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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 1

SPECIAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II, SESSION 2016/2017
COURSE CODE : SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243

COURSE : THEORY OF STRUCTURES

PROGRAMME : SKAW / SAW

DURATION : 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES

DATE : JUNE 2017

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES :
1. ANSWER QUESTION Q1 AND THREE OTHER QUESTIONS ONLY.

WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable for disciplinary
actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelled from the university.

This examination question paper consists of ( 8 ) printed pages including this page.

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 2

Q1. A plane frame structure is shown in Figure Q1. Supports C, D and E are fixed whilst
support B is a roller. The Young’s modulus and moment of inertia for all members are
constant. The beam is subjected to a point load of 20 kN at A and distributed loads of
10 kN/m and 15 kN/m acts along spans AB and BC respectively, as indicated in the
figure.

(a) Analyse the frame by using the moment distribution method.

(18 marks)

(b) Calculate the vertical support reaction at B of the frame.

(8 marks)

(c) Draw the shear force and the bending moment diagram for members and
indicate all important values in the diagram.
(8 marks)
(34 marks)

15 kN/m
5m
10 kN/m

20 kN
A
C
B
5m

E
10 m 10 m

FIGURE Q1

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 3

Q2. A two span continuous beam is shown in Figure Q2. The beam has a fixed support at
A, and roller supports at B and C. The bending stiffness of spans AB and BC are EI
and 2EI respectively. The beam is loaded by a point load of 5 kN on span AB and a
uniform load with the intensity of 2 kN/m on span BC. Analyze the beam and answer
the following questions.

(a) Determine the support reactions at A, B and C.

(14 marks)

(b) Draw the shear force diagram for the beam and indicate the important values.
(4 marks)

(c) Draw the bending moment diagram for the beam and indicate the important
values.
(4 marks)
(22 marks)

The value of Young’s modulus, E, is 200 GPa and the value of the second moment of
area, I, is 40 × 106 mm4 for both members.

5kN
2m 2kN/m

A
EI B 2EI C
5m 8m

FIGURE Q2

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 4

Q3. The truss shown in Figure Q3 is supported by a pin support at A, and by rollers at C
and E. Support C settles downward by 20 mm. The values for the Young’s modulus,
E, and the area of cross section, A, for all members are 40 MPa and 2000 mm2
respectively. Analyze the truss by using the force method to determine

(a) the vertical support reaction at C.

(15 marks)

(b) the support reactions at A and E.

(3 marks)
(c) the axial forces for all members.

(4 marks)
(22 marks)

50 kN H
2m

F G
2m

E
B D
A C 30 kN
2m 2m 2m 2m

Assume EI = Constant
FIGURE Q3

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 5

Q4. Figure Q4(a) shows a beam with a pin support at A and roller supports at B and C.
The beam has an intenal hinge at D.

A X D C
B

5 3m 6m 2m

FIGURE Q4(a)

(a) Draw the influence line diagrams for the following functions, and indicate the
important values.
(i) Support reaction at A, RA
(ii) Support reaction at B, RB
(iii) Shear force at X, VX
(iv) Bending moment at X, MX
(12 marks)

(b) The self-weight of the beam is 3 kN/m and the live loads as shown in Figure
Q4(b) and Figure Q4(c), move from A to C. Calculate the;
(i) Maximum support reaction at A.
(ii) Maximum bending moment at X.
(10 marks)
(22 marks)

15 kN 10 kN
5 kN/m
Direction of live
loads
2m
4m

FIGURE Q4(b) FIGURE Q4(c)

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 6

Q5. Figure Q5 shows a plane frame with a fixed support at A and a pin support at D. The
frame collapses while carrying external point loads as illustrated. The plastic moments
of resistance for all members are Mp.

(a) Determine the numbers of collapse mechanisms for the frame.

( 2 marks)

(b) Determine the value of the critical moment at collapse.

( 15 marks)

(c) draw the plastic bending moment diagram of the frame and show all important
values.
( 5 marks)
(22 marks)
80 kN

4m 4m
50 kN B
C

4m

A D

FIGURE Q5

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 7

FORMULAE

Stiffness of beams:
A B C D E

KAB = 4EI/L KBC = 4EI/L KCD = 3EI/L KDE = 0

Slope Deflection Equations:

For far end pin or

2EI  3 
MN   2 N   F   FEMN
L  L 

For far end roller,

3EI  
MN    N    FEMN
L  L

Table of Fixed End Moment:

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SKAA 3243 / SAB 3243 8

Deflection:
F uL
Determinate truss deflection by unit load method: 1.  
AE
L
Mm
Determinate beam and frame deflection by unit load method: 1.   dx
0
EI
Where:
F’ is axial force in truss members due to real load
u is axial force in truss members due to virtual unit load
L, A, I and E are length, cross sectional area, moment of inertia and Young’s modulus of
truss, beam and frame members
M is bending moment in beam and frame members due to real load
m is bending moment in the beam and frame members due to virtual unit load

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