Enhanced Module On Applying Appropriate Sealant or Adhesive

COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector : AUTOMOTIVE/ LAND TRANSPORT
Qualification Title : AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC II
Unit of Competency : APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT/ADHESIVE
APPLYING APPROPRIATE
Module Title :
SEALANT/ADHESIVE
Technical Education & Skills Development Authority

KABASALAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Kabasalan, Zamboanga Sibugay
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY–BASED LEARNING MODULE
Welcome to the Module Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
This unit of competency Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive contains

the knowledge, skills and attitudes required in a DRIVING course. It is one of
the modules in the Common Competencies at National Certificate Level II.
You are required to go through series of learning activities in order to

complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome there
are Information Sheets. Resource Sheets and Reference Materials for further
reading to help you better understand the required activities. Follow these
activities on your own and answer the self-check at the end of each learning
outcome. Get the answer key from your instructor and check your work
honestly. If you have questions, please don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.
Recognition to Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
 been working for sometime
 already completed training in this area
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally recognized
so you won’t have to do the same training again. If you have qualifications or
Certificates of Competency from previous trainings, show them to your trainer.
If the skills you acquired are still relevant to this module, they may become
part of the evidence you can present for RPL.
At the end of this learning material is a Learner’s Diary, use this diary to
record important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that will
assist you in providing further details to your trainer or assessors. A Record of
Achievement is also provided for your trainer to complete once you completed
the module.
This learning material was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency in Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive. This will be the
source of information for you to acquire the knowledge and skills in this
Document No.1
Date Developed:
Issued by:
AS NC II January 2009
KIT-TESDA
Applying Developed by: Date Revised:
Appropriate January 2012 Page 1 of 54
TESDA-KIT -QMS Sealant/Adhesive Jermy-Karl K. Revision # 01
Alagon
particular trade independently and at your own pace with minimum
supervision or help from your instructor.
In doing the activities to complete the requirements of this module, please be

guided with the following:
 Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the training
under this module. Read through the module carefully. It is divided into
sections which cover all the skills and knowledge you need to
successfully complete.
 Work through all information and complete the activities in each section.
Read the information sheets and complete the self-checks provided.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials provided
in this module.
 Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager. He/
She is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
Ask for help.
 Your trainer will tell you the important things you need to consider when
you are completing the activities and it is important that you listen and
take notes.
 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on

the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during the regular work
shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and memory and also
your confidence.
 Talk to more experienced work mates and ask for their guidance.
 Use self–check questions at the end of each section to test your own
progress.
 When you are ready, ask you trainer to watch you perform the activities
outlined in this module.
 As you work through the activities, ask for written feedbacks on your
progress. Your trainer keeps feedbacks/pre-assessment reports for this
reason. When you have completed this learning material and feel
confident that you have had sufficient knowledge and skills, your trainer
will arrange on appointment with a registered assessor to assess you.
The results of the assessment will be recorded in your Competency
Achievement Record.
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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
LIST OF COMPETENCIES
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code
1 Apply Appropriate Applying Appropriate ALT723201

Sealant/Adhesive Sealant/Adhesive
2 Move and Position Moving and Positioning Vehicle ALT723202

Vehicle
3 Perform Mensuration Performing Mensuration and ALT311202

and Calculation Calculation
4 Read, Interpret and Reading, Interpreting and ALT723203

Apply specifications and Applying specifications and
Manuals Manuals
5 Use and Apply Using and Applying ALT723204

Lubricant/Coolant Lubricant/Coolant
6 Perform Shop Performing Shop Maintenance ALT723205

Maintenance
7 Perform Job Estimates Performing Job Estimates ALT311204
8 Interpret/ Draw Interpreting/ Drawing ALT311205

Technical Drawing Technical Drawing
9 Practice Health, Safety Practicing Health, Safety and ALT 723206

and Environment Environment Procedures
Procedures
10 Inspect Technical Inspecting Technical Quality of ALT311207

Quality of Work Work
11 Maintain Quality Maintaining Quality Systems ALT311208

Systems
12 Provide Work Skills Providing Work Skills ALT311209

Instructions Instructions
13 Identify and Select Identifying and Selecting ALT723210

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Original Automotive Original Automotive Parts and
Parts and Products Products
MODULE CONTENT
QUALIFICATION : Automotive Servicing NC II
UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
MODULE TITLE : Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
INTRODUCTION:
This competency unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude

required in the selection and application of sealant/adhesive.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this module, you must be able to:

1. Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive
2. Prepare surface for sealant/adhesive
3. Apply sealant/adhesive
4. Store/Dispose of sealant/adhesive
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LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY
Learning Outcome 1: Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
Contents:
1. Uses of Sealant/Adhesive
2. Types and classification of Sealant/Adhesive
Assessment Criteria:
1. Sealant/Adhesive are selected in line with job requirements
and manufacturer’s specification
2. Sealant/Adhesive checking is performed to ensure that the
product is fit for use.
Condition:
* Supplies and Materials * Instructional Materials
 Gasket
 Ribbon Sealer  References Books
 Different Types of  Learning materials
Sealant/Adhesive  Modules
 Silicon
Assessment Methods:
 Written/Oral Examination
 Direct Observation
 Project Method
 Interview
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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome 1 : Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read Information Sheet 1.1-1  Read and understand the

information sheet
Answer Self- Check 1.1-1  Answer self – check without

looking at the answer key
 Compare your answers using
the answer key.
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1
ADHESIVE/ SEALANT
Learning Objectives : After reading this Information Sheet ,you must be able
To:
 Distinguish a Sealant from an Adhesive
 Cite functions and forms of Sealants/Adhesives
 Give the functions and uses of Sealants/Adhesives
What is an Adhesive? What is Sealant? How Do They Differ?
Adhesives and sealants are often lumped together, as they were versions of the
same product with the same function. But they’re not. Adhesives and sealants
are different.
Adhesives: Functions and Forms
An adhesive is a material that joins two surfaces together by bonding them. It

is usually applied as a thin layer between two surfaces.
Adhesive vs. Sealant: Adhesive
Adhesive
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To meet the performance needs of the particular application, two factors are
important:
 Adhesion – the adhesion must bond with each substrate (sticking to

them) so they can be held together. If the product will not adhere to one
of the surfaces, then the materials cannot be joined.
 Cohesion – the adhesive must have enough internal strength so that it
holds together and does not break within the film of adhesive when force
is applied to pull the two surfaces apart.
The level of required adhesion built into a formation depends on the

application. The designed adhesive strength the amount of force needed to pull
the two substrates apart-depends on the end use. Less adhesive strength is
necessary for temporary labels that are formulated for easy removal that for
high-strength products that must hold parts of airplanes together. The level of
cohesion depends on the application. In some applications, if enough force is
applied to separate the two surfaces, it is better that the adhesive film itself,
breaks so that the surface of the bonded material is not damaged.
Adhesives can be simple, made up of only one or two ingredients, or they can
be highly complex, using the most advanced chemical components. They can
be water-thin and runny, or very thick. They can air dry by evaporation or
water or they can cure by under going chemical reaction to form a new,
stronger composition.
Sealants: Functions and Forms
A Sealant is a material designed only to fill up spaces can be joints, gaps or

cavities that occur between two substrates.
Adhesive vs. Sealant: Sealant
Sealant
Some examples:
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 The space between a bathtub and wall.
 The space between two precast concrete panels forming the wall of a
warehouse.
 The space between the body and fender of a car.
The sealant is not there to hold the two materials together but is used only to
form a seal against the entry of:
 Liquids – like rain on a window or water on a bathroom wall.

 Gases – like air and wind that could come in through gaps between
panes of glass and a window frame. For examples, air coming into an
automobile.
 Solids – like dust or blowing dirt.

Like adhesives, sealants can be very thin or very thick, depending on where
and how applied. They will harden or cure in place. To form a successful seal,
the sealant must adhere to the surfaces that are forming the gap. However, the
primary purpose is filling, not bonding. Included in the family of sealants are
putties, caulks, mastics, and high performance sealants.
Factors for successful performance of a sealant include:
 Impermeability – air and water must not go through the sealant.
 Flexibility – while forming a solid, the cured sealant must be elastic

enough to maintain the tight seal even when there is movement of the
substrates. And example is a glass curtain wall building, where the
spaces between the panes of glass and the underlying steel structure are
filled with sealant. As the sun hits the wall in the morning, the steel will
expand more than the glass, and there will be a shift in relative positions
of the steel and the glass. The sealant must be able to move, adhering
firmly to the glass and to the steel, and not have cracks or holes formed
within the sealant that would let in air.
 Stability - the sealant should not substantially change between the time
it is manufactured and the time it is applied. It is should not pre-cure in
the can or cartridge.
 Rheology – if applied to a surface, as between two walls panels, it must

stay in place and not sag. If applied in a horizontal gap, as between the
sections of an airport runway, it must level or even out.
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TYPES AND USES OF GASKET SEALANT
A gasket sealant is a liquid compound use to improve gasket sealing,

hold gasket in place, repair a damaged gasket, or form a new gasket. These
sealants flow into surface irregularities and improving gasket sealing. There is a
wide range of gasket sealants from which to choose.
(Figure 14-9).
Gasket sealants differ in a number of ways. Different sealants are

designed to operate at different temperature range. A sealant must be chosen
that has a high enough temperature range from the area in which it is to be
used. Sealants used with cylinder head gaskets must withstand temperature in
excess of 400ºF (204ºC).
ADHESIVES, SEALANT, AND OTHER CHEMICAL SEALING MATERIALS
There are a number of chemicals that can be used to reduce labor and ensure a
good seal. Many gasket sets include a label with the proper chemical
recommendation for use with the gasket set. Some even include sealers in the
sets when the original equipment manufacturer used a sealer to replace a
gasket cannot be manufactures for that application. They also include sealers
in some sets when gasket unions need a sealant to ensure a good seal.
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SHOP TALK
Chemical adhesives and sealants give added holding power and sealing
ability where two parts are joined. Sealants usually are added to threads where
fluid contact is frequent. Chemical thread retainers are either aerobic (cures in
the presence of air) or anaerobic (cures in the absence of air). These chemical
products are used in place of lock washers.
Of course, there are numerous locations in an engine where precut or pre
molded gaskets can benefit from the services of a chemical sealant. For
example, to seal the intake manifold on a V-type engine, it is important to place
a dab of silicon in the corners. The same can be said about the front cover-to-
oil-pan joint, rear bearing can seals and valley pan manifold installations.
ADHESIVES
Quick-drying contact adhesive is designed for bonding cork, rubber,

fiber, and metal gaskets in the place prior to assembly. Gaskets adhesives form
a tough bond when used on clean, dry surfaces. Adhesives do not aid the
sailing ability of the gasket. They are meant only to hold gaskets in place
during component assembly. Use small dabs; they will dry quicker for fast
installation. Do not assemble components until the adhesive completely dry.
Most adhesives are ideal for use on gasket application such as valve covers
pushrod covers, manifold and manifold end seals and oil pan end seals. (Figure
13-24).
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Figure 13-24 Holding an intake manifold
gasket in place with contact adhesive.
SEALANTS
General-Purpose Sealants
General-purpose sealers (sometimes called chemical positioning
agents) come in liquid form and are available in a brush type (known as brush
tack). General purpose sealers (Figure 13-25) form a tacky, flexible seal when
applied in a thin, even coat that aids in gasket sealing by helping to position
the gasket during assembly. They chemicals in a general-purpose sealant will
not upset the designed performance of most mechanical gaskets. The possible
exception to this is that sealant manufacturers do not recommend their use on
rubber parts. These are non hardening and can use rubber gaskets to slip.
WARNING
Never use a hard-drying sealant (Such as shellac) on gasket. It will make

future disassembly extremely difficult and might damage the gasket material.
Flexible Sealants
Flexible sealants are most often used on threads of bolt that go into fluid
passages.
They are non hardening sealers that fill voids. Preventing the fluid from
running-up of treads. They resist the chemical attack of lubricant, synthetic
oils, detergents, antifreeze, gasoline, and diesel.
Silicone Formed-in-place Sealants
Sealants gasket can be used to replace conventional paper, cork and

cork/rubber gaskets. It is generally for use on oil pans, valve covers thermostat
housing, timing covers, water pumps, and other such installations.
Room temperature vulcanizing (RTV) silicone sealing products are the best
known of the formed-in-place (FIP) gasket products.
WARNING!
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Be careful not to use excessive amounts of RTV. If too mush is applied, it
can loosen up and get into the oil system where it can clog up and oil passage
and cause severe engine damage.
Today’s RTV aerobic silicone formulations are impervious to most

automotive fluids, extremely resistant to oil, oxygen-sensor safe, exhibit
outstanding flexibility (a necessary feature on modern bimetal engines), and
adhere well to a broad range of materials that include plastic, metal and glass.
To use RTV silicone, make sure the mating surfaces are free from dirt,
grease, and oil. Apply a continuous 1/8 – inch bead on one surface only
(preferably the cover side). Make sure to circle all bolt holes. Adjust the shape
before a skin forms (in about 10 minutes) as shown in Figure 13-26. Remove
excess RTV silicone with a fry towel or paper towel. Press the parts together. Do
not slide the parts together; this will disturb the bead. Tighten all retaining
bolts to the manufacturer’s specified torque. Cure time is approximately 1 hour
form metal-to-metal joints and take up to 24 hours for 1/8-inch gaps.
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B
Figure 13-25 Applying (A) brush-type
and (B) aerosol-type general purpose
sealant.
CAUTION:
The uncured rubber contained in RTV silicone gasketing irritates the

eyes. If any gets in your eyes, immediately flush with clean water or eyewash. If
the irritation continues, see a doctor.
Anaerobic Formed-in-place Sealants
These formed-in-place materials are used for thread locking as well as

gasket (Figure 13-27). As a retaining compound, they are mostly used to hold
sleeves, bearings, and locking screw nuts in place where there is a high
exposure vibration.
WARNING!
Never use a sealant or formed-in-place gasket on exhaust manifolds.

The major difference between aerobic and anaerobic sealants other than
their method of curing is their gap-filing ability. Typically, 0.050 inch (3/64
inch) is the absolute limit of any anaerobic’s gap-filling materials. Some are
only designed to seal 0.005-010-inch gaps. Anaerobic sealers are intended to
the used between the machined surfaces of rigid castings, not on flexible
stampings.
SHOP TALK
Once hardened, a good anaerobic bond is unbelievably tenacious and
withstand high temperatures. Therefore, care must be taken in selection. They
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tend to be highly specialized and mot readily interchangeable. For example,
there are various levels of tread-locking products that range from medium-
strength anti-vibration agents to high strength, weld like retaining compounds.
The inadvertent use of the wrong product could make future disassembly an
impossibility. Check the label to be certain that anaerobic material will suit the
purpose of the application.
Hylomar
Hylomar, which stands for high temperature (hy), low (lo), Martson (mar)
product, is neither an RTV nor an anaerobic. It is a combination of
polyurethane paste and silica (not silicone) flakes mixed with methylene
chloride solvent. When Hylomar is clamped in a joint, the silica flakes
interlocked and encapsulate the plastic paste, effectively shielding it from heat,
liquids, and contaminants that might otherwise dissolve it. Because Hylomar
never hardens or cures, the center remains soft and pliable-like an armor-
plated sponge.
As a sealing supplement, Hylomar sticks to virtually any surface, resists

all fluids (including gasoline), and has a claimed temperature range of 50º to
more than 600ºF. In addition, if a Hylomar-coated gasket is set down wrong, it
can be peeled off and reseated without damage.
Antiseize Compounds
Antiseize compounds prevent dissimilar metals from reacting with one
another and seizing (Figure 13-28). This chemical-type material is used on
many fasteners, especially those used with aluminum parts. Always follow the
manufacturer’s recommendations when using this compound.
Figure 13-26 Using a high

temperature antiseize
compound
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SELF-CHECK 1.1-1
Direction: Answer the following questions.
The purpose of this self check is to find out the readiness of the trainee to
perform the activity. 100% mastery is required.
1. Differentiate Sealant and adhesive.

2. What are the two important factors that adhesive must meet in a
particular application?
3. Give examples the uses of the sealant and explain?
4. Can an adhesive ne a sealant? If yes, explain. If no, explain.
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ANSWER SHEET 1.1-1
1. An adhesive is a material that joins two surfaces together by bonding them,

while a sealant is a material designed to fill up spaces, likes joints, gaps or
cavities between two substrates.
2. The two factors affecting the performance needs of an adhesive are its
cohesion and adhesion strengths.
3. The primary use of a sealant is to seal against the entry of any solid, liquid
and gaseous particles.
4. An adhesive can't be a sealant, it only holds gaskets or sealants in place

during component assembly.
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Learning Outcome 2 ;
Prepare Surface for Sealant/Adhesive
Contents:
 Types of surface material and appropriate
sealant/adhesive to be used
 Techniques and procedures in preparing surface for
sealant/adhesive
 Use of sealant/adhesive
 Tools and materials to be use in applying
sealant/adhesive
 Technique in applying sealant/adhesive
 Safety requirements in applying sealant/adhesive
 Surface materials are identified as per instruction
 Surface is cleaned and free of moisture, dust and other
foreign matters to ensure maximum adhesion or seal.
Conditions:
Student/Trainees must be provided with the following:
 Equipment/Tools/Instrument
- vehicle
- putty knife
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- gloves
- mask
- scraper
- sander
 Supplies/Materials
- paper
- pencil
- solvent
- sandpaper
 Instructional Materials
- reference books
- using materials
- modules
- CD’s, transparencies
Assessment Methods:
 Project Method
 Interview
Learning Outcome 2 Prepare Surface for Sealant/Adhesive

information sheet 1.2-1
Answer Self -Check 1.2-1  Answer self – check without

looking at the answer key
 Check your answer with your
instructor.
Perform Job Sheet 1.2-1  Evaluate your work using the

performance criteria.
 Show your work to your trainer
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for evaluation and recording
Gasket
Learning Objectives : After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able
to
 Identify the surface materials
 Clean surface for sealant/adhesive application
HANDLING GASKETS
Special procedures for installing gaskets are found in the section that
covers the part to be fastened to the engine block or cylinder head.
1. Never reuse old gasket. Even if the old gasket appears to be in good
condition, it will never seal as well as a new one. The old gasket has
been exposed to high combustion temperatures and pressures, hot oil
coolant, and might have worn or damaged sealing surfaces. It also has
been compressed by bolt torquing to fit the parts it has been sealing.
It will not be able to reform itself to create another good seat.
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2. Handle new gasket carefully. Be careful not to damage the new gasket
before placing them on the engine. Any bend or crease in the gasket
material is a potential weak spot that might cause a leak after
installation. This is specially true of the composition type gasket used
on many cylinder heads and manifolds. If any attempt is made to
strengthen a bent or distorted gasket, it could fracture the gasket and
create a weak spot. Protect the new gaskets by keeping them in their
packages until installation.
Using Service Manuals
Always refer to the specific engine and engine part section of the service
manual for the recommended procedures for using sealant.
3. Use gasket sealant only when they are absolutely necessary. The hot
oil environment of an engine can cause some chemical sealant to react
adversely with the binding compound in composition-type gaskets,
causing the gasket to deteriorate and leak.
Some technicians tend to use too much sealant on gaskets. Do not make
this mistake. Because sealants have less strength than gasket materials, they
create weaker joints they can also prevent some gasket material from doing
what is supposed to do, which is to soak up oil and swell to make a tight seal.
4. Cleanliness is essential. New gasket seal is best when used on clean

surfaces. Thoroughly clean all mating surfaces of dirt. Oil deposits,
rust, old sealer, and gasket material. If any foreign substances
remain, they
5.
can create a path for leaks. Scraping away the old gasket is not an easy job,
but essential to ensure a leak-free seal.
When using a hand gasket scraper on aluminum parts, be very careful

not to scratch the softer metal surfaces.
6. Use the right gasket in the right position. Always compare the new
gasket to the component mating surfaces to make sure it is the right
gasket. Comparing the new gasket with the original is another way to
make sure you are using the correct part. Check that all bolt holes,
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dowel holes, pushrod openings, coolant, and lubrication passages line
up perfectly with the gasket. Some gaskets will have directions such
as “top”, ”this side up”, stamped on one surface. Follow these
instructions exactly when putting the gasket in place. An upside-down
or reversed gasket can easily cause loss of oil pressure, overheating,
and engine failure.
SELF-CHECK 1.2-1
Direction:
The purpose of this self- check is to find out the readiness of the
students to perform the activity. 100% mastery is required.
1. Discuss the procedure in installing gaskets.
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ANSWER KEY 1.2-1
Procedure in installing gaskets:
1. All surfaces where gaskets have to be fitted, must be clean and free of
dust, dirt, oil and other foreign materials. Scraping away old gasket
material, to ensure a leak-free seal but be careful not to scratch the
softer material.
2. Gasket surfaces must be flat. Any bend or crease in the gasket is a

potential weak spot that can cause a leak after installation.
3. Never reuse old gaskets for it has been exposed to high combustion
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temperature and pressure and it will never seal so well as a new seal.
4. Use the right gasket in the right position. Check that all bolts, bolt
holes, pushrod openings, cool and lubrication passages are lined up
perfectly with the gasket.
JOB SHEET 1.2-1
Prepare Surface for Sealant/Adhesive
Performance Objective:
Using the following tools and materials, you should be able
to prepare the surface for Sealant/Adhesive application.
Tools/Materials:
 Gasket scraper
 Shop towel
 Cleaning rags
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Procedure:
1. Prepare gasket scraper and cleaning rags prior to cleaning mating
surface.
2. Clean mating surface using a gasket scraper.
OPERATION SHEET 1.2-1
Prepare for Sealant/Adhesive
Tools and materials needed:
1. Gasket scraper
2. Shop towel
3. Cleaning rags
Procedure:
1. Prepare gasket scraper and cleaning rags prior to cleaning of mating

surface.
2. Use a gasket scraper to clean the mating surface.
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Figure 13.4 Figure 13.5
Learning Outcome 3 Apply Sealant/Adhesive Evenly
Contents:
1. Use of Sealant/Adhesive
2. Types and classification of sealant/adhesive
3. Tools and materials to be used in applying sealant/adhesive
4. Techniques in applying sealant/adhesive
5. Safety requirements in applying sealant/adhesive
1. Sealant/adhesive is applied evenly on the surface is line with
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manufacturer’s specification.
2. Excess sealant/adhesive is removed by sanding or by scraping
3. Tools and equipment used to apply sealant/adhesive are
appropriate to job requirements.
4. Safety are observed and PPE are warn in accordance with
industry SOP.
5. Hazards association with the use of sealant/adhesive are
identified.
Condition:
- vehicle
- putty knife
- gloves
- mask
- scraper
- sander
- apron
- paper
- pencil
- solvent
- sandpaper
- reference books
- using materials
- modules
Methodologies:
 Lecture/demonstration
 Self paced learning
 Distance learning
Assessment Methods:
 Project Method
 Interview
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Learning Outcome 3: Apply Sealant/Adhesive Evenly

information sheet 1.3-1
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Perform Operation Sheet 1.3-1  Given some engine parts, apply
appropriate sealant/adhesive
evenly on the surface.
SEALANTS
to
 Apply sealant/adhesive on a surface
 Use appropriate tools in applying sealant/adhesive
SEALANTS
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Sealants are similar to gaskets, except that a sealant is applied as a
liquid or paste, while a gasket is usually precut to fit and always placed
between mating surfaces.
However, solid sealing tapes are also considered as “sealants” in this

section because they are not cut to size and are also used to cover seams.
Another type of “sealant” is the adhesive, which is used for its holding
power rather than its ability to seal.
The jobs of sealants are similar to those of gaskets: exclude dust, dirt,
and moisture – or contain a liquid or gas. However, unlike gaskets, sealants are
also used as protective coatings, to reduce noise, to improve appearance, and to
perform a joining function.
Sealants are normally used for less severe conditions of temperature and
pressure than gaskets (there are exceptions). But sealants are often more
resistant to chemicals and more economical to use than gaskets.
TYPES OF SEALANTS
The major categories of sealants are:
 Hardening types
 Non hardening types
 Tapes
Whether a sealant is hardening or non hardening depends upon its chemical

composition and curing characteristics, rather than its initial form. Sealants
generally come in nonsolid forms in a wide range of viscosities. Some epoxy
sealers come in powdered form and must be melted when applied. Certain
asphalt-based sealers and waxes are solid, and applied by a hot-melt system.
Thermosetting film adhesives used for sealing also come in tape form, and they
generally require heat and pressure for curing.
Hardening Types
These sealants can be divided into two classes:

 Rigid – which cure or set up firm.
 Flexible – which remain flexible after cure.
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RIGID or hard-setting sealants are characterized by their inability to flex. They
crack if flexed, and are often difficult to remove. Some notably the epoxies can
join as well as seal.
Common rigid sealants which are distinctive to this group are those based on
components of epoxies, polyesters, acrylics, polyamides, and polyvinyl acetates
(PVA)
FLEXIBLE sealants remain flexible after curing, and have elastic bases. Their
range of flexibility varies considerably, as does hardness. Some of these
sealants are true rubbers; many have good adhesive qualities; and all can be
compounded to resists a variety of environmental conditions.
The flexible sealants are either true elastomers – that is, they return to their
original shape after being deflected – or are characterized by an ability to
deform or stretch without tearing, but do not return to their original shape.
BUTT JOINT Use sealant if thickness of plate is sufficient (A)

or beoil sealed (B) if plates are thin. Tape can also be used, (C)
If joint moves due to dynamic loads or thermal expansion and
contraction, a flexible sealant with good adhesion must be
used. Select flexible tape for butt joint if movement is
anticipated.
LAP JOINT Sandwich sealant between mating surfaces, and

rivet, bolt or spat weld seam to secure joint (A). Thick plates
can be sealed with a bend of sealant (B), a tape can also be
used (C), if overlap is sufficient as a surface to which the tape
can adhere.
ANGLE JOINT Simple butt joint can be sealed as shown in

(A), if material thickness is sufficient. But better choice is
bead of sealant shown in (B), which is independent at
material thickness. Supported angle joints with bead (C), or
sandwich seal (D), are better choices.
Fig. 66-Common Ways of Sealing Joints
NONHARDENING TYPES
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These soft-setting sealants stay “wet” after application and never truly dry.
They generally cannot be depended on to perform a joining function, although
some formulations are used as adhesives in very low-stress joints.
These sealants are characterized by the “mastic” type pastes usually applied to
seams with trowel or brush.
TAPES
Tapes are available in a variety of backing and adhesives – usually in pressure-

sensitive or solvent – activated adhesive-backs. Self-sticking tapes are also
made.
Some non hardening sealants are formulated so that they can be packaged in
“tape” form. These are not adhesive-backed and can be easily thumbed into
place.
JOINTS FOR SEALANTS
Joints to which a sealant can be applied depend to a great extent on the type of
sealant.
For example, a free-flowing sealant cannot be applied to a vertical surface; a

non sagging type must be used.
Typical common joints are the simple but joint, and the lap joint (Figure 66).
Lap joints can be most easily sealed with tape; filled-sealed, if the thickness of
the joined sheets will support a bead of sealant; and sandwich sealed.
Sandwich sealing is a common method with structural adhesives. Where
ordinary sealants are used, the sealing material is brushed, extruded, troweled,
or thumbed on, and the lap joint made and mechanically secured with rivets,
or bolts and nuts.
Sealant thickness is more critical when material is applied between surfaces.

However, where sealant thickness is not critical, curing time can be delayed
considerably by overly thick applications of the material.
If lap joints cannot be sandwich-sealed, the joint should have a built-in

receptacle to receive the sealant.
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Voids can results in a joint unless care is taken during application. When
beads of sealant are laid in a joint, and air spaces are unavoidable, tooling the
sealant before it cures helps to the cavities.
When applying sealant, always follow the manufacturer’s instruction for proper
steps in placing and curing.
USES OF SEALANTS
An inside sealer keeps in a fluid or other medium; an outside sealer keeps out
contaminants: some sealers perform both functions.
However, sealants can be used to perform other functions some of which are
almost as important as the primary role of sealing. These are: (1) Joining; (2)
Electrical or thermal insulating; (3) Noise reduction; (4) Vibration dampening;
(5) Expansion and contraction control; (6) Smoothing and filleting; (7) Protective
coating; (8) Tampering prevention.
Where conditions are too severe, sealants can often do the job better and more
cheaply than gaskets.
OPERATION SHEET 1.3-1
Objective: Given different types of sealant/adhesives.

Apply sealant/adhesive evenly.
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Learning Outcome 4 Store and Dispose of Sealant/Adhesive
Contents:
1. Sealant/adhesive storing procedures
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2. Waste disposal standard procedures
3. Hazards associated with improper waste disposal.
1. Sealant/adhesive are stored as per prescribed procedure
2. Wastes are disposed as per workshop SOP
3. Safe handling of sealant/adhesive is observed.
Condition:
- vehicle
- putty knife
- gloves
- mask
- scraper
- sander
- apron
- paper
- pencil
- solvent
- sandpaper
- reference books
- using materials
- modules
Methodologies:
 Lecture/demonstration
 Self paced learning
 Distance learning
Assessment Methods:
Stored Unused Or Dispose Used

Learning Outcome 4
Sealant/Adhesive
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Reading Activities  Read carefully information sheet

Information Sheet 1.4-1 1.1-1 and 1.4-2 and
Information Sheet 1.4-2  Read competency Standard:
Apply Appropriate
Sealant/Adhesive
Do job sheet 1.4-1  Perform Job Sheet 1.4-1

Five S
to
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 Practice 5's
The Basic Concepts of FIVE S
The Five S program focuses on having visual order, organization,

cleanliness and standardization. The results you can expect from a Five S
program are: Improved Profitability, Efficiency, Service and Safety.
What are the Five S?

Use the following to learn more about Five S:
 Sort - the first step in making things cleaned up and organized.
 Set In Order - organize, identify and arrange everything in a work area.
 Shine - regular cleaning and maintenance
 Standardize - making it easy to maintain - simplify and standardize
 Sustain - maintaining what has been accomplished
SORT (CLEAN UP)
The first step in the five S program;

" Sorting" means to sort through everything in each work area. Keep only what
is necessary. Materials, tools, equipment and supplies that are not frequently
used should be moved to a common separate storage area. Items that are not
used should be discarded.
Don't keep things around just because they might be used someday.
Sorting makes a work area tidy and makes it easier to find things you need
and frees up additional space.
As a result of the sorting process, you will eliminate (or repair) broken
equipment and tools. Obsolete fixtures, moulds jigs, scrap materials, waste and
other unused items and materials are disposed of.
The objective of this step is to clean up the work area. Cleaning up not only
makes things look nice, but it makes it easier to spot maintenance needs such
as oil leaks. It improves safety. It eliminates clutter and confusion. It removes
tools, equipment, supplies and waste that interfere with getting the job done.
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SET IN ORDER (ORGANIZE)
The second step in the Five S program: This is to organize, arrange and
identify everything in a work area for the most efficient retrieval and return to
its proper place.
Commonly used tools should be readily available. Storage areas and shelves
should be properly labeled. Clean and paint floors to make it easier to spot dirt,
waste materials and dropped parts and tools. Outline areas on the floor to
identify work areas, movement lanes, storage areas, finished product areas, etc.
The objective of this step is a place for everything and everything in it's place,
with everything properly identified and labeled. This means there are two
important parts to Systematic Organization - putting everything in its proper
place.
SHINE (REGULAR CLEANING)
Step Three: Once you have everything, from each individual work area up to
your entire facility, sorted (cleaned up) and organized, you need to keep it that
way. This requires regular cleaning, or to go along with our third S, "shining"
things up.
Regular, usually daily cleaning is needed and this could also be thought of as
inspecting. While cleaning, it's easy to also inspect the machines, tools,
equipment and supplies you work with.
When done on a regular, frequent basis, cleaning and inspecting generally will
not take a lot of time, and in the long run will most likely to save time.
STANDARDIZE (SIMPLIFY)
Step Four: To ensure that the first three steps in the Five S program continue
to be effective, the fourth step is to simplify and standardize.
The good practices developed in steps 1- 3 should be standardized and made
easy to accomplish. Develop a good structure that will support the new
practices and make them into
habits. As you learn more, update and modify the standards to make the
process simpler and easier.
Use standards to help people work into new habits that are a part of the Five S
program.
Any easy way to make people aware of, and remind them about the
standards is to use labels, signs, posters and banners.
Sustain
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Step Five: The final step is to continue training and maintaining the
standards.
 Have a formal system for monitoring results of the Five S program.
 Continue to educate about maintaining standards.
 Using 5'S Posters and Signs. A good way to continue educating students,
employees and to maintain standards, is to use 5'S posters and signs.
 Think of this step as sustaining the benefits you are getting from the Five
S program.
SELF- CHECK 1.4-1
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1. As a student how will you practice The Five S program in you own home?
ANSWER KEY 1.4-1

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Student's answers will vary.
Document No.1
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Store and Dispose Sealant/Adhesive
Learning Objective: After reading this Information Sheet, you must be able
to
 Store and Dispose sealants/adhesives
Introduction
This brochure has been prepared as a general guide to safe handling and
storage procedures for occasional users of adhesives and sealants. Specific
hazards and precautionary measures are stated, where required, for the
various types of adhesives and sealants. The notes are intended to give
general guidance only over the whole range of adhesives and sealants, so
they cannot be expected to cover fully each individual case. Details of
specific products should be requested from the manufacturer of the
product in question, particularly material safety data sheets (MSDS).
If the product is intended for use in an unusual application, the safety
aspects should again be checked by reference to the manufacturer prior to
using the material in a new manner. All instructions and warnings on the
label should be carefully observed. Various government agencies impose
special requirements upon commercial users of materials classified as
dangerous goods and/or hazardous substances.
General Handling
These general observations relate to most adhesives and sealants. More

detailed advice on particular adhesive and sealant types is given in subsequent
sections. (Refer Index)
Hygiene
The possible ingestion of adhesives and sealants should be avoided and the
consumption or storage of food or drink should be prohibited in areas where
adhesives are handled or used. All users should thoroughly wash their hands
after handling any adhesive or sealant. This is especially so prior to smoking,
eating, drinking or going to the toilet. Some adhesives can emit dust or toxic
vapours and as such represent an inhalation hazard. Suitable dust masks,
respirators and/or adequate ventilation should be provided in these instances,
not only for the comfort of the operator who may be using the substance, but
also those in the surrounding area who may be affected. Skin contact should
be minimised and totally avoided where possible by the use of protective
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clothing such as gloves and aprons. Manufacturers will advise on barrier and
cleansing creams appropriate for their products as well as the most suitable
protective clothing and eye protection where necessary, this information being
available either on the label of the product or within the text of the products’
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
Anyone using industrial adhesives or sealants should use adequate

eye protection. These are available from most safety supply companies.
Other applications which involve the use of a spray or otherwise
pressurized application of adhesives may require the use of chemical
goggles, a full face shield or full face respirator as may be the case with
solvent based spray contact adhesives. Once again reference to the MSDS
will provide product specific guidance in this area.
Allergies
There is always the possibility that an individual may be allergic to a
substance used in a particular adhesive or sealant. This may appear as either a
skin problem, as breathing difficulties or a combination of both. There is
generally no easy solution to this problem if physical protection is not
adequate.This includes all skin contact and the possibility of breathing even
minute quantities.
Spillage and Waste Disposal

Spillages of any type should be attended to immediately. They could
affect the environment, be flammable or represent a significant slip hazard.
Water-based products should be pumped into containers for disposal or taken
up with sand or other absorbent material before being disposed of in suitable
containers.
The small amount of residual material can be cleaned up with water before it
dries. The residual wastewater may go directly to sewerage waste provided it is
permissible to discharge this type of effluent into the sewerage (Refer to the
Local Pollution Control Authority). An alternative method is to soak up the
spillage with an inert material, which can be placed in a suitably closed
container for disposal in accordance with Local Authority requirements. This
technique is particularly appropriate for solvent-based adhesives, using sand,
clay or powdered limestone as the absorbent material. In this case the waste
itself must be handled as "Hazardous". Care should be taken in the disposal of
full or empty containers which have held solvent-based adhesives or thinners
in order to avoid a latent explosion and/or fire hazard. The empty containers
must be labeled & handled as if they are full, following all safety precautions
until the container has been thoroughly cleaned. When the container has been
emptied and thoroughly cleaned the label must be defaced completely.
Storage
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The storage of adhesives and sealants should be restricted to "NO
SMOKING" areas since even for non-flammable adhesives there is a risk that
vapours can be given off which will be converted by combustion to toxic
products by any hot surface. All flammable adhesives should be stored in
suitable areas away from oxidizing agents (pool chemicals), sources of ignition
such as electrical switches and always ensure adequate ventilation. Generally
speaking, all adhesives and sealants should be stored in a cool dry area out of
direct sunlight, preferably between 5c & 30c. Warm drums of solvent-based
adhesives should be opened slowly and carefully to allow gradual release of
internal pressure. If the drum has been deformed in any way it may also be
under pressure. It is recommended that eye protection be worn when handling
adhesives, this includes the opening of the containers. To ensure that the
useful shelf life of adhesive products is not exceeded, strict rotation of stock
should be observed and possible safety hazards from aging avoided. In all
cases, the manufacturer's instructions and directions printed on the label
should be observed.
Solvent-Based Adhesives (Including Solvent - Containing Types)

Adhesives of this class represent the most immediate hazard to users. The
materials can be flammable, toxic or both.
Storage: Store in cool dry moderate conditions at temperatures from 5c to

30c, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer. Safe Handling and
Storage of Adhesives and Sealants 14 February, 2000 Plastics And Chemicals
Industries Association (PACIA) 4
Usage: Avoid inhaling the vapours, use in well ventilated areas and avoid
contact with the skin. The use of suitable barrier creams in conjunction with
gloves is strongly recommended. Do not use solvents to clean adhesive from the
skin. Removal of adhesives from the skin should be done with soap & water or
possibly commercial hand cleansers. When handling low viscosity adhesives,
suitable approved goggles or face shields should be worn to protect the eyes
from splashes. Wherever possible, any potential build-up of solvent vapours in
the work atmosphere should be controlled by adequate ventilation using
flameproof exhaust fans where necessary. If this is not practicable, then
suitable breathing apparatus, such as respirators, should be worn.
Spillage: Clean up immediately, using sand or powdered limestone to absorb

the adhesive before scraping up the residues with non sparking tools and
disposing of them according to the local regulations. If a rag is used, allow it to
dry out before placing in a container for disposal.
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Fire Risk: If the adhesive contains flammable solvents, do not store or use
near naked flames, avoid sparks and use generous ventilation with a fire
extinguisher at hand.
Toxicity: Although toxicity of solvent vapours from adhesives vary

considerably, the breathing of appreciable quantities of solvent-laden air
should be avoided. The lower the quoted TWA value, the higher the toxicity of
the material and, consequently, more effective ventilation is required to
maintain the solvent vapour concentration in the working area below the
permissible limit. Monitoring of the workplace should occur on a regular basis
to ensure workplace exposures are within documented limits. If in doubt about
the monitoring process consult your adhesive supplier or manufacturer.
First Aid:
a) If ingested, follow directions on the label and seek medical attention from a
doctor. b) If splashed in the eyes, wash out with copious amounts of water and
it is advisable to seek medical attention where injuries to the eye are
concerned. c) If skin contact occurs remove excess with paper or cloth, clean off
with suitable commercial skin cleanser and wash with soapy water. Apply an
emollient cream. d) If the vapours are breathed for an appreciable period,
exposure to fresh air should be effected as soon as possible. If recovery is slow,
seek medical attention.
Water-Based Adhesives (Including Emulsions, Lattices and Solutions)

Being water-based, this class of product is not normally flammable. The dry
adhesive film formed when water is removed, may be capable of burning but
does not usually sustain combustion. Some synthetic polymers depolymerize
under heat, liberating volatile, toxic, and/or flammable vapours. Solvents are
incorporated in many emulsion adhesives for special applications and this may
affect toxicity and flammability (see Section 1). Synthetic lattices or emulsions
contain free monomer, which, although normally present at low levels, can be a
potential hazard to health. Other volatile ingredients such as ammonia,
formaldehyde, etc. can also be troublesome and therefore be used with
adequate ventilation. Contact with the skin should be avoided but if this does
occur aqueous adhesives should be washed off with cold water before they can
dry.
Powder Adhesives
This covers a very wide range of products from powdered starch and animal
glues, which are relatively innocuous, to the more hazardous synthetic resin
powders. Under certain circumstances, dust can present an explosion hazard.
This risk can be avoided by paying careful attention to good housekeeping and
maintaining low dust levels. Inhalation of dust is another potential hazard and
exposure should be minimized with suitable respirators being worn where
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necessary. Some powdered glues are acknowledged to be dermatitis, and in
such cases manufacturers' recommendations must be strictly followed. As a
general precaution in all cases, strict attention should be paid to personal
hygiene, and direct handling should be avoided. As some powder adhesives can
contain caustic or acidic materials, approved eye protective goggles should be
worn when handling these products.
Cement Based Adhesives

Portland cement is hazardous and may contain crystalline silica. Cements may
cause respiratory, skin and eye irritation. Wet cement can be irritating and
corrosive to the eyes and skin and may cause skin sensitization (dermatitis).
Safety: Avoid contact with eyes and skin from both wet and dry cement. Avoid
breathing dust. Wear suitable protective clothing including gloves or barrier
cream and eye protection. Suitable respiratory equipment should be used when
handling this product. When cutting or abrading hardened concrete keep it wet
with water to avoid creation of hazardous dust. Wash thoroughly after
handling. Wash work clothes regularly.
First Aid: Wash skin with clean water. Irrigate eyes repeatedly with clean water
or eyewash solution. If inhaled move immediately to fresh air. If swallowed
wash mouth with water, do not induce vomiting and drink water or milk to
dilute stomach contents. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.
Spills/Leaks: Spills may be vacuumed or swept, avoid generation of dust and

keep out of sewers and storm water drains. Collect in containers for disposal as
trade waste in accordance with local authority guidelines.
Other Adhesives
This group contains such products as Epoxies, Polyurethanes, Reactive
Acrylics, Cyanoacrylates, Anaerobic and other 100% solids liquid resin
adhesives. Most of these require to be mixed with a reactive hardener to
promote curing of the adhesive, and these hardeners can be more toxic than
the base resin so care must be exercised in handling them as well as the resin.
Some of these liquid resin adhesives contain flammable solvents so the normal
precautions as stated earlier for solvent based adhesives should also be
observed. The handling technique should ensure that uncured resin or
hardener does not come in contact with the skin. Operators should be provided
with suitable gloves, the insides of which must be kept scrupulously clean and
care should be taken to prevent clothing cuffs becoming contaminated.
Damaged gloves must be replaced. Barrier creams applied to the skin before
work begins offer additional protection. If despite all precautions, the skin does
become contaminated, the affected area should be washed immediately with a
suitable commercial hand cleanser and disposable towels used for drying. Do
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not use solvents. Extra care should be taken with Cyanoacrylates to prevent
splashing into eyes or bonding of skin. If contaminated, the eyes should be
irrigated immediately with water and medical assistance sought. The skin
should be washed with copious amounts of water and bonded skin should be
soaked in warm water, or wiped with an acetone soaked cloth if water is not
effective.
DO NOT USE ACETONE NEAR THE EYES OR BROKEN SKIN.

The mixing of adhesive formulations should only be carried out in
suitably ventilated areas. As a precaution, the wearing of approved dust or
vapors respirators is advised when handling powder or liquid fillers and/or
hardeners, in order to avoid inhalation. Cleanliness and tidiness in the working
area are of the utmost importance. Benches should be covered with replaceable
paper, which should be removed and destroyed when contaminated. Containers
should be kept as far as practicable in a clearly marked off area of the
workspace.
Sealants
The main types of Sealants in current use are: Silicones, Urethanes,
Polysulphides, Polymercaptans, Acrylics, Butyl Mastics, Polychloroprenes and
Oil-based Caulks. None of the above materials are considered to unduly
present any special hazards in their storage or handling. However, some may
be acidic or alkaline in nature or allergenic, thus continuous exposure could
cause skin or eye irritation. It is advisable to avoid eye contamination by using
protective goggles where necessary and to prevent repeated or prolonged
contact with the skin by using gloves etc.
CONCLUSION
This brochure outlines the normal precautions that should be observed
in safely handling and storing all types of Industrial and Resale Adhesives
available on the Australian market. The guide has been prepared by the
Adhesive and Sealants Technical Committee of PACIA to advise users in the
correct techniques for the safe handling and storage of their products. It is not
meant to be a substitute for an MSDS. More information on any particular
adhesive may be obtained by directly contacting the manufacturer of the
adhesive or sealant in question. Other inquiries to Plastics and Chemicals
Industries Association (PACIA), Royal Domain Centre, 4th Floor, 380 St Kilda
Road Melbourne, Victoria 3004.
Telephone: (03) 9699 6299

Facsimile: (03) 9699 6717
Plastics And Chemicals
Industries Association Inc
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Safe Handling and Storage
of Adhesives and Sealants
Plastics And Chemicals Industries Association
GPO Box 1610M
Melbourne Vic 3004
JOB SHEET 1.4-1
Storing/Disposing unused/used sealant/adhesive
Performance Objective:
To store and dispose used/unused sealant/adhesive
Tools/Materials:
 Sealant/adhesive
 Engine
 Rags
 Scribber
Procedure:
1. Prepare the tool, engine and materials (sealant/adhesive) in the

area.
2. Identify the appropriate sealant/adhesive
3. Prepare cylinder head, cylinder head belt and valve cover gasket
for sealant/adhesive.
4. Apply sealant/adhesive on the surface evenly.
5. Store/dispose of sealant/adhesive.
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Competency
Automotive Servicing NC II
Standard
Unit of
Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive
Competency
Ways in which evidence will be collected:
Demonstration
[tick the column]
Observation
Questioning
Portfolio
The evidence must show that the candidate…
 Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive
 Prepare surface for sealant/adhesive
 Apply sealant/adhesive evenly
 Store/Dispose of sealant/adhesive
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Note: *Critical Aspects of Competency
Prepared by: Date:
Checked by:
Date:
DEMONSTRATION
Candidate’s Name:
Assessor’s Name:
Unit of Competency Apply Appropriate sealants/adhesive
Date of Assessment
Time of Assessment
Instruction for the Demonstration
Given the necessary tools and materials, the student will apply appropriate sealant/adhesive
Materials and Equipment
Scribber, different types of sealant/adhesive, rags.
Please check (√) to

Observation show if evidence is
During the demonstration of skills, the candidate: demonstrated
Yes No N/A
 Identify appropriate sealant/adhesive
 Prepare surface for sealant/adhesive
 Apply sealant/adhesive evenly
 Store/Dispose of sealant/adhesive
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Candidate’s demonstration was:
Satisfactory Not Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Questions
Response
The candidates should answer the following Yes No
1. How do sealant basically differ from gasket?

2. Which are normally used to seal higher pressures?
3. Explain the difference between two basic types of seals.
4. How do you understand when we say FIPG?
The Candidate’s underpining knowledge was:
Feedback to Candidate:

Document No.1
Date Developed:
Issued by:
KIT-TESDA
Alagon
Candidate’s Signature: Date:
Assessor’s Signature: Date:
Document No.1
Date Developed:
Issued by:
KIT-TESDA
Alagon

Enhanced Module On Applying Appropriate Sealant or Adhesive

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Enhanced Module On Applying Appropriate Sealant or Adhesive

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COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Sector : AUTOMOTIVE/ LAND TRANSPORT

Qualification Title : AUTOMOTIVE SERVICING NC II

Unit of Competency : APPLY APPROPRIATE SEALANT/ADHESIVE

Technical Education & Skills Development Authority

Welcome to the Module Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive. This

This unit of competency Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive contains

You are required to go through series of learning activities in order to

Recognition to Prior Learning (RPL)

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

In doing the activities to complete the requirements of this module, please be

 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

1 Apply Appropriate Applying Appropriate ALT723201

2 Move and Position Moving and Positioning Vehicle ALT723202

3 Perform Mensuration Performing Mensuration and ALT311202

4 Read, Interpret and Reading, Interpreting and ALT723203

5 Use and Apply Using and Applying ALT723204

6 Perform Shop Performing Shop Maintenance ALT723205

7 Perform Job Estimates Performing Job Estimates ALT311204

8 Interpret/ Draw Interpreting/ Drawing ALT311205

9 Practice Health, Safety Practicing Health, Safety and ALT 723206

10 Inspect Technical Inspecting Technical Quality of ALT311207

11 Maintain Quality Maintaining Quality Systems ALT311208

12 Provide Work Skills Providing Work Skills ALT311209

13 Identify and Select Identifying and Selecting ALT723210

QUALIFICATION : Automotive Servicing NC II

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : Apply Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

MODULE TITLE : Applying Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

This competency unit covers the knowledge, skills, and attitude

Upon completion of this module, you must be able to:

Learning Outcome 1: Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

Learning Outcome 1 : Identify Appropriate Sealant/Adhesive

Learning Activities Special Instructions

Read Information Sheet 1.1-1  Read and understand the

Answer Self- Check 1.1-1  Answer self – check without

What is an Adhesive? What is Sealant? How Do They Differ?

Adhesives: Functions and Forms

An adhesive is a material that joins two surfaces together by bonding them. It

Adhesive vs. Sealant: Adhesive

 Adhesion – the adhesion must bond with each substrate (sticking to

The level of required adhesion built into a formation depends on the

Sealants: Functions and Forms

A Sealant is a material designed only to fill up spaces can be joints, gaps or

Adhesive vs. Sealant: Sealant

 Liquids – like rain on a window or water on a bathroom wall.

 Solids – like dust or blowing dirt.

 Impermeability – air and water must not go through the sealant.

 Flexibility – while forming a solid, the cured sealant must be elastic

 Rheology – if applied to a surface, as between two walls panels, it must

A gasket sealant is a liquid compound use to improve gasket sealing,

Gasket sealants differ in a number of ways. Different sealants are

ADHESIVES, SEALANT, AND OTHER CHEMICAL SEALING MATERIALS

Quick-drying contact adhesive is designed for bonding cork, rubber,

Never use a hard-drying sealant (Such as shellac) on gasket. It will make

Silicone Formed-in-place Sealants

Sealants gasket can be used to replace conventional paper, cork and

Today’s RTV aerobic silicone formulations are impervious to most

The uncured rubber contained in RTV silicone gasketing irritates the

Anaerobic Formed-in-place Sealants

These formed-in-place materials are used for thread locking as well as

Never use a sealant or formed-in-place gasket on exhaust manifolds.

As a sealing supplement, Hylomar sticks to virtually any surface, resists