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3-UNIT METAL-CERMAIC
FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE
OBJECTIVES:
The student upon completion of the instruction session and suggested
reading assignments should be able to:
A. Understand the requirements for the wax pattern of a three-unit metal – ceramic fixed partial
denture.
B. Understand the concept of cut-back for porcelain application in the wax pattern
C. Understand the various pontic designs.
D. Understand the indirect spruing procedure and the reason for it.
E. Understand and select the proper investment for metal – ceramic alloys and
the investing procedures
F. Understand the burnout, casting, and divesting procedure and how it differs from gold alloys.
H. Understand the finishing procedure and the preparation of the surface for porcelain application.
I. Understand the reasons for uses of solder
J. Understand the process involved in soldering
K. Understand the difference between pre and post solder
L. Understand the classification and requirements of a solder
Clinical Considerations
Metal-Ceramic
Restoration
Ceramic layer
Metal understructure
Framework
Copings
Esthetics
LABORATORY PROCEDURES
Waxing
Wax add-on technique
Full-cast crown
PFM crown
Pontic
Full anatomic wax-up
Specifications for FPD
Tooth #19 – full cast metal retainer
Tooth #20 – PFM pontic
Tooth #21 - PFM
LABORATORY PROCEDURES
Coping design
Thin porcelain of uniform thickness
Rigid metal
Convex surfaces
Noble vs. base metals
Dental porcelains (which are, chemically
speaking, glasses) resist compressive
loading but tend to succumb to tensile
stress.
1. Metal margins
1. – unesthetic
2. Porcelain margins on
metal collar
1. – over contoured
3. All porcelain margins
1. – most esthetic
To avoid fracture, the thickness of a ceramic veneer must not exceed 2
mm; however, a To avoid fracture, the thickness of a ceramic veneer
must not exceed 2 mm; however, a minimum thickness of 1 mm is
needed for an esthetically pleasing restoration.
Coping Design - Thickness of
Metal
Thin uniform thickness of porcelain supported by
rigid metal is strongest
Absolute minimum thickness of porcelain is .7mm
Desirable thickness for porcelain is 1mm
Minimum thickness with good esthetics
Always compensate with extra thickness of metal
when the tooth preparation allows for more
clearance
Maximum restoration strength and longevity is
achieved by coping rigidity
Coping design continued
Surface should be convex Proximal contacts on anterior
Occlusal contact must be teeth should be in porcelain
1mm from porcelain-metal for esthetic reasons
junction Porcelain opposing natural
Minimum thickness is .3 -.5 teeth can cause wear of the
mm for noble metals opposing teeth-must make
patient aware that a
Higher yield strength base restoration may be needed in
metals copings can be as thin the future
as .2mm
The ultimate goal of 1mm of
uniform porcelain thickness
will determine thickness of
coping
Full contour wax- up and cut-back
The correct steps in the fabrication of a metal- If the coping pattern (A) is the first step in
ceramic restoration: A, full-contour wax pattern; fabrication, the porcelain veneer on the final
B, coping wax pattern cut back; C, porcelain restoration may have contours that are not
addition to metal coping. continuous with those of the unveneered coping
(B).
Full contour > > > Cut - Back
METAL – PORCELAIN DESIGN
CUT BACK >>>COPING DESIGN
Alloys
Classification for Dental Casting Alloys
Noble metals
must be at least 25% noble metal.
Predominately Base
a noble metal content of less than 25%.
Cost
Precious
Semi-precious
nonprecious
Titanium Alloys
Titanium based alloys have been studied
since the late 1970’s as potential casting
alloys.
Advantages of titanium:
Excellent bio-compatibility and corrosion
resistance
Titanium oxide surface
Low density in comparison to gold or palladium
resulting in lighter and possibly less expensive
restorations
Titanium Disadvantages
Pontic Design
Modified ridge lap pontic
Other pontic designs
Saddle
Hygienic
Ovate
PONTIC DESIGN
Size and shape of connectors
The melting range of the alloy used in the coping must be 170 to
280°C (300 to 500°F) higher than the fusing temperature of the
porcelain applied to it.
Investing
De-bubblizer
Reducing surface tension
Liner
Cellulose ***
Unrestricted thermal expansion
Ceramic
Mixture
60 grams powder : 9.5 cc liquid
Mix under vacuum (vac-u-spat)
Bench set for one hour after
investing
Scrape top of casting ring after
setting
Allow gases to escape during
burn-out
LABORATORY PROCEDURES
Polishing
Silicone wheels and cones
Abrasive paste or
compound
Welding (melting)
Pre and Post Soldering for metal
ceramic restorations
Pre-Soldering Post – soldering
Done prior to placing the Done after the porcelain is
porcelain placed