Name: Grade & Section:

Teacher: Miss Mara M. Labandero Score:

General Direction: This is a 60-item test, read each direction written in every type of test, answer this test in two
hours. STRICTLY NO ERASURES!

1. A type of rock that is formed through d. Water in crevasses freezes in winter and
cooling of melt inside or outside the Earth. thaws in the summer
a. Igneous c. Metamorphic 10. Large movement of rocks and earth’s
b. Sedimentary d. Glass materials downslope due to gravity
2. A common rock-forming mineral with a a. major reduction c. mass wasting
hardness of 7, has a glassy luster b. mass reduction d. mass transfer
a. olivine c. feldspar 11. The hardest mineral is ___________.
b. amphibole d. quartz a. calcite c. quartz
3. Process of breaking down rocks into b. diamond d. talc
smaller pieces or changing its chemical 12. Crust consists mostly of
composition a. oxygen and silicon
a. Weathering c. Transport b. iron and silicon
b. Erosion d. Deposition c. iron and nickel
4. Brittle deformation of the crust when it is d. copper and nickel
subjected to low pressure and temperature 13. The thickest layer of the Earth’s internal
conditions structure is ___________
a. Folding c. mountain- a. crust c. outer core
building b. mantle d. inner core
b. Faulting d. subduction zone 14. It is the process that lays down (drops)
5. The science that deals with the idea that sediment in a new location.
the Earth is made up of different segments a. Erosion
and that they move relative each other b. Deposition
a. Seafloor-spreading c. Converging c. Weathering
Plates d. Meandering
b. Subducting Plates d. Plate Tectonics 15. The process of moving pieces of soil or rock
6. Where in the ocean floor is the deepest? by mechanisms including gravity, wind,
a. rift valleys c. submarine canyons water, ice plants or animals its called:
b. abyssal plain d. oceanic a. Deposition
trenches b. erosion
7. The composition of magma which is likely c. landslide
to have highest viscosity is __________. d. Weathering
a. felsic c. mafic 16. When  pound against cracks in rocks on
b. intermediate d. ultramafic the shore they erode, and pieces of rocks
8. Rock fragments transported in a streambed break off and are carried away. The
_________. shoreline erodes, forming new landforms,
a. Get smaller and rounder such as    .
b. Get larger and rounder a. mudslide; rivers
c. Get smaller and angular b. lakes; ponds
d. Get larger and angular c. waves; beaches
d. None of the above
9. Which statement on mechanical 17. The rapid downhill movement of large
weathering is NOT true? amount of rock and soil is called a(n):
a. Rocks breaks into smaller fragments a. erosion
b. Chemical changes happen in rocks b. Landslide
c. Moss on the wall creates hairline fractures c. Avalanche
in the cement d. Earthquake
 18. The theory explaining that the Earth's 24. The type of metamorphism this rock
outer shell is composed of many moving undergoes occurs due to the pressure and
segments is called the theory. heat from the movement of one tectonic
a. primordial ooze plate against another.
b. tectonic plate a. Concrete Metamorphism
c. Gradualism b. Contact Metamorphism
d. lithosphere c. Tectonic Metamorphism
19. Color is unreliable for identifying a mineral d. Regional Metamorphism
because 25. To be placed into the sulfide mineral group
a. most minerals have similar colors. the mineral must have this.
b. small amounts of other elements affect a. Silicon
color, but weathered surfaces will reveal b. Carbon
color. c. Sodium
c. small amounts of other elements affect d. Sulfur
color, and weathered surfaces may hide 26. Rock that is composed of rounded gravel-
color. sized fragments, or pebbles.
d. most minerals are virtually colorless. a. Marble
20. The seas are still rising. Many researchers b. Breccia
believe the cause is . c. Granite
a. glaciers getting bigger d. Conglomerate
b. lower temperatures on Earth's surface 27. This Earth science studies forces and
c. ocean water getting more dense processes that produce weather:
d. global warming a. Astronomy
21. A geochemist is a person who specializes in b. Meteorology
the chemistry of  .                          . c. Geology
a. the atmosphere d. Oceanography
b. rocks, minerals, and soils 28. This type of sampling allows the study of
c. living things the sediment layers of the ocean
d. Tornadoes a. rock dredging
22. An inorganic solid that has a characteristic b. Dragging
chemical composition, an orderly internal c. sea floor drilling
structure and a characteristic set of d. Scraping
physical properties is a/an: 29. The point beneath Earth’s surface where
a. Element the crust breaks and triggers an
b. mineral earthquake is called the
c. radioactive waste a. epicenter.
d. nuclear fusion b. b. fault.
23. The rock below most likely formed c. focus.
through   and its major mineral d. magnitude.
component is  .                        .  30. A break in the crust where slabs slip past
each other is a(n)
a. fold. b. epicenter.
b. c. hanging wall. d. fault.
31. Earthquake waves that alternately cause
rocks to compress and expand along the
line of travel are:
a. P waves.
a. crystallization, calcite b. S waves.
b. precipitation, quartz c. side-to-side surface waves.
c. deposition, calcite d. rolling surface waves.
d. metamorphism, quartz 32. All of the following are true of tsunami
 EXCEPT: magma?
a. they can travel at speeds greater than 500 miles
per hour. 7. In what kind of plate boundary is
b. they are caused by undersea earthquakes. material from the crust very slowly
c. they are often responsible for the destruction of forced downward, back into the
ships at sea. mantle?
d. they can often form waves more than 100 feet
8. What kind of rocks are formed when
high.
molten crustal material cools and
Matching:
solidifies?

A. all land D. Glossopteris 9. What kind of rocks result when rocks

G. Alfred
Wegener eroded from higher elevations
(mountains, hills, plains) accumulate at
B. Continental Drift E. Rocks, fossil and climatelower elevations (such as swamps and
ocean bottoms)?

C. Gondwanaland F. Arthur Holmes G. Laurasia

IV. EXPLAIN (10 points)
___ 33. Northern Hemisphere shortly after
1. A seventh grade scientist was climbing Mt. Everest ,
Pangaea
the tallest mountain in the world. At the top
___ 34. Southern Hemisphere shortly after
of the mountain they found a fossil of an
Pangaea
___ 35. Pangaea means this in latin organism that once lived in the ocean.
___ 36. Fern fossil found in Africa, Explain how that is possible.
Australia, India, South America, and
Antarctica
___ 37. Clues that support continental drift
___ 38. Scientist who suggested theory of
continental drift
___ 39. Movement of continents
40. Suggests that convection currents in
the mantle play an important role in
continental drift.

III. SHORT ANSWER.

1. Know the difference between

endogenic processes and exogenic
processes of land formation.

2. Of what is the lithosphere composed?

3. Where are earthquakes most likely to

occur?

4. What is the place where the earth’s

crust actually moves in an earthquake
called?

5. What factors influence the amount of

ground shaking caused by
earthquakes?

6. What is the nature and behavior of