TB 9-1000-262-DT

TECHNICAL BULLETIN TB 9-1000-262-DT
Operation Desert Thunder *Supersedes copies dated 1 August 1998.

See page i for details
Materiel Readiness:
AMMUNITION
GENERAL
and ARMAMENT INFORMATION
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C: Distribution authorized 1-1
to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors.
This publication is required for administration and
operational purposes as determined on 21 November AMMUNITION
1990. Other requests for this document will be referred 2-1
to: ATTN: AMSTA-LC-CIP-W, TACOM-Rock Island,
1 Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, IL 61299-7630.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that ARMAMENT
will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of
the document. 3-1
HQ, Department of the Army

20 May 2003
TB 9-1000-262-DT
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Dates of issue for original and changed pages are:
Original.................................. 0 ............................................. 20 May 2003
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 184, CONSISTING

OF THE FOLLOWING:
Page *Change Page *Change

No. No. No. No.
Front Cover 0 2-1 – 2-33 0
A 0 2-34 Blank 0
B Blank 0 3-1 – 3-82 0
i – iii 0 A-1 – A-7 0
iv Blank 0 A-8 Blank 0
1-1 – 1-3 0 B-1 – B-44 0
1-4 Blank 0 Back Cover 0
A/(B blank)
*TB 9-1000-262-DT
Technical Bulletin HEADQUARTERS
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
No. 9-1000-262-DT Washington, DC, 20 May 2003
OPERATION DESERT THUNDER

MATERIEL READINESS: AMMUNITION,
AND ARMAMENT
REPORTING OF ERRORS
You can help improve this publication. If you find any mistakes or if you know of a way to
improve the procedures, please let us know. Submit your DA Form 2028 (Recommended
Changes to Publications and Blank Forms), through the Internet, on the Army Electronic
Product Support (AEPS) website. The Internet address is http://aeps.ria.army.mil. If you
need a password, scroll down and click on "ACCESS REQUEST FORM". The DA Form 2028
is located in the ONLINE FORMS PROCESSING section of the AEPS. Fill out the form and
click on SUBMIT. Using this form on the AEPS will enable us to respond quicker to your
comments and better manage the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, fax or E-mail
your letter or DA Form 2028 direct to: AMSTA-LC-CI Tech Pubs, TACOM-RI, 1 Rock Island
Arsenal, Rock Island, IL 61299-7630. The e-mail address is TACOM-TECH-
PUBS@ria.army.mil. The fax number is DSN 793-0726 or Commercial (309) 782-0726.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT C: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and
their contractors. This publication is required for administrative and operational purposes as
determined on 21 November 1990. Other requests for this document will be referred to AMSTA-
LC-CI Tech Pubs, TACOM-RI, 1 Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, IL 61299-7630.
DESTRUCTION NOTICE: Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or
reconstruction of the document.
* This publication supersedes TB 9-1000-262-DT dated 1 August 1998.
i
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Chapter 1. General Information ................................................................... 1-1
Section I. Application.................................................................................... 1-1
Section II. General Information...................................................................... 1-1
Chapter 2. Ammunition ................................................................................ 2-1
Section I. Small Arms Ammunition ............................................................... 2-2
Section II. Tank Ammunition ......................................................................... 2-7
Section III. Artillery Ammunition ..................................................................... 2-9
Section IV. Mortar Ammunition ..................................................................... 2-12
Section V. Fuzes ......................................................................................... 2-14
Section VI. Land Mines................................................................................. 2-15
Section VII. Missiles ...................................................................................... 2-15
Section VIII. Materiel Movement, Handling, and Storage ............................... 2-17
Section IX. Construction of Ammunition Storage.......................................... 2-30
Chapter 3. Armament ................................................................................... 3-1
Section I. General Maintenance and Support Equipment ............................ 3-1
Section II. Small Caliber (5.56 MM to 40 MM)............................................... 3-9
Section III. Mortars ....................................................................................... 3-31
Section IV. Recoilless Rifles ......................................................................... 3-32
Section V. Fire Control ................................................................................ 3-33
Section VI. Artillery ....................................................................................... 3-36
Section VII. Light Combat Vehicles ............................................................... 3-52
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Section VIII. Tanks ......................................................................................... 3-67
Section IX. Air Defense ................................................................................ 3-80
Section X. Aircraft Armament ...................................................................... 3-81
Appendix A. References................................................................................. A-1
Appendix B. Ammunition Projectile/Fuze/Prop
Charge Cross Reference ........................................................ B-1
Ammunition Do’s/Don’ts
for ODT Conditions ................................................... Back Cover
iii/(iv blank)
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CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Section I. APPLICATION
1-1. Purpose. This handbook is for use by U.S. military personnel serving in severe,
hot desert environment. Its purpose is to identify ammunition and armament
limitations in the severe environment and to provide ways to compensate for those
limitations to improve safety, reliability, and long-term effectiveness. Chemical
Defense Equipment information, formerly in this TB, is now found in TB 3-6850-001-
10-HW. The following recommendations are protective measures to minimize the
damaging effects of handling, high temperature, high humidity, sand and dust, and
storage.
Section Il. GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING
Avoid expended Depleted Uranium (DU) rounds and any vehicles or
tanks hit by DU rounds. DU is primarily an internal health concern if it
is breathed in. It is not an immediate health concern if it remains
outside the body. It is important to protect yourself in a DU
environment and avoid inhalation, ingestion or injection of DU
particulates or oxides. You can limit or even eliminate the potential of
taking DU into your body by rolling down sleeves, blousing your boots
and using respiratory protection when in any immediate area where
armor impact involving DU or fires involving DU munitions may have
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occurred. Remain upwind of the area as much as possible and use
appropriate respiratory protection where possible to filter out any DU
dust. If it is necessary to approach the area, limit your time in the
immediate area, dust off clothing upon leaving before removing your
respiratory protection, and take care to wash all exposed areas of skin
as soon as possible. Dispose of contaminated clothing in accordance
with AR 11-9.
For any vehicles or tanks that have been hit in combat by DU
munitions or burned while DU rounds were uploaded, or damaged in
accidents refer to TB 9-1300-278, “Guidelines for Safe Response to
Handling, Storage, and Transportation Accidents involving Army Tank
Munitions or Armor that Contains Depleted Uranium.” To recover any
vehicles that have been hit in combat or burned with DU rounds
uploaded, contact your chain of command in accordance with AR 700-
48.
1-2. High Temperature and Solar Radiation. Weather conditions in the SWA
(South West Asia) geographic area are among the most severe in the world, with a
combination of extremely high temperatures and high levels of solar radiation,
References to air temperatures are ambient (shaded air) temperatures only. Solar
radiation will make the temperature significantly higher on the inside of your
equipment. Remember--interior air temperatures of materiel can never be lower than
ambient air temperatures; they will always be higher.
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WARNING
Because these conditions increase risk of heat stress, which impair
performance and lead to injury, drink lots of water and work and rest in
the shade when possible. Follow instructions in FM 21-11.
Prolonged exposure to bright sunlight produces very hot surfaces
which will burn flesh on contact. Wear gloves and additional clothing
as required.
1-3. Emergency Data.
a. For emergency guidance on operation and maintenance of armament, contact
the appropriate LAR which you can identify at http://aeps.ria.army.mil/lap/laomap.cfm.
This brings you to The AMC Logistics Assistance Office Locator, which provides an e-
mail address to send your comments or questions.
b. For emergency guidance on handling, shipping, or storing of ammunition,
contact the Quality Assurance Specialist (Ammunition Surveillance) (QASAS) in
charge.
Comm: 918-420-8925
DSN: 956-8925
E-mail: sosac-ao@dac.army.mil
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CHAPTER 2. AMMUNITION
WARNING
The temperature of ammunition stored uncovered may exceed the
normal temperature storage limit of 160 °F. This ammunition is safe to
fire once it has cooled to within recommended firing temperature
limits; however, there will be a higher dud rate and lower reliability.
This can lead to injuries to personnel.
Ammunition stored in a protected (covered and properly ventilated)
area should not exceed 125 °F. This should assure the ammunition’s
inherent high reliability. This will help prevent injuries to personnel.
Ammunition which fails to fire will be disposed of by authorized
procedures.
NOTE
See appendix B for cross referenced lists of cartridges, fuzes, and propelling
charges.
To avoid excess temperature buildup, cover ammunition with tarps. If tarps
are not available, substitute one layer of empty wooden or metal containers,
pallet bases, sandbags, etc. Use available materials to block direct sun rays
and help reduce ammunition storage temperature. (See section VIII for more
complete storage guidance.)
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Section I. SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION
2-1. General. Sand and dust cause persistent problems with small caliber systems
(5.56mm to 40mm). It is Important that weapons are maintained (cleaned and
lubricated) much more frequently than under normal conditions. “Bright Star” exercise
experience shows that cleaning and lubrication were required twice as often as
routine weapon maintenance. To avoid attracting grit and sand, wipe off all excess
lubricants with a clean, dry cloth.
a. Keep small arms ammunition in closed metal containers and out of the direct
rays of the sun as much as practical. If powder is hot, excessive pressure may be
developed when the weapon is fired.
b. Protect ammunition from mud, sand, and water. If the ammunition gets wet or
dirty, wipe it off at once with a clean, dry rag (NSN 7920-00-205-1711). Wipe off light
corrosion as soon as it is discovered. Turn in heavily corroded cartridges.
c. Clean ammunition, ammunition cans, and magazines with a clean, dry rag.
d. Ammunition cans which have been opened and weapon magazines exposed
to dirt, dust, and sand should be unloaded and wiped off daily.
e. Do not lubricate ammunition, ammunition cans, or magazines. Dust and other
abrasives that collect on greasy ammunition may cause damage to the operating
parts of the machine gun. Moreover, oiled cartridges produce excessive chamber
pressure.
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f. Save all inner and outer small arms ammunition packing material for
repackaging turned-in ammunition.
g. Check small arms ammunition, ammunition cans, or magazines frequently and
clean as necessary with a soft, dry cloth, Do not lubricate ammunition.
h. Wear protective leather or cotton gloves when handling olive drab painted
small arms ammunition metal containers.
i. Do not fire dented cartridges, cartridges with loose bullets, or otherwise
defective rounds.
2-2. M16 Series Rifle/M4 Series Carbine.
WARNING
For proper functioning of your M16 series rifle/M4 series carbine
magazine in a hot dry climate, keep the magazine and ammunition
clean and free from lubricant. Sand and dust will adhere to the
lubricant and possibly cause feeder problems. This could cause injury
or death to personnel.
a. The new M16A2 rifle uses M855/M856 (DODIC A059/A063) ammunition. The
M16A1 uses M193/M196 (DODIC A071/A068) ammunition.
(1) Even though M16A1 (M193/M196) ammunition fits the M16A2 rifle,
effective range is reduced approximately 16 percent.
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(2) Do not use M16A2 (M855/M856) ammunition in the M16A1 rifle. M16A2
ammunition is extremely inaccurate when fired in the M16A1. The projectile will start
to tumble within a very short distance.
b. For quick confirmation that you have the correct ammunition for your weapon,
check the color code of the bullet against this chart.
TYPE OF BULLET TIP

WEAPON AMMUNITION COLOR CODE
M16A1 M193 Ball None
M16A1 M196 Tracer Red
M16A2 M855 Ball Green
M16A2 M856 Tracer Red
2-3. 7.62MM Ammunition.

a. Protect ammunition from mud, sand, and water. If the ammunition gets wet or
dirty, wipe it off at once with a clean, dry rag (NSN 7920-00-205-1711). Wipe off light
corrosion as soon as it is discovered. Turn in heavily corroded cartridges.
b. Do not expose ammunition to direct rays of the sun. If the powder is hot,
excessive pressure may be developed when the weapon is fired.
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c. Do not oil or grease ammunition. Dust and other abrasives that collect on
greasy ammunition may cause damage to the operating parts of the machine gun.
Moreover, oiled cartridges produce excessive chamber pressure.
d. Do not fire dented cartridges, cartridges with loose bullets, or otherwise
defective rounds.
2-4. M249, 5.56 Machine Gun (SAW). A potential safety problem exists when sand
or light grit gets between the top cover and indicator flag. Remove cartridge indicator
flag from the weapon prior to using in a sandy/dusty environment.
2-5. Cal .50 Machine Guns. Use correct ammunition links with cal .50 machine
guns. The M2/M3 machine gun requires M2/M9 inks. The M85 machine gun requires
M15A2 links.
2-6. 30MM Aluminum-Cased M788 TP and M789 HEDP. Assure ammunition in
storage or during operation is exposed to direct sunlight as little as possible. Assure
strict adherence to lubrication/maintenance schedule of the ammo feed system.
Excess lubrication can cause problems of gun jamming, case failure, and burn
through. Inspect and replace bolts and breeches that exhibit cracking at the base lug.
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IN C O R R E C T A L IG N M E N T
C O R R E C T A L IG N M E N T
2-7. MK19, 40MM Grenade Machine Gun (GMG).

a. The only HE rounds to be fired from the MK19 are those with DODIC B542 or
the unrestricted B571.
b. Misaligned ammo links are caused during ammo separation when twisting the
ammo belt in preparation for loading the MK19. After ammo belt has been separated,
ensure ammo links are aligned evenly and touching the copper band on both sides of
ammo when loading.
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Section II. TANK AMMUNITION
DEPLETED URANIUM (DU)
WARNING
The 25mm, M919, the 105mm,

M900, and the 120mm, M829, series
ammunition rounds use a depleted
uranium (DU) penetrator. DU emits
low levels of radiation. Wear gloves
when handling these rounds.
Wash hands before eating or touching your
face. If DU corrosion (yellow or white powder
or stain) is visible on the surface of the
round, dispose of gloves in accordance with
AR 11-9.
2-8. General. Give the same protection for tank ammunition in storage as for
propelling charges identified in section III and for ammunition general storage
identified in section VIII.
a. Park uploaded tanks in shaded areas when possible.
b. Do not fire any cartridge having loose projectiles. Turn these rounds into the
Ammunition Supply Point (ASP).
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WARNING
Protect electrically initiated cartridge from static electricity. The
combination of low humidity and blowing sand greatly increases the
potential for static electricity generation and discharge. Use grounding
cables when available on vehicles. This is done to prevent damage to
equipment and injury to personnel.
105MM APFSDS-T-M900. Do not fire from any tank other than
M1A1/M1A2 tanks with forged breech only. A safety hazard can result
otherwise which can cause injury to personnel and damage to
equipment. Breech serial number must be greater than 4803. Disregard
initial delivery container marking “not for use in breechblock below
serial number 6000.”
2-9. M1A1/M1A2 Abrams Tanks.
a. Do not fire any 120mm ammunition cartridge with significant damage
(including water damage) to the combustible case, case base, or projectile. Firing
unserviceable rounds may present a safety hazard. You should obtain the specific
inspection criteria in TM 9-2350-264-10-2, TM 9-2350-288-10-2 or from your local
QASAS or TACOM-RI LAR (see para 1-3).
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b. Update ammunition temperature often, especially in the morning and after
sunset, to avoid adverse effects on the tank’s computer ballistic solutions.
c. Do not leave weapons or main gun tube wet with CLP after cleaning. Sand and
grit buildup increases the probability of misfires.
d. After cleaning and/or maintenance on the gun tube, reinstall muzzle plug.
Section III. ARTILLERY AMMUNITION
2-10. 155MM Howitzer Propelling Charges.
a. Even though storage is “allowed” for up to 160° F for up to 4 hours per day, it
is not desirable to allow this type of exposure to continue for extended periods. If
such continuous exposure does take place, a significant increase in the rate of
degradation will occur, eventually affecting performance and safety.
b. Follow the generic recommendations cited in Section VIII for shading
ammunition and ground storage (off the ground with adequate ventilation).
c. Keep propellant charges in closed storage containers out of the direct sun until
needed.
d. Store artillery projectiles upright to expose less surface to the sun.
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WARNING
Hot ammunition and hot gun tubes increase the probability of cookoff,
which can cause injury or death to personnel. Do not load the weapon
until a call for fire is received.
NOTE
Sand and humidity should not affect charges as long as they are maintained
in their original pack.
2-11. 105MM and 155MM Howitzer Cartridges and Projectiles.
a. General.
1. Store separate loading artillery projectiles in an upright position to expose
less surface to the sun and to reduce the possibility of voids created by filler
melting/re-solidifying, and explosive material exuding into the fuze well.
2. The same precautions should be exercised for these items as is specified
for propelling charges.
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WARNING
Examine unfuzed projectiles for explosive material exuded into the
fuze thread area. Do not fuze or fire rounds with explosive on/in fuze
threads or injury to personnel may occur.
Do not fire DODIC D528, 155MM M825 Smoke Screen with M203
propelling charge, or injury to personnel may occur.
DODIC D528, 155MM M825 Smoke Screen Projectile, lot numbers PB-
85A through E, PB-86A, or PB-86E fired above 110° F could result in
unstable or short rounds, which could result in injury to personnel.
WARNING
Do not use the M119 propelling charge with the M549/M549A1
projectile. Rocket motor ignition failures resulting in short rounds will
occur. This could result in injury or death to personnel.
3. Prior to fuzing, use a clean, dry rag to clean all loose material from the
fuze well. Any material remaining in the fuze well could be explosive material and the
projectile should not be used.
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b. M712 Copperhead.
1. Keep Copperhead in container until round is to be fired. Use barrier bag if
round is removed from container and not loaded immediately.
2. Spin obturator on Copperhead to ensure it turns freely before loading the
round into the gun.
3. Do not expose Copperhead to sand or dirt. Sand and dirt may cause
damage and loss of reliability to the dome and optics, control system, and slip
obturator.
4. Do not use the Copperhead if the dome is broken or cracked because the
round may tumble.
Section IV. MORTAR AMMUNITION
2-12. General.
a. Care and maintenance of all mortar weapons is critical in a blowing sand
environment. Keep the muzzle cover In place to prevent sand/dust from collecting in
the tube.
b. Follow the same precautions for storage as specified for propelling charges in
section III and for general ammunition storage in section VIII.
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2-13. Jungle Wrap.
a. Some of the ammunition packaging is what is referred to as “jungle wrap.” The
jungle wrap material softens and becomes sticky under high temperatures. Sticky
hands may lead to sticky rounds. Sticky rounds could collect blown sand and dust,
increasing the probability of misfires/stuck rounds.
b. Use a two-man procedure to open and remove rounds from jungle wrap
containers. The first man opens the container and holds it as the second man
removes the round.
WARNING
Examine unfuzed projectiles for explosive material exuded into the
fuze thread area. Do not fuze or fire rounds with explosive on/in the
fuze threads, or injury to personnel may occur.
c. Before fuzing, use a clean, dry rag to clean all loose material from the fuze well.
Any material remaining in the fuze well could be explosive material and the projectile
should not be used.
2-14. M329A2 HE Cartridge. When firing the M329A2 HE cartridge (DODIC C697),
ensure the weapon has been cleared of a misfire (round dropped in weapon tube but
falling to fire), Double loading may result in a catastrophic event. See specific
operational steps in TM 9-1015-215-10.
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Section V. FUZES
2-15. General.
a. Use the protective measures for shading, above ground storage, and
ventilation cited in section VIII to maintain safety and reliability.
b. All artillery, mortar, and tank ammo fuzes are safety-certified for firing at
160°F.
c. Packaging.
1. Keep fuzes in closed metal containers and out of the direct sun as much
as possible.
2. Save all inner and outer fuze packing material for repackaging turned-in
material.
3. After removing fuzes from metal can, replace inner packaging and
desiccant in closed container for reuse.
2-16. Specific Item Information.
a. The M100 S&A for the HAWK has had previous arming problems in Saudi
Arabia. (Later updates will provide special guidelines for protection.)
b. Keep the M734 fuze covered and away from blowing dust or sand to prevent
impaired function.
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Section VI. LAND MINES
2-17. General. To preserve safety and reliability of land mines, use the protective
measures for shading, above ground storage, and ventilation in section VIII.
Section VII. MISSILES
2-18. General. Use the protective measures for shading, above ground storage, and
ventilation in section VIII to preserve safe and reliable functions.
a. Keep missiles/rockets in original shipping containers to protect from sand and
dust.
b. Weapon Orientation. During storage and handling, position rocket motors,
rockets, and guided missiles in a direction that will cause the least damage to friendly
personnel and equipment if weapons are unintentionally ignited.
2-19. Army Tactical Missile System (TACMS) Missile/Launch Pod Assembly
(M/LPA).
a. General. Use the protective measures for shading, above ground storage,
and ventilation in section VIII to ensure safe and reliable functions.
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b. Loading/Unloading.
WARNING
Since the Army TACMS M/LPA weighs approximately 1816 pounds
more than the launch pod container trainer, exercise caution to ensure
overstressing of the cables does not occur when loading the M/LPA.
Cable failure can result in personnel injury or death.
1. Inspect the cables IAW PMCS.
2. Prior to loading the Army TACMS M/LPA, visually inspect the hoist cable
and the W19 and W20 connectors. Clean as necessary.
c. Overtemperature Condition. If an overtemperature condition exists during a
fire mission after the LCHR LAY is pressed, either MISSILE TEMPERATURE
CAUTION or WEAPON MALFUNCTION will be displayed on the fire control panel.
1. If MISSILE TEMPERATURE CAUTION is displayed, a 5-minute timer will
start and a status message will be sent automatically to battery with a time to fire of 5
minutes. If the FIRE switch is not activated within 5 minutes after the prompt
appears, the WEAPON MALFUNCTION prompt will be displayed.
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2. If WEAPON MALFUNCTION is displayed, the power and data lines are
automatically disconnected from the missile and the mission is terminated for the
non-operational missile. If there is another missile available, the fire control system
will send the mission data of the non-operational missile to the operational missile
and the fire mission shall continue; otherwise the mission is ABORTED.
Section VIII. MATERIEL MOVEMENT, HANDLING, AND STORAGE
WARNING
Damaged ammunition can lead to personnel injury or death. Should
you suspect ammunition is damaged,
a. Identify, tag, and segregate it.
b. Notify
1. Local ammunition storage personnel.
2. Local QA Specialist (QASAS) or Logistics Assistance
Representative (LAR) (see para 1-3).
3. Local EOD.
4. ARCENT forward missile/ammunition office.
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c. Ammunition will be inspected and disposition instructions
provided.
If not stored in a proper base-down position, White Phosphorous (WP)
can melt and shift, causing an unstable projectile.
2-20. General. Lessons learned from severe accelerated deterioration of ammunition
to high temperature/humidity conditions have identified potential problem areas and
subsequent protective measures. Based on these lessons learned, the following
guidance is provided.
2-21. Inspection.
a. Provisions should be made for extensive depot-and ASP-level inspections.
Provisioning for adequate tooling, supplies, and equipment will be required to perform
corrective maintenance and repair actions.
b. Inspection of ammo will be dictated by SB 742-1 or as determined necessary
by the QASAS (ammo inspector) in charge. Inspect all ammunition and weapons
immediately and in the following order: (1) ammunition pulled from other theaters of
operation, (2) propositioned stocks, (3) CONUS-deployed assets.
c. Set aside and do not load any containers, pallets, barges, or any other
shipping configuration that have been abnormality roughly handled, dropped, banged,
soaked, or otherwise mishandled. Such ammunition should be thoroughly unpacked,
inspected, and repacked.
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d. Frequently inspect web strapping and banding materials and all equipment
involved in handling and movement of ammunition. Check for deterioration and
stress.
2-22. Packaging.
a. Keep ammunition in original packaging until ready for use.
b. Retain all packaging materials for repackaging turned-in ammunition. Empty
packaging materials should be labeled as such and then can be placed on top of
ammunition stacks to shield against radiant heat if tarps or camouflage nets are not
available.
c. Repackage ammunition opened but not used as soon as possible. Repackage
items with reactivated desiccant. If desiccant cannot be reactivated, immediately seal
back in its original container so that it is available for repackaging purposes.
2-23. Shipment and Handling Guidance (General).
a. Munitions should be given higher priority over weapons for protected dockside
storage.
b. Provide propellants maximum free air space and ventilation possible to avoid
overheating and development of hot spots.
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c. Since excessive heating can result in increased sensitivity of explosive
materials, care should be exercised during movements dockside, both on-loading and
down-loading of vessels/aircraft. Avoid storing any ammunition in the direct sun
without tarping/shading, above-ground blocking, and adequate ventilation.
d. Keep pre-loading and off-loading times on runways or dockside to a minimum
to avoid solar overheating. If possible, downloading and uploading should be done in
the early morning or after sundown to minimize overheating.
2-24. Shipment and Handling Guidance (Vehicular).
a. The interior temperature of MILVANs, commercial containers, and similar
metal containers will be significantly higher than ambient exterior air temperature
when exposed directly to the sun. This condition is especially significant in the hot-dry
desert, intermediate hot-dry desert, and hot-humid coastal regions in Saudi Arabia.
b. Utilization of MILVANs/vehicles for storage is not desirable, but when
necessary, the following steps should be taken (see fig. 2-1):
1. Park ammunition-loaded vehicles in shaded areas if possible.
2. Shade the container with a cover that is at least 18 inches from the top,
sides, and ends of the container to allow for circulation of air.
3. Provide a minimum of 3 inches clearance on all sides and between
individual boxes or pallets in vehicles with open cargo areas.
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Figure 2-1. MILVAN Tarping (1 of 2).
2-21
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Figure 2-1. MILVAN Tarping (2 of 2).

4. When operating and security precautions permit, open compartments to
ammunition in armored and wheeled vehicles and doors to MILVANS to the
maximum extent possible to allow for ventilation.
5. Maximum shading should be provided to the top of the container due to
the very high angle of the sun at Saudi Arabia’s low latitude.
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6. Containers should be positioned with the long axis oriented in an east-
west direction to minimize the east and west wall exposure. The low altitude morning
sun and low altitude afternoon sun will be directly on the short axis in this orientation.
7. Place sandbags against the sides and rear of MILVANs storing
ammunition for long periods of time to reduce exposure to the sun and the size of the
tarpaulin required to cover the MILVANs. Placement of sand/sand bags in this
manner will greatly reduce the cover (tarps, nets) required by reducing the surface
area exposed to the sun. A 20 ft x 40 ft tarpaulin will adequately cover an exposed
container.
8. If no further movement of an ammunition container is planned, mechanical
restraints such as blocking and bracing can be removed. Blocking and bracing can be
used to provide the separation between the top/sides of the container and the cover
used.
9. MILVAN storage of ammunition must be considered as an unbarricaded,
above ground magazine for quantity-distances purposes. Separation distances
among containers and between containers and external exposures must be
determined accordingly to prevent a chain reaction of unintended explosions, to
protect personnel from death or injury, and to protect equipment/facilities from
damage. Reduced distances increase the hazard. The use of terrain features or
barricades between containers may allow reduction of separation distances.
2-23
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2-25. Storage (On-Load/Off-Load Proximity).
a. Provisions should be made for the construction of shelters on, or within close
proximity to, all on-load/off-load operations (both at ports and airfields). Most
desirable are shelters providing complete protection from solar radiation with designs
that optimize ventilation.
NOTE
Refer to FM 9-13, TM 9-1300-206, and section IX for proper construction of
ammunition storage bunkers.
b. Provisions should be made for permanent storage structures inland at depots
and Ammunition Supply Points (ASPs) to assure that degradation of materiel is
minimized.
c. Priority of storage in depots and ASPs should be given to those items deemed
most sensitive, with the following receiving first consideration: (1) guided
missiles/rockets, (2) propelling charges, (3) pyrotechnics, (4) White Phosphorous
(WP) filled items, (5) projectiles.
2-26. Field Storage.
a. Tarping/Shading of Ammunition.
1. All ammunition stored in the open, including at the gun site, should be
tarped/shaded with as light-colored tarps/nets as possible to decrease absorption of
heat.
2-24
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. All tarps/nets will be erected with a minimum of 18 inches clearance
above the ammunition (see fig. 2-2).
Figure 2-2. Clearance Requirements.
2-25
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3. All tarps should be erected to allow for quick lowering during high winds.
NOTE
If tarps are not available, cover assets with one layer of empty wood
boxes, empty steel containers, or even cardboard secured with sandbags.
Excess ammunition packaging can also be utilized.
b. Ground Storage of Ammunition.
1. Prioritize covering/shading of ammunition according to effects of high
temperature and humidity on serviceability and safety. Give highest priority to (a)
guided missiles/rockets, (b) propelling charges, (c) fuzes, (d) pyrotechnics, (e)
projectiles.
NOTE
Blown sand should be cleared from storage area.
2. Store all White Phosphorus (WP) projectiles base down.
3. Store ammunition on pallets or dunnage with a minimum of three inches
ground clearance (see fig. 2-2).
4. Do not store ammunition more than three pallets high on sandy soil (see
fig. 2-2).
2-26
TB 9-1000-262-DT
5. Do not position stacks so they lean against other stacks or can fall.
6. Do not place broken pallets on the bottom of a stack.
7. Provide a minimum of three inches clearance on all sides of stacks for
ventilation (see fig. 2-2).
8. Provide a minimum of 18 inches of air space between tarp and
ammunition (see fig. 2-2).
9. If ammunition cannot be stored on pallets, store ammunition to provide as
much ventilation between individual rounds/boxes/containers as practical, as shown
in TM 9-1300-206.
c. Miscellaneous Equipment. The following table identifies miscellaneous
equipment which can be used for palletizing, transporting, and storing supplies.
2-27
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 2-1. Miscellaneous Banding and Strapping Materials
ITEM NSN UI COMMENTS
Steel Strapping 8135-00-283-0670 CL 60 lbs/coil 11 ft/lb
(zinc 0.75 in.)
Steel Strapping 8135-00-283-0671 CL 100 lbs/coil 7 ft/lb
(zinc 1.25 in.)
Strapping Clips (0.75 in.) 8135-00-290-1090 BX 5000/box
Strapping Clips (1.25 in.) 8135-00-290-1077 BX 1000/box
Tensioner, Stl Strapping 3540-00-278-1251 EA
Sealer, Stl Strapping 3540-00-223-8589 EA
(0.75 in.)
Sealer, Stl Strapping 3540-00-223-8592 EA
(1.25 in.)
Cutter, Stl Strapping 5110-00-223-6281 EA
Strapping Coil Hand Truck 3540-00-273-8821 EA 2 wheel, holds 1 each
0.75, 1.25, 2-inch
bands
Strapping/Sealing Kit 3540-00-565-6244 EA 90 Ibs strap; 1000 seals;
(1.25 in.) stretcher;
sealer; wood
2-28
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 2-1. Miscellaneous Banding and Strapping Materials (cont)
ITEM NSN UI COMMENTS
Strapping/Sealing Kit 3540-00-565-6243 EA 90 Ibs strap; 500 seals;
(0.75 in.) stretcher;
sealer; wood box heavy
duty cutter
Universal Tie-Down Strap 5340-01-204-3009 EA
(20 ft)
Universal Tie-Down Strap 5340-00-980-9277 EA
and Alternates 1670-00-725-1437 EA
5340-01-089-4997 EA
Rope, Nylon (1/4 in. dia) 4020-00-926-3438 RL 600 ft/roll
Rope, Manila (5/8 in. dia) 4920-00-269-8616 CL 600 ft/coil
Rope, Manila 4920-00-289-8817 CL 600 ft/roll
2-29
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Section IX. CONSTRUCTION OF AMMUNITION STORAGE

2-27. General. To provide the most stable, safe environment for ammunition
storage, bunker storage modules should be used. Figures 2-3, 2-4, and table 2-2, are
provided as simplified guidance in building ammunition bunker storage modules. Use
the figures and table with FM 9-13 and TM 9-1300-206 for the most accurate,
complete instructions.
2-30
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 2-3. Aerial View of 8-Cell Module Storage Plan
2-31
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 2-4. Cross Section of 8-Cell Module Storage Plan
2-32
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 2-2. Intermagazine Separation for Barricaded
Storage Modules for Mass-Detonating Explosives
MINIMUM EXPLOSIVES TO
EXPLOSIVES
DISTANCE IN FEET BARRICADE HEIGHT BASED UPON
(BARRICADED) BETWEEN STORAGE SIZE
MINIMUM HEIGHT
NET POUNDS CELL STORAGE PAD OF BARRICADE
OF CELLS & MODULES SIZE (WIDTH OR ABOVE TOP OF
EXPLOSIVES d = 1.1W 1/3 STACK IN FEET
DEPTH) IN FEET1
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4
50,000 40 30 2
100,000 50 30 2
125,000 55 30 2
150,000 60 30 2
175,000 60 30 2
200,000 65 30 2
225,000 65 40 2.5
250,000 70 40 2.5
1. The barricade height above the explosives stack shown in column 4 will be
increase 6 inches for each 1-foot increase in width or depth of the pad size shown in
column 3
2-33/(2-34 blank)
TB 9-1000-262-DT
CHAPTER 3. ARMAMENT
Section I. GENERAL MAINTENANCE AND SUPPORT EQUIPMENT
3-1. General. Conditions you encounter in the desert have a profound effect on
armament and maintenance methods. This harsh environment requires a high
maintenance standard, and equipment may have to be maintained well away from
specialized support personnel. The following general maintenance tips will help you
keep your equipment battle ready.
a. Perform Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) per applicable
Technical Manuals (TMs).
b. For specific operation/maintenance precautions, refer to the appropriate
system TMs.
3-2. Desert Effects on Maintenance Procedures.
a. Dust and sand are the greatest danger to equipment efficiency in the desert.
Particles settling on moving parts and acting as damaging abrasives cause premature
failures and are almost impossible to avoid entirely. The following tips will help you
minimize the effects of sand and dust during equipment maintenance.
1. Tightly secure the lids on all Petroleum, Oils, and Lubricants (POL). Sand
mixed with any type of POL product forms an abrasive paste.
3-1
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. Discard as contaminated any POL container which has been opened and
not covered. Rags are not adequate cover.
3. If possible, use cartridge grease instead of large containers, such as 5
gallon buckets, of grease. Cartridge grease is less easily contaminated.
4. Clean the tips of grease guns before and after each use. Wipe lubrication
fittings clean before using grease guns.
5. Keep equipment as clean as possible, paying particular attention to
screens, grilles, filters, and moving parts.
b. Parts Removal/Replacement.
1. Using dirty tools can introduce contaminants into equipment. Clean your
tools before and after each use.
2. Small parts (nuts, bolts, washers) and tools are easily lost if knocked or
dropped into the sand. Using empty cans from the local mess area, make a parts
carrier (fig. 3-1) for parts/tools removed or used during maintenance actions.
3-2
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-1. Fabricated Parts Carrier

3. Place a tarp beneath the equipment being maintained to prevent losing
parts or tools in the sand.
4. Tools exposed to direct sunlight become too hot to hold. Make every effort
to keep tools shaded while you work.
5. When removing or replacing coolant, hydraulic hoses, or parts with
exposed inlets, cover the hose/inlet immediately with masking tape, duct tape, or a
clean rag (fig. 3-2). Wipe away excess oil or grease on any exposed surface. Line
Replaceable Units (LRUs) should be evacuated with all hoses and inlets taped or
blocked.
3-3
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-2. Tape/Cover Fittings, Hoses, Inlets, and Outlets

c. Check cooling fans for operation and their associated filters for cleanliness.
d. Do not force an instrument or lever that may be jammed due to lodged grit and
sand.
e. Keep accessories and components stowed in their proper cases when not in
use. Remove sand from components and case interiors prior to stowage.
f. Mold, mildew, and fungus grow very quickly in hot, humid weather. Keep all
glass, rubber and leather surfaces clean and dry.
3-4
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-3. Prime Mover General Maintenance Instructions.
a. Battery Maintenance.
1. Since batteries do not hold charge efficiently in intense heat, keep your
batteries filled but not overfilled.
2. Do not use tropical electrolyte in 4HN, 2HN, 6TN, and 6TL batteries.
Continue to use electrolyte NSN 6810-00-249-9354 or NSN 6610-00-843-1640.
3. Keep battery cap air vents clean.
4. Check fluid level in batteries daily due to evaporation. Refill with distilled
water. Use rain or drinking water if distilled water is not available.
b. Keep radiators and airflow areas around engines clean and free of debris.
Blow sand/dust out of radiator fins weekly or as required. Check radiator cap
serviceability.
c. Do not remove hood side panels.
d. Fill radiators with coolant.
e. Repair all coolant leaks.
f. Extreme heat causes drive belts to stretch. Keep belts properly adjusted-tight
but not too tight.
g. Maintain adequate stocks of tarpaulins (for crew outside protection), hoses, fan
belts, tires, and water cans.
3-5
TB 9-1000-262-DT
h. Measure track tension daily.
i. Lube road wheels, road arms, and support rollers daily.
j. Exercise hydraulic systems daily to prevent seals from drying out and leaking.
If possible, wipe off piston arm prior to activating.
k. Check oil cooler screens for free airflow.
l. Make sure filters are installed in all refueling equipment. Cover the air gap
between nozzle and fuel tank filler when refueling equipment.
WARNING
Failure to raise tire pressure after use in sand will result in tires
overheating and tire blowout/failure. This could result in personnel
injury or death.
m. Reduce tire pressure to increase traction when driving in soft sand or over
dunes. Reference the applicable TM for correct tire pressures. Ensure tire pressure is
raised when vehicle resumes ON-ROAD/HIGHWAY USE! Make wide turns rather
than sharp turns.
n. Tape corrugated cardboard to the top of the radio to help block sun rays and
prevent cooling fan burnout.
o. Idle-cool diesel engines at 1000 rpm for a few minutes and at normal idle for a
few minutes before shutting down to keep from burning out the engines.
3-6
TB 9-1000-262-DT
p. Always keep any exposed engine openings covered. Cover freshly lubed parts
waiting for reassembly.
q. POL.
1. With the exception of the M1 turbine engine, the recommended oils for
use in TACOM engines are OE/HDO 15W/40 or OE/HDO-40 weight oil that conform
to MIL-L-2104. For other components/subcomponents, use the oils/lubricants
specified in each equipment technical manual which meet the operational
requirements for hot environments.
2. For vehicles/equipment operating in the desert, cut normal oil change
intervals in half. For example, if oil change is normally required at 12,000 miles,
change oil at 6,000 miles; if normally required at 400 hours, change at 200 hours; if
normally required every 6 months, change every 3 months. Shorten these intervals if
conditions become more severe.
3-4. Direct Support Electronic System Test Set (DSESTS) (Fig. 3-3).
a. Protect DSESTS from extended exposure to intense direct sunlight and the
abrasive effect of sand on exposed components.
b. If at all possible, schedule DSESTS operation during the cooler hours of the
day or night. Operating temperature range is from 32°F to 131°F.
c. Do not touch or rub any glass surfaces with your fingers.
3-7
TB 9-1000-262-DT
d. Clean components using only authorized solvents. Use cleaning materials with
care to avoid scratching.
Figure 3-3. Direct Support Electronic System Test Set

(Not All Components Shown.)
e. Take extra care to prevent sand from entering cable connectors on both
DSESTS components and LRUs.
1. Before making cable connections, remove sand and other foreign material
from connectors.
3-8
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. If necessary, use compressed air or your own lung power to remove
foreign material from connectors.
3. After using the DSESTS, immediately install connector covers on cable
connectors.
Section II. SMALL CALIBER (5.56 MM TO 40 MM)
3-5. General.
WARNING
Pay special attention to daily climate conditions. As the ambient
temperature rises, the potential for a hot weapon cookoff also rises.
This can result in injury or death to personnel.
a. Perform routine weapon maintenance (cleaning and lubricating) at twice the
recommended frequency. Problems of sand and dust contamination will be
minimized. Clean in enclosed areas when possible, away from blowing sand.
1. Wipe weapons off with a clean, dry cloth every chance you get.
2. Give special attention to moving parts, like the bolt carrier. Wipe and
brush them as clean as possible. Use your own lung power to blow out sand from
areas like the trigger assembly that you are not authorized to disassemble.
3-9
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3. Limit lubrication with Cleaner, Lubricant and Preservative (CLP) and other
lubricants to internal parts to avoid sand and grit. Wipe the outside of your weapon
dry.
b. Store weapons in a covered, wind protected area when you are not using
them, with a blanket or a poncho. Use rifle covers, muzzle caps, and spare magazine
bags as much as possible. This will protect barrel sights and working parts from sand
and dust.
1. Cover mounted machine guns.
2. On rifles, keep the ejection port cover closed and a magazine installed.
c. Do not expose cartridges, magazines, and ammunition container to direct
sunlight. Firing weapon with ammunition at an elevated temperature could subject
weapon to an overpressure.
d. If exposed to water, disassemble, clean, oil and reassemble as soon as
possible. Make sure it’s dry.
e. Nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) decontamination procedures can be
found in the field manual (FM) for your specific weapon.
3-10
TB 9-1000-262-DT
f. Organizational Cleaning.
WARNING
Be sure to clear weapon before disassembling, cleaning, inspecting,
transporting or storing.
Eye protection is recommended when cleaning your weapon or its
parts.
Cleaning solvent is FLAMMABLE and TOXIC, and must be kept away
from open flames and used in a well-ventilated area. Use of rubber
gloves is necessary to protect the skin when washing weapon parts.
CAUTION
To avoid damage to equipment, do not use dry cleaning solvent on
wood, plastic, sealed buffers, electronic parts, rubber, leather, electric
solenoids, or the entire MK19 Grenade Machine Gun.
Use cleaning compound solvent with caution. Avoid sparks and flame.
Use in area having adequate ventilation.
NOTE
Do not mix lubricants. If changing one of the authorized lubricants, remove
existing lubricant before another is applied. Mixing lubricants may result in
weapon function problems.
3-11
TB 9-1000-262-DT
With the exception of the MK19 Grenade Machine Gun, periodically flush out sand
and other debris from all small arms using the following supplies:
1. Cleaning compound solvent (SD), MIL-PRF-680, type 2, NSN 6850-01-
474-2319.
2. Wash pan, PN 1211, NSN 3990-00-795-3595.
3. Chemical and oil protective gloves, 22-G-381, NSN 8415-00-823-7459.
4. Brush of appropriate size. Refer to your weapons operator manual.
g. Lubrication.
NOTE
Lubrication instructions are mandatory. Do not mix lubricants on the same
weapon. The weapon must be thoroughly cleaned during change from one
lubricant to another. Cleaning Solvent (available to unit maintenance) is
recommended for cleaning during change from one lubricant to another.
Only lubricants and cleaners specified in your weapons operator manual are
authorized for use on your weapon system.
Lubricants listed in Table 3-1 are used to meet varied needs. The lubricants should
be used within the prescribed temperature range for a particular weapon in
conjunction with the lubrication instructions in their applicable technical manuals.
Refer to Table 3-2 for your specific weapon system.
3-12
TB 9-1000-262-DT
C L P - C le a n e r , lu b r ic a n t p r e s e r v a tiv e
L S A - W e a p o n s lu b r ic a tin g o il, s e m i-
flu id .
L S A - T - W e a p o n s lu b r ic a tin g o il, s e m i-
flu id , w ith T e flo n
+ 1 0 ° F
(-1 2 ° C )
B e tw e e n 1 0 ° F (-1 2 ° C ) a n d -1 0 ° F
-1 0 °F ( - 2 3 ° C ) u s e C L P , L S A o r L A W . B e lo w
(-2 3 ° C ) - 1 0 ° F ( - 2 3 ° C ) u s e o n ly L A W .
L A W - W e a p o n s lu b r ic a tin g o il, a r tic .
L ig h tly L u b e - A film o f lu b r ic a n t b a r e ly v is ib le to th e e y e .
G e n e r o u s ly L u b e - H e a v y e n o u g h to s p r e a d w ith y o u r fin g e r .
3-13
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 3-1. Lubricants
DESCRIPTION NSN UM
Cleaner, Lubricant and Preservative,
Grade 2 (CLP), (81349) MIL-L-63460
1/2 ounce bottle 9150-01-102-1473 OZ
4 ounce bottle 9150-01-079-6124 OZ
1 pint bottle 9150-01-054-6453 PT
1 gallon 9150-01-053-6688 GL
Grease, Molybdenum Disulfide (GMD)
(81349) MIL-G-21164
14 ounce bottle 9150-00-935-4018 CA
1.75 lbs 9150-00-754-2595 CN
6.5 lbs 9150-00-223-4004 CN
35 lbs 9150-00-965-2003 CN
Lubricating Oil, Weapons (LAW)
(81349) MIL-L-14107
1 quart 9150-00-292-9689 QT
3-14
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 3-1. Lubricants (Cont)
DESCRIPTION NSN UM
Lubricating Oil, Weapons Semi-fluid (LSA)
(81349) MIL-L-46000
2 ounce bottle 9150-00-935-6597 BT
4 ounce bottle 9150-00-889-3522 BT
1 quart 9150-00-687-4241 QT
1 gallon 9150-00-753-4686 GL
Lubricating Oil, Weapons Semi-fluid, with
Teflon (LSA-T)
(81349) MIL-L-46150
8 ounce tube 9150-00-949-0323 TU
1 lb 9150-01-109-7793 LB
3-15
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 3-2. Lubricants by Weapon and Temperature Range
WEAPON SYSTEM AND LUBRICANT
TEMPERATURE RANGE
CLP GMD LAW LSA LSAT
M16 Series Rifle:
-25 °F and above
-10 °F and above X X
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
M4 Carbine:
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
M231 Firing Port Weapon:
-25 °F and above
-10 °F and above X
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
3-16
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table 3-2. Lubricants by Weapon and Temperature Range (Cont)
TEMPERATURE RANGE
M249 Machine Gun:
-25 °F and above USE CLP ONLY
-10 °F and above ALL TEMPERATURES
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below
M24 Sniper Weapon:
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
M60 Series MG:
-25 °F and above
-10 °F and above X
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
3-17
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TEMPERATURE RANGE
M240 Series MG::
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
M2 Series MG:
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
MK19 GMG:
-25 °F and above X X X
-10 °F and above
0 °F and below X
+10 °F and below
3-18
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TEMPERATURE RANGE
M203 Grenade Launcher:
-25 °F and above
-10 °F and above X X X
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below
M9/M11 Pistol:
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
Shotguns:
-25 °F and above
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below X
3-19
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TEMPERATURE RANGE
M3 Recoilless Rifle:
-25 °F and above USE CLP ONLY
-10 °F and above ALL TEMPERATURES
0 °F to 100 °F
+10 °F and below
3-6. Machine Guns (5.56MM to Cal .50).

a. Lightly lube internal working parts. Wipe lubricants from exposed surfaces.
b. Inspect and clean daily. Keep weapon covered when possible.
c. If weapon stops firing, apply Immediate Action Procedures (IAP). Do not open
cover assembly. If cover assembly is opened on a hot weapon, an open-cover
cookoff could occur.
3-20
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-7. M16 Series Rifle and M4 Series Carbine.
NOTE
For proper functioning of your M16 Series Rifle magazine in a hot, dry
climate, keep the magazine and ammunition clean and free from lubricant.
Sand and dust will stick to the lubricant and may cause feeding problems.
a. To remove sand, grit, and lubricant from the magazine, disassemble it and
wipe the parts and the inside/outside of the magazine body with a clean, dry rag.
Visually inspect magazine top and sides for dents or other damage; replace if
damaged. Reassemble the magazine and protect it from the environment. A
magazine protective bag is provided for this purpose and can be obtained by ordering
NSN 1005-00-193-8306.
b. Use a liberal coating of CLP on internal working (moving) surfaces only to
prevent jamming due to fine sand.
c. If your rifle stops firing, apply Immediate Action Procedures (lAP). When
applying the IAP, a case or cartridge should be ejected when the charging handle is
pulled to the rear. If not, check the feed area/chamber for an obstruction. If your
weapon will not fire after you perform IAP, apply remedial action if necessary and
initiate troubleshooting procedures (TM 9-1005-319-10).
d. Do not overheat the rifle barrel (firing 140 rounds rapidly/continuously). This
could cause a cook-off.
3-21
TB 9-1000-262-DT
e. If your weapon’s malfunction is due to a damaged or defective magazine,
replace that magazine as soon as possible.
NOTE
Protective cap is for field use only. DO NOT store weapon with the protective cap on
the barrel. Storing with the protective cap in place may cause moisture to collect in
the barrel.
Using AAL equipment (i.e., protective cap, NSN 5240-00-880-7666; protective bag,
NSN 1005-00-190-8306 and protective cover, NSN 1005-00-809-2190) will protect
your rifle carbine. Use them whenever tactical conditions will allow. Always keep
snow out of the barrel bore. Clean barrel bore with swab (NSN 1005-00-912-4248)
and cleaning rod if necessary, before firing.
The protective cap is approved for use on all M16 series rifles and M4 carbines. It fits
over the compensator to keep dust, dirt, snow, water, ice, etc., from getting in the
barrel. These types of obstructions can cause catastrophic failures and total
destruction of the weapon.
When installed on the rifle/carbine, the weapon can be fired without removing the
protective cap. The protective cap will be blown off without interfering with the
function/accuracy of the weapon. The protective cap is expendable and is not
recovered if it is blown off. Recommend additional protective caps be carried for use
during mission.
3-22
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-8. M240B Machine Gun.
a. For all maintenance and operating procedures, refer to TM 9-1005-313-10.
b. HOT, DUSTY, AND SANDY AREAS. Clean often. Wipe oil from exposed
surfaces with clean wiping rag. Cover weapon as much as possible to keep dust and
sand out of parts.
c. You can use the muzzle cap authorized in the M16 Series Rifle TM on your
M240B Machine Gun. The cap is expendable and can be ordered using the following
information:
1. Nomenclature: Cap, Protective, Dust
2. NSN 5340-00-880-7666
3. PN 8445067
3-9. M249 Squad Automatic Weapon (SAW).
a. Be sure weapon covers, such as the link ejection port cover, are closed when
the weapon is not in operation.
b. You can use the muzzle cap authorized in the M16 Series Rifle TM on your
M249 BMG. The cap is expendable and can be ordered using the following
information:
1. Nomenclature: Cap, Protective, Dust
3-23
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. NSN 5340-00-880-7666
3. PN 8445067
3-10. M60 Machine Gun.
a. General.
1. Keep ammunition in cans/bandoleers to keep it clean and to avoid getting
dirt in the weapon.
2. Do not strap ammunition around your body.
3. Clean and lightly lube actual working surfaces of the bolt, barrel sockets,
and operating rod frequently.
b. Loading (Half-Load/Closed Cover).
NOTE
These procedures are to be used only as directed.
1. Ensure the safety lever is on F.
2. Pull the cocking handle fully to the rear, locking the bolt to the rear (open).
3. Return the cocking handle to its full forward (locked) position.
4. Place the safety lever on S.
5. Open and raise the cover.
3-24
TB 9-1000-262-DT
6. Inspect the cover, feed tray, receiver, and chamber to ensure they are
clear of ammunition and links.
7. Close the cover. (Ensure it is closed and locked.)
8. Place the safety lever on F.
9. Grasp the cocking handle and pull it fully to the rear, press the trigger
(riding the cocking handle forward), and allow the bolt to move to its full forward
locked (closed) position. Do not let the bolt slam closed.
NOTE
For ease in loading, remove link.
10. Insert a belt of ammunition into the feed tray (fig. 3-4) until a click is heard
or felt. The click is the belt holding pawl engaging and Iocking the ammunition belt in
place. Do not insert a belt of ammunition with a link on the first round.
11. Gently pull on the ammunition to ensure engagement. If it comes out,
repeat step 10. If subsequent attempts fail, clear the gun and repeat steps 7 through
11.
NOTE
If weapon will not fire, perform unloading and clearing procedures (step d).
3-25
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-4. Ammunition on Feed Tray

c. Firing Procedures From the Half-Load.
4. Aim and fire by pressing trigger.
3-26
TB 9-1000-262-DT
d. Unloading and Clearing From the Half-Load/Closed Cover.
1. Point the muzzle in a safe direction.
2. Open and raise the cover.
3. Remove the belt of ammunition.
7. Place the safety lever on S.
8. Inspect the cover, feed tray, receiver, and chamber to ensure they are
clear of ammunition and Iinks.
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3-11. M24 Sniper Weapon System (SWS).
a. When not being used, keep the M24 SWS in either the system case or in the
soft rifle carrying case to protect it against exposure to dust and sand.
NOTE
Do not remove the trigger assembly from the receiver and barrel assembly.
b. Remove the receiver and barrel assembly from the stock assembly to remove
dirt/sand/dust from the trigger assembly. Trigger assembly may be cleaned with
either CLP or alcohol.
c. If alcohol is used to clean the trigger assembly, lubricate the trigger assembly
afterward as needed.
d. Clean the optics carefully with the system’s lens cleaning kit.
3-12. M9/M11 Pistols.
WARNING
To prevent personal injury or death from accidental discharge, do not
store magazine(s) loaded with ammunition.
a. When in use, magazine(s) shall be downloaded, disassembled, inspected,
cleaned, and reassembled daily.
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3-13. M2 Machine Gun.
If the machine gun has been fired, the bore must be immediately swabbed out
with several patches saturated with RBC (MIL-PRF-372). Use dry patches to
remove all solvent film.
3-14. MK19 40MM Grenade Machine Gun (GMG).
WARNING
Any unusual occurrence during firing (i.e., excessive smoke, flash,
loud or muffled report, malfunction or stoppage) warrants immediate
inspection of weapon. Clear weapon, check barrel, feeder, bolt face,
and receiver for damage and/or unusual debris. In any case mentioned
above check the bore of the weapon. If a stuck ogive (round) is
evident, refer to TM 9-1010-230-10, round removal tool procedures, for
proper round removal procedures.
All personnel within 310 meters of impact area must wear a helmet and
body armor. All personnel within 20 meters shall also wear eye
protection and single hearing protection. Sleeves shall be rolled down
and gloves worn.
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a. Apply LSA-T, LSA, or GMD lubricant generously (enough to spread with your
finger) to the MK19 receiver rails and the mating bolt surfaces (LSA and GMD are
approved alternate lubricants; see para c.). Using improper lubricants can result in
functioning problems.
b. Apply lubricants to the MK19 as follows:
1. At temperature of -25°F to +32°F, lightly lubricate (a film of lubricant
barely visible to the eye).
2. At temperatures of +33°F to +145°F and in sand and dust conditions
generously lubricate (heavy enough to spread with your finger).
c. If during firing, any unusual noise or cartridge case damage is noted, the bore
of the weapon must be checked for obstruction before firing is continued.
d. In all cases possible prior to deployment/firing, the MK19 should be checked
for proper feed slide adjustment. Refer to TM 9-1010-230-23&P. If unit operational
check proves unsuccessful, the weapon should be evacuated to direct support for
feed slide adjustment.
e. Be sure to pay close attention to temperature ranges for lubricants in any
climate condition.
f. After experiencing a malfunction or stoppage of the MK19, use caution to
check the bore for obstructions.
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3-15. M130 Flare Dispenser. Inspect and clean, with a soft brush, the 30 contact
pins and grounding springs of the M130 dispenser breech.
Section III. MORTARS
3-16. General.
CAUTION
Due to higher ambient temperature, the established initial and
sustained firing rate must not be exceeded.
a. Keep muzzle cover and fire control sight cover in place when weapon is not in
use.
b. Follow ground preparation procedures when firing in soft ground or sand.
c. Frequently inspect the tube and baseplate socket for the accumulation of sand
and dust, and maintain as required.
d. Do not use CLP on any mortar components.
e. When sand and dust are present, clean, lubricate, and wipe dry components
more frequently.
1. Remove lubricant from machined surfaces of cannon and other exposed,
lubricated parts.
2. Clean and lubricate all exposed parts after action is over.
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f. Be sure not to double load the weapon.
g. Keep the sun off ammo (see chap. 2).
Section IV. RECOILLESS RIFLES
3-17. Ranger Anti-Armor/Anti-Personnel Weapon System (RAAWS) (84MM M3
Recoilless Rifle).
a. Store RAAWS M3 in protective jump pack as much as possible to minimize
exposing firing mechanisms to sand.
b. Clean RAAWS M3 if exposed to blowing sand.
c. Do not remove dust caps from either end until ready for use.
3-18. M136 AT4 Lightweight Anti-Armor Weapon.
WARNING
Exposure to sand by laying the weapon in the sand may cause the
firing rod to stick, resulting in a misfire. This could lead to personnel
injury or death.
a. Protect weapon, especially firing mechanism, from sand as much as possible.
1. Use the original plastic bag (barrier bag) used to pack the weapon to keep
the sand out of the AT4’s exterior moving parts that are listed in TM 9-1315-886-12.
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2. If operating in sand without the original plastic bag, stand up exposed AT4
on the aft end instead of laying flat on the ground.
b. Ensure rubber dust seal at muzzle end is not broken. A broken dust seal will
allow contaminant inside the tube, adversely affecting performance.
Section V. FIRE CONTROL
3-19. General.
CAUTION
Dust or blowing sand can scratch optical surfaces. Keep optics
covered as much as possible in these conditions to prevent scratches.
a. Leave optics covered if not needed for operations, and then only uncover
those that are necessary.
b. Protect fire control from extended exposure to intense direct sunlight and the
abrasive effect of sand on exposed glass.
c. Keep ballistic shields closed when not in use.
d. Check electrical equipment cooling fans for operation and their associated
filters for cleanliness.
e. Clean excess lubricant from bearing surfaces.
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f. Inspect optical windows and lenses before each operation to ensure they are
free of scratches and pits. If you notice scratches and pits, notify organizational
maintenance.
g. Do not touch or dry rub any glass surfaces with your fingers.
h. Do not brush or wipe sand or dust from lenses or optical windows.
i. If you notice sand or dust on optical windows or lenses, rinse with clear water
and pat dry with a clean lens tissue.
j. Inspect and clean fire control components using only authorized solvents. If no
water is available, blow off the dust.
k. Blow sand and dust from optical windows and lenses using a watchmaker’s
blower, NSN 5120-00-254-4612. (Refer to SC 4931-95CL-A09.) Inspect and initiate
further cleaning procedures only if needed.
l. Use cleaning compound, NSN 6850-00-227-1887, and lens tissue, NSN 6640-
00-285-4694, for cleaning optical windows and lenses.
CAUTION
Optical glass is easily scratched. Clean only with a clean lens tissue.
m. Cleaning Procedures. Use extreme care when cleaning sight lenses to
prevent scratching surfaces.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
1. Moisten the surface of the window with a small amount of liquid optical
lens cleaning compound.
2. Fold a clean sheet of lens tissue into a triangle so that you have three or
more thicknesses between your fingers and the window. Start at the center and clean
outward in a circular motion. Do not use excessive pressure.
3. Repeat as many times as necessary to remove all traces of dust, dirt, or
stains.
n. Do not use the same lens tissue twice.
o. Do not force an instrument or lever that may be jammed due to lodged grit.
p. Do not leave batteries in equipment that will be stored for long periods of time
at very high temperatures.
q. Do not use an oily cloth to wipe or clean metal surfaces.
r. When the containers are available, use designated reusable shipping and
storage container for sensitive optical instruments and electronic units.
3-20. Night Vision Systems.
a. Operate active night vision systems only at night or during periods of low
visibility. Continuous operation may reduce system life.
b. Cool-down time for active night vision systems may increase. System
acceptability should be based on thermal image rather than cool-down time.
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3-21. M1A1/M1A2 Tank Fire Control.
a. Cover parked tank with tarpaulin cover when tank is not in use.
b. If tactical situation permits, keep Gunner’s Primary Sight (GPS) ballistic doors
closed.
c. Keep GPS windows free from dust and grit. For proper cleaning instructions,
see TM 9-2350-264-10-2 and TM 9-2350-288-10-2.
d. Day-to-night temperature changes can be extreme in a desert environment, as
much as a 70° F difference. It is critical that AMMO TEMP is correctly entered.
Section VI. ARTILLERY
3-22. General.
WARNING
Vehicle Operation in hot weather can increase the risk of heat stress to
crew members. Follow individual preventive medicine measures in
FM 21-10 to reduce the risk of heat stress in armored vehicles.
Prolonged exposure to bright sunlight produces very hot metal
surfaces which will burn flesh on contact. Wear gloves when
contacting hot metal surface with your hands. Wear additional clothing
as required.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
To avoid a cookoff, fire or ram out a round as soon as possible if it is
chambered in a weapon preheated by high air temperature and direct
sunlight. Injury or death to personnel could result.
a. Load ammunition only when ready to fire. The sun can overheat a gun tube to
the point that a round left in the gun tube will cook off.
b. In hot climates, the film of oil necessary for operation and preservation will
quickly disappear. Inspect the cannon and carriage daily. Pay particular attention to
hidden surfaces and other places where corrosion might occur and not be noticed,
such as bore and chamber springs, spring seats, and firing pin.
c. Perspiration from hands can cause rusting of machined surfaces. After
handling, clean, wipe dry, and lubricate.
d. When beginning an action in sandy or dusty areas, remove lubricants from
recoil rails and any other exposed lubricated parts, situation permitting. Lubricants will
pick up sand and dirt, forming an abrasive which will cause rapid wear. Dry surfaces
wear less than lubricated surfaces contaminated with sand or dirt.
e. Clean and lubricate all exposed parts after the action is over.
f. Increase the inspection and cleaning frequency of the breech mechanism.
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g. Be extremely careful when servicing hydraulic systems to prevent dust from
entering the system. For example, use a filter if possible when filling a reservoir; clean
hydraulic fluid cans prior to opening them; and clear the reservoir cover plate and fill
port prior to filling.
h. Keep all hydraulic cylinder rods clean.
i. During extreme heat and if the cannon is not fired, exercise the gun mount and
elevation-equilibration cylinders every 90 days.
j. In sandy or dusty areas, inspect and lubricate materiel frequently, except
exposed lubricated parts.
k. Be careful to keep sand and dust out of mechanisms and oil receptacles when
inspecting and lubricating and when making adjustments and repairs.
l. Keep all covers in place as much as firing conditions permit.
m. During disassembly and assembly, shield parts from flying sand and dust with
tarpaulins or with telescope and mount covers.
n. Use muzzle covers or muzzle plugs to keep out sand and grit.
o. Keep tires covered with available material to protect them from direct rays of
the sun, to prevent excessive air pressure, and to prevent deterioration of rubber and
tracks.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
p. Tires contain certain oils and waxes known as antioxidants, which migrate to
the surface of the tire when it is flexed in operation. These substances help protect
the rubber from ozone/sunlight damage. Therefore, wheeled vehicles should be
driven periodically to ensure the antioxidants migrate to the surface of the tire.
q. Keep fire control equipment covered or properly stowed in their proper carrying
cases when not in use.
r. Keep ammunition shaded with tarps or camouflage nets (see chap. 2).
3-23. M102 Towed Howitzer.
NOTE
Maintain nitrogen pressure in recuperator at all times.
a. Nitrogen pressure in the M102 towed howitzer will be maintained in
accordance with maintenance task in TM 9-2025-234-34. Changes in ambient
temperature will result in changes in nitrogen pressure.
b. Wheel Modification. The modification of the larger wheel on the M102 is an
ODT special purpose modification and requires authorization from AMSTA-LC-CFTL,
TACOM-RI, 1 Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, IL 61299-7630 (E-Mail: AMSTA-LC-
CFTL@ria.army.mil). All parts removed during modification must be retained for
installation upon redeployment.
3-39
TB 9-1000-262-DT
NOTE
Modify the M102 towed howitzer by replacing the existing 7.00 x 16 in. tire
and tube with a larger, more durable 9.00 x 16 in. tire and tube. Add a
spacer between the spindle and support arm to allow for clearance between
the new tire and the brake handle.
When installing new tires, always use new tubes and new flaps. Used tubes
are larger than new tubes due to service growth. This extra dimension may
result in buckles or creases, which lead to leaks and eventual failure.
1. Obtain the following parts to perform the modification.
PART FSCM NSN QTY
Spacer Fabricate Per Fig. 3-5
Tire, 9.00 x 16 in. 81349 2610-00-540-4719 2
Tube, 9.00 x 16 in. 81348 2610-00-266-6659 2
Screw 96906 5305-00-543-2866 12
PN MS9728-68
2. Locally fabricate the spacer as shown in figure 3-5.
3-40
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-5. Spacer Fabrication
3-41
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3. Replace Wheel Assembly.

(a) Remove existing 7.00 x 16 in. tire and tube (TM 9-1015-234-20).
(b) Mount 9.00 x 16 in. tire and tube on existing rim.
(c) Inflate tire to 40 psi.
4. Remove Hub Assembly (See Fig 3-6).
(a) Remove cap (1) and gasket (2).
(b) Bend tab on Iockwasher (4) out of locknut (3).
(c) Remove locknut (3), Iockwasher (4), and keyed washer (5).
(d) Pull hub (7) out until outer bearing (6) is free.
(e) Remove outer bearing (6).
(f) Remove hub (7).
NOTE
Do not remove outer bearing race, inner bearing, or seal from hub.
3-42
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-6. Hub and Spindle Assembly

(g) Examine bearings for damage. If necessary, service bearings
(TM 9-1015-234-20).
5. Remove Brake, Brake Assembly, and Spindle (See Fig. 3-7).
(a) Disconnect brake from brake rod by removing cotter pin (1) and
headed pin (2).
3-43
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-7. Spindle and Brake Assembly

(b) Remove six screws (3), Iockwashers (4), and nuts (5). Unhook the
brake shoe spring and swing out brake shoes to gain clearance to remove the bottom
screws.
(c) Remove handle assembly (6).
3-44
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-8. Spacer Installation

(d) Remove brake assembly (7).
(e) Remove spindle flange (8).
6. Install Fabricated Spacer (See Fig. 3-8). Install fabricated spacer (1)
between the wheel support assembly (2) and spindle flange (3).
7. Install Spindle and Brake Assembly (See Fig. 3-7).
(a) Install brake assembly (7) and handle (6) using six new 2.5 in. screws
(3), Iockwashers (4), and nuts (5). Torque to 35 ft-lbs.
(b) Swing brake shoe back into place and rehook brake shoe spring.
3-45
TB 9-1000-262-DT
(c) Connect brake rod to brake assembly using headed pin (2) and cotter
pin (1).
8. Install Hub Assembly (See Fig. 3-6).
(a) Install hub (7), outer bearing (6), keyed washer (5), Iockwasher (4),
and locknut (3).
(b) Tighten Iocknut (3) until drag is felt when rotating hub (7). Back
locknut (3) off until no drag is felt.
(c) Bend Iockwasher (4) tab into locknut (3) slot.
(d) Install gasket (2) and cap (1).
(e) Check brake operation; adjust If necessary (TM 9-1015-234-20).
(a) Install modified wheel assembly. Torque to 50-55 ft-lbs.
9. The larger tires have less ground clearance when raised in the firing
position. During firing, ensure some clearance is maintained to keep wheel from
bottoming out on sand or debris.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-24. M119A1 Towed Howitzer.
a. Monitor nitrogen pressure in the recuperator. Nitrogen pressure will be
maintained in accordance with TM 9-1015-252-20&P. Changes in ambient
temperature will increase nitrogen pressure.
b. Prevent the clutch disk in the elevating gear housing from rusting by frequent
maintenance and by not washing the gear housing with high-pressure water.
c. Do not place jack stand directly on sand or soft soil. Place on the baseplate to
prevent the howitzer from sinking or tipping over.
d. Keep the fire control covered at all times when not in use.
e. Keep the balance gear covers on at all times in sand and dust.
f. Keep the cam cut-off gear cover on at all times in sand and dust.
g. Keep trail bearing surface free of sand.
h. Keep breech covered when not in use.
i. Keep final drive pinion and elevating arc free of sand. Do not use grease
(WTR) on arc of pinion gear.
j. Keep handbrake levers and trail end brake levers free of sand.
3-47
TB 9-1000-262-DT
1. Always activate the brake system. Failure to do so could cause sand to
enter the brake head and reduce brake life.
2. When traveling on sandy or rough terrain, be careful when backing a
weapon attached to a prime mover.
3. Monitor nitrogen pressure in the equilibrator and recuperator. Rising
ambient temperature increases nitrogen pressure which could cause the gun tube to
slam into battery and make it difficult to depress.
4. Wipe recoil rails and cannon tube clean prior to firing the howitzer.
Lubricants will pick up sand, forming an abrasive which will cause excessive wear.
3-25. Self-Propelled Guns and Howitzers.
a. General.
1. Extreme Heat, Humidity, or Salty Condition.
(a) Clean and lube the howitzer bore and metal surfaces as often as
needed.
(b) Apply a light film of PL-S or CLP on the weapon and mount when not
in use.
(c) Keep covers in place.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. Dusty/Sandy Conditions.
(a) Do not spin vehicle tracks while operating.
(b) Park the vehicle under shelter; If none is available, cover the vehicle
with camouflage nets or tarpaulins.
(c) Keep all armament lubricated and covered when not in use.
(d) Keep ammo shaded with camouflage nets or tarps (see chap. 2).
b. M109 Series Self-Propelled Howitzers.
1. Ensure that trapped air is bled from the recoil and counterrecoil cylinders
of the gun mount. The counterrecoil buffer rod is more susceptible to damage at high
temperatures by trapped air.
2. Check the recuperator guide pins, since an increase in temperature can
result in an overfilled condition and blown seals.
3. Ensure that the recuperator front cover and gasket are properly installed
to prevent dirt from entering the recuperator.
4. Check the cleaner restriction indicator frequently. Follow the PMCS and
emergency cleaning procedure listed in TM 9-2350-311-10 and TM 9-2350-314-10.
3-49
TB 9-1000-262-DT
CAUTION
High nitrogen pressure in equilibration accumulators will adversely
affect equilibration.
High nitrogen pressure in the main power pack accumulator could
result in low oil Ievels, especially if the system has experienced
leakage.
High nitrogen pressure in the recuperator combined with firing below
700 mils can damage cam rollers and breech parts.
5. Inspect the turret-to-hull brushblock assembly and segment boards for
obstructions or corrosion. Clean as necessary.
6. Perform battery maintenance daily (see para 3-3a).
7. Do not overheat engine by driving continuously at high speeds. Long hill
climbs will cause overheating. Keep an eye on engine temperature gage.
8. Keep radiator fins free from oil and grease to prevent sand from clogging
the fins and preventing cooling.
9. Do not remove radiator cap on overheated cooling system until pressure
has been relieved.
10. Check coolant level frequently.
3-50
TB 9-1000-262-DT
(a) Check coolant level any time the engine is cool enough to allow
checking.
(b) Check coolant at the end of an operation to assure you are prepared
for the next operation.
11. Closely monitor the temperature gage during a road march or when idling,
and take appropriate action immediately if it hits RED. If you can, stop, idle, cool
down, check coolant level, and refill.
12. If your weapon has the older tight-fit bushing through the bulkhead, keep it
grease-free to prevent steering Iockup.
13. Use the primer belt. Do not put primers between the elevating cylinder and
cab roof or between the dome light and cab roof. The vibration from driving and/or
firing will adversely affect the primer activation.
14. To avoid sand collecting and blocking the bore, use the muzzle brake
cover and a muzzle plug, if available.
15. Firing.
(a) Avoid “bellying out” the system if at all possible. The M109 will dig
itself in when firing multiple rounds from one position and reduce the suspension’s
usefulness as a secondary recoil system.
3-51
TB 9-1000-262-DT
CAUTION
High angle (400 mils +) firing into a strong wind with low-to-medium
zones (green bag) can cause the bore evacuator to reduce or even stop
functioning.
“Bellying out” can result in cracked fuel tanks, cracked hulls, broken
fire control, and even the starter disconnecting from the engine.
(b) Check for sand in the cannon bore before firing to avoid premature
rounds.
Section VII. LIGHT COMBAT VEHICLES
WARNING
Operating vehicle in hot weather increases risk of heat stress. Heat
stress impairs performance and can lead to injury. Drink lots of water.
Work and rest in shade when possible. Follow instructions in
FM 21-11.
contacting hot metal surfaces with your hands. Wear additional
clothing as required.
3-52
TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
Avoid expended Depleted Uranium (DU) rounds and damaged Bradley
vehicles, or any other vehicles, hit by DU rounds. DU is primarily an
internal health concern if it is breathed in. It is not an immediate health
concern if it remains outside the body. It is important to protect
yourself in a DU environment and avoid inhalation, ingestion or
injection of DU particulates or oxides. You can limit or even eliminate
the potential of taking DU into your body by rolling down sleeves,
blousing your boots and using respiratory protection when in any
immediate area where armor impact involving DU or fires involving DU
munitions may have occurred. Remain upwind of the area as much as
possible and use appropriate respiratory protection where possible to
filter out any DU dust. If it is necessary to approach the area, limit your
time in the immediate area, dust off clothing upon leaving before
removing your respiratory protection, and take care to wash all
exposed areas of skin as soon as possible. Dispose of contaminated
clothing in accordance with AR 11-9.
3-53
TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
For Bradley vehicles, or any other vehicles, that have been hit in
combat by DU munitions or burned while M919 DU rounds were
uploaded, or damaged in accidents refer to TB 9-1300-278, “Guidelines
for Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and Transportation Accidents
involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor that Contains Depleted
Uranium.” To recover any vehicles that have been hit in combat or
burned with DU rounds uploaded, contact your chain of command in
accordance with AR 700-48.
3-26. Bradley Fighting Vehicle (A0, A2, A2ODS, A3) and Variants (M6
Linebacker, M7 BFIST).
BRADLEY FIGHTING VEHICLE (BFV) OCCUPANCY TIMES
Because of vehicle interior design and stowage location of M919 DU
rounds, occupancy in a BFV uploaded with cartridge, 25mm APFSDS-T
M919 ammunition, results in exposure to low level radiation. However,
the radiation levels in the Bradley Fighting Vehicle even during
wartime are considered safe. The amount of radiation the soldier
receives is directly proportional to the amount of time spent inside the
BFV when uploaded with APFSDS-T M919 ammunition. Although the
radiation exposure received is quite low, avoid unnecessary
occupancy in the vehicle and contact with packaged APFSDS-T M919
ammunition within mission constraints.
3-54
TB 9-1000-262-DT
M242 GUN BARREL DAMAGE
Normal firings of M919 DU ammunition does not cause radioactive
contamination in the M242 gun barrel. However, firing mishaps, such
as in-bore break-ups, could cause DU contamination of the gun barrel.
If the barrel is found to be radioactively contaminated, the barrel is to
be taken out of service without being cleaned, ends sealed with tape,
and the barrel marked “Low Level Radioactive Waste.” Storage and
return of the barrel are accomplished in accordance with AR 11-9.
a. M242 25MM Chain Gun. Perform the maintenance procedures identified
below to ensure reliable M242 gun operation in a severe sand and dust environment.
1. Limit burst length to 20 seconds to avoid overheating the gun barrel.
2. Keep the muzzle brake plug installed when not in use. One wrap of tape
may be used to cover the muzzle brake vent holes and secure the plug. The plug can
be shot out of the muzzle only as a last resort.
3. Do not apply lubricant to the external surfaces of the feeder or receiver
assemblies.
4. Keep the gun bag zipped up during vehicle operation or when hatches are
open.
5. The lower HE link eject chute should be removed and wiped clean daily.
Do not use cleaners and lubricants.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
6. Clean link stripper grooves daily. Use a dry rifle bore cleaning patch to
clean all four of the stripper grooves. Do not use cleaners or lubricants.
7. Lightly tape the vehicle cartridge case eject port closed.
8. Clean and inspect bolt and track assembly daily if the vehicle is operated
in a blowing dust environment.
b. M257 Smoke Grenade Launcher.
NOTE
When not in use, launchers should be capped.
1. Keep tubes covered when the launchers are loaded to prevent sand from
accumulating in the bottom of the tubes. Accumulation of sand could prevent proper
loading of grenades.
2. Clean tubes, especially the firing pins, to be sure the pins are free of oil.
Oil-covered pins could become coated with sand, preventing proper electrical contact
and launching of grenades.
3. Check the drain holes of the launcher to be sure they are not clogged, so
that burst distance is not affected.
4. Do not remove and reload grenades unless cleaning of the grenades and
smoke launchers can be accomplished.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
c. Stinger Missile Launcher. In sand and dust environment, if all four
missiles are not loaded in launcher, install dust caps (M6 Linebacker).
d. Turret Operation In Extreme Heat.
CAUTION
Turret electrical motors may overheat when operating in conditions of
extreme heat. If DRIVE MALF annunciator light comes on, shut down
turret electrical systems. Let systems cool for at least 3 minutes before
recycling power to turret.
1. Keep ballistic sight cover doors closed when Integrated Sight Unit/Target
Acquisition Subsystem (ISU/TAS) (A3) is not in use (A0, A2, A2ODS, M6 Linebacker,
M7 BFIST).
2. Keep Commander’s View Unit (CVU) stowed when not in use (A3).
3. Keep rubber caps on commander’s and gunner’s eyepieces when ISU is
not in use.
WARNING
Looking at the sun through ISU may cause blindness. Do not look at
sun through ISU.
Glare can harm your eyes. Set sensor switch on ISU to neutral position
when using ISU on bright, sunny days.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
4. Check position of sun through ISU unity window before using ISU.
5. Set sensor Select switch to neutral position when using ISU on bright
sunny days (A0, A2, A2ODS, M6 Linebacker, M7 BFIST).
CAUTION
Tube-launched Optically tracked (TOW) missile may miss target if fired
when temperatures are above 125°F (52°C).
TOW missile may miss target if target cannot be seen or tracked
through ISU/TAS (A3) (A0, A2, A2ODS).
6. Fire TOW missile only when temperature is less than 125°F (52°C) and
target can be seen or tracked through ISU.
CAUTION
TOW missile may be damaged if electrical connectors get wet when
TOW launcher is unloaded. Install covers on electrical connectors after
unloading TOW launcher so that connectors do not get wet.
7. Replace electrical connector cover after unloading TOW launcher (A0, A2,
A2ODS, A3).
8. Simplified Hand-held Test Unit (SHTU) may not operate in temperatures
above 125 °F (M6 Linebacker).
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
CAUTION
Stinger missile may be damaged if automate connectors get wet when
launcher is unloaded. Install covers on automate connectors after
unloading launcher so that connectors do not get wet.
9. Replace automate connector cover after unloading launcher. See
TM 9-2350-361-10-2 (M6 Linebacker).
e. Activating Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) System (A0, A2,
A2ODS, A3, M6 Linebacker, M7 BFIST).
WARNING
Engine exhaust fumes can poison you. Do not use your NBC mask for
protection against fumes. The NBC filter will not protect you against
exhaust poisoning.
NOTE
Unless otherwise stated, the following procedures apply to both the
commander and the gunner.
1. Commander should tell the driver to activate the NBC System (see
TM 9-2350-252-10-2, TM 9-2350-284-10-2, TM 9-2350-284-10-2-1,
TM 9-2350-294-10-2, TM 9-2350-361-10-2, or TM 9-2350-297-10-2).
3-59
TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. Remove the microphone plug from the Combat Vehicle Crewman (CVC)
helmets.
3. Unstow protective mask from protective mask carrier.
4. Put on and adjust protective mask.
5. Insert protective mask connector plug into CVC helmet at microphone
jack. Remove the microphone plug from the CVC helmet.
6. Put on CVC helmet.
7. Feel air coming out of air outlet hose.
8. Install air outlet hose on protective mask carrier by first removing air outlet
hose from clip and then installing air outlet hose on protective mask carrier.
f. Deactivating NBC System (A0, A2, A2, A2ODS, A3, M6 Linebacker, M7
BFIST).
NOTE
Unless otherwise stated, the following procedures apply to both the
commander and the gunner.
1. The commander should tell the driver to deactivate the NBC system (see
TM 9-2350-252-10-2, TM 9-2350-284-10-2, TM 9-2350-284-10-2-1,
TM 9-2350-294-10-2, TM 9-2350-361-10-2, or TM 9-2350-297-10-2).
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. Remove the air outlet hose from protective mask carrier and install the air
outlet hose at the quick disconnect and on the clip.
3. Remove the CVC helmet.
4. Remove the protective mask connector plug from the CVC helmet at the
microphone jack.
5. Remove the protective mask.
6. Stow the protective mask in the protective mask carrier.
7. Install the microphone plug on the CVC helmet and put on the CVC
helmet.
g. Emergency Access to a Turned Turret.
WARNING
If you enter the turret with turret power on, you may be injured or
killed. Do not enter the turret while turret power is on. Keep turret
shield door closed and latched while turret power is on.
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Figure 3-9. BFV Emergency Release Cable

1. Open the turret shield door by pushing the outside turret shield door latch
down and sliding turret shield door open.
2. Check that outside turret shield door latch locks the turret shield door
open.
3. Pull hard and quick on emergency release cable to release commander’s
hatch cover (fig. 3-9).
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-27. M88A2 Recovery Vehicle.
WARNING
Vehicle operation in hot weather can increase the risk of heat stress to
crew members. Follow individual preventive medicine measures in FM
21-10 to reduce the risk of heat stress in armored vehicles.
a. General Information. The vehicle may overheat during long, hard towing
operations in high gear or when driving at high speed. Check temperature gauges
and warning lights often. Stop vehicle to cool off when practical. Keep ventilating
blower on during operation. Inspect the air cleaners and oil coolers often. Clean off
dust, insects, or debris from oil coolers by brushing off screens or flushing with low
pressure water. Have unit maintenance add tropical electrolyte to batteries.
b. Operation of Hydraulic System. In hot weather and during continuous
operation the hydraulic system may generate more heat than can be removed by the
hydraulic oil coolers with an engine speed of 1800 rpm. If the hydraulic reservoir
temperature gauge reads 160° F or higher, increase the engine speed to 2000 rpm. If
the MAX OIL TEMP EXCEEDED indicator comes on [225° F (107° C)], see
troubleshooting procedures.
c. Vision Devices. Check the periscopes for fungus growth on the lenses and
clean if any is present. If paint is chipped, touch up immediately to prevent rusting.
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3-28. Light Armored Vehicle (LAV) Perform the maintenance procedures identified
below to ensure reliable M242 25mm chain gun operation in a severe sand and dust
environment.
a. Limit burst length to 20 seconds to avoid overheating the gun barrel.
b. Keep the muzzle brake plug installed at all times. One wrap of tape may be
used to cover the muzzle brake vent holes and secure the plug. The plug can be shot
out of the muzzle.
c. Do not apply lubricant to the external surfaces of the feeder or receiver
assemblies.
d. Keep the gun bag zipped up during vehicle operation or when hatches are
open.
e. The lower HE link eject chute should be removed and wiped clean daily. Do
not use cleaners and lubricants.
f. Clean link stripper grooves daily. Use a dry rifle bore cleaning patch to clean
all four of the stripper grooves. Do not use cleaners or lubricants.
g. Lightly tape the vehicle cartridge case eject port closed. On vehicles with a
case eject port flapper, use tape sparingly to improve flapper seal.
h. Clean and inspect bolt and track assembly daily if the vehicle is operated in a
blowing dust environment.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
3-29. Assault Amphibious Vehicle (AAVP7A1) (Marine Corps Only).
a. M2 Cal .50 Machine Gun.
1. Lightly lubricate internal working parts. Wipe lubricants from exposed
surfaces.
2. Inspect and clean daily. Keep weapon covered when possible.
3. If weapon stops firing, apply Immediate Action Procedures (IAP).
b. Weapon Station.
1. Cover the turret with tarpaulin, if available, when vehicle is not in use.
2. Daily inspect and clean magazine and feed chute (MK19 only) (see para
3-7).
3. Daily inspect and clean the outside turret ring area.
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3-30. M707 Knight (Striker) Vehicle.
WARNING
Work and rest in shade when possible. Follow instructions in FM 21-11.
NOTE
Mold, mildew, and fungus grow very quickly in hot, humid weather. Keep all
glass, rubber, and leather surfaces clean and dry.
a. Keep lens covers installed except during actual operations.
b. If mission will allow, do the following:
1. Position vehicle out from sun and in shady area.
2. Place camouflage netting over vehicle to reduce heat from sun.
c. If in dismount mode, use camouflage netting, brush, or tree limbs to shade unit
from sun.
d. Refer to TM 9-2320-280-10 for operating vehicle in extreme heat.
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Section VIII. TANKS
3-31. General.
WARNING
Work and rest in shade when possible. Follow instructions in FM 21-11.
If the optical surfaces of the fire extinguisher system sensors are
covered with dust, the system may not function properly. Clean these
surfaces at least every 4 hours in extremely dusty/sandy conditions.
Gun barrels must be kept covered. Sand, dust, or mud-clogged gun
barrels can lead to explosion within the gun, causing injury or death to
any exposed individuals.
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WARNING
Avoid expended DU rounds and damaged vehicles or tanks. DU is
primarily an internal health concern if it is breathed in. It is not an
immediate health concern if it remains outside the body. It is important
to protect yourself in a DU environment and avoid inhalation, ingestion
or injection of DU particulates or oxides. You can limit or even
eliminate the potential of taking DU into your body by rolling down
sleeves, blousing your boots and using respiratory protection when in
any immediate area where armor impact involving DU or fires involving
DU munitions may have occurred. Remain upwind of the area as much
as possible and use appropriate respiratory protection where possible
to filter out any DU dust. If it is necessary to approach the area, limit
your time in the immediate area, dust off clothing upon leaving before
removing your respiratory protection, and take care to wash all
exposed areas of skin as soon as possible. Dispose of contaminated
clothing in accordance with AR 11-9.
3-68
TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
For M1A1 and M1A2 tanks, or any other tanks or vehicles, that have
been hit in combat by DU munitions or burned while M829 DU rounds
were uploaded, or damaged in accidents refer to TB 9-1300-278,
“Guidelines for Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and
Transportation Accidents involving Army Tank Munitions or Armor that
Contains Depleted Uranium.” To recover any vehicles that have been
hit in combat involving DU armor and/or DU munitions or burned with
DU rounds uploaded, contact your chain of command in accordance
with AR 700-48.
CAUTION
Dust mixed with oil makes an abrasive mixture that can damage
weapons severely. In extreme conditions, it may be necessary to
operate weapons with no lubrication on external surfaces, as damage
to weapon will be less than that caused by the dust and oil mixture.
NOTE
Check replenisher on recoil system for adequate oil. Firing at increased
ambient and gun temperatures can cause premature seal wear and
excessive leakage.
3-69
TB 9-1000-262-DT
NOTE
For 105mm ammunition fired at ambient temperatures above 105°F
(40.6°C), double the Equivalent Full Charge (EFC) factor for each round. For
120mm ammunition, the EFC factor is 1.0 for all rounds,
a. Make sure tank hatches and covers are closed when tank is not in use.
b. Cover tank with tarpaulin cover when tank is not in use.
c. Keep main gun elevation cylinder shaft wiped clean of sand and dust during
operation.
d. Keep main gun muzzle cover on and breechblock closed when the tactical
situation permits.
e. Breech operating cam should be set as slow as practical, consistent with
proper case base extraction.
f. M239/M250 Grenade Launchers.
1. Keep tubes covered when the launchers are loaded to prevent sand from
accumulating in the bottom of the tubes. Accumulation of sand could prevent proper
loading of grenades.
2. Clean tubes, especially the firing pin, to be sure the pins are free of oil.
Oil-covered pins could become coated with sand, preventing proper electrical contact
and launching of grenades.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
3. Check the drain holes of the Iauncher to be sure they are not clogged, so
that burst distance is not affected.
4. Do not remove and reload grenades unless cleaning of the grenades and
smoke launchers can be accomplished.
3-32. M1A1/M1A2 Tank.
M1A1/M1A2 TANK OCCUPANCY TIMES
WARNING
There is no radiation exposure to personnel within the turret crew
compartment either from stowed DU tank rounds or from DU armor in
M1A1/M1A2 tanks because of the vehicle’s interior design, shielding,
and stowage location of the DU tank rounds. The driver of such
vehicles can be exposed to a low level of radiation from either
overhead DU armor or from stowed rounds in the bustle rack
depending on the position of the tank barrel, if the driver’s hatch is not
closed. However, this radiation level is low and considered safe, even
during wartime. The DU armor is located in the front portion of the
turret with exposure to low levels of radiation possible if in direct
contact with the top, front or frontal side surfaces of the turret.
3-71
TB 9-1000-262-DT
120MM TANK BARRELS
WARNING
Normal firings of 120mm depleted uranium (DU) tank rounds do cause
radioactive contamination of the interior of those tank barrels. The
level of DU contamination at accessible interior surfaces of those
barrels is very low and is considered safe. However, as a safe
measure, you should wear gloves, if you must handle the muzzle
opening or bore evacuator. A radiation safety officer should check
worn out gun tubes with a PDR-77 or VDR-2 (with beta shield open).
Worn out gun barrels that are found contaminated should be marked
as radioactive waste. Tank barrels can be field cleaned, even if found
to be radioactively contaminated. Follow barrel field cleaning
procedures found in TM 9-2350-264-10-2 for the M1A1 or TM 9-2350-
288-10-2 for the M1A2 120mm barrels.
If battle conditions warrant, collect and turn in generated waste as
directed, such as rags and cleaning fluid for low level radioactive
waste disposition. Mop up all excess cleaning fluid with rags, and
double-bag all trash, including gloves. Be sure the tag lists:
CONTENTS (gloves, rags, towels, etc). ISOTOPE (depleted uranium).
Barrels found to be no longer useable, which have fired DU rounds,
should be so annotated at time of turn-in. Contact your local radiation
protection officer (RPO) for disposal instructions.
3-72
TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
Only fire M900 KE rounds from M68A1 cannons with breechblock serial
numbers greater than 4803. Disregard initial delivery container
marking, "Not for use in breechblock below serial number 6000."
Incorrect application could result in injury or death.
a. Update ammunition temperature often, especially in the morning and after
sunset, to avoid adverse effects on the tank’s computer ballistic solutions.
b. Keep weapons clean and use a minimum of lubrication.
c. To prevent clogging of gun barrels, keep muzzles covered with thin material
that can be fired through without risk of explosion.
3-73
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Figure 3-10. M1A1/M1A2 Turret Ammo Door Maintenance

d. Do not leave weapons or main gun tube wet with CLP after cleaning. Sand and
grit build-up increases the probability of misfires.
e. Inspect and maintain turret ready and stowage ammunition doors (see fig.
3-10).
1. Inspect rails (4) of ready ammunition door (2) and stowage ammunition
door (3). Check for dirt and other debris collected in the rails (4). Clean rails only with
water-dampened, clean rags. If rails are damaged, notify organizational maintenance.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
2. Open ready and stowage ammunition doors manually for inspection.
Inspect seals (1) around ready ammunition door (2) and stowage ammunition door (3)
for damage after operation in dust or sand. If seals (1) are damaged, notify
organizational maintenance.
3. Notify organizational maintenance to lubricate seals (1) and rails (4) of
ready ammunition door (2) and stowage ammunition door (3). Lubricate upper and
lower rollers (5) and latching mechanism (6).
3-33. Bridge Erection Boat.
a. Operation in Extreme Heat.
1. Keep engine coolant at recommended level.
2. Do not fill the fuel tank above full mark on dipstick. Allow room for
expansion of fuel.
3. Increase battery PMCS. Distilled water or a good grade drinking water
(excluding mineral waters) may be used to bring electrolytes to proper levels.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
b. Contamination and Corrosion in Electrical Connectors.
CAUTION
Disassembly and inspection of equipment returning from Europe and
Southwest Asia indicates that prolonged exposure to high heat,
extreme cold or salt water results in premature breakdown and
corrosion in electrical connectors particularly behind the main
instrument panel, at the junction boxes, main mast connectors and in
the engine compartment. If left uncorrected, electrical system
performance will deteriorate with increasing component failures and
wiring harness problems. Frequent inspection, cleaning and
preservation of connectors, pins and insulators along with associated
wiring will correct these problems.
1. During the next scheduled service or maintenance activity, thoroughly
inspect all of the following wiring harnesses and connectors for contamination (sand,
ice, water) and corrosion (dry rotting, mildew, fungus, rust):
(a) Main mast at base and side junction box
(b) Engine wiring harness screened control box
(c) Both junction boxes (under instrument panel)
(d) Instrument panel
(e) Searchlight connector(s)
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
(f) Master switch and battery connectors
2. Disconnect connector(s) and brush away sand or other contamination.
C O N N E C T O R B O D Y
P IN S
S O C K E T S
3. Remove moisture/water/ice by wiping or drying.

4. Remove corrosion with pencil eraser, taking care not to damage pins or
pushing them into connector body.
5. Remove mildew and other corrosion with wire brush or crocus cloth,
replace if necessary.
6. Use a vacuum cleaner (if available) or compressed air to remove residual
dust, grit particles from connectors.
3-77
TB 9-1000-262-DT
W A R N IN G
Wear appropriate safety equipment (goggles, face shield, gloves, respirator)

when using compressed air.
c. Other Unusual Environment/Weather Conditions. For other unusual
environment/weather conditions, refer to TM 5-2940-277-10.
3-34. Bridge Erection Boat Cradle. For operations under unusual conditions, refer
to TM 5-2090-202-12&P.
3-35. Medium Girder Bridge. For operations under unusual conditions, refer to
TM 5-5420-212-10-1.
3-36. Improved Floating Bridge.
a. Operation of Bridge in Hot and Dry Conditions.
1. Follow all procedures for operation during normal conditions and the
following special instructions:
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
(a) Check fluid and coolant levels frequently for proper levels.
(b) Check filter frequently for contamination.
(c) Keep moving parts clean and well lubricated.
(d) Avoid excessive handling of metallic surfaces.
(e) Vent bilges periodically.
(f) Remove buildup of sand or debris from working surfaces.
b. Other Unusual Environment/Weather Conditions. For other unusual
environment/weather conditions, refer to TM 5-5420-209-12.
3-37. Improved Ribbon Bridge.
a. Operation in Extreme Heat or Dry Conditions.
1. Follow all procedures for normal conditions and the following special
instructions:
(a) Check fluid levels more frequently.
(b) Keep moving parts clean and well lubricated.
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Section IX. AIR DEFENSE
3-38. General.
a. Minimize exposure of fire control system to direct sun rays as much as
possible.
b. Keep the sun off ammo with tarps or camouflage nets (see chap. 2). Pay
particular attention to headspace requirements to allow airflow between the tarp/net
and ammunition.
c. Park under shelter or use raised tarps or camouflage nets if available.
d. Inspect and clean the cannon on a daily basis and before and after each use.
e. Perform battery maintenance daily.
f. Lubricate turret bearing completely to force out lubricants contaminated by
sand or dust.
g. Make sure only a thin film of oil is on breech bolt assemblies before operating
cannon.
h. Apply only a thin film of lubricant; do not overlubricate the cannon and feed
system. Remove excess lubricant.
3-80
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Section X. AIRCRAFT ARMAMENT
3-39. Rocket Launchers.
a. Rocket Pods.
1. Use environmental covers.
2. If pods are not covered, clean more frequently.
3. Use relief valves installed in peculiar ground support equipment to release
heat-induced pressure build-up.
4. Do not overlubricate.
3-40. Apache.
a. Protect the M230 Gun and Target Acquisition and Designation Sight/Pilot’s
Night Vision Sensor (TADS/PNVS) from sand and dust by keeping them covered
when the aircraft is on the ground. At an absolute minimum, ensure that the M230
muzzle cover is in place. Use the gun bag if available.
b. Minimize the amount of grease applied to the ammunition handling system
chutes and rails, and to the M230’s chain. Excess grease will trap blowing sand and
dust and degrade system operation. Even with minimal grease applied, it will be
necessary to periodically wipe the system down to remove dust laden grease and
reapply a light, fresh coat.
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TB 9-1000-262-DT
c. Depending upon the environmental conditions in your area of operations, it
may be necessary to increase your preventive maintenance checks and services by
decreasing the time interval between services. Time interval reductions will vary with
your unit’s particular situation.
3-41. Blackhawk XM144 Armament Subsystem (M60D Gun). Stow the weapon
inside the aircraft during non-operational periods and whenever practical.
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APPENDIX A. REFERENCES
A-1. General. This appendix lists all technical manuals and forms referenced in this
manual.
AR 11-9............................. The Army Radiation Safety Program
AR 700-22......................... Worldwide Ammunition Reporting System
AR 700-48......................... Management of Equipment Contaminated with Depleted
Uranium or Radioactive Commodities
AR 75-1............................. Malfunctions Involving Ammunition and Explosives
DA Form 2028 .................. Recommended Changes To Publications and Blank
Forms
DA Form 2415 .................. Ammunition Condition Report
DA Pam 738-750 .............. The Army Maintenance Management System
FM 21-11 .......................... First Aid for Soldiers
FM 9-13 ............................ Ammunition Handling
SB 742-1........................... Ammunition Surveillance Procedures
SC 5180-95-B29 ............... Shop Equipment, Instrument and Fire Control System
Repair: Field Maintenance
A-1
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TB 43-0221-1 and 2 .......... Delayed Desert Damage
TB 43-0239 ....................... Maintenance in the Desert
TB 9-1300-278.................. Guidelines for Safe Response to Handling, Storage, and
Transportation Accidents Involving Army Tank Munitions
or Armor that Contains Depleted Uranium
TM 5-1940-277-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Aluminum Hull Twin Jet Bridge
Erection Boat, Models USCSBMK1 and USCSBMK2
TM 5-2090-202-12&P ....... Operator’s and Unit Maintenance Manual (Including
Repair Parts and Special Tools List) for Aluminum Hull
Twin Jet Bridge Erection Boat Cradle
TM 5-5420-212-10-1 ......... Operator’s Manual for Medium Girder Bridge Including
Bridge Set, Bridge Erection Set, Link Reinforcement Set
TM 5-5420-209-12 ............ Operator’s and Unit Maintenance Manual for Improved
Float Bridge (Ribbon Bridge) Consisting of: Transporter
CONDEC Model 2280, CONDEC Model 2305, PACAR
Model 9999, Southwest Model Rbt 2282, Interior Bay
CONDEC Model 2282, CONDEC Model 2307, Space
Model 66981, Ramp Bay CONDEC Model 2281,
CONDEC Model 2306, Space Model 6698R
A-2
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TM 9-1000-202-14 ............ Evaluation of Cannon Tubes
TM 9-1005-201-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Machine Gun, 5.56MM, M249
TM 9-1005-201-23& P ...... Organizational and Direct Support Maintenance Manual
(Including Repair Parts and Special Tools List) for
Machine Gun: 5.56MM, M249
TM 9-1005-210-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Machine Gun, 5.56mm, M249
W/Equipment
TM 9-1005-213-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Machine Gun, .50 Cal, Browning,
M2
TM 9-1005-224-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Machine Gun, 7.62-MM, M60 W/E
and Machine Gun, 7.62-MM, M60D W/E
TM 9-1005-306-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for 7.62mm M24 Sniper Weapon
System (SWS)
TM 9-1005-313-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Machine Gun, 7.62mm, M240
Series
TM 9-1005-317-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Pistol, Semiautomatic, 9mm, M9
TM 9-1005-319-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for M16 Rifle Series and M4 Carbine
Series
A-3
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TM 9-1005-325-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Pistol, Compact, 9mm, M11; Pistol,
Compact, 9mm, M11 With Tritium Sights
TM 9-1010-221-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Grenade Launcher, 40-MM: M203;
Grenade Launcher, 40-MM: M203A1
TM 9-1010-230-10 ............ Operator’s Manual and Components List for Machine Gun,
40-MM, MK19 Mod 3
TM 9-1010-230-23& P ...... Organizational and Intermediate Direct Maintenance
Manual with Repair Parts and Special Tools List for
Machine Gun, 40-MM, MK19 Mod 3
TM 9-1015-215-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for 4.2-inch Mortar, M30
TM 9-1015-234-20 ............ Organizational Maintenance Manual for Howitzer, Light,
Towed: 105mm, M102
TM 9-1015-234-34 ............ Direct and General Support Maintenance Manual for
Howitzer, Light, Towed: 105mm, M102
TM 9-1015-252-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Howitzer, Light, Towed: 105mm,
M119A1
A-4
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TM 9-1015-252-20&P ....... Organizational Maintenance Manual (Including Repair
Parts and Special Tools List) for Howitzer, Light, Towed,
155mm, M119A1
TM 9-1025-211-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Howitzer, Medium, Towed: 155mm,
M198
TM 9-1090-208-23-1-1...... Aviation Unit and Intermediate Maintenance Manual for
and 1-2 .......................... Armament Subsystem, Helicopter, M139; Gun, Automatic,
30-MM, M230; Rocket Management Subsystem,
Inventory-Deployment: M140 (Used on AH-64A
Helicopter)
TM 9-1300-206 ................. Ammunition and Explosives Standards
TM 9-1315-886-12 ............ Operator’s and Unit Maintenance Manual, Launcher and
Cartridge, 84 Millimeter:
M136 (AT4)
TM 9-2320-280-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Truck, Utility: Armament Carrier,
Armored, 1 1/4 Ton, 4 x 4, M1025A2
TM 9-2340-284-10-1 ......... Operator’s Manual for High Survivability Fighting Vehicle,
Infantry M2A2 and Fighting Vehicle, Cavalry, M3A2, Hull
TM 9-2350-252-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for Fighting Vehicle, Infantry M2, M2A1
and Fighting Vehicle, Calvalry M3, M3A1 Turret
A-5
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TM 9-2350-264-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for Operation Under Usual and
Unusual Conditions for Tank, Combat, Full-Tracked: 120-
MM Gun, M1A1, General Abrams; Vol 2 of 2
TM 9-2350-284-10-1-1...... Operator’s Manual for High Survivability Fighting Vehicle,
Infantry, Operation Desert Storm M2A2ODS, and Fighting
Vehicle, Cavalry, Operation Desert Storm M3A2ODS Hull
TM 9-2350-284-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for High Survivability, Fighting Vehicle
Infantry M2A2 and Fighting Vehicle, Cavalry, M3A2 Turret
TM 9-2350-284-10-2-1...... Operator’s Manual for High Survivability Fighting Vehicle,
Infantry, Operation Desert Storm M2A2ODS and Fighting
Vehicle, Cavalry, Operation Desert Storm M3A2ODS,
Turret
TM 9-2350-288-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for Operations Under Usual and
Unusual Conditions for Tank, Combat, Full-Tracked:
120-MM Gun, M1A2, General Abrams, Vol 2 of 2
TM 9-2350-294-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for Fighting Vehicle, Infantry M2A3 and
Fighting Vehicle, Cavalry M3A3, Turret
TM 9-2350-297-10-2 ......... Operator’s Manual for Bradley Fire Support Vehicle, M7,
Turret
A-6
TB 9-1000-262-DT
TM 9-2350-361-10-2-1...... Operator’s Manual for Carrier, Personnel, Full-Tracked Air
Defense: Bradley Linebacker, M6, Turret
TM 9-2350-362-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Striker Fire Support Vehicle, M707
TM 9-2350-311-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Howitzer, Medium, Self-Propelled,
155-MM M109A2 and 155-MM M109A3, 155-mm M109A4
and 155-mm M109A5
TM 9-2350-314-10 ............ Operator’s Manual for Howitzer, Medium, Self-Propelled,
155 mm, M109A6
TM 9-6140-200-14 ........... Operator’s, Organizational, Direct Support, and General
Support Maintenance Manual for Lead-Acid Storage
Batteries: 4HN, 14 Volt, MS75047-1; 2HN, 12 Volt,
MS35000-1; 6TN, 12 Volt, MS35000-3
TM 43-0001-28 ................ Army Ammunition Data Sheets for Artillery Ammunition:
Guns, Howitzers, Mortars, Recoilless Rifles, Grenade
Launchers and Artillery Fuzes (Federal Supply Class 1305
thru 1390)
A-7/(A-8 blank)
TB 9-1000-262-DT
APPENDIX B. AMMUNITION PROJECTILE/FUZE/PROP CHARGE

CROSS REFERENCE
B-1. This appendix cross references ammunition authorized for use with the following
weapons systems:
Page
• Table B-1. Cartridge/Fuze Combinations for Mortars ............................. B-4
• Table B-2. 105 MM Artillery Ammunition Cartridges and Fuzes for
Use in Cannon, 105 MM, M1A1/M2A2/M137/M137A1/M137E1 for
Howitzer, Towed, M102 ............................................................................... B-8
• Table B-3. Cartridges and Fuzes for Howitzer, Light, Towed,
M105 MM: M119A1 ..................................................................................... B-10
• Table B-4. Authorized Projectiles for Howitzer, Light, Towed,
M105 MM: M119A1 ..................................................................................... B-21
• Table B-5. Authorized Projectile and Fuze Combinations for
Howitzer, Medium, Towed: 155 MM: M198 ................................................. B-26
• Table B-6. Authorized Projectile and Propelling Charge
Combinations for Howitzer, Medium, Towed, 155 MM, M198 ..................... B-31
B-1
TB 9-1000-262-DT
APPENDIX B. AMMUNITION PROJECTILE/FUZE/PROP CHARGE
CROSS REFERENCE (CONT)
Page
• Table B-7. Authorized Projectile and Fuze Combinations for

Howitzer, Medium, Self-Propelled, 155 MM: M109A5 and M109A6
with M284 Cannon....................................................................................... B-37
• Table B-8. Authorized Projectile and Propelling Charge
Combinations for Howitzer, Medium, Self-Propelled, 155 MM:
M109A5 and M109A6 with M284 Cannon ................................................... B-40
B-2
TB 9-1000-262-DT
This page intentionally blank
B-3
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-1. Cartridge/Fuze Combinations for Mortars
FUZE
PD MT
DODIC
CANNON
N334
N338
N308
N335
N340
N283
N248
N285
N318
(WEAPON)
NA
NA
NA
NA
W/ADAPTER
CARTRIDGE
SERIES
SERIES
SERIES
SERIES
M48A3
FUZE
M521
M524
M525
M526
M527
M557
M739
M567
M562
M585
M577
M8
60 MM: (M2, M119, M224)

HE, M720
HE, M49 SERIES X
ILLUM, M83 SERIES
SMOKE, WP, M302 X

SERIES
TP, M50A2E1, (M50A3) X
C463
81 MM: (M1, M309, M29A1)
HE, M362 SERIES X X
C477
HE, M374 SERIES X X X
ILLUM, M301 SERIES
B-4
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-1. Cartridge/Fuze Combinations for Mortars (Cont)
FUZE
DODIC
MTSQ T PROX
CANNON
N280
N282
N278
N412
N402
N463
N464
N288
MULTI-OPTION
(WEAPON)
NA
NA
CARTRIDGE
SERIES
SERIES
M65A1
M84A1
FUZE
M520
M548
M564
M513
M532
M728
M732
M734
M84,
60 MM: (M2, M119, M224) M65
HE, M720 X
HE, M49 SERIES

ILLUM, M83 SERIES X
SMOKE, WP, M302 SERIES

TP, M50A2E1, (M50A3)
81 MM: (M1, M309, M29A1)
HE, M362 SERIES X
HE, M374 SERIES X
ILLUM, M301 SERIES X
B-5
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZE
PD MT
DODIC
CANNON
N334
N338
N308
N335
N340
N283
N248
N285
N318
(WEAPON)
NA
NA
NA
NA
W/ADAPTER
CARTRIDGE
SERIES
SERIES
SERIES
SERIES
M48A3
FUZE
M521
M524
M525
M526
M527
M557
M739
M567
M562
M585
M577
M8
SMOKE, WP M57 X
SERIES
SMOKE, WP, M375 X X X
SERIES
TP, M43 SERIES X
4.2 IN (M2, M30)
CS, M630
HE, M329A2 X
HE, M329, M329A1 X
ILLUM, M335A1 X
ILLUM, M335A2 X X
SMOKE, WP, M326 X X
SERIES
X = Authorized.
P = Requires removal of supplementary charge if present.
B-6
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZE
MTSQ T PROX
DODIC
CANNON
N280
N282
N278
N412
N402
N463
N464
N288
MULTI-OPTION
(WEAPON)
NA
NA
CARTRIDGE
SERIES
SERIES
M65A1
M84A1
FUZE
M520
M548
M564
M513
M532
M728
M732
M734
M84,
M65
SMOKE, WP M57 SERIES
SMOKE, WP, M375 SERIES X

TP, M43 SERIES
4.2 IN (M2, M30)

CS, M630 X
HE, M329A2 X P X
HE, M329, M329A1 X X P P X

ILLUM, M335A1
ILLUM, M335A2
SMOKE, WP, M326 SERIES
X = Authorized.
P = Requires removal of supplementary charge if present.
B-7
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-2. 105 MM Artillery Ammunition Cartridges and Fuzes for Use in Cannon, 105 MM,
M1A1/M2A2/M137/M137A1/M137E1 for Howitzer, Towed, M102
PD MECHANICAL TIME
DODIC:
M563E2/E3/E4
M501/501A1
FUZE
M557
M739
M548
M564
M565
M767
M577
M582
N286
N276
N335
N340
N282
N278
N248
N290
N285
*
CARTRIDGE DODIC
M1, HE C445 X X X X X
M327, HEP-T C448
M314A3, ILUM C449 X X X
M444, ICM C462 X1 X1
M548, RAP C463 X X X X
M629, TAC, CS C468 X X
M60, SMK-WP C477 X X X X X
M84A1, HC C479 X X X
M546, APERS-T C513 X
M84B1, LEAFLET C450 X
M927 HERA C544 X X X X
1. (MOD) * No DODIC; not separately issued.
B-8
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-2. 105 MM Artillery Ammunition Cartridges and Fuzes for Use in Cannon, 105 MM,
M1A1/M2A2/M137/M137A1/M137E1 for Howitzer, Towed, M102 (Cont)
DODIC: PROX BD MOFA
N463
N464
M91/A1/A2
M509A1
FUZE
M728
M732
M762
M782
*
*
CARTRIDGE DODIC
M1, HE C445 X X
M327, HEP-T C448 X
M314A3, ILUM C449 X
M444, ICM C462
M548, RAP C463 X X
M629, TAC, CS C468
M60, SMK-WP C477 X
M84A1, HC C479 X
M546, APERS-T C513
M84B1, LEAFLET C450
M927 HERA C544 X X
1. (MOD) * No DODIC; not separately issued.
B-9
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-3. Cartridges and Fuzes for Howitzer, Light, Towed, M105 MM: M119A1
FUZES
PD MT
Type and Model No. Firing Limitations
M557/ M739 M78A1/MK399 M563 M565 of Cartridge
M572 Series MOD1 Series1 Series
dPICM, M915 M119A1 Howitzer only,

for Zone 8 only.
dPICM, M916 Zones 4 through 7 only.
X X X HE, M1 (Normal
Cavity)5
X X X HE, M1 (Deep Cavity)5 M513 or M728 fuzes are

not to be fired at Charge
7 except under
emergency combat
conditions.
X APERS-T, M546 Not to be fired overhead
of friendly troops.
Restricted to Charge 7 for
targets between 275 and
400 meters, firing at
Charge 6 with a fuze
setting of 0.5 seconds is
permitted.
X – As issued or comparable P – Requires removal of supplementary charge if present
B-10
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-3. Cartridges and Fuzes for Howitzer, Light, Towed, M105 MM: M119A1 (Cont)
FUZES
MTSQ BD MOFA
Type and Firing Limitations
Model No.
2 of
M501 M548 M564 M577 M582 M91 M782
Series Series Series Series Cartridge
X dPICM, M119A1 Howitzer only, for

M915 Zone 8 only.
X dPICM, Zones 4 through 7 only

M916
X X X HE, M1
(Normal
Cavity)5
X X X HE, M1 M513 or M728 fuzes are not to

(Deep be fired at Charge 7 except
Cavity)5 under emergency combat
conditions.
APERS-T, Not to be fired overhead of

M546 friendly troops. Restricted to
Charge 7 for targets between
275 and 400 meters, firing at
Charge 6 with a fuze setting of
0.5 seconds is permitted.
B-11
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES - Continued
VT ET
M513 M7284 M732 M762 M767
Series3,4 Series Series2 Series2
Type and Model Firing
No. of Cartridge Limitations
M119A1 Howitzer only,

X dPICM, M915
for Zone 8 only.
X dPICM, M916 Zones 4 through 7 only.
X X HE, M1 (Normal
Cavity)5
P3 P X X HE, M1 (Deep M513 or M728 fuzes are
Cavity) 5 not to be fired at Charge
7 except under
emergency combat
conditions.
APERS-T, M546 Not to be fired overhead
of friendly troops.
Restricted to Charge 7
for targets between 275
and 400 meters, firing at
Charge 6 with a fuze
setting of 0.5 seconds is
permitted.
B-12
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES
PD MT
Type and Model Firing Limitations
M557/ M739 M78A1/MK399 M563 M565 No. of Cartridge
Smoke, BE,
M84/M84B1
X Smoke, BE, M84A1
X X Smoke, WP, M60
Series6
X X HERA, M5485 Charge 7 authorized
rocket-on and rocket-
off modes. Charges 3,
4, 5, and 6 authorized
rocket-off only under
emergency combat
conditions.
X X Gas, H or HD, M607
X X Gas, GB, M3607
X HE, M4448
B-13
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES
MTSQ BD MOFA
Model No.
2 of
M501 M548 M564 M577 M582 M91 M782
X Smoke, BE,
M84/M84B1
X X Smoke, BE,
M84A1
X X X Smoke,
WP, M60
Series6
X X HERA, Charge 7 authorized

M5485 rocket-on and rocket-
off modes. Charges 3,
4, 5, and 6 authorized
rocket-off only under
emergency combat
conditions.
Gas H or
HD, M607
Gas, GB,
M3607
X HE, M4448
B-14
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES - Continued
VT ET
M513 M7284 M732 M762 M767
Smoke, BE,
M84/M84B1
X Smoke, BE, M84A1
Smoke, WP, M60
X
Series6
P4 X HERA, M548 5 Charge 7 authorized
rocket-on and rocket-off
modes. Charges 3,4, 5,
and 6 authorized rocket-
off only under emergency
combat conditions.
Gas, H or HD, M607
Gas, GB, M3607
HE, M4448
B-15
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES
PD MT
Type and Model No. Firing Limitations
M557/ M739 M78A1/MK399 M563 M565 of Cartridge
HEP/HEP-T, M327
ILLUM, M314,
M314A1, M314A2
X ILLUM, M314A3
TP-T, M67
X Tactical, CS, M629
X X HE, M760 M119A1 Howitzer only.
For Zone 8 only.
10
X X HERA, M913, M927 M913 for M119A1
Howitzer only. M927 Zone
7 rocket on and rocket off
only. Observe rocket
assist safety zone - 5000
meters from target area.
Do not fire overhead of
unprotected troops during
training.
B-16
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES
MTSQ BD MOFA
Model No.
2 of
M501 M548 M564 M577 M582 M91 M782
X HEP/HEP-T,
M327
X ILLUM,
M314,
M314A1,
M314A2
X X ILLUM,
M314A3
X9 TP-T, M67 .
X Tactical,
CS, M629
X X HE, M760 M119A1 Howitzer only. For

Zone 8 only.
X X HERA, M913 for M119A1 Howitzer

M913, M927 only. M927 Zone 7 rocket
on and rocket off only.
Observe rocket assist safety
zone - 5000 meters from
target area. Do not fire
overhead of unprotected
troops during training.
B-17
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES - Continued
VT ET
M513 M7284 M732 M762 M767
Type and Firing
Model Limitations
No. of
Cartridge
HEP/HEP-T,
M327
ILLUM, M314,
M314A1,
M314A2
X ILLUM,
M314A3
TP-T, M67
Tactical, CS,
M629
5
X X HE, M760 M119A1 Howitzer only.
For Zone 8 only.
B-18
TB 9-1000-262-DT
FUZES - Continued
VT ET
M513 M7284 M732 M762 M767
Series3,4 Series Series2 Series
2
X5,11 X HERA, M913, M913 for M119A1 Howitzer only.

M927 M927 Zone 7 rocket on and rocket
off only. Observe rocket assist
safety zone – 5000 meters from
target area. Do not fire overhead of
unprotected troops during training.
NOTE 1: Refer to TM 9-1015-252-10 for expected performance against MOUT targets.

NOTE 2: To set the M782 and M762/M767 series fuzes using the M1155 Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter
(PIAFS), refer to TM 9-1290-210-12&P.
NOTE 3: Do not fire M513 series fuzes outside the following temperatures: lower than 0°F. Upper limit +120°F. Use
M5 desensitizing cap on M513 series fuzes only.
NOTE 4: Rounds with M728 and M513 SER fuzes cannot be fired at Zone 7 except under emergency combat
conditions.
NOTE 5: Most HE rounds are issued without fuze.
NOTE 6: The M60A2 WP smoke round is issued without fuze.
NOTE 7: Some gas projectiles may come with the M508 PD fuze.
NOTE 8: The M444 cartridges are assembled with modified M548 MTSQ or M565 MT fuzes which incorporate an
expelling charge. Do not use standard M548 or M565 fuzes with the M444 projectiles.
NOTE 9: The M67 TP-T cartridges contain empty fuze bodies with a tracer.
NOTE 10: M557 only.
NOTE 11: Only the M732A2 fuze may be used for this combination.
B-19
TB 9-1000-262-DT
WARNING
Unauthorized assembly and use of projectiles and propelling charges
are extremely dangerous. Ensure projectiles are marked 105H and not
105G.
The weight zone markings are identified by one or more squares with or without a
triangle of the same color as the marking. Two squares indicate standard or normal
weight. Composition B loaded ammunition for the 105-mm howitzer contains an
additional zone known as 2 1/2 (□□ ∆).
B-20
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-4. Authorized Projectiles for Howitzer, Light, Towed, M105 MM: M119A1
Model Abbreviation Type Use
M546* APERS-T Flechette-loaded, aluminum projectile Antipersonnel (effective in
with MT, M563 fuze set on muzzle dense foliage)
actions (MA)
M1 and HE High explosive-bursting Antipersonnel, blast, mining
M760
M60 H/HD Bursting, chemical- mustard/distilled Antipersonnel, nonpersistent
mustard
M360 GB Bursting, chemical-sarin Antipersonnel, nonpersistent
M327 HEP/HEP-T High explosive, bursting/high explosive Defeat armor (effective
bursting tracer against concrete and timber
targets)
M314 ILLUM Base ejection projectile, parachute Illumination
M314A1 candle for use with M501/M501A1 and
M314A2 M762 fuzes only
M314A3 ILLUM Base ejection projectile, parachute Illumination
candle for use with M548, M565, and
M577 Series fuzes
M60 SMOKE, WP Bursting chemical Screening, spotting,
Series incendiary
M84A1 SMOKE, HC Base-ejection projectile with canisters for Screening/target
use with fuzes M548, M565, M577, or identification signaling
M762
M84B1 SMOKE, Base-ejection projectile canisters for use Screen/target identification
HC/colored with M501/M501A1 fuze only signaling
M444 ICM High-explosive bouncing grenades Antipersonnel
M913 HERA High-explosive bursting rocket assist Antipersonnel blast, mining
M915 dPICM High-explosive grenades Antipersonnel, light armor
B-21
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-4. Authorized Projectiles for Howitzer, Light, Towed, M105 MM: M119A1 (Cont)
Model Abbreviation Type Use
M916 dPICM High-explosive grenades Antipersonnel, light armor
M548 HERA High-explosive rocket assisted Antipersonnel, blast, mining
M629 Tactical CS Base ejection projectile with CS canisters Riot control
M927 HERA High-explosive rocket assisted Antipersonnel blast, mining
*Dispersion pattern for M546 set on MA (muzzle action) and time shown in following diagrams.
D is p e r s io n P a tte r n f o r M u z z le A c tio n ( M A ) F u z e S e ttin g fo r 1 0 5 - M M

A p e r s - T C a r tr id g e
M 5 4 6
F u z e F u n c tio n in g
M 1 1 9 A 1 fo r P a y lo a d
H o w itz e r D is c h a r g e
3 M
1 5 M 3 1 M 4 6 M 6 2 M 7 8 M 9 4 M
5 0 M
1 0 0 M
1 5 0 M
2 0 0 M
2 5 0 M
3 0 0 M
N O T E
A p p r o x im a te ly 1 6 - m e te r s in c r e a s e in a r c w id th
r e s u lts fo r e a c h a d d itio n a l 5 0 m e te r s o f r a n g e .
B-22
TB 9-1000-262-DT
D is p e r s io n P a tte r n ( R a n g e ) fo r 1 0 5 - M M A P E R S - T C a r tr id g e M 5 4 6
F u z e
F u n c tio n in g
fo r P a y lo a d N e a r E d g e
D is c h a r g e o f T a rg e t
M 1 1 9 A 1
H o w itz e r
2 4 M 4 0 M 5 5 M 7 1 M 8 7 M 1 0 3 M 1 1 9 M
5 0 M
B u ilt in F u z e 1 0 0 M
R a n g e
S ta n d o ff 1 5 0 M
o f 7 5 M
2 0 0 M
2 5 0 M
R a n g e * 3 0 0 M
R a n g e * - ra n g e to n e a r e d g e o f th e ta r g e t. F u z e s e ttin g s h o u ld b e in a c c o r -
d a n c e w ith th e r a n g e a n d fir in g ta b le in s tr u c tio n s . A b o v e p a tte r n w ill r e s u lt fo r a ll
ra n g e fir in g s fr o m 1 /2 - s e c o n d fir in g o u t to m a x im u m o f r a n g e ta b le tim e fo r th e
M 1 1 9 A 1 h o w itz e r .
N O T E
A p p r o x im a te ly 1 6 - m e te r s in c r e a s e in a r c w id th
r e s u lts fo r e a c h a d d itio n a l 5 0 m e te r s o f r a n g e .
B-23
TB 9-1000-262-DT
AUTHORIZED PROJECTILES, FUZES, AND PROPELLING
CHARGES FOR M198 155 MM MEDIUM TOWED HOWITZER
WARNING
The M728 proximity fuze shall not be used with the M203 series
propelling charge. Premature malfunction could result.
WARNING
Only those items listed are authorized. Firing of unauthorized
propelling charge, projectile, or fuze combinations can result in critical
malfunctions. Charge 1 (M3 series green bag) will not be fired in the
M199 cannon. Charge 2 (green bag charge (GB)) may be used with any
M100 series projectile, M449, M804, M804A1, and the M485 projectile;
however, stickers may occasionally be encountered. All other
projectiles except the M795 use minimum charge 3 (GB) or charge 3
(white bag charge (WB)) and above. M795 uses minimum charge 3 (GB)
or charge 4 (WB). Firing below these charges may result in stickers.
B-24
TB 9-1000-262-DT
NOTE
Listed below are the EFC ratings for the M198 155 mm medium towed
howitzer.
Zone EFC
8-S 1.000
8 0.500
7 Red 0.500
7 White 0.150
3-6 0.075
1-5 Green 0.075
M231 1 0.050
M231 2 0.150
M232 3 0.100
M232 4 0.250
M232 5 1.00
B-25
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-5. Authorized Projectile and Fuze Combinations for Howitzer, Medium,
Towed, 155 MM: M198
Fuze
PD MT MTSQ
M739 Series
M501 Series
M577 Series
M582 Series
M557/M572
PROJECTILES
MK 3997
Mod 1
M565
M564
Agent, H, HD, M110 X X X X
Agent, GB, VX, M121A11 X X
Agent, GB2, M687 X X
HERA, M549/M549A16 X X X X
HE, M107 (Normal Cavity) X X X X X
HE, M107 (Deep Cavity) X X X X X
HE, M795 X X X X
HE, M449 Series X X
HE, M483A1 X3
HE, M864 X3
B-26
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Towed, 155 MM: M198 (Cont)
Fuze
PROX ET MOFA
Series2,4
PROJECTILES
Series
Series
Series
M7287
M732
M514
M762
M767
M782
Agent, H, HD, M110 X X
Agent, GB, VX, M121A11 P X X
Agent, GB2, M687 X
HERA, M549/M549A16 X5 X X
HE, M107 (Normal Cavity) X X X
HE, M107 (Deep Cavity) P X P X X
HE, M795 X X X
HE, M449 Series X
HE, M483A1 X3
HE, M864 X3
B-27
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Towed, 155 MM: M198 (Cont)
Fuze
PD MT MTSQ
PROJECTILES
M557/M572
MK 3997
Series
Series
Series
Series
Mod 1
M739
M565
M501
M564
M577
M582
Illuminating, M485 Series X X
SMOKE, HC, Colored, BE, X
M116, M116B1
SMOKE, HC, BE, M116A1 X X
SMOKE, WP, M110 Series X X X X
SMOKE, WP, M825/M825A1 X
HE, M692/M731 (ADAM) X
AT, M718, M718A1, M741, X
M741A1 (RAAM)
PRACTICE, M804 X X X X
PRACTICE, M804A1 X X X X
HE, M898 (SADARM) X8
*Use only M577A1 fuzes (DODIC NAIO, NSN 1390-01-462-0661, Lot #HAT 90M033-011) with Projectile, M155: HE,
M898 (SADARM). M577A1 fuzes are marked "M898 SADARM Compatible."
B-28
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-5. Authorized Projectile and Fuze Combinations for Howitzer,
Medium, Towed, 155 MM: M198 (Cont)
Fuze
PROX ET MOFA
PROJECTILES
Series2,4
Series
Series
Series
M7282
M732
M514
M762
M767
M782
Illuminating, M485 Series X
SMOKE, HC, Colored, BE, M116,
M116B1
SMOKE, HC, BE, M116A1 X
SMOKE, WP, M110 Series X X
SMOKE, WP, M825/M825A1 X
HE, M692/M731 (ADAM) X
AT, M718, M718A1, M741, M741A1 X
(RAAM)
PRACTICE, M804 X X X
PRACTICE, M804A1 X X
HE, M898 (SADARM)
1
M728 and M732 fired with "VX" projectile in combat emergency only.
2
The letter P shows compatibility for proximity fuzes that require removal of the supplementary charge to
make room for the long intrusion fuze.
B-29
TB 9-1000-262-DT
3
The M483A1/M864 projectile may be used for self-registration (as a spotting round) by replacing the
expulsion charge assembly with a projectile spotting charge added to the M577 series or M762 fuzes.
4
USMC Training Use only. Firing limits 0°F to 120°F (-18°C to +49°C).
5
Only the M732A2 fuze may be used for this combination.
6
The M549/M549A2 projectile may break up upon impact with urban structures and bunkers, rendering it
ineffective penetrating at these targets.
7
Refer to the description of the MK399 MOD 1 fuze in TM 9-1015-211-10 for expected performance
against MOUT charges.
NOTE
Authorized projectile and propelling charge combinations are given in Table
B-6.
B-30
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-6. Authorized Projectile and Propelling Charge Combinations for Howitzer,
Medium, Towed, 155 MM: M198
Propelling Charge
(GB) (WB) M119A1 M203
PROJECTILES M3A1 M4A1 and and and
M4A2 M119A2 M203A1 M2318 M2328
Firing
Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Warnings
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7 7, 81 8 1 2 3 4 5
M107, HE No2 x x No x x x x x x x No x x x x No
M795, HE No No x x x No x x x x x x x x x x No
M110 agent No2 x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No M110 agent burster
(H, HD) loaded with tetrytol
cannot be stored/fired
at temperatures
exceeding +125°F
(+52°C)
M110 No2 x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No M110 (M110E1) burster
(M110E1), loaded with tetrytol
M110A1 cannot be stored/fired
(M110E2), at temperatures
M110A2 exceeding +125°F
(M110E3), (+52°C)
smoke (WP)
NOTE
PRIMER M82 is the only authorized primer to be used in the M199 cannon.
M203 series charge 8 is not equivalent to M119A1 charge 8.
B-31
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Propelling Charge
(GB) (WB) M119A1 M203
M4A2 M119A2 M203A1 M2318 M2328
Firing
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7 7, 81 8 1 2 3 4 5
Do not fire WP
projectiles known to
have been stored other
than base down. Firing
of such projectiles
could contribute to in-
bore explosions or
close-in premature
malfunctions
M116, M116B1, No2 x x x x x x x x No No No x x x x No
Smoke, BE (HC)
2
M116A1, Smoke, No x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No
BE, HC
M121A1, Agent No2 x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No
(GB or VX)
M687 agent No2 No x x x x x x x x x No No No x x No Firing below charge 3
(GB2) may result in stickers. 3
NOTE
B-32
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Table B-6. Authorized Projectile and Propelling Charge Combinations for
Howitzer, Medium, Towed, 155 MM: M198 (Cont)
Propelling Charge
(GB) (WB) M119A1 M203
M4A2 M119A2 M203A1 M2318 M2328
Firing
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7 7, 81 8 1 2 3 4 5
2
M449, M449A1, No x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No
HE, ICM
2
M483A1, HE, No No x x x x x x x x x No x x x x
No Firing below charge 3 may result in
ICM stickers.3
M864, HE, No2 No No No No No No No No x x x No No x x No Firing below charge 3 may result in
ICM, extended stickers. The M864 shall be fired to
range achieve ranges beyond the
capabilities of the M483A1
projectile or when the M483A1 is
not available.3
M485A1, No2 x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No M485A1 and M485A2 projectiles
M485A2 are not reliable when fired at
Illuminating charges 6, 7 and 8 with fuze
settings of 10 seconds or less.
M549, HERA5 No2 No No No No No No No No x x No No No x x No The M549A1 may be fired with
M203 series charge, but M549
must never be fired with M203
series charge.
NOTE
B-33
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Propelling Charge
(GB) (WB) M119A1 M203
M4A2 M119A2 M203A1 M2318 M2328 Firing
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7 7, 81 8 1 2 3 4 5
M549A1, HERA5 No2 No No No No No No No No x x x No No x x No
M692, HE (ADAM) No2 No x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No Firing below
M731, HE (ADAM) No2 No x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No charge 3
may result in
M718, M718A1, AT No2 No x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No stickers.3
(RAAMS)
M741, M741A1, AT No2 No x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No
(RAAMS)
M712, HEAT (Copper- No2 No No x x No x x x x x No x x x x No
head)
M804, M804A1 practice No2 x x x x x x x x x x No x x x x No
NOTE
B-34
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Propelling Charge
PROJECTILES (GB) (WB) M119A1 M203
M3A1 M4A1 and and and
M4A2 M119A2 M203A1 M2318 M2328
Firing
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7 7, 81 8 1 2 3 4 5
M825, (WP)6 No2 No x x x x x x x x x No No No No No No Firing below charge 3
smoke may result in stickers.
M825 projectiles are
restricted to firing below
950 mils elevation with
the M203 series charge.
Firing this combination at
elevations exceeding 950
mils may result in short
rounds. This limitation
does not apply to
M825A1 projectile.3
M825A1, (WP) No No x x x x x x x x x x x x x x No
smoke
(SADARM) HE, No No x x x x x x x x x x x x x x No Do not fire with M232
M898 (MACS) 5 and 6.7
1
M119A2 charge 7 is equivalent to M119A1 charge 8. Refer to firing tables for small differences in velocity
which affect range.
2
Charge 1 must not be fired in the M199 cannon because of stickers. Firing at charge 2 may result in stickers
occasionally.
3
For bag charges only.
B-35
TB 9-1000-262-DT
5
Do not fire the M549/M549A1 projectiles if the obturating band is missing or broken. If the band is displaced
and can be repositioned and remain in the groove, the projectile can be fired.
6
M825 projectiles (manufactured Jan 85-May 86) fired at temperatures above +110°F (43°C) (WP liquefied)
have resulted in flight instability and short rounds. This instability does not occur below +110°F (43°C) (WP
solid). This restriction does not apply to M825A1 projectile.
7
Safety testing with M232 (MACS) 5 and 6 Propelling Charges was not performed.
8
Do not load or fire M231 charges with M232 charges. Critical malfunction could result.
B-36
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Medium, Self-Propelled, 155 MM: M109A5 and M109A6 with M284 Cannon
FUZE
PD MT MTSQ PROX ET MOFA

MK 399 MOD 1
M739 Series
M577 Series
M582 Series
M732 Series
M762 Series
M767 Series
M557/M572
Series2,
2
M565
M564
M728
M514
M782
PROJECTILES
Agent, H, HD, X X X X X X
M110
Agent, GB, VX, X X P X1 X
1
M121A1
HE, RA, X X X X X5 X X
M549/M549A15
ME, M107 X X X X X X X X
(Normal Cavity)
HE, M107 (Deep X X X X X P X P X X
Cavity)
HE, M795 X X X X X X
HE, M449 Series X X X
HE, M483A1 X3 X3
Illuminating, M485 X X X
Series
SMOKE, HC, BE, X X X
M116A1
SMOKE, WP, X X X X X X
M110 Series
B-37
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Self-Propelled, 155 MM: M109A5 and M109A6 with M284 Cannon (Cont)
FUZE
PD MT MTSQ PROX ET MOFA

MK 399 MOD 1
M739 Series
M577 Series
M582 Series
M732 Series
M762 Series
M767 Series
M557/M572
Series2,
M7282
M565
M564
M514
M782
PROJECTILES
SMOKE, WP, X X
M825/M825A1
HE, M692/M731 X X
(ADAM)
AT, M718/M718A1 X X
and M741/M741A1
(RAAM)
PRACTICE, M804 X X X X X X X
PRACTICE, X X X X X X
M804A1
PROJECTILE, X
M898 (SADARM)
HE, DP, ICM, X3 X3
Extended Range
M8644
Agent, GB2, X X
w/burster M687
HE, M898 X*
(SADARM)
*
Use M577A1 Fuzes (DODIC NAIO NSN 1390-01-462-0661, lot number HAT90M033-011) with Projectile, 155mm: HE,
M898 (SADARM). M577A1 Fuzes are marked "M898 SADARM Compatible".
B-38
TB 9-1000-262-DT
This page intentionally blank
B-39
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Medium, Self-Propelled, 155 MM: M109A5 and M109A6 with M284 Cannon
Propelling Charges
PROJECTILES (Green Bag) (White Bag) M119A1
M3A1 M4A2 Charges Charge 8
Charges
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7
HE, M107 NO NO X X X X X X X X X
HE, M795 NO NO NO NO X X X X X X X
HE, M449, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
M449A1, ICM
HE, M483A1, ICM NO NO X X X X X X X X X
HE, M692, M731 NO NO X X X X X X X X X
AT, M718, M718A1 NO NO X X X X X X X X X
AT, M741, M741A1
ILLUMINATING, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
M485A1, M485A2
Agent H, HD, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
M110
SMOKE, WP, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
M110 Series
HE, DP, ICM, NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO X X
EXTENDED
RANGE M864
Agent, GB2, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
w/BURSTER,
M687
B-40
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Medium, Self-Propelled, 155 MM: M109A5 and M109A6 with M284 Cannon (Cont)
Propelling Charges
PROJECTILES M119A2 M203 M2314 M2324 Charges
(Red Charge Charge
Bag) 8 FIRING
Charge ******* LIMITATIONS
7 *** and
M203A1 1 2 3 4 5
HE, M107 X NO X X X X NO
HE, M795 X X X X X X X
HE, M449, M449A1, ICM X NO X X X X NO
HE, M483A1, ICM X NO X X X X NO
HE, M692, M731 X NO X X X X NO
AT, M718, M718A1 AT, X NO X X X X NO
M741, M741A1
ILLUMINATING, M485A1, X NO X X X X NO M485A1/A2 projectiles
M485A2 are not reliable when fired
at charges 6, 7, and 8
with fuze settings of 10
seconds or less.
Agent H, HD, M110 X NO X X X X NO M110 agent burster
loaded with tetrylol cannot
be stored or fired at
temperatures exceeding
+125°F (+52°C).
SMOKE, WP, M110 Series X NO X X X X NO
HE, DP, ICM, EXTENDED X X NO NO X X X
RANGE M864
Agent, GB2, w/BURSTER, X X NO NO X X X
M687
B-41
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Propelling Charges
PROJECTILES (Green Bag) (White Bag) M119A1
M3A12 M4A2 Charges Charge 8
Charges
1 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6 7
SMOKE, BE, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
HC, M116A1
Agent, (GB or NO NO X X X X X X X X X
VX) M121A1
M825 *****
M825A1 *****
HERA, M549, NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO X X
M549A1****
HEAT, M712 NO NO NO X X NO X X X X X
(COPPERHEAD)
PRACTICE, NO NO X X X X X X X X X
M804/M804A1
Projectile, M898 NO NO X X X NO X X X X X
(SADARM)
B-42
TB 9-1000-262-DT
Propelling Charges
PROJECTILES M119A2 M2031 M2313 M2323 Charges
(Red Charge Charge
Bag) 8 FIRING
Charge ******* LIMITATIONS
7 *** and
M203A1 1 2 3 4 5
SMOKE, BE, HC, X NO X X X X NO
M116A1
Agent, (GB or VX) X NO X X X X NO
M121A1
SMOKE, WP, M825 ***** X NO NO NO NO NO NO
SMOKE, WP, M825A1 X YES X X X X X
*****
HERA, M549, X X NO NO X X X Rocket on firing only.
M549A1****
HEAT, M712 X NO NO X X X NO
(COPPERHEAD)
PRACTICE, X NO X X X X NO
M804/M804A1
Projectile, M898 X X X X X X X M577A1 fuze must be
(SADARM) marked "M898
SADARM Compatible.
NOTE
*Primer M82 is the only authorized primer to be used in the M284 cannon.
***The M119A2 charge 7 (Red Bag) is equivalent to the M119A1 charge 8.
Refer to firing tables for small differences in velocity which affect range.
B-43
TB 9-1000-262-DT
****Do not fire the M549/M549A1/M825/M825A1/M864/M795 projectiles if

the obturating band is missing or broken. If the band is displaced and can
be repositioned and remain in the groove, the projectile can be fired. The
M549A1 projectile may be fired with the M203 charge and M232 charge 5,
but the M549 must never be fired with the M203 charge or M232 charge 5.
*****M825 projectiles (manufactured Jan 85 – May 86) fired at temperatures
above 110°F (43°C) (WP liquified) have resulted in flight instability and short
rounds. This instability does not occur below 110°F (43°C) (WP solid). This
restriction does not apply to M825A1 projectile.
******M203 charge 8 is not equivalent to M119A1 charge 8.
M232 charge 5 is equivalent to M203 series charge 8.
1
The M864 will be fired with the M203 series to achieve ranges beyond the capabilities of the M483A1 projectile or when
the M483A1 is not available. M203 series charge is not equivalent to M119A1 charge 8.
2
Do not fire charges 1 and 2, green bag, M3A1. The fire control solution to fire these charges is not available in the
M109A6 howitzer.
3
Do not load or fire M231 charges with M232 charges. Critical malfunction could result.
B-44
By Order of the Secretary of the Army:
ERIC K. SHINSEKI
General, United States Army
Chief of Staff
0308306
DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with the initial distribution

number (IDN) 990003 requirements for TB 9-1000-262-DT
AMMUNITION DO’S/DON’TS FOR ODT CONDITIONS
• DO cover ammo with light-colored tarp and keep min. 18 in. airspace.
• DO keep a minimum of 3 inches under/between pallets.
• DO wear gloves. Olive drab containers are hot from the sun.
• DO check unfuzed HE (TNT/Comp B) projectiles for exudation of explosive material into
the fuze thread area. DO NOT use projectiles with explosive material in the fuze threads.
• DO store/transport WP rounds base down/vertical and keep stored under 125°F.
• DO report possible ammunition damage to 1) ammunition storage personnel, 2) QASAS,
3) EOD, or 4) LAR.
• DON’T place tarps directly on stacked ammo.
• DON’T allow blown sand to accumulate under or between pallets.
• DON’T close doors on armored vehicles or MILVANS storing ammo.
• DON’T stack boxed ammo higher than your head or on pallets over 3 high.
• DON’T store ammo in direct sunlight.
• DON’T cut pallet banding or open boxes until ammo is needed.
PIN: 077008-000

TB 9-1000-262-DT

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TECHNICAL BULLETIN TB 9-1000-262-DT

Operation Desert Thunder *Supersedes copies dated 1 August 1998.

HQ, Department of the Army

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES

Original.................................. 0 ............................................. 20 May 2003

TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES IN THIS PUBLICATION IS 184, CONSISTING

Page *Change Page *Change

OPERATION DESERT THUNDER

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION

TYPE OF BULLET TIP

2-3. 7.62MM Ammunition.

2-7. MK19, 40MM Grenade Machine Gun (GMG).

The 25mm, M919, the 105mm,

Figure 2-1. MILVAN Tarping (1 of 2).

Figure 2-1. MILVAN Tarping (2 of 2).

Figure 2-2. Clearance Requirements.

Section IX. CONSTRUCTION OF AMMUNITION STORAGE

Figure 2-3. Aerial View of 8-Cell Module Storage Plan

Figure 2-4. Cross Section of 8-Cell Module Storage Plan

Figure 3-1. Fabricated Parts Carrier

Figure 3-2. Tape/Cover Fittings, Hoses, Inlets, and Outlets

Figure 3-3. Direct Support Electronic System Test Set

L A W - W e a p o n s lu b r ic a tin g o il, a r tic .

3-6. Machine Guns (5.56MM to Cal .50).

Figure 3-4. Ammunition on Feed Tray

Figure 3-5. Spacer Fabrication

3. Replace Wheel Assembly.

Figure 3-6. Hub and Spindle Assembly

Figure 3-7. Spindle and Brake Assembly

Figure 3-8. Spacer Installation

Figure 3-9. BFV Emergency Release Cable

Figure 3-10. M1A1/M1A2 Turret Ammo Door Maintenance

3. Remove moisture/water/ice by wiping or drying.

Wear appropriate safety equipment (goggles, face shield, gloves, respirator)

APPENDIX B. AMMUNITION PROJECTILE/FUZE/PROP CHARGE

• Table B-7. Authorized Projectile and Fuze Combinations for

This page intentionally blank

60 MM: (M2, M119, M224)

ILLUM, M83 SERIES

SMOKE, WP, M302 X

ILLUM, M301 SERIES

HE, M49 SERIES

SMOKE, WP, M302 SERIES

HE, M374 SERIES X

ILLUM, M301 SERIES X

SMOKE, WP M57 SERIES

SMOKE, WP, M375 SERIES X

4.2 IN (M2, M30)

HE, M329, M329A1 X X P P X

SMOKE, WP, M326 SERIES

DODIC: PROX BD MOFA

dPICM, M915 M119A1 Howitzer only,

X X X HE, M1 (Deep Cavity)5 M513 or M728 fuzes are

X dPICM, M119A1 Howitzer only, for

X dPICM, Zones 4 through 7 only

X X X HE, M1 M513 or M728 fuzes are not to

APERS-T, Not to be fired overhead of

M119A1 Howitzer only,

X X Gas, GB, M3607

X X HERA, Charge 7 authorized

X X HE, M760 M119A1 Howitzer only. For

X X HERA, M913 for M119A1 Howitzer

X – As issued or comparable P – Requires removal of supplementary charge if present

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