa7 �xa7 1 6
�xe4 axb5 1 7 cxb5 �xbS with
advantage to Black .
15 :xb7
16 cxb7
The storm has died down some­
what. White has a material advan­
tage, but Black has the initiative.
16 ... b4
Black decides to play with a
certain degree of risk. After
1 6 . . . �d6 1 7 g3 �xb7 1 8 �g2 �d6
1 9 l:.c 1 l:.b8 attack and defence
balance one another, which testifies
to the correctness of his entire play.
17 �xe4?!
Smyslov decides to give up the
exchange, but to retain his b7 pawn.
1 7 l:.a2 ! was stronger, when Black
would have had to reconcile himself
to 1 7 . . . f5 or 1 7 . . . �f6 with a
complicated game (after 1 7 . . . Wxb7
 English Opening 1 83

1 8 �xe4 •xe4 1 9 �d2 or protected passed c-pawn , W h i t e

1 8 . . .•xb 1 1 9 �c3 'ifc 1 20 �d3 ! with active play can c ount o n a
White would have consol idated his draw.
position and repulsed the attack). But it turns out that th e re is one
17 1Wb2+ further important factor in the
18 �bd2 'ifxa1 position - the vulnerability of the
1 9 �xc5 �d7.
White still has a material 24 l:tb2
advantage: three minor pieces and a 25 lld 1 e6
pawn for the queen. But the whole 26 c6
problem is that he has not improved At the cost of two pawns the
the position of his king or his knight could sti ll have escaped from
kingside pieces. the trap: 26 �b6 'ii'xc5 27 aS 'ii'xa5
19 l:t b8 28 �bc4, but here Black has the
20 g3 'ii'a3 ! advantage.
After the ' natural ' 20 . . . d6? 2 1 26 'ifc4+
�d7 ! l:txb7 22 .i.g2 �2 23 l:tb 1 27 �el 'ii'd3 !
White would have won. Black The c-pawn will not run away; for
moves his queen off the back rank the moment Black can pick up the
j ust in time. one at e3 .
21 �xd7?! 28 .i.n 'ifxe3+
This often happens, when a player 29 .i.e2
suddenly feels the ground slipping
under his feet. Not long ago it
seemed to Smyslov that he stood
better, and suddenly after the logical
2 1 �d3 l:txb7 22 .i.g2 l:tb8 he is
also faced with the loss of his a4
pawn. He therefore seeks chances in
more lively play.
21 l:txb7
22 .i.h3 'ii'd 6
23 c5 'ifd5
24 f3
Everything seems to be in order.
The threat of 24 . . . 'ifh5+ has been Black's problem is to prevent the
parrie d, the kingside has been �d7 from returning to an acti ve
mobilised, and the a4 pawn retained. position. This is achieved by t he
In the event of 24 . . .l:txd7 25 .i.xd7 following move, one that was
'ifxd7 26 l:tc l , with rook, knight and difficult to find . . .
1 84 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

29 aS! ! This accelerates the end. After 3 3

The queen remains on guard by lt) f3 �f7 ! the king would have been
the white king, while the rook is included in the trapping of the
sent to deal with the c-pawn. The knight.
ring around the li)d7 tightens. 33
30 f4 f6 34 .ixc4
31 c7 llc2 35 �el
32 �0 :Z.xc7 White resigns
33 li)c4
17 B ird O pe n i n g
1 f4 d5
Avoiding the sharp play of the
From Gambit ( l . . .e5 ! ?), Black is
ready to play against the Dutch
Defence by the first player.
2 l£lf3
The attempt to prevent the fian­
chetto of Black ' s king' s bishop is
unsuccessful: 2 b3 .tg4 ! (hindering
the development of White's king­
side) 3 .tb2 l£lc6 4 g3? ! (better is 4
l£lf3 .txf3 5 exf3 with only a mini­
mal advantage for Black) 4 . . . e5 ! ? 5
fxe5 f6 ! with an attack for Black.
Kupreichik-Yusupov (Yerevan
1 982) continued 6 .th3 .txh3 7
exf6 l£lxf6 8 l£lxh3 J.c5 9 e3 d4 I 0
e4 0-0 1 1 d3 .tb4+ 1 2 l£ld2 l£ld5 1 3
'ffh 5 l£le3 1 4 �e2 g6, when it was
hard to offer Wh ite any good advice.
2 g6
The most precise move order.
After 2 l£lf6 3 e3 g6 4 b4! White
•••
can count on an opening initiative.
The text move prevents this plan
and allows Black smoothly to
fianchetto his king ' s bishop - the
best counter to the Dutch set-up.
White now has a choice between
3 g3 (17.1) and 3 e3 (17.2).
1 17.1 (1 f4 d5 2 l£lf3 g6)
3 g3
White develops as in the Lenin­
grad Dutch; the extra tempo gives
him additional possibilities, of
course, but these are normally suf­
ficient only for achieving approxi­
mate equality, and not an advantage.
3 .t g7
4 .t g2 l£Jf6
5 0-0
If 5 d3 the most thematic is
5 . . . l£lbd7 (5 . . . b6 is also satisfactory)
6 l£lc3 0-0 7 e4 dxe4 8 dxe4 e5 !
(Savon-Gufeld, Gori 1 97 1 ). After 9
fxe5 l£lg4 1 0 .tg5 'ife8 1 1 l£Jd5
l£Jdxe5 12 h3 ( 1 2 l£lxc7 l£lxf3+ and
1 3 . . . 'ife5) 1 2 . . . l£lxf3+ 1 3 'ffx f3 'ffe 5 !
1 4 .te7 :e8 ! 1 5 hxg4 :xe7 1 6
l£lxe7+ 'ffxe7 1 7 0--{)..-0 J.e6 1 8
�b 1 1i'b4 1 9 'ft'a3 'ifxa3 20 bxa3
J.xg4 White ended up in a difficult
situation.
5 0--0
6 d3 b6
In this set-up too the deve l opment
of the light-square bis h op on the
1 86 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

long diagonal is the most bishop at e2, while the dark-square

acceptable. bishop is developed on the long
7 Wet �b7 diagonal or for the time being
8 h3 lDbd7 remains in its initial position . In this
The alternative is 8 ... cS! ? set-up too it is best for Black to
9 g4 :es fianchetto his king's bishop.
10 lDc3 lDcS

The two sides have completed
their development and the outcome
of the opening can be considered
satisfactory for B lack - he has
hindered White ' s e2-e4 and is ready
in some cases to play . . . e7-e5
himself. Savchenko-Hoeksema
(Groningen 1 99 1 ) continued 1 1 'ifg3
Wd6 1 2 lDb5 1i'd7 1 3 lDbd4 lDe6 1 4
lDxe6 'ifxe6 1 5 f5 1i'd6 1 6 1i'f2 e5
1 7 fxe6 fxe6 1 8 Wh4 e5 19 �h6
1i'f8 and B lack's chances were not
worse.
l t 7.2 (1 f4 dS 2 lDf3 g6)
3 e3
Here White bases his play on the
classical ideas of the Dutch Defence
- he develops his light-square
3 � g7
4 �el
White can switch to a ' stonewall '
set-up with 4 d 4 lDf6 5 �d3 0---0 6
0---0 c5 7 c3 b6 (also good is 7 . . .1i'b6
8 lDbd2 �f5, exchanging the �d3
and strengthening Black's control of
the key e4 square, Ragozin­
Makogonov, USSR 1 940) 8 lDbd2
�a6 9 �xa6 lDxa6 1 0 1i'a4 lDc7
(Hicki-Kindermann, Munich 1 989).
The two sides' chances are roughly
equal, only Black must watch for the
possibility of White playing b2-b4-
b5 and lDe5, seizin g control of c6
and building up an attack on the
queenside.
4 c4 has also been played:
4 . . . lDf6 5 lDc3 c6 6 .i.e2 0---0 7 0---0
lDbd7 8 d4 dxc4 ! ? (aiming, in the
event of the capture on c4, to gain
 Bird Opening 1 87

time by . . . �b6) 9 a4 aS 1 0 e4 �b6 1 1 .txg7 �xg7=) 8 d4 ! (a good

. . .

1 1 �e5 �e8 (now the d4 pawn is move, hindering White in h i s batt le

hanging) 1 2 .te3 �d6 with a solid for the e5 square and creating
position for B lack - White still has tension in the centre at the right
to regain the c4 pawn (HUbner­ time) 9 �a3 �d5 1 0 .tc4 e6 1 1
Witbnann, Manila 1 992). �g5 b6 1 2 c3 .tb7 1 3 exd4 �xf4
It should be mentioned that, 1 4 �e4 e5 ! ? 1 5 dxe5 �d3 1 6 .txd3
thanks to the precise move order, 1i'xd3 1 7 l:f3 1i'd8 1 8 �f6+ .txf6
White is denied the possibility of 4 1 9 exf6 l:e8 20 1i'h4 l:e2. Black has
b3 - one of the popular set-ups after a strong initiative for the pawn
1 f4 d5 2 �f3 �f6. (Sale-Wells, Budapest 1 993 ).
4 �f6 6 e5
Entering the main l ine. Also 7 1i'e1 �e6
possible is 4 e5 5 0-0 �h6 ! ?,
•.. 8 e3
hindering the development of After 8 1i'h4 b6 9 �bd2 .ta6 1 0
White' s queenside. �e5 �xe5 1 1 fxe5 �d7 Black has
5 0-0 0-0 nothing to fear (Larsen-Benko,
6 d3 Portoroz 1 95 8).
8 b6
9 �a3 .ta6
10 e4 e4! ?
The point of B lack's 9th move
becomes clear - he is able to
provoke a clash in the centre.
11 dxe4 dxe4
12 �e5 1i'e7
13 �xe6 1i'xe6

Other possibilities:
6 �e5 �bd7 7 .tf3 �xe5 8 fxe5
�e4 9 c4 .txe5 1 0 cxd5 �g5, and
Black's chances are not worse - he
exchanges the opponent' s light­
square bishop and remains with the
two bishops.
6 b3 c5 7 .tb2 �6 8 1i'e 1 (or 8
�5 .td7 9 d3 �e8 1 0 �xc6 .txc6
1 88 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

Black has successfully solved his accurately to avoid ending up in an

opening problems: he is well inferior position (Rasidovic­
mobilised and has a pawn outpost in Mirkovic, Yugoslavia 1 99 1 )
.

the centre. White must play

 I n dex of Variations

PART 1: WHITE REPERTOIRE

1 Sicilian Defence
1 e4 cS 2 c3 9
1.1 2 . . . eS 1 0
1 .2 2 . . . d6 3 d4 lLlf6 4 .i.d3 1 1
1 .2 1 4 . . . cxd4 12
1 .22 4 . . . �6 12
1 .23 4 . . . g6 13
1 .3 2 . . . e6 14
1 .4 2 . . . dS 3 exdS 1i'xdS 4 d4 15
1 .4 1 4 . . . lLlc6 S lLlf3 1 6
1 .4 1 1 s . . . .i.g4 1 7
1 .4 1 2 s cxd4 18
. . .

1 .4 1 3 s . lLlf6 1 9
. .

1 .42 4 . . . lLlf6 20
1 .5 2 . . . lLlf6 23

l Scotch Game
1 e4 eS 2 �3 2 7
2. 1 2 . . . �6 3 lLlf3 2 7
2.2 2 . . . lLlf6 3 lLlf3 �6 4 d4 29
2.2 1 4 . . .i.b4 30
.

2.22 4 . . . exd4 S �d4 i.b4 6 lLlxc6 bxc6 7 i.d3 dS 8 exdS 32

2.22 1 8 . . . 1i'e7+ 34
2 .222 8 . . . cxdS 36

3 French Defence
1 e4 e6 2 d4 dS 3 �2 41
3.1 3 . . . lLlc6 43
3 .2 3 . . . lLlf6 4 eS lLlfd7 5 .i.d3 cS 6 c3 �6 7 �2 cxd4 8 exd4 45
3 .2 1 8 a5 4 7
. . .

3 .22 8 . . 1i'b6 48
.

3 .23 8 . . . f6 49
3 .3 3 . . . c5 4 lLlgf3 51
1 90 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

3 .3 1 4 . . . a6 52
3 .3 2 4 . . . �f6 52
3 .3 3 4 . . . �c6 5 i.b5 54
3 .3 3 1 5 . . . dxe4 54
3 .3 3 2 5 . . . cxd4 55
3 .34 4 . . . cxd4 56

4 Caro-Kann Defence
1 e4 c6 2 d4 d5 3 e5 .tfS 4 �f3 e6 5 .te2 59
4. 1 5 . . . c5 60
4.2 5 . . . �e7 62

5 Pirc-Ufimtsev Defence
1 e4 d6 2 d4 �f6 3 f3 66
5.1 3 . . . e 5 67
5 .2 3 . . . d5 68

6 Alekhine Defence
I e4 �f6 2 e5 �d5 3 d4 d6 4 �f3 73
6. 1 4 . . . �c6 73
6.2 4 . . . dxe5 5 �xe5 74
6.2 1 5 . . . �d7 75
6.22 5 . . . g6 75
6.3 4 . . . g6 76
6.4 4 . . . .tg4 4 i.e2 77
6.4 1 5 . . . c6 78
6.42 5 . . . e6 79

PART 11 : BLACK REPERTOIRE

7 Sicilian Defence
I e4 c5 2 �f3 d6 3 d4 cxd4 4 �xd4 �f6 5 ll:\c3 �c6 84
7. 1 6 i.g5 .td7 84
7. 1 1 7 i.xf6 86
7 . 1 2 7 .te2 8 7
7 . 1 3 7 'ii' d 2 88
7.2 6 i.c4 'ii' b6 9 0
7.2 1 7 �xc6 9 1
7 .22 7 �de2 92
 Index of Variations 191

7 .23 7 ltJdb5 94
7 .24 7 ltJb3 e6 95
7.24 I 8 i.e3 96
7.242 8 0-0 9 7
7 .243 8 i.f4 98

King's Indian Defence:

8 Four Pawns Attack

I d4 ltJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 i.g7 4 e4 d6 5 f4 0-0 1 05
8. I 6 ltJf3 1 05
8.2 6 i.e2 c5 1 0 7
8.2 I 7 d5 1 08
8.22 7 ltJf3 1 1 0

9 Samisch Variation
I d4 liJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 i.g7 4 e4 d6 5 f3 0-0 1 1 4
9. 1 6 i.e3 ltJc6 1 1 4
9.2 6 i.g5 ltJc6 123

10 Variations with i.g2

I d4 liJf6 2 c4 g6 3 g3 i.g7 4 i.g2 d6 5 lOO 0-0 6 0-0 liJbd7 129

1 1 Classical Variation
I d4 liJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 i.g7 4 e4 d6 5 lOO 0-0 6 i.e2 e5 139
I l . l 7 d5 141
I 1 .2 7 i.e3 1 44
1 1 .3 7 0-0 1 45

12 Deviations by White from the Classical Variation

I d4 ltJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 i.g7 4 e4 d6 1 54
1 2 . 1 5 ltJge2 156
I 2.2 5 i.d3 1 5 7
I 2.3 5 h 3 0-0 1 58
I 2.3 I 6 ltJf3 1 58
1 2.32 6 i.e3 159
1 2 .33 6 i.g5 1 60

13 Averbakh Variation
1 d4 ltJf6 2 c4 g6 3 ltJc3 i.g7 4 e4 d6 5 i.e2 0-0 6 i.g5 1 62
1 92 An Opening Repertoire for the Positional Player

14 Torre Attack
1 d4 ltlf6 2 ltlfl g6 3 .tg5 .tg7 4 ltlbd2 c5 1 69
1 4 . 1 5 .txf6 1 71
1 4.2 5 e3 1 72

15 Trompowsky Attack
1 d4 ltlf6 2 .tg5 1 74

16 English Opening
1 c4 ltlf6 2 ltlf3 g6 3 b4 1 79

17 Bird Opening
1 f4 d5 2 ltlf3 g6 185
1 7 . 1 3 g3 185
1 7 .2 3 e3 1 86

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIVE GAMES

1 Deep Blue-Kasparov 25 9 Stahlberg-Stein 1 1 1

2 Rublevsky-Onischuk 38 10 Mestei-Gufe1d 126
3 Gufeld-Lutikov 5 7 11 Timman-Kasparov 13 7
4 Kal in ichenko-Vefl ing 64 12 Gelfand-Topalov 1 49
5 Gelfand-Adams 70 13 Van der Sterren-Giek 151
6 Kasparov-Ivanchuk 81 14 Kaidanov-Gufeld 1 66
7 Damj anov ic-Stein 99 15 Smyslov-Gufeld 181
8 Topalov-Kramnik 101
One of the hardest tasks faced by competitive chess players is
the development of an opening repertoire suited to their own
style of play. As in their companion volume An Opening
Repertoire for the Attacking Player (also translated by Ken
Neat), the authors provide a refined and thoroughly up-to-date
opening program, this time selecting variations of a more
positional nature.

e Practical repertoire based on 1 e4 as White and the Classical

Sicilian and King's Indian Defences as Black

e Concentrates on solid and reliable lines of play

e Provides an easy-to-learn explanation of the typical plans and

ideas

Eduard Gufeld is one of the most popular and widely travelled

grandmasters, and is known throughout the world as a coach,
opening theoretician, journalist and author.

Nikolai Kalinichenko, author of more than 30 chess books, holds

the International Master title in correspondence chess and
enjoys a growing reputation as a specialist in opening theory.