ISSN 2716-0963 e-ISSN 2716-1218 Quimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan Volume 2, Nomor 1, April 2020 ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA KAROTEN PADA CPO (CRUDE PALM OIL) DI PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT (PPKS) MEDAN MENGGUNAKAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS Irwan Saputra Harahap, Puji Wahyuningsin, Yulida Amri ‘Program Studi Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Samudra Jl. Meurandeh, Langsa Aceh 24416, Indonesia * Corresponding author: ihwanhiarahap017 @ gmail.com ABSTRAK Beta Karoten merupakan provitamin A yang dapat diubah didalam tubuh menjadi vitamin A setelah mengalami proses metabolisme. Beta karoten merupakan salah satu parameter yang menentukan kualitas CPO dalam perdagangan internasional. Peneltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan beta karoten pada sampel CPO (Crude Palm Oil) menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis beta karoten adalah metode standar MPOB (Malaysian Palm Oil Board). Hasil analisis menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis menunjukkan bahwa kandungan beta karoten dari masing-masing sampel berturut-turut adalah sebagai berikut: Sampel A(330,00 ppm), Sampel B (346,26 ppm), Sampel C(358,70 ppm), Sampel D(549,05 ppm), dan Sampel E (533,75 ppm). Berdasarkan hasil analisis UV Vis tethadap sampel dapat disimpulkan bahwa sampel D memiliki kandungan beta karoten yang paling tinggi ibandingkan dengan sampei CPO lainnya. Kata Kunci: CPO (crude palm oil), beta karoten, spektofotometri UV-VIS, MPOB (malaysian palm oil board) sawit, dan minyak inti sawit (CPOK), yaitu minyak yang berasal dari inti kelapa sawit (Tambunan, 2006). Crude Palm Oil (CPO) merupakan salah satu produk pertanian andalan Indonesia baik sebagai bahan baku minyak goreng maupun komoditas ekspor (Bariyah, 2017). Selama proses pengolahan CPO, perusahaan masih seting sekali mengalami kendala terutama dalam hal kandungan asam lemak bebas dan beta karoten (Wawan dkk, 2017). Secara alamiah CPO memiliki kandungan senyawa karotenoid Pesisir Afrika Barat, kemudian tersebar hingga Rang cui wenehi cll pada proses ke Asia Tenggara dan Amerika Latin sepanjang pemumian dan pengolahan menjadi minyak garis equator (antara garis lintang utara 15° dan goreng, senyawa karotenoid ini mengalami lintang selatan 12°), Kelapa sawit tumbuh baik kerusakan dan bahkan hilang. Karotenoid pada iklim tropis, dengan suhu antara 24°C - merupakan suatu kelompok pigmen berwarna 32°C dengan kelembapan yang tinggi dan curah orange, merah, atau kuning yang merupakan hujan 200 mm per tahun, Kelapa sawit suatu zat alamiah yang sangat penting dan PENDAHULUAN Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki areal perkebunan sawit yang sangat luas, dengan peningkatan produksi tanaman sawit selama sepuluh tahun terakhir mencapai 11,09%. Sedangkan luas areal perkebunan sawit selama sepulun tahun terakhir meningkat dari 5,28 juta ha pada Tahun 2004 menjadi 10,95 juta ha pada Tahun 2014 (Sulhan dkk, 2018). ‘Tanaman kelapa sawit berasal dari Guinea di mengandung kurang lebih 80% perikarp dan 20% buah yang dilapisi kulit yang tipis kandungan minyak dalam perikap_ sekitar 30% - 40%. Kelapa sawit menghasilkan dua macam minyak yang sangat berlainan sifatnya yaitu minyak sawit (CPO) merupakan. minyak yang berasal dari sabut daging buah kelapa ‘mempunyai sifat larut dalam lemak atau pelarut orgarik tetapi tidak larut dalam air. Senyawa ini diterukan tersebar luas dalam tanaman serta buah-buahan, tetapi tidak dapat diproduksi oleh tubuh manusia (Fitra dkk, 2015) Beta karoten termasuk dalam salah satu produk dari karotenoid. Beta karoten merupakanQuimica: Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Terapan Volume 2, Nomor 1, April 2020 ISSN 2716-0963 e-ISSN 2716-1218 Konsentrasi beta karoten sampel E WV PEMBAHASAN So Neee ren omen nek minyak goreng, margarin, shortening, pengganti menghasilkan asam lemak, fatty alcohol, gliserol, dan metil ester serta surfaktan (Henni, 2008). CPO adalah beta karoten. Beta karoten termasuk dalam salah satu produk dari karotenoid, Beta Karoten merupakan provitamin metabolisme (Stutz dkk, 2015). Vitamin A sendiri dalam penangkapan radikal bebas (Rahayu dkk, 2012). Adapun struktur dari betakaroten Gambar 3.1 Struktur Beta karoten Untuk =menganalisa beta karoten dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spektrofotometri sinar tampak 200-700 nm (Sumar, 1994). Pada umumnya beta karoten menyerap sinar pada daerah UV tetapi lebih kuat pada daerah Vissibel antara 400 dan 500 nm dengan puncak 470 nm. (WMutia, 2009). Namun, pengukuran beta karoten pada sampel CPO di PPKS Medan dilakukan pada panjang gelombang 446 nm dikarenakan, pada panjang gelombang tersebut merupakan Dalam analisa kandungan beta karoten ini, digunakan standar pengujian MPOB (Malaysian palm oil board) yang termasuk dalam suatu metode baku pengujian beta karoten di Pusat Penelitian Kelapa awit (PPKS) Medan. Pengujian ini di lakukan dengan menggunakan dapat dillhat pada Tabel 3.1 diatas. Berdasarkan nilai absorbansi yang dihasiikan maka dapat dihitung kadar beta karoten pada sampel CPO. konsentrasi beta karoten pada sampel CPO berturut- turut adalah sebagai berikut ; sampel A. (330 ppm); B (346,26 ppm): C (358,7 ppm); D (649,05 ppm); E (533,73 ppm). Berdasarkan nilai tersebut diketahui bahwa sampel D_memilki konsentrasi beta karoten yang paling tinggi yaituHinds Journal of pectoscopy Volume 2020, Artie 1D 9317380, 9 pages InepdoLorg/10.1135/2020317350 @ Hindawi Research Article Evaluation of the Capability of Horizontal ATR-FTMIR and UV-Visible Spectroscopy in the Discrimination of Virgin Olive Oils from the Moroccan Region of Beni Mellal-Khenifra Aimen El Orche @,' Mustapha Bouatia,’ Siham Yanisse,” Houda Labjar,’ Mouad Mouhsin,' Mohamed Bouha,' Mustapha Oubenali,' and Mohamed Mbarki' * Laboratory of Chemical Processes and Applied Materials Faculyof Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay liane Univesity, Beni-Mella, Morocco Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco *Mohammedia Faculty of Science and Technology, Hassan I! University, Casablanca, Morocco Correspondence should be addressed to Aimen Fl Orche; aimen.elorche@gmailcom Received 18 January 2020; Revised 14 May 2020; Accepted 5 June 2020; Published 20 June 2020 “Academic Editor: Wee Chew Copyright © 2020 Aimen El Orche etal, Ths is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is 1. Introduction ‘The virgin olive oil is becoming a veritable obsession in the world thanks to its taste qualities and its medicinal and ‘nutritional vietues. Its consumption is increasing every year and has become an essential element in the diet of Medi terranean countries [1,2]. There are four quality categories of olive oil, extra virgin, virgin, common virgin, and lampante olive oil [3], which are determined by physico- chemical and sensory analyses as described in the guide of the International Olive Counc Generally, the quality of olive oil depends on several factors such as variety, edaphic factors, and climatic factors, (4, 5]. These last factors play an important role in the chemical composition of olive oils in terms of fatty acids, vitamin E, sterols, and polyphenols. For this reason, the determination of the geographical origin has now become an important parameter for judging the quality of olive oils, since it is one of the factors causing significant differences in ‘organoleptic properties and chemical composition [4]. So, ‘more and more consumers nowadays are interested in the ‘origin of the food that they consume, in particular, olive oils.Optical and Quantum Electronics (2019) 51:299 btps//dol.org/10.1007/s11082-019-2015-5 ® crag fe pasts Morphology, UV-visible and ellipsometric studies of sodium lithium orthovanadate Marwa Enneffati’ - Mohammed Rasheed”® - Bassem Louati’ - Kamel Guidara' - Régis Barillé® Received: 15 January 2019 / Accepted: 22 August 2019 (© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract Sodium lithium orthovanadates were prepared by the classic ceramic method technique. Structure, phase purity, composition, and morphology were characterized by X-ray pow- der diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning-electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The optical properties of Na,Li,_,CdVO, & 1) compounds prepared were recorded at room temperature using. ultra-visible and ellipsometric spectroscopies in the spectral range (200-800) nm. The average reflec- tance of the pellets showed high reflectivity (over 80%) in the visible spectrum, The UV-Vis absorption bands are assigned to the charge transfer from the oxygen ligands to the central vanadium atom inside the [VO,]*~ groups in the orthovanadate compounds. The optical band gaps E, of both samples are evaluated using Kubelka-Munk function. The analysis of the data revealed the existence of optical allowed direct transition for Na,Liy_,CdVO, (x=0.5, 1). Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements have been per- formed on Na,Li,_,CdVO, (x=0.5, 1) specimens and their optical properties were ana- lyzed using the Cauchy model. Keywords Na,Li,_,CdVO, (x=0.5, 1) - X-ray analysis - EDS - SEM - AFM - UV- Ellipsometer ible 1 Introduction In recent years, the search for new luminescent materials and the investigation of their properties is acquiring an ever increasing significance, Phosphates, vanadates, borates, and aluminates, etc. based host matrices are well known for a strong and broad excita- tion band in the UV region and has been widely used to activate different rare earth ions 22 Marwa Enneffati marwa.enneffati@ gmail.com Laboratory of Spectroscopic Characterization and Optic Materials, Faculty of Sciences, University Of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia “Material Science, Applied Sciences Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq MOLTECH- Anjou, Photonies Laboratory, Angers University, 2 Bd. Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France Published online: 28 August 2019 D SpringerMorphology, UV-visible and ellipsometric studies of sodium... Page 17 0f19 299 Table2 Cauchy parameters for Na,Li,_,CAVO, (x=0.5, 1) compounds a % A(um’) B(um') NaCaVvo, 164 0.0073 0.0003 NayshipsCAVO, 155 0.0139 0.0002 k ky Cum’) Dum’) NaCéVo, 0.09 0.0082 0.0009 Nay hip CAVO, 0.10 0.0016 0.0021 4 Conclusions Na,Li,_,CdVO, (x=055, 1) compounds were successfully prepared by solid state reaction root. X-ray analysis revealed that these samples crystallized with NaxCrO, structure with Cmem space group. The EDS spectra of both specimens confirm the presence of Na, Cd, V, and O elements. SEM images showed the appearance of particles with same shape and unequal size. Tauc’s model was used to determine the energy of optical gap of the prepared com- pounds. The analysis of the absorbance data revealed the existence of a direct transition for the two samples. The band gap values were E, =4.9 eV and E, =3.5 eV for NaCdVO, and Nag sL ip sCdVO, respectively. It is obvious that partial substitution of sodium with 50% lithium causes a decrease in the optical gap. We classified these studied compounds as semi conductors with large gap. It is also appropriate that mixed compound is the most suitable for photovoltaic applications. The ellipsometry study allowed us to determine the refractive index of these compounds as well as their extinction coefficients. The evolution, of the refractive index (n) and the extinction coefficient (k) as a function of wavelength for each composition obeys the absorbing Cauchy law. We founded that Na,Li,_,CdVO, (x=0.5, 1) compounds can be used as UV sensors. References Biswas, P., Kumar, V., Agarwal, G., Ntwacaborwa, O.M., Swart, H.C.: NaSrVO,: Sm**—an n-UV convertible phosphor to fil dhe quantum eficieney gap for LED applications. Ceram. Int 42, 2317-2323 (2016) Enneffati, M, Louat,B., Guidara, K. 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