Lessons learned

Frequency hopping

Frequency hopping is used to reduce inference and fading for UE.

- In baseband hopping, the transmitter will change its frequency on frame

basis.
- In syntherizer hopping, the transmitter will change its frequency on time
slot basis. That is why they also said it is fast hopping.

The number of hopping frequencies is an important higher factor that affects the
frequency diversity gain. Higher gain is achieved with more hopping frequencies, but
More than 8 hopping frequencies give less improvement.

A lot of FH gain if the hoppers are separated by 1MHz or more.

Databases

NetAct is an SQL server DB.

Top-level User Interface shows a graphical view of the managed network or a part of the
network. Managed objects and their communication lines are represented by symbols that
are called view objects.

Network Editor is a tool for creating managed objects into the Nokia NetAct database and
creating views. It gives the network administrator a quick and easy way of creating a
graphical representation of the current network topology. Almost all of the tasks
involving the expansion and reconfiguring of the network require the use of Network
Editor.

Managed Object Browser provides a way to browse managed objects in the Nokia
NetAct database

Working Set Manager is a tool for creating, modifying, and browsing working sets.

NED: documentation delivery system. Adaptation Information Browser is a customer

documentation browser designed specifically for retrieval and browsing of performance
measurement database descriptions and radio network parameter descriptions, which
have so far been delivered in NED.

Alarm Monitor is the key tool in monitoring the network fault situation, as it presents a
real-time view of the actual network alarms. (Monitoring tab)

CM Editor makes it possible to access plans and parameters online in the database. CM
Editor provides functionality for modifying parameter values and object data, creating
new objects and deleting existing objects. (Configuration tab)

CM Analyser allows you to check radio network parameters and managed objects, and
ensure that the parameters are defined according to consistency rules and no essential
information is missing. (Configuration tab)

Site Configuration Tool. Where you want to name and create a new site.

Control Channels

A non combined BCCH is preferred.

Drop call reasons

1. If the network is congested and u are low priority user then ur call might be dropped.
2. The signal level for an ideal call is Transmit +43db Receive -60 ~ -80db

Some times while receiving call, suppose due to pathloss or shadowing, if ur receiving signal level is
-95db, then ur call will be dropeed.
During the site survey, Site selection is very much important to avoid the effect of path loss and
shadowing.

3. Sometimes there are pockets due to inappropiate radio network planning, in those pockets ur call might
be dropped.
Appropiate Radio Planning and the adjustment of Antenna's Down Tilt is very much important to resolve this
problem.
4. During hanover, if the interferrence from the neighbouring BTS is too high the call might be droped.
Appropiate Radio Planning and the adjustment of Antenna's Down Tilt is very much important to resolve this
problem
5. Somtimes SACCH, FACCH signalling channels are not available to provide u a TCH channel. In that case
call might be dropped. Repeated SACCH, FACCH can solve this problem.
6. Some times it might happen that you are too far from the center of BTS, that is you are at the cell
boundary. At that u might face problem to make a call as the transmitted signal from ur MS will not reach
BTS.
High gain antenna's can solve this problem. there are other different techniques to resolve this problem. But
all these solutinos varies from vendor to vendor
Parameters

directed retry threshold (DRT)

With this parameter you define the threshold value of the signal strength in the adjacent cell for the Directed
Retry procedure. If the signal strength level in the cell is lower than this threshold value, adjacent cell is not
accepted as a candidate in directed retry.

DTM enabled (DTM) (Canada sites – AT&T sites)

Parameter can be given at Adjacent Cell creation and modification when the neighbour cell is external, that
is, under another BSC. If Adjacent Cell is created with BTS reference, the value is copied from the reference
BTS (Master-BTS). In case of BSC internal adjacent cell the parameter value depends on the "DTM
Enabled" value of the reference segment.

enable HO margin lev qual (MRGS)

With this parameter you define whether the handover margins for signal level and quality will be taken into
account in the handover decision algorithm.

HO level umbrella (AUCL)

With this parameter you define the minimum signal level
of an adjacent cell, when a handover is allowed to an
adjacent umbrella cell.

HO margin qual (QMRG)

With this parameter you define a threshold for a handover
caused by signal quality.

RX lev min cell (SL)

With this parameter you define the minimum signal level
of an adjacent cell, when a handover is allowed to one of
them.

TRHO target level (TRHO)

With this parameter you define the minimum signal level
when a traffic reason handover is allowed to an adjacent
cell.