FACULTY OF SCIENCE

FAKULTEIT NATUURWETENSKAPPE

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

MODULE CEM 1A10

INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL CHEMISTRY

CAMPUS APK

CLASS TEST 2

DATE 19-23 April 2010

ASSESSOR(S) DR A MULLER
MS Y BURGER

INTERNAL MODERATOR DR. L DEN DRIJVER

DURATION 1.5 HOURS MARKS 90

_____________________________________________________________________________

NUMBER OF PAGES: 11 PAGES

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. ANSWER ALL SECTION A QUESTIONS ON EDULINK.

2. ANSWER ALL SECTION B QUESTIONS ON THE EXAMINATION BOOK IN THE

ORDER IN WHICH THEY APPEAR IN THE PAPER.

3. IN ALL CALCULATIONS EXPRESS ANSWERS TO THE CORRECT NUMBER OF

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES.

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SECTION A

1. In the Born–Haber cycle for KCl(s), which of the following processes corresponds to the enthalpy
of formation of KCl(s)?
a) K(g) + Cl2(g) → KCl(g)
b) K(s) + ½Cl2(g) → KCl(s)
c) KCl(aq) → KCl(s)
d) KCl(g) → KCl(s)
e) K+(aq) + Cl–(aq) → KCl(s)

2. Which of the following compounds would be expected to have the highest melting point?
a) LiCl
b) CCl4
c) MgCl2
d) NCl3
e) OCl2

3. Which of the following is the Lewis dot structure for the bromide ion?

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

4. All of the following species have ground-state noble-gas electron configurations except
a) K+.
b) P3–.
c) Ge4+.
d) I–.
e) Kr.

2
5. What is the electron configuration for Cr2+?
a) [Ar]4s1 3d5
b) [Ar]4s2 3d2
c) [Ar]3d3
d) [Ar]4s2 3d7
e) [Ar]3d4

6. The Lewis structure for each of the following except ____contains at least one double bond.
a) CS2
b) NO+
c) C2H4
d) N2H2
e) O2

7. In which of the following species is resonance most likely to take place?

a)

b)

c)
d)

e)

3
8. For the resonance hybrid of the nitrite ion,

what is the average number of bonds between the nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom?
a) 1
b) 4/3
c) 3/2
d) 5/3
e) 2

9. Which of the following statements is true concerning the Lewis formula that minimizes formal
charge for the sulfite ion, SO32–?
a) The formal charge of S is +6 and the formal charge of O is –2.
b) The formal charge of SNis +4 and the formal charge of O is N –2.
c) The formal charge O of S is +2 and
O the formal charge of
O O is –2.
O
d) The formal charge of S is 0 and the formal charge of O is either 0 or –1.
e) The formal charge of S is +1 and the formal charge of O is either 0 or –2.

10. Which of the following diatomic species do you expect to have the longest bond length?
a) C22–
b) O2
c) O22–
d) N2
e) CO

11. Which molecule or ion is nonlinear?

a) NO2+
b) CS2
c) SCN–
d) NNO
e) SO2

12. The approximate H—C—H bond angle in CH3+ is

a) 60°.
b) 90°.
c) 109°.
d) 120°.
e) 180°.

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13. What is the molecular geometry of the bromate ion, BrO 3–?
a) square pyramidal
b) tetrahedral
c) trigonal planar
d) trigonal pyramidal
e) square planar

14. In ClF3, the electron pairs are arranged about the chlorine atom in
a) an octahedron.
b) a square plane.
c) a trigonal pyramid.
d) a tetrahedron.
e) a trigonal bipyramid.

15. Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment?

a) F2CCF2
b) FOOF
c) HCCH
d) SF6
e) PF5

16. What is the hybridization of Br in BrF3?

a) sp
b) sp2
c) sp3
d) dsp3
e) d2sp3

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17. Which of the following molecules contains an sp3-hybridized carbon atom?

a)

b)

c)

H H

d) C C
e)
H H
H
18. What is the bond order of He2+?
a) 0
H H C C H C H
b) ½
c) 1
d) 1½
e) 2 C CH C

H H
2 2 1 1
19. The configuration (σ2s) (σ2s*) (π2py) (π2px) is the molecular orbital description for the ground state
of
a) Li2+.
H
b) Be2.
c) B 2.
d) B22–. C O
e) C2.
H C CH H
20. Which molecule or ion has the shortest bond length?
a) F2–
b) N2
c) O2
d) O22–
e) F2

6
21. What is the expression for Kc for the following equilibrium?
CaSO3(s) ↔ CaO(s) + SO2(g)

CaO SO2
a)
CaSO3
b) [CaO][SO2]
c) [SO2]
1
d)
SO 2
Ca SO3
e)
CaO SO2

22. For which of the following equilibria does Kc = Kp?

a) CO(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ CH4(g) + H2O(g)
b) HBr(g) ↔ ½H2(g) + ½Br2(l)
c) N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g)
d) CaO(s) + CO2(g) ↔ CaCO3(s)
e) CO(g) + H2O(g) ↔ CO2(g) + H2(g)

23. Carbon tetrachloride may react with oxygen to produce chlorine and carbonyl chloride.
2CCl4(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2COCl2(g) + 2Cl2(g); Kc = 9.9 × 1051
What is Kc for the following equilibrium?
COCl2(g) + Cl2(g) ↔ CCl4(g) + ½O2(g)
a) –9.9 × 1051
b) 1.0 × 10-26
c) 9.9 × 10-51
d) 1.0 × 10-52
e) 5.0 × 10-53

24. Which of the following is true for a system whose equilibrium constant is relatively small?
a) It will take a short time to reach equilibrium.
b) It will take a long time to reach equilibrium.
c) The equilibrium lies to the left.
d) The equilibrium lies to the right.
e) Two of these are true.

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25. Consider the following reaction:
2HF(g ) ↔ H 2 (g ) + F2 (g ) (K = 1.00 10-2)

Given that 1.00 mol of HF(g), 0.360 mol of H2(g), and 0.750 mol of F2(g) are mixed in a 5.00-L
flask, determine the reaction quotient, Q.
a) Q = 0.0540
b) Q = 0.270
c) Q = 0.0675
d) Q = 2.11
e) none of these

26. Consider the following equilibrium:

4NH3(g) + 3O2(g) ↔ 2N2(g) + 6H2O(g)
Suppose 0.30 mol of NH3 and 0.40 mol of oxygen are added to a 5.0-L container. If x mol of water
is present at equilibrium, how many moles of ammonia will remain at equilibrium?
a) 0.30 – x
b) 0.40 – 32 x
c) 4
6
x
d) 0.30 – 3
2
x
f) 0.30 – 2
3
x

27. Drying agents called desiccants can be based on the cobalt complexes shown as
Co(H2O)62+(aq) + 4 Cl–(aq) ↔ CoCl 42–(aq) + 6H 2O(l)
pink clear blue
If this desiccant is moist, then its color will be
a) clear
b) pink
c) blue
d) pinkish blue
e) black

28. For which of the following systems at equilibrium and at constant temperature will decreasing the
volume cause the equilibrium to shift to the right?
a) N2(g) + 3H2(g) ↔ 2NH3(g)
b) 2H2O(g) ↔ 2H2(g) + O2(g)
c) 2NO2(g) ↔ 2NO(g) + O2(g)
d) NH4Cl(s) ↔ NH3(g) + HCl(g)
e) H2(g) + Cl2(g) ↔ 2HCl(g)

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29. Consider the following equilibrium:
NH4Cl(s) ↔ NH3(g) + HCl(g)
Suppose a vessel containing NH4Cl(s), NH3(g) and HCl(g) is at equilibrium. If the volume of the
vessel is instantaneously doubled while keeping the temperature constant, when a new equilibrium
is reached, which of the following statements is incorrect?
a) The amount of NH3 and HCl doubles.
b) The partial pressures of NH3 and HCl in the vessel remain unchanged.
c) The number of moles of NH4Cl decreases.
d) The total pressure is halved.
e) The value of Kp remains unchanged.

30. The following equilibrium is exothermic. How could the yield of diiodine pentoxide be
increased?
I2(g) + 5CO2(g) ↔ 5CO(g) + I2O5(g)
a) by increasing the pressure
b) by decreasing the pressure
c) by increasing the temperature
d) by decreasing the temperature
e) by decreasing the volume of the reaction vessel

9
 SECTION B

2.1) Write the Lewis dot formula for phosphoric acid H3PO4, where a) the octet rule holds for the all
atoms, and b) where the central atom has an expanded shell of 10e-.

[8]

2.2) Obtain the formal charges for all the atoms in Question 2.1), and from this predict (with a valid reason)
which structure is more likely.

[10]

2.3) What is the equilibrium composition of a reaction mixture if you start with 0.500 mol each of H 2 and I2
in a 1.0 L vessel?. The reaction is:

H2(g) + I2(g) ↔ 2HI(g) Kc = 49.7 at 458 °C

[12]

TOTAL 90
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