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Hypertension or high blood pressure is a chronic medical condition in

which systemic arterial blood pressure is elevated. It may be caused by other

conditions that affect the kidneys, arteries, heart, or endocrine system.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in the Philippines.

According to World Health Organization (2010), an average of around 17.4

million people dies of cardiovascular disease from 2004 to 2009 or about 29% of

deaths worldwide. Hypertension, a cardiovascular disease, has been dubbed as

the silent killer because in many instances, victims are not aware of their

affliction. It is estimated that there are more than 10 million Filipinos suffering

from hypertension, half of whom don¶t even know that they are hypertensive.

They are thus at risk of sudden death due to massive heart attack or stroke.

Persistent hypertension is one of the risk factors for stroke, myocardial

infarction, heart failure and arterial aneurism, and is leading cause of chronic

kidney failure. Moderate elevation of arterial blood pressure leads to shortened

life expectancy. Dietary and lifestyle changes can improve blood pressure control

and decrease the risk of associated health complications, although drug

treatment may prove necessary in patients for whom lifestyle changes prove

ineffective or insufficient. (en.wikipedia.org)

Hypertension is associated with numerous risks. Controlling hypertension

through blood pressure medication can reduce but not eliminate all risks. Though

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certain groups of people are more predisposed to hypertension, sometimes

hypertension occurs in people who seem otherwise healthy. However, most

experience hypertension as they age or if they are obese.

The first line of treatment for hypertension is the same as the

recommended preventative lifestyle changes such as the dietary changes,

physical exercise, and weight loss, which have all been shown to significantly

reduce blood pressure in people with hypertension. If hypertension is high

enough to justify immediate use of medications, lifestyle changes are still

recommended in conjunction with medication. Drug prescription should take into

account the patient's absolute cardiovascular risk as well as blood pressure

readings, in order to gain a more accurate picture of the patient's cardiovascular

profile. Different programs aimed to reduce psychological stress such as

biofeedback; relaxation and meditation are advertised to reduce hypertension.

However, in general claims of efficacy are not supported by scientific studies,

which have been in general of low quality. (en.wikipedia.org)

The way people live, their habits and behaviors, affects mental and

physical health. Unfortunately, many people only seriously examine their lifestyle

when they fall ill. Becoming ill or injured can seriously disrupt life, restricting daily

activities and affecting work, relationships and leisure. Some lifestyle factors can

add to this already stressful situation by hindering recovery or, worse still,

increasing symptoms.

The Department of Health (DOH), together with the Philippine Society of

Hypertension (PSH) and other medical specialty societies, reiterated its call for

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everyone to practice a health lifestyle by limiting salt in their diets, maintaining

normal weight and exercising daily for 30 minutes in order to reduce the risk of

hypertension or high blood pressure as the country observes the month of May

as ³a
  


  

 
· under Proclamation No.

1761.(www.nursedirectory.net)

The DOH and PSH aim to raise awareness about the positive impact of

simple lifestyle changes in preventing or managing high blood pressure. These

lifestyle changes include maintaining a normal body weight, minimizing salt

intake, regular exercise such as brisk walking, jogging, dancing or aerobics for at

least 30 minutes daily, limiting alcohol intake to at most two drinks a day for men,

and one a day for women, avoiding smoking and second-hand smoke, eating

potassium-rich foods such as fruits and vegetables, managing stress by getting

enough sleep and recreation, and practicing relaxation techniques. Lifestyle

changes are also especially important for people with so-called non-modifiable

risk factors or those that cannot be changed such as family history, gender, race

or age. (www.nursedirectory.net)

The DOH and PSH also advocate the importance of a health eating plan

in helping prevent or control hypertension. One such plan is the Dietary

Approaches to Stop Hypertension or DASH diet, which could help yield positive

results in lowering blood pressure and preventing the onset of full-blown

metabolic disorders such as diabetes, high cholesterol and obesity.

(www.nursedirectory.net)

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 Being a health care provider we are deemed to meet and comply with

qualifications in every setting. Like in the community, it is a must that the health

care providers meet the health needs of the people. Furthermore there is a need

for the community to be aware of the proper healthy lifestyle, prevention and

control of hypertension and as nurses we play an important role in giving the

community about information they needed. As one of the health care providers,

researchers became interested to assess and document the level of awareness

in proper healthy lifestyle of hypertensive patients specially in Barangay Turac,

San Carlos City, Pangasinan.

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According to Dorothea Orem¶s theory (Self-care Deficit Theory of Nursing)

it addresses clients self care needs. It is defined as goal-oriented activities that

are set towards generating interest in the part of the client to maintain life and

health development. The theory is a towards making the clients perform self care

activities in order to live independently.

In this theory, includes the promotion and maintenance of health the

treatment, the treatment of a disease or injury and the prevention of

complications. Self-care is an activity that promotes a person¶s well being. It is

performed by persons who are aware of the time frames on behalf of maintaining

life, continuing personal development and a healthy functional living.

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 Thus, if a person is aware of his lifestyle about his condition, illness can be

lessen the risk of any complication and can be save from morbidity while if he let

himself unaware of any information about the illness it can be more complicated

or it can lead to complications.




  

   Ê  

Profile of the

respondents as to Assess the

a. Age Analysis of the level of

 b. Gender
     profile, level of awareness of
 c. Occupation awareness of hypertensive
 d. Management hypertensive patients on
 patients on proper
 proper lifestyle lifestyle.

utilizing

descriptive
 Level of awareness
research
 of hypertensive
design through

patients on proper




 

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 The paradigm of this study visualizes how the research is conducted. The

input shows profile of the respondents as to age, gender, occupation, educational

attainment. It also includes the level of awareness of hypertensive patients on

proper lifestyle. The process shows that by means of analysis of profile, level of

awareness of hypertensive patients on proper lifestyle utilizing descriptive

research design through questionnaire, we will be able to know the output which

is the assessment of the level of awareness of hypertensive patients on proper

lifestyle.


  



The study aims to determine the level of awareness of hypertensive

patients on proper healthy lifestyle in Barangay Turac, San Carlos City

Pangasinan.

Specifically this study seeks to answer the following questions.

1. What is the socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of

the following:

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Occupation

d. Educational Attainment

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 2. What is the level of awareness of hypertensive patients on proper

lifestyle in Barangay Turac , San Carlos City, Pangasinan based on the

following dimensions:

a. Exercise

b. Diet

c. Habits

d. Management

3. Is there any significant relationship between the socio-demographic

profile of the respondents and their level of awareness on proper

healthy lifestyle?

 

There is no significant relationship between the socio-demographic profile

of the respondents and their level of awareness on proper healthy lifestyle.

Ê


  

 This study will assess the level of awareness of hypertensive patients on

proper healthy lifestyle among patients in Barangay Turac, San Carlos City,

Pangasinan. A total of 29 respondents will be included in the study. These are

the hypertensive patients who¶s names are listed in the official record of RHU IV,

Turac, San Carlos City, Pangasinan.Those Hypertensive Patients who are not in

the official record of RHU IV will not be considered as respondents of the study.

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 A questionnaire will be used to gather the needed data. The number of the

respondents will be the whole population of the hypertensive patients in

Barangay Turac San Carlos City Pangasinan, moreover, purposive sampling will

be used to determine the respondents of the study.

 Ê
Ê  

The study will be conducted to determine the level of awareness of

hypertensive patients on proper lifestyle in Barangay Turac, San Carlos City,

Pangasinan.

The findings on this study would be of help to the following:

 !": The result of this study will help nurses and student nurses

to provide information about proper lifestyle to the community. It will be of help

focus on discussion specifically on the prevention and control of possible

complication that may be caused by hypertension.

!!#The result of this study will help the student nurses to know

the level of awareness of hypertensive patients on proper lifestyle and the

students will have an idea of what particular nursing education and intervention

should emphasize to hypertensive patients.

 $!% Ê  "&# This study will provide an insight on the level of

awareness of hypertensive patients and will make necessary recommendations

that may contribute to the wellness.

^
'( ") !% Ê"''!*# This study will help the members of the

community to assess and enhance their lifestyle. It will help them in prevention

and management of hypertension.

!  %# This will be of help to future researchers who will be

conducting related studies. The research output can be used as baseline

information for next researchers who may have the same interest on the subject.

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In order to have clear understanding of the terms used in this study, the

following are conceptually and operationally defined.




Ê refers to the place where the researchers will conduct the

study.

 the food and drink normally consumed. Pertains food and drink with regard

to their nutritional qualities, composition and effects on health as prescribed,

regulated or restricted as to kind and amount for therapeutic and other purposes.

+Ê refers to the activity designed to improved strength or endurance

and practiced to develop skill. Any performance of physical activity needed for

the conditioning of the body, health improvement, maintaining fitness or as

means of therapy for restoring proper organ functioning.

refers to customary behavior patterns. This also refers to the vices of the

subjects like smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol.

, 
 refers to an individual who are affected of

hypertension or individuals whose blood pressure equal to or higher than 140/90

and are in the official record of the Rural Health Unit.

,
 

 is the degree of knowledge the respondent had about

the proper lifestyle of hypertension. It pertains to the extent of knowledge the

subjects has or what are the facts they know on healthy lifestyle.

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 it is the accepted daily health routine of an individual to

prevent and lessen the risk of an illness or of a disease. It pertains to the way of

what an individual must do in order to have a healthy living and maintain well-

being.

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