Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
• The more senses involved, the more memory traces are formed,
the more rapid the training.
• Instruction employs all receptive and expressive modalities and
makes strong connections between these modalities.
• When a student performs actions correctly, the memory traces
for these actions will also be correct.
Sensory feedback
• OG used feedback to ensure accurate student performance.
• Accurate performance = accurate memory traces
• Inaccurate performance = inaccurate memory traces
Phonemic Awareness
• The ability to identify, sequence and manipulate individual
sounds (phonemes)
• The most important predictor of success in learning to read and
write.
Levels of phonemic awareness (Adams, 1990)
• To hear rhymes and alliteration as measured by nursery rhymes
• To do oddity tasks (comparing rhyme and alliteration)
• To blend and split syllables
• To perform phonemic segmentation
• To perform phoneme manipulation tasks
Phonemic awareness
• Onset - initial consonant of a word or syllable
• Rime - everything after the initial consonant
Points to Remember
• As students progress in their understanding of symbol to sound
correspondences and word patterns and structure, the amount of time
spent on basic phonics shifts increasingly toward advanced levels of
word analysis.
Advanced Stage
OG Lesson Plan
• Review of letters (phonograms) and sounds (phonemes) already
learned (visual to auditory and kinesthetic senses)
• Introduction of new phonogram and its sound (visual to auditory
and kinesthetic)
Visual Drill
• Say the letter, key word, sound
• Ex. m - man - m
Auditory Drill
• Show the picture of a bag.
• “What is in the picture?”
• “The first sound of bag is”
• Sound as you write
• “The last sound of bag is”
• “What is the middle sound of bag?”
• Can you sound as you write?