Los Angeles Trade Technology College

Chemical Technology Program

Courses: Chemical Technology 131- 142

Project Team

Group: No2
Clarence McKelry
Dynicia Braxton
Rodney Pujada
Robert Thomas

Submission Date: Monday 10th, 2010

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 Contents
1. pH Analysis 3
2. Total Dissolved Solid Dried at 180 ⁰C 4
3. Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103-105 ⁰C 6
4. Chlorine Analysis 8
5. Determination of Sulfate 11
6. Oil & Grease Analysis 17
7. Hardness Analysis 19
8. Sewage Water Analysis 20

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1. Title : pH Analysis
1.1. Method#: 4500-H+ A. pH Value
1.2. Analytes:
Sample ID#: A-7543-b
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: C – 222-4
1.3. Date Due: Wednesday, April 14th, 2010
1.4. Prepared by: Dynicia and Clarence
1.5. Objective: To determine pH liquid unknown sample.
1.6. Data Analysis:

Sample ID# pH Color

     
A-7543 -b 2.56 Colorless
B-1500 5.58 Colorless
B-1214-0 2.56 Colorless
F-882-3 6.99 Colorless
C-222-4 3.12 Colorless
duplicate    

1.7. Conclusion
All of samples are acid and colorless

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 2. Title: Total Dissolved Solid Dried at 180 ⁰C
2.1 Method#: 2540 C. Total Dissolved Solid Dried at 180 ⁰C
2.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: A-7543-b
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: C – 222-4
Sample ID#: A – 3614
2.3 Date Due: Wednesday, April 21th, 2010
2.4 Prepared by: Rodney and Clarence
2.5 Objective: Determine the concentration of total suspended solid in each samples.
2.6 The Sample Handling and Preservation
a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 ⁰C
b) The maximum holding for samples is 28 days
2.7 Data Analysis
Table No 1: Experimental Data
  4/19/2010 4/19/2010 4/19/2010 4/20/2010 4/21/2010  
Dish with
Sample ID# Dish empty 7:30 AM 9:45 AM 9:00 AM 9:00 AM sample

  grams reference(gr) W1(gr) W2 (gr) W3 (gr) Average(W1,W2,W3)

A-7543-b 58.9607 58.9649 58.9640 58.9637 58.9638 58.9638

B-1500 58.4378 58.4427 58.4405 58.4399 58.4393 58.4399
B-1214-0 73.3920 73.3945 73.3910 73.3911 73.3901 73.3907
F-882-3 72.5863 72.5627 72.5618 72.5620 72.5642 72.5627
C-222-4 66.4562 66.4721 66.4709 66.4682 66.4671 66.4687
A-3614 68.1818 66.1852 66.1835 66.1830 66.1830 66.1832
A-7543-b
Duplicate 68.1215 68.1221 68.1200 66.1198 68.1193 67.4530

Table No 2: Result of gravimetric measures

  B A (A-B) mg/Lt
Dish with
Sample ID# Dish empty sample Gravimetric Difference to 25 mL

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   mg Average(W1,W2,W3) mg (B-A)/0.025
A-7543-b 58960.7 58963.8 3.1333 125.3
B-1500 58437.8 58439.9 2.1000 84.0
B-1214-0 73392.0 73390.7 -1.2667 -50.7
F-882-3 72586.3 72562.7 -23.6333 -945.3
C-222-4 66456.2 66468.7 12.5333 501.3
A-3614 68181.8 66183.2 -1998.6333 -79945.3
A-7543-b
Duplicate 68121.5 67453.0 -668.4667 -26738.7

2.8 Calculations
a) Calculating total dissolved solids concentration:

mg Dissolved solids/L = ( A – B )x1000

mL sample

A = weight of dried residue + dish, mg

B = weight of dish, mg
For Sample ID#: A-7543-b
A = 58.9638
B = 58.9607
mg Dissolved solids/L = (58.9638 - 58.9607)x1000
25 mL sample
mg Dissolved solids/L = 125.3

2.9 Conclusion
We made a mistakes in samples:
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: A – 3614
Duplicate Sample ID#: A-7543-b

3. Title : Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103-105 ⁰C

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3.1 Method#: 2540 D. Total Suspended Solids Dried at 103 ⁰c
3.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: A-7543-b
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: C – 222-4
Sample ID#: A – 3614

3.3 Date Due: Wednesday, April 21th, 2010

3.4 Prepared by: Rodney and Clarence
3.5 Objective: To determine the concentration of total suspended solid in the unknown
samples.
3.6 The Sample Handling and Preservation

a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 C

b) The maximum holding for samples is 28 days

3.7 Data Analysis

Table No 1: Experimental Data

Gooch with
  4/15/2010 4/15/2010 4/15/2010 4/15/2010 sample
Gooch empty
Sample ID +filter 9:30 AM 10:00 AM 10:30 AM Average (g)

  grams W1(g) W2(g) W3(g.) Average(W1,W2,W3)

A-7543-b 19.0563 19.0487 19.0471 19.0473 19.0477

F-882-3 18.5164 18.5158 18.5143 18.5143 18.5148
B-1500 17.6503 17.6391 17.6390 17.6370 17.6384
C-222-4 17.2329 17.2332 17.2332 17.2325 17.2330
A-7543-b
Duplicate 17.0224 17.3989 17.3989 17.3985 17.3988
A-3614 18.8490 18.8482 18.8479 18.8491 18.8484
B-1214-0 18.5200 18.5206 18.5206 18.5204 18.5205

Table No 2: Result of gravimetric measures

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   B A (A-B) mg/Lt
Dish with
Gravimetric
Sample ID Dish empty sample Difference to 25 mL

  mg Average(W1,W2,W3) mg (B-A)/0.025
A-7543-b 19056.3 19047.7 -8.6 -344.0
F-882-3 18516.4 18514.8 -1.6 -64.0
B-1500 17650.3 17638.4 -11.9 -477.3
C-222-4 17232.9 17233.0 0.1 2.7
A-7543-b
Duplicate 17022.4 17398.8 376.4 15054.7
A-3614 18849.0 18848.4 -0.6 -24.0
B-1214-0 18520.0 18520.5 0.5 21.3

3.8 Calculation
a) Calculating total suspended solids concentration:

mg suspended solids/L = ( A – B )x1000

mL sample

A = weight of dried residue + gooch crucible, mg

B = weight of gooch crucible, mg
For Sample ID#: A-7543-b
A = 58.9638
B = 58.9607
mg Dissolved solids/L = (19047.7 -19056.3)x1000
25 mL sample
mg Dissolved solids/L = -344.0

3.9 Conclusion
We made a mistake in sample
Sample ID#: A-7543-b and duplicate
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: A – 3614

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4. Title: Chlorine Analysis
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4.1 Method#: 4500-Cl C. Mercuric Nitrate Method

4.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: A-7543-b
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: C – 222-4
Sample ID#: A – 3614

4.3 Prepared by: Clarence and Robert

4.4 Date Due: Wednesday, April 21th, 2010
4.5 Objective: Chloride determination by titration with mercury
4.6 The Sample Handling and Preservation
a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 ⁰C
b) The maximum holding for samples is 28 days
4.7 Data Analysis
Table No 1 : Volume of Mercuric Nitrate

Titrant
Sample ID Volume
(mL)
A-7543-b 0.70
B - 1500 3.30
B – 1214-0 4.30
C – 222-4 2.00
A – 3614 0.70
C – 222-4
Duplicate 2.00

Table No2: Calculating chloride concentration in samples

Titrant (Mercuric Chloride

Titrant Titrated
Sample ID Nitrate) Concentration
Volume (mL) Volumen (mL)
Concentration(N) (g/L)
         
A-7543-b 0.70 0.0141 50 7.00

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 B - 1500 3.30 0.0141 50 32.99
B – 1214-0 4.30 0.0141 50 42.99
C – 222-4 2.00 0.0141 50 19.99
A – 3614 0.70 0.0141 50 7.00
C – 222-4
2.00 0.0141 50 19.99
Duplicate

4.8 Calculation
Prepared Hg(NO3)2 Concentration = 0.0141 N

mg/L Cl = (A – B) x N x 35.450
mL sample

Where:
A = mL of titrant (mercuric nitrate) for sample
B = mL of titrant (mercuric nitrate) for blank
N = normality of mercuric nitrate titrated concentration = 0.0141 N
For sample A- 7543-b
mg/L Cl = (0.70 – 0.01) x 0.0141 x 35.450
50 mL sample
mg/L Cl = 7.00 mg/Cl

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5. Title: Determination of Sulfate
5.1 Method# : 4500-SO42- E. Turbidimetric Method
5.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: A – 3614
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
5.3 Prepared by: Rodney
5.4 Date Due: Tuesday, April 27th, 2010
5.5 Objective: To determine the sulfate concentration by comparison by reading with a
standard curve.
5.6 Summary of Method:
a) Sulfate ion is converted to a barium sulfate suspension under controlled
conditions.
b) The resulting turbidity is determined by spectrophotometer and compared to a
calibration curve prepared from standard sulfate conditions.
5.7 The Sample Handling and Preservation
a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 ⁰C
b) The maximum holding for samples is 28 days
5.8 Data Analysis
Table No 1 Sulfate Calibration Curve

Concentration Absorbance
mg/L  
0 0
10 0.06
20 0.12
30 0.18
40 0.25

Table No 2 Sample Calibration Curve

Sample ID Absorbance
   

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 F-882-3 0.01
F-882-3
Duplicate 0.01
A-3614 0.56
B-1214-0 0.75

5.9 Graphic
a) Standard Calibration Curve

b) Sample Calibration Curve

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5.10 Calculation
a) Calculating volumes (mL) for standard concentration:
Prepared Na2SO4 149.7 mg/1L
Prepared dilution of 10, 20, 30, 40 mg/L
C1*V1 = C2*V2

Where:
C1 = sulfate concentration = 149.7 mg/L
V1 = unknown volume in mL
C2 = sulfate dilution concentration = 10 mg/1L
V2 = volume of dilution concentration (10 mg/L) = 100 mL
V1 = (C2*V2) / C1
V1 = 6.68 mL
volume for
Concentration dilution
mg/L mL
10 6.68
20 13.36
30 20.04
40 26.7

b) Calculating sample concentration by Calibration Curve

Sample ID Concentration Absorbance
  mg/L  
  0 0
F-882-3 1.64 0.01
  10 0.06
  20 0.12
  30 0.18
  40 0.25
A-3614 91.80 0.56
B-1214-0 122.95 0.75

5.11 Conclusion
We need to prepared new concentration of standard near to the concentrations of
samples. 100mg/L and 90mg/L

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 6. Title : Oil & Grease Analysis
6.1 Method#: 5520 B. Partition Gravimetric Method
6.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: A – 41202
Sample ID#: A – 41201
6.3 Prepared by: Robert and Rodney
6.4 Date Due: Thursday, May 6th, 2010
6.5 Objective: To determine the dissolved or emulsified oil and grease in unknown
samples by using partition gravimetric method.
6.6 The Sample Handling and Preservation
a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 ⁰C
b) If analysis is delayed for more than a few days, the sample is acidified with 5
mL of 1:1 HCl
c) Do not exceed the recommended holding time of 28 days
6.7 Data Analysis
Table No 1Gravimetric difference of Standard

(Wt of flask
Sample Wt of wt of flask Concentration
w/sample- Wt.
ID Sample Date Amount empty w/sample Oil & Grease % Recovery
of empty flask)
Used (L) flask (g) (g) (mg) (mg/L)
Standard 4/24/2010 1.00 80.4534 81.2052 751.80 751.80 75 %
Standard 4/26/2010 1.00 102.5927 103.5560 963.30 963.30 96 %

Table No 2 Gravimetric difference for samples

Sample (Wt of flask Concentration
Wt of empty wt of flask wt of flask w/sample
ID Sample Amount   w/sample- Oil & Grease
flask (g) w/sample (g) (g) Average
Used (L)   Wt. of empty (mg/L)
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 flask) (mg)
Average(W1,W2,W3
      W1 W2 W3    
)

Standard 1.00 102.5927 103.5560 103.5560 103.5560 963.30 963.3

A-41202 0.97 1450.5

105.2265 106.6334 106.6334 106.6334 106.6334 1406.95
A-41201 0.97 386.2
106.8300 107.2046 107.2046 107.2046 107.2046 374.60

6.8 Calculation

For Sample A- 41202

Grease and oil, mg/L = (R-B) x 1000
mL sample
R = 106.6334 g = 106633.4 mg
B = 105.2265 g= 105226.5 mg

Grease and oil, mg/L = (106633.4 mg - 105226.5 mg ) x 1000

970 mL sample

Grease and oil, mg/L = 1450.5 mg/L

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 7. Title: Hardness Analysis
7.1 Method#: 2340 C. EDTA Titrimetric Method
7.2 Analytes:
Sample ID#: A-7543-b
Sample ID#: B - 1500
Sample ID#: B – 1214-0
Sample ID#: F – 882-3
Sample ID#: C – 222-4
Sample ID#: A – 3614
7.3 Prepared by: Dynicia
7.4 Date Due: Thursday, April 22th, 2010
7.5 Objective: To determine hardness by EDTA titrimetric method.
7.6 The Sample Handling and Preservation
a) Preserve by refrigeration at 4 ⁰C
b) The maximum holding for samples is 28 days
7.7 Data Analysis
Table No 1

Titrant Titrant CaCO3 CaCO3

Titrant (EDTA) Titrated
Sample ID Volume Volume Concentration Concentration
Concentration(M) Volumen (mL)
(mL) (mL) (mg/L) (mg/L)

  Run N1 RunN2        
A-7543-b 1.80 1.80 0.01 0.025 0.7200 0.7200
B - 1500 3.61 13.40 0.01 0.025 1.4440 5.3600
B – 1214-0 5.00 4.90 0.01 0.025 2.0000 1.9600
F-882-3 0.01 0.61 0.01 0.025 0.0040 0.2440
C – 222-4 3.20 4.51 0.01 0.025 1.2800 1.8040
A – 3614 7.81 28.50 0.01 0.025 3.1240 11.4000
A-7543-b
2.41 4.60 0.01 0.025 0.9640 1.8400
Duplicate
Blank 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.025 0.0040 0.0040

Table No 2

CaCO3
Sample ID Concentration
(mg/L)

17
    
A-7543-b 0.7200
B - 1500 5.3600
B – 1214-0 1.9600
F-882-3 0.2440
C – 222-4 1.8040
A – 3614 11.4000
A-7543-b Duplicate 1.8400
Blank 0.0040

7.8 Calculation
Hardness (EDTA),as mg CaCO3/L = A x B x 1000
mL sample
Where
A = mL titration for sample and
B = mg CaCO3, equivalent to 1.00 mL EDTA titrant
For sample A-7543-b
Hardness (EDTA),as mg CaCO3/L = 1.80 mL x 0.01 x 1000
25 mL sample

Hardness (EDTA),as mg CaCO3/L = 0.72 mg CaCO3/L

8. Title : Setteable Solids

8.1 Method#: 2540 F Settleable Solids
8.2 Analyte: Filtrated water from w
8.3 Prepared by: Robert
8.4 Date Due: Thursday, April 22th, 2010
8.5 Objective: To determine settleable solids in water.
8.6 Data Analysis: Volume = 31mL

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