CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION OF PROJECT

4.1 A BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF THE CHAPTER

This chapter explains and describes the principle of operation of an audio

Bluetooth amplifier. The description of the steps in the construction of this audio

Bluetooth amplifier and the principle it takes to work are explicitly explained with

a left out of the various units.

4.2 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

The production of sound by the audio Bluetooth amplifier is carried out when the

audio signal enters the input through an aux or a Bluetooth module which the

signal is converted to an A.C signal. To make this more lucid, the schematic

diagram of the system shown in fig. 4.1 is used to explain better.

After the A.C signal is generated, the signal is then move to the Amp stage where

it is strengthened and ensure the differential amplifier do not drop or reduce the

current supplied in the course of strengthen it. The power amplification is

introduced to the circuit to convert the low audio signal into higher powerful

replica which is capable of driving high power to the speaker with the help of a

MOSFET arranged in a parallel order to increase the power generated.

4.3 EXPLANATION OF VARIOUS UNITS

This circuit is divided into two stages, voltage gain stage and current gain stage,
Voltage gain consists of the input stage, differential amplifier, and current mirror

circuit. While the current stage consist of the amplifying stage that leads to the

output.

4.3.1 Power Supply Unit: This unit receives the AC power from the outlet, then

converts it to DC power at required voltage and supplies the voltage and current to

the system. This unit is very important in this project.

The power unit in this system is divided into two, one supplies the audio amplifier

at 63volts while the second part supplies the Bluetooth device at 5volts.

4.3.2 Input Stage: This stage is the beginning of the audio signal that goes into the

system, its from this stage our Bluetooth is connected. AC signal is generated

4.3.3 Preamp Stage: this stage receives audio signal from thze input and boost it

to be more clear.

Current mirror stage: this stage prevents the current from differential amplifier

from dropping or reducing, i.e to sustain the current supplied.

4.3.4 Output Stage: the output stage of this audio amplifier with Bluetooth

device is the portion which actually convert the low audio signal into more high

powerful replica which is capable of driving high power to speaker. This of the

amplifier typically uses MOSFET and it is responsible for the heat generated. The

output stage of this project interface to the loudspeaker.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 CONSTRUCTION OF THE DESIGNED PROJECT

5.1 A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE CHAPTER

This chapter explains the basic materials, components and processes in designing

and construction of an audio amplifier with Bluetooth device. It also shows the

construction of the project, BEME table (Bill of engineering measurement and

evaluation table.

5.2 CHOICE OF MATERIALS

Generally, electronics components are chosen based on economic factors and its

availability. The electronics components used for the design and construction of

500watts audio amplifier with Bluetooth device are based on the following factors:

1. Availability

2. Durability

3. Reliability

4. Portability

5. Accessibility

6. cost
5.3 CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROJECT

After all materials needed for the project has be procured, the following procedure

were properly taken:

 The components were separated and tested using multi meter in order to avoid

open circuit.

 Circuit diagram was printed on a glossy paper then placed on one sided copper

coated PCB

 Heat transfer was done to transfer the circuit to the PCB using pressing iron

then etching was done on the PCB. After this, the PCB was drilled and the

components were fixed according to the schematic diagram on bread board and

tested.

 Then rearrange the components on the PCB

 \7Then soldering started.

 Then it was packaged and tested.

5.4 BEME TABLE (BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION TABLE)

Components Value Quantity Rate (N) Total (N)
Resistor
Variable Resistor
Electrolytic Capacitor
Fixed Capacitor
Transistor
MOSFET
Transformer
Bluetooth Module
Diode
PCB
Head sink
Switch
Connecting Cable
Power Cable
Casing
Soldering Lead
Bolt and Nut
Cooling Fan
TOTAL

5.5 TESTING OF PROJECT

The system was plugged to the 220v AC outlet, the power switch was turn on, the

power light came on and the system was ready to pair, smart phone was used as the

sending device, the phone was connected to the system via bluetooth and it got

paired and music was played.

CHAPYER SIX

6.0 CONCLUSION, SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATION

6.1 SUMMARY OF THE CHAPTERS

Chapter one explains the history background of audio amplifier and

Bluetooth, statement of problems that leads to the construction of this

project, the research objective, contribution to the knowledge, limitation,

research methodology, definition of terms used.

Chapter two explains the generations of the audio amplifier with

bluetooth device , theories and concept relevant to the project topic.

Chapter three explains the research methodology of the project

Chapter four explains the principle of operation of project and the various

units in audio amplifier.

 Chapter five explains the designing and construction of the project

Chapter six summarizes the whole project, concludes about the working

principle of the project, problems encountered and give recommendation

for further studies.

6.2 PROBLEM ENCOUNTERED

 problem of finance to procure the materials

6.3 RECOMMENDATION

This project is designed to be used in homes, offices, meetings, and

wherever there is need for audio amplifier. And should be used and

maintain by a qualified personnel.

6.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDIES

Audio amplifier is used extensively in electronic circuits to make an

electronic signal bigger without affecting it in any other way. Generally

we think of amplifiers as audio amplifiers in the radios, CD players and

stereo’s we use around the home. In this amplifier tutorial section we

looked at the amplifier which is based on a single bipolar transistor as

shown below, but there are several different kinds of transistor amplifier

circuits that we could use.