1- Daily Maintainanse Routins

1.1 Outputting alarm history

Steps

1. Output the alarm history for the previous 24hrs

2. If there is a large number of alarms, split the output into 3-star alarms, 2-star
alarms, 1-star alarms, disturbances and notices by specifying the CLS parameter

All alarms must be investigated and accounted for.

Further information:

Example

Output all alarms from 16th May 97 at 9.30 (AHP).

ZAHP::1997–05–16,09–30–0

Example

Output 3-star alarms from 16th May 97 at 10.00

ZAHP::CLS=AL3:1997–05–16,10–0–0

1.2 Outputting current alarms

Steps

1. Output current alarms (AHO)

ZAHO;

1.3 Checking working states of computer units

Steps

1. Check that any abnormal working states are accounted for (USI)

ZUSI:COMP;

You can use the USL command to list units in an incorrect state. The following
command lists all the units in incorrect state (i.e. other than WO-EX or SP-EX or if
the unit is in faulty state, FLTY):

ZUSL:,INCO:ALL;

1.4 Checking working states of I/O devices

 Steps

1. Check the working states of I/O devices (ISI)

For example, to check the states of I/O devices connected to the OMU.

ZISI:,OMU:ALL;

1.5 Outputting clear codes

Steps

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1. Output the clear codes (TUT)

ZTUT:CLR;

2. Study the report and investigate any abnormal trends

You can obtain the previous measurement period, using the TUL command.

ZTUL:SER;

3. If the switch has an unexpected high amount of certain clear codes, you can
monitor these using the TOF command

ZTOF:S,,<codes>;

You can monitor 5 different clear codes simultaneously. The results (in
ASCII) will be output via the TRAOBS logical file.

Note
Remember that the clear code monitoring, as well as any other monitoring, is not meant
to be left on permanently.

Inspecting printers
For the whole topic summary, see General maintenance overview .

Steps

1. Ensure that all printers have enough paper for the next 24 hours
2. Ensure that all printers are operating correctly

1.6 Inspecting tape units

Steps

1. Ensure that all tape units have enough tape for the next 24 hours
2. Ensure that all tape units are operating correctly
1.7 Updating FB build
Before you start

To be able to update the FB build, you must have created the FB build using the
mode=full parameter of the WKS command.

Note
Take fallbacks during low traffic, for example, at night.

Steps

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1. Update the FB build (WKS)

ZWKS:MODE=DATA;

Note
You can do this only if the node contains a full fallback copy of the BU build.

2. Check in the log file that the backup was successful (WKP)

ZWKP:DATA:EMODE;

Further information:

See the instructions on Safecopying for more information on the fallback copying procedure.

1.8 Taking backup copies of FB build on DDS tape

This section describes how to copy the FB build to the Cartridge Tape Unit (CTU).

Note
Use several DAT tapes and swap them each week to prevent a tape failure during the
operation from destroying the only backup.

Steps

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1. Check the name of the directory where the fallback copy is stored (WQO)

ZWQO:CR;

Note
Make sure that the FB build has been updated as described in the section Updating the
FB build .

2. Copy the files (IPS)

 The following command copies data from the system disk located in OMU to
the CTU located in the same OMU.

ZIPS:”OMU”,WDU-S,/FB980815,,,:,CTU-0,,,: NAME=BACKUP1,
DIR=INC, ISD=Y;

3. Always remove the tape from the drive

This prevents dust from entering in the drive mechanism.

Further information:

For more information on how to take a backup of the FB build, refer to instructions on
Safecopying .

1.9 Cleaning CTU

This section describes the service of the Cartridge Tape Unit (CTU).

Table: Cleaning the Cartridge Tape Unit.

DEVICE All models

SERVICE In backup copying service takes place after every 25 hours of use. It takes
INTERVAL approximately 25 hours to write 7 cartridge tapes full.
 
When information is stored continuously, as in charging, cleaning takes place after
5 cartridge tapes are written full. If the tapes are not written full, you can clean the
CTU less frequently.
 
Note, always clean the CTU if the indicator on the unit indicates that the read-write
head is dirty.

ESTIMATED 5 - 10 min
DURATION

TOOLS Cleaning cartridge (e.g. HP92283K)

Note

The Cartridge Tape Unit (CTU) drive must be cleaned every 25 hours working time using a
cleaning tape (e.g. HP92283K).

The 25 hours mentioned in the table above refers to active operating time that the tape unit
spends reading or writing on the tape. The passive operating time is insignificant from the
service point of view. Always remove the tape from the drive after backup copying.

Clean the CTU with a cleaning tape. Discard the cleaning tape after 25 uses and start using
a new one. The cleaning must not be done too often, because it shortens the life of the
cartridge tape unit. However, cleaning must not be omitted, since it ensures the faultless
functioning of the CTU.
Steps

1. Remove the tape from the tape unit if necessary

2. Insert the cleaning tape into the drive with same care as with a cartridge tape, to
avoid damage to the loading system

3. Wait until it is ejected automatically (2-3 mins)

Note
Discard the cleaning tape after 25 uses and start using a new cleaning tape.

4. Insert a cartridge tape into the tape unit

Storage of cartridge tapes

Store the cartridge tapes in their protective covers. Avoid storing the tapes near strong
magnetic fields.

Tape operating circumstances

 Temperature from 5 to 45 degrees Celsius.

 Relative humidity from 20 to 80 %

Tape storage circumstances

 Temperature from 5 to 32 degrees Celsius.

 Relative humidity from 20 to 60 %

Note
If you store tapes in a temperature deviating from the operating temperature, do not insert
such a tape into the drive immediately. Before using such a tape, let the temperature
difference even out by keeping the tape in the operating temperature for at least two hours.

2- Weekly Maintenans Routines

2.1 Printing and saving unit states

Steps

1. Print the unit states (USI)

ZUSI;

Note
Save the printout as an accurate record of the unit states. You can use the printout later
during investigations into any incident or failure.

2.2 Checking status of charging files

Steps

1. Check the status of the charging files (GXD)

ZGXD;

The output will show the state of each charging file.

2. Look for any abnormalities

2.3 Checking blocked alarms

Steps

1. Check the blocked alarms (ABO

ZABO;

2. Look for any blocked alarms that cannot be accounted

2.4 Checking date and time

Steps

1. Check the date and time of the network element (DCD)

ZDCD;

Note
Remember that changing the time affects all time measurements currently in progress in
the network element (or elements). This includes, for example, traffic measurement periods
and measurement of the conversation time in detailed charging. The effects of changing the
time must be taken into account in these measurements (in the analysis and further
processing of the results).

2.5 Checking printers

Steps

1. Check the printer ribbons and clean the printers if required

3- Performing fortnightly(Two Weeks) maintenance

routines
This section presents the routines to be carried out every two weeks

3.1 Cleaning Magnetic Tape Unit (MTU)

This section describes the service of the Magnetic Tape Unit (MTU).
Table 6 shows the MTU service interval, the estimated duration of service and the tools
needed in service.

Table: Cleaning the magnetic tape unit.

DEVICE All models

SERVICE INTERVAL Each time the magnetic tape is changed, and at least once every two weeks

ESTIMATED 5 - 10 min
DURATION

TOOLS Lint-free cotton cloth and isopropyl alcohol, or a suitable cleaning kit (Nokia
code 1579500602)
Note
The cleaning fluid to be used is isopropyl alcohol (96%). Other agents, such as carbon
tetrachloride, must not be used.

Steps

1. Open the front cover

2. Remove the magnetic tape

3. Pull out the read-write head cover if needed

4. Wipe the tape route with care using a cotton cloth moistened with isopropyl alcohol.
Wipe then with a dry cloth to remove possible residues

5. Clean the rubber-coated tractor spool with dry cloth

6. Wipe the read-write head first with cotton moistened with the cleaning fluid and then
with a dry cloth

7. Clean any dust from the protective cover

8. Replace the read-write head cover

9. Replace the magnetic tape

10. Close the protective cover

Note
The protective covers of the MTU must always be closed when the unit is in use.

Storage of magnetic tapes

Store the magnetic tapes in their casings, which should be placed on a shelf preferably in the
upright position. Keep the magnetic tapes away from strong magnetic fields.

Storage conditions for unused tape:

  Temperature from 5 to 48 degrees Celsius
 Relative humidity from 20 to 80 %

 Absolute humidity max. 25 g/cubic metre

Storage conditions for used tapes:

 Temperature from 5 to 32 degrees Celsius

 Relative humidity from 20 to 80 %

 Absolute humidity max. 25 g/cubic metre

If the tape has been stored for a longer period of time or if layers of tape on the reel are stuck
together, wind the tape forward and back before use.

If you store tapes in a temperature deviating from the operating temperature, do not insert
such a tape into the tape unit immediately. Before using such a tape, let the temperature
difference even out by keeping the tape in the operating temperature for at least 12 to 24
hours.

4- Monthily Mentenanse Routines

4.1 Checking hardware alarms

Steps

1. Check the hardware alarms and alarm inputs (WAE)

The following command tests the alarm inputs of all cartridges in rack 1A:

ZWAE:1A;

Note
This command only works in network elements with cartridge construction

4.2 Cleaning visual display unit

This section describes the service of the Visual Display Unit (VDU).

Table 7 shows the Visual Display Unit service interval, the estimated duration of service and
the tools needed in service.

Table: Cleaning the VDU.

DEVICE All models

 SERVICE INTERVAL Monthly

ESTIMATED DURATION 5 - 10 min

TOOLS Soft cloth and cleaning fluid or suitable cleaner tissue

Note
Fluids containing oils or alcohol must not be used for the cleaning. A mild soap solution is
suitable.

Steps

1. Wipe the screen, the case and the keyboard with cloth moistened with the cleaning
solution or with ready-made cleaner tissues
2. If necessary, adjust the brightness and contrast of the display using the
adjustments of the monitor

Note
Avoid having the display unit adjusted too bright since that shortens the lifetime of the
Cathod Ray Tube (CRT).

5- Six-Monthly Maintenanse Routines

5.1 Procedure information: Running fault diagnoses and

changing unit states

Run fault diagnoses on all spare computer units,

message buses and clock units.
Note
The routines in this section should be carried out in low traffic periods.

Steps
Expand/collapse all

1. Change the unit state to TE (USC)

For example, to change the SSU 0–1 to test state:

 ZUSC:SSU,0,1:TE;

2. Run the fault diagnosis (UDU)

For example, to run all fault diagnoses on SSU 0–1:

ZUDU:SSU,0,1;

3. If any of the fault diagnoses fail, you must investigate and correct the fault using
normal maintenance procedures
4. Change the unit states of the units diagnosed above to WO-EX (USC)

USC

Note
In larger network elements the above routines will be time-consuming. The operator
may first wish to perform the fault diagnoses followed by unit changeovers one month
later. The frequency of the routines can be adjusted accordingly. Carry out the unit
changeovers during low traffic.

5.2 Adjusting the CLG plug-in unit

Before you start

The CLG can be serviced only if the M/CAC unit which the CLG is attached to is in working
state SE. If the working state is other than SE, the M/CAC involved must first be set to state
SE by the USC command. If the unit involved is an RSS, no preliminary measures are
needed.

When adjusting the CLG, you need to know the characters on the front panel of the CLG. In
the Figure Characters on the front panel of the CLG needed in adjusting below, you can
see the characters and their explanations that are needed in the adjustment of the CLG.
Figure: Characters on the front panel of the CLG needed in adjusting

For more information, see The adjustment of the clock generator .

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

5.3 Adjusting the frequency of the CLG plug-in unit

Steps

1. Connect the frequency counter to the measurement point and earth point on the
front panel of the CLG
2. When necessary, adjust the sensitivity of the frequency meter to maintain the
reading of the meter stable

3. By turning a screw on the front panel with a screwdriver, adjust the frequency to
value 2.048 MHz with the accuracy of 1 % within a 0.2-Hz range

When you lift the screwdriver from the screw, the reading of the meter should
remain at the adjusted value.

After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

5.4 Adjusting the voltage of the CLG phase lock

Steps

Expand/collapse all

1. Make sure that the CLG to be serviced synchronises with the incoming timing
signal

The red signal light on the front panel must not be on, whereas the same
green signal light (marked 0, 1 or 2), indicating clock input, as in the active
CLG must be lit.

2. Connect the digital voltmeter to the measurement point and earth point on the front
panel
3. By turning a screw adjust the voltage to value 0 V, with the accuracy of 1 %
within a 1-mV range

After you lift the screwdriver from the screw, the reading should remain at the
adjusted value. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

4. After you have made the adjustments, return the functional units to working state SP
or WO

Further information:

Example: Adjusting the CLG connected to M-1

Steps

1. Use the USI command to see whether the M-1 is in working state SE. If it is in
working state SE, you can move on to task three.

ZUSI:M,1;

2. If the M-1 is not in working state SE, use the USC command to change the working
state. If the M-1 is in working state WO-EX, you first have to change the working
state to TE and then to SE command.

ZUSC:M,1:TE;

ZUSC:M,1:SE;

3. Connect the frequency counter to the measurement point and earth point on the
front panel of the CLG.
4. By turning a screw on the front panel with a screwdriver, adjust the frequency to
value 2.048 MHz with the accuracy of 1 % within a 0.2-Hz range.

5. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

6. Connect the digital voltmeter to the measurement point and earth point on the front
panel of the CLG.

7. By turning a screw, adjust the voltage to value 0 V, with the accuracy of 1 % within a
1-mV range.

8. After this, detach the probes from the plug-in unit.

 9. After you have made the adjustments, return the functional units to working state SP
or WO.

ZUSC:M,1:SP;

or

ZUSC:M,1:WO;

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

6- Yearly Mentainanse Routins

6.1 Checking voltages
Cartridge construction

There is no need to check the voltages when cartridge construction is in use.

Subrack construction

If the network element construction is based on subracks, check the voltages of the subracks
at the vertical power buses.

Steps

Expand/collapse all

1. Measure the supply voltage at the rack specific power supply points

Refer to the table for the voltage tolerances.

Table: Feed voltage to DC/DC converters.

Nominal voltage Tolerance

-48 V -41.5 V to -57 V

-60 V -48 V to -75 V

2. Check and measure the voltages of the vertical power busses.

Refer to the table for the tolerances of idle voltages.

Table: Voltages of racks.

 Nominal voltage Tolerances of idle voltages

5.1 V 5.10 - 5.20 V

12.1 V 12.10 - 12.25 V

120 V 120 - 130 V (49.5 - 50.5 Hz)

Note
Measured voltages must be within +/- 5% of the nominal voltage. If the voltage does not
meet the tolerance requirements, replace the power supply unit and send the faulty unit
to service.

3. Check the earthing connections visually

4. Measure the voltage difference between the earth (DOV) and + lead (0V)

Note
The voltage difference must be under 1V. If the voltage difference is greater than 1V, do
the following:

a. Check what the difference was when the network element was
installed and commissioned
b. Check the results of previous measurements if there are any

c. Check that the voltage meter is correctly calibrated

d. Check that the voltage meter is properly connected

e. Measure the voltage difference in each earthing connection

5. If the measurement result is still not within the allowed limits, note this down in the
network element diary

6.2 Cleaning Floppy Disk Unit

The Floppy Disk Unit service interval, the estimated duration of service and the tools needed
in service are shown in the table.

Table: Cleaning the floppy disk unit.

DEVICE All models

SERVICE INTERVAL Yearly

ESTIMATED DURATION 15 - 20 min

TOOLS Cleaning disk and cleaning fluid

Note
 The cleaning fluid to be used is isopropyl alcohol (96%). Other agents, such as carbon
tetrachloride, must not be used.

Steps

1. Moisten the cleaning disk with the cleaning agent

2. Insert the disk into the drive

3. Enter the command IWI

IWI

4. Repeat the command as many times as is required to make the red LED indicator
on the front panel glow for about 30 seconds
5. Remove the cleaning disk from the drive

Storage of floppy disks

Always store the disks in the case that comes with them.

 When you remove a disk from the drive, always return it to the case.
 Keep the disks away from magnetic fields and ferromagnetic substances which can
become magnetized. A strong magnetic field will destroy the data on the disks.

 Do not expose the disks to heat or sunshine.

 Do not touch or try to clean the surfaces of a disk. Rubbing may destroy the data on
the disk.

 Use 3,5" HD disks only.

6.3 Adjusting the CLOS plug-in unit

Before you start

The CLOS (CLOS — Clock Oscillator) plug-in unit's need of service can be checked when
the CLS unit is in state WO, SP or TE. The actual adjustment is made in state TE.

Note
CLOS-S does not need to be serviced.

You should check that there is no loop in the PCM used as the synchronization source
(including transmission system). The network element used as the synchronization source
must not be synchronized to the network element you are using. This kind of loop causes the
synchronization unit to slowly adjust towards the end of its adjustment range. In this case the
adjustment of CLOS should not be done.

Steps
Expand/collapse all
1. Make sure that the CLOS to be adjusted synchronises with the incoming timing
signal

This is confirmed by the following printout of the DRI command:

SYNCHRONIZATION UNIT WORKING MODE: HIERARCHIC

SYNCHRONIZATION

2. Measure oscillator frequency from active CLOS front panel measure point

Measure oscillator frequency from active CLOS front panel measure point if
the following printout is not given:

SYNCHRONIZATION UNIT WORKING MODE: HIERARCHIC

SYNCHRONIZATION

The result should be 16.384 MHz +/- 2.4 Hz. If the frequency cannot be
adjusted to this value with screw, change the oscillator (CLOS) card.

If CLS has been in plesiochronous operation, wrong frequency in the

synchronisation source (2M1...2M4, FS1, FS2) can be the cause of this
situation.

If CLOS frequency has been checked successfully, then traps can be

monitored from the synchronisation source. Traps are checked with the
MML-command ZYMO:<Et index> . If trap count increases every 7
minutes or faster, the frequency difference between the synchronisation
source and the network element used is too big. This problem should be
corrected in the transmission system or in a higher level network element.

3. Printout OSCILLATOR CONTROL MODE generated by the DRI command

should indicate the active synchronisation unit as NORMAL

If oscillator control mode has not changed to normal after one hour of
waiting, there is too much jitter in the synchronisation source. Eliminate the
cause of jitter.

4. Check the control word of the unit to be adjusted

Check the control word (OSCILLATOR CONTROL WORD VALUE) of the

unit to be adjusted. If the control word is 32768 +/- 10000, no adjustment is
needed.

5. Set the unit to be adjusted to state TE with the USC command

6. Start the adjustment with the DRO command

7. By turning a screw, adjust the unit towards the direction indicated by a yellow
signal light

The light has three degrees of brightness. When the light starts to fade, the
adjustment is slowed down considerably. When both yellow signal lights
have gone out, the adjustment has been correctly performed.

If you have checked that the synchronisation mode is hierarchic and you
cannot get the yellow lights to go out, change the CLOS card.
 8. The adjustment is terminated with the DRO command
9. The unit to be adjusted is transferred to normal operation with the USC command

10. Alarm 2638 is generated in connection with adjustments

Alarm 2638 (FAILURE IN BUS BETWEEN SYNCHRONIZATION UNITS) is

generated in connection with adjustments. This is normal because the unit to
be calibrated requires all CPU time available and has no time to respond to
neighbouring units.

11. The other CLOS can be adjusted when, after switchover, the active CLS unit
indicates: OSCILLATOR CONTROL MODE : NORMAL

Further information:

Example: Adjusting the CLOS-1

Steps

1. Set the CLOS-1 unit to be adjusted to state TE.

ZUSC:CLS,1:TE;

2. Start the adjustment.

ZDRO:CLS,1:C=START;

3. By turning a screw, adjust the unit towards the direction indicated by a yellow signal
light. When both yellow signal lights have gone out, the adjustment has been
correctly performed.
4. Terminate the adjustment.

ZDRO:CLS,1:C=STOP;

5. Transfer the CLOS-1 unit to normal operation (working state SP).

ZUSC:CLS,1:SP;

For more information, see The adjustment of the clock generator .

For the whole topic summary, see Adjustment of clock generator overview .

Performing maintenance routines on external

equipment
All the other equipment that is not supplied by Nokia and that may have an effect on the
performance of the network element must be regularly tested according to the manufacturer's
instructions.

In addition, here are a few general maintenance recommendations for external equipment
For the whole topic summary, see General maintenance overview .

Steps
1. Check at regular intervals that the standby power supplies and their alarm systems
are in working order
2. Service the environmental equipment (fans, air conditioning, etc.) regularly and test
the alarm systems

3. Test the equipment room fire alarm system regularly

4. Note down the results of the tests in the network element diary

Hard disk drive

Hard disk drives need no service.

However, with time there will be read and write errors on the disks due to corrupted blocks.
These blocks can be marked as `bad blocks', that is, unused blocks.

Steps
1. Mark these blocks as `bad blocks', that is, unused blocks (IWB)

For example, to take the block number 1234H out of use:

ZIWB::WB:B,1234;

If there are a lot of bad blocks on a disk, it can be replaced with a new one.