Lecture 14

Prepared by

Rocksana Akter
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
DUET, Gazipur
Causes of Road Accident
1) Defective vehicles
2) Drivers
3) Moving of animals
4) Passengers
5) Pedestrians
6) Road design
7) Traffic Volume
8) Weather
The problems of traffic on road result from the
performance and requirements of the following
three components:

i) Fixed facilities for the accommodation of

traffic on the road
ii) Human beings using the road
iii) Vehicles on the road

All the traffic controls and improvements can be

reduced to the behavior of the above three
components.
 It has been slightly said that the traffic control
methods can be expressed by three E’s i.e
Education, Enforcement and Engineering.

Educational methods include training of public

opinion for respecting traffic rules and regulations
by means of lectures, films, posters, radio talks,
articles in newspapers, safety drive programmers,
etc.
Enforcement methods include framing of a proper
traffic code, appointing an authority to supervise
the road traffic and punishing the defaulters of
traffic code, introducing proper signal system,
medical check up of drivers, special precautions
for commercial vehicles, speed control, etc.

Engineering methods include suitable street

systems, proper design of junctions, land use
zoning, location of public bus stops, physical
features of road, parking facilities, proper road
lighting , etc.
 For the safety of pedestrians on road, the
following measures may be taken:
1) The fencing and railing is provided
2) The pedestrians are completely segregated at
road junctions and they are not allowed to
enter the road intersections.
3) The traffic islands with proper markings
4) The shopping entrances on roads are provided
with telescopic railing
5) The vehicles are allowed to move in the urban
areas at certain restricted speeds.
 Origin and Destination Survey
The details collected during O & D survey help in taking decisions with
respect to the following items:
1) Establishing preferential routes for various categories of vehicles
2) The location of new bridge or tunnels as per demand and intensity of
traffic
3) The location of new proposed roads
4) The location of parking places
5) The necessity of making one way street
6) The necessity and usefulness of new roads
7) To regulate movement of heavy vehicles
8) To stop the movement of slow moving vehicles during certain hours of
day
 Most commonly adopted methods for O & D
survey:
1) House interview method
2) License plate method
3) Postal questionnaire method
4) Route interview method
5) Tag on car method

Home work: Details, Advantages and

Disadvantages
END