EAGLE®

Traffic Safety Radar

OPERATOR’S MANUAL

P/N 006-0679-40
REV. 0
Copyright © 2003, Kustom Signals, Inc.
All Rights Reserved. Printed in U.S.A.

This publication may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval

system, or transmitted in whole or in part in any form or by
any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise without prior written permission of Kustom Signals,
Inc., 9325 Pflumm Road, Lenexa, KS 66215-3347

Customer Service 1-800-835-0156 or (620) 431-2700

Sales Department 1-800-4-KUSTOM or (913) 492-1400
 Table Of Contents

1. Introduction ................................................................... 1.1

2. Specifications................................................................. 2.1
2.0 General............................................................... 2.1
2.1 Operational......................................................... 2.2

3. Inspection & Mounting ................................................ 3.1

3.0 Initial Inspection ................................................ 3.1
3.1 Materials Supplied ............................................. 3.1
3.2 Equipment Mounting ......................................... 3.2

4. Unit Description ............................................................ 4.1

4.0 Front Panel......................................................... 4.1
4.1 Rear Panel .......................................................... 4.3
4.2 Remote Control.................................................. 4.4

5. General Theory of Operation ...................................... 5.1

5.0 General............................................................... 5.1
5.1 Microwave Emissions ........................................ 5.2

6. Testing Procedures ....................................................... 6.1

6.0 General............................................................... 6.1
6.1 Power On ........................................................... 6.1
6.2 Automatic Self Test ........................................... 6.2
6.3 Manual Test ....................................................... 6.2
6.4 Accuracy Testing ............................................... 6.2
6.5 Tuning Fork Testing .......................................... 6.4
6.6 Moving Mode Test............................................. 6.7
6.7 Speedometer Input Synchronization .................. 6.7
Table Of Contents

7. Operating Modes ........................................................... 7.1

7.0 Operating Modes................................................ 7.1
7.1 Setup .................................................................. 7.2
7.2 Stationary Operation .......................................... 7.5
7.3 Moving Operation.............................................. 7.7
7.4 Speedometer Pulse Operation .......................... 7.10
7.5 Setting Fan Interference Filter Mode ............... 7.10
7.6 Maintenance Mode .......................................... 7.10

8. Interference ................................................................... 8.1

8.0 General............................................................... 8.1
8.1 Natural Influences.............................................. 8.1
8.2 Man-Made Influences ........................................ 8.2
8.3 Groundspeed ...................................................... 8.4

9. Recommended Care & Maintenance .......................... 9.1

10. Case Law ........................................................................... 10.1

11. FCC Licensing ........................................................... 11.1

12. Troubleshooting ......................................................... 12.1

13. Options .................................................................... 13.1

13.0 Options Setup................................................. 13.1
13.1 Options Descriptions...................................... 13.2
13.2 Options Examples .......................................... 13.4
 Section 1—Introduction

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The Kustom Signals’ EAGLE series radar units come from

a long-standing commitment to the law enforcement
community to provide quality, state-of-the-art speed
measuring equipment. The EAGLE series radar units
incorporate features that have never been available on
moving radar before.

EAGLE units use Digital Signal Processing (DSP), which

allows Kustom Signals designers the opportunity to add
features such as same direction - fastest vehicle mode and
the newest feature on all EAGLE series units, TruTrak.
This feature automatically directs the DSP to search in a
very small speed range for the patrol speed return, thus
eliminating false patrol speeds while stopped at a traffic
light, combined speeds, splitting speeds, and shadowing.
To add to the efficiency of the units EAGLE radar are
available in either K-Band or Ka-Band frequencies.

All of these features and performance standards are packed

into a small, lightweight unit, providing the most flexibility
for the operator.

1.1
 Section 2--Specifications

2.0 GENERAL

Type: Two piece, Moving/Stationary,

True Doppler radar system
Frequency: 24.150 GHz + .1 GHz (K-band)
33.4 to 36 GHz + .1 GHz (Ka-
Band)

Tuning Forks Forks stamped with “KSI Ka-

Band” are for units with micro-
wave frequency 35.5 GHz.
Forks for any other Ka-Band
frequency will have that
frequency clearly labeled on the
fork.
Band Selection: Automatic frequency sensing of
selected antenna, K or Ka

System Accuracy: Stationary--+1 MPH (+2 km/h)

Moving--+1/-2 MPH (+2/-3
km/h)

Operating Voltage: 10.8 VDC to 16.5 VDC, 1.0 amp

max

Nominal Power Reqm'ts: Voltage (VDC) Current (A)

Without displays illum: 13.6 0.5
With displays illum: 13.6 0.5
Without target present: 13.6 0.5
With target present: 13.6 0.6
Standby (HOLD): 13.6 0.4
Reverse Voltage Diode protection. No damage if
Protection: power supply leads are reversed.
Electronic Components: 100% solid state; integrated
circuits, microprocessors and
transistors tested for reliability.

2.1
Section 2--Specifications

Operating Temperature: -22F to +140F

-30C to +60C
90% relative humidity at 37°C,
non-condensing.
Dimensions:
Counting Unit
Height: 1.75" (4.44 cm)
Width: 6.50" (16.51 cm) w/o mtg.
knobs
Depth: 5.0" (12.7 cm)
Weight: 1 lb 14 oz (0.85 kg) w/o pwr
cord

2.1 OPERATIONAL

Speed Processor: Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

performs all signal analysis.
Operational Processor: All functions are microprocessor
controlled.

Manual Test: LED and light segment check;

checks internal calibration and
performs cross check of quartz
crystals for accuracy.
Automatic self test: Comparison of quartz crystals
done periodically (5 minutes
maximum period) and upon
every mode change. "Err 4"
displayed if an error is found.

Lock Time: Instantaneous.

Patrol Window: Displays patrol speed.
Target Window: Displays truncated target speed.

Lock Window: Displays locked target speed.

2.2
 Section 2--Specifications
Display Type: High brightness LED
Target - .4" (10.16 mm), Patrol
and Lock - .3" (7.62 mm)

Light Intensity: Automatic dimming to ambient

conditions.
Automatic Clear: All displays are cleared when
mode of operation changes.

Speed Range: Meets IACP/NHTSA

specifications.
Stationary: Target channel
sensitivity of 10 dB from 35 mph
to 90 mph (5 db from 60 to 90).
Moving (opposite direction):
within 10 dB for targets between
40 to 90 mph (5 dB from 60 to
90). Maximum closing K-band
speed not to exceed 210 mph.
Stationary: 10 to 199
16 to 320 km/h
Patrol: Selectable 10 or 20 to 99 MPH
16 or 32 to 159 km/h
Typical patrol speeds to 130
MPH (209 km/h)

Target: Maximum target speed is

function of combined patrol and
target speeds to 199 MPH (320
km/h).

2.3
Section 2--Specifications

Indicators:
Low Voltage: "Lo" displayed in TARGET
window when supply voltage
falls below input of 10.8 VDC.
Locked speeds will remain.
Radio Frequency "rFi" is displayed in TARGET
Interference: window during radio frequency
interference. Active speed
displays will blank during this
condition. Locked speeds will
remain.
Error: "ErX" (“X”=4, 5, or 6) is
displayed in TARGET window
when an internal error in the
operating system is detected.
Active speed displays will blank.
Locked speeds will remain.
Hold: "HLd" is displayed in TARGET
window when system is not
transmitting. Controlled by
remote or front panel switch.
Road Graphic: These indicators are used to show
the mode of operation and
selected antenna.

2.4
 Section 2--Specifications

Antenna:
Height
K-band 3.25" (8.26 cm)
Ka-Band 2.52" (6.4 cm)
Width
K-band 7.3" (18.54 cm)
Ka-Band 2.52" (6.4 cm)

Depth
K-band 3.6" (9.14 cm)
Ka-Band 3.2" (8.13 cm)
Weight
K-band 1.88 lbs (0.85 kg)
Ka-Band 0.7 lbs (0.32 kg)

Microwave Source: Gunn-Effect Diode.

Beam Width
K-band 12 degrees
Ka-Band 12 degrees
Power Density: Less than 5 mW/cm2 all bands

Side Lobes: 25 dB below main lobe.

Polarization Circular
Receiver: Low noise Schottky diode.
Weather Resistant For mounting inside or outside
vehicle.

2.5
 Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

3.0 INITIAL INSPECTION

Before installing your EAGLE, please take a moment to

carefully inspect it for damage caused by shipping.
Contact the shipping carrier at once if you notice any
damage.

Remove the unit from the shipping carton and check the
packing list against your original purchase order. If the
shipment is incomplete or a parts error has been made,
please contact your district sales manager or Kustom
Signals Customer Service Department at (620) 431-2700
or 800-835-0156.

3.1 MATERIALS SUPPLIED

Description
The following equipment is normally included:

Wired remote control

Windshield Mount
Mounting Bail
35 MPH Tuning Fork (for K and some Ka-Band
antennas)
65 MPH Tuning Fork (for K and some Ka-Band
antennas)
30 MPH Tuning Fork (for some Ka-Band antennas)
55 MPH Tuning Fork (for some Ka-Band antennas)
Operator's Manual

Optional
Wireless Remote Control
Battery Pack and Charger
7 or 12-inch Dash Mount
Window Mount
Heavy Duty Carrying Case
Auxiliary Power Receptacle Cable

3.1
Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

3.2 EQUIPMENT MOUNTING

3.2.1 AUXILIARY POWER RECEPTACLE

Cigarette lighter receptacles have been the traditional
source of power for traffic radar over the years. In the
newer vehicles, it is possible that poor grounding of this
receptacle, electrical noise from the vehicle's alternator
charging system, electrical fuel pump and microprocessor
noise can combine to create an unacceptably high level of
ambient electronic interference.

This interference can affect the radar's performance in

several ways: decreased range, no target speeds being
displayed or abnormal tones or noise in the audio.
Available for each EAGLE radar system is an auxiliary
power receptacle, which mounts under the dashboard and
wires directly to the battery.

1. Mount the receptacle in the desired location using the

hardware provided.

2. Connect the black wire to the receptacle's mounting

bracket. Connect the white wire (with Faston terminal)
to the rear plug of the receptacle. Route the cable
through the firewall and up to the battery.
3. Connect the white wire of the power cable to the battery
(+) positive terminal and the black wire to the
(-) negative terminal.

4. The Auxiliary power receptacle is supplied with a 2

amp fuse to protect the battery should the cable become
shorted.

3.2
 Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

3.2.2 INDICATOR UNIT

CAUTION: Equipment mounted in 1994 and later series

police vehicles may interfere with the
operation of passenger side airbags. Please
refer to the vehicle manufacturer or your
Kustom Signals District Manager for
additional information on safe mounting
areas within the vehicle.

1. The indicator unit contains the unit’s displays, switches,

the circuit boards and processor. The EAGLE's display
panel can be located overhead, on the dashboard or on
the radio rack.

2. Locate mounting bail. Position the indicator for best

viewing position in the patrol vehicle and mark the
location for the mounting screws.

3. Drill a small pilot hole at the marked locations.

4. Set the bail bracket in place and secure to the dashboard
or other mounting location with mounting screws.

3.3
Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

3.2.3 FRONT ANTENNA MOUNTING

Provided with the EAGLE is a windshield mount for the
antenna. Contact your District Manager or Kustom
Signals' Customer Service department for other optional
antenna mounts.

NOTE: Mounting of the antenna bracket to the dashboard

or any metal bracket (such as the radio rack) may
cause improper grounding of the antenna. This
would be noticed by reduced range and/or a high
pitched squeal in the audio. Use of the Kustom
Signals' isolation kit, P/N 050-0200-00 will
eliminate improper grounding.

1. Attach the antenna to the mount.

2. Connect the antenna to the EAGLE's indicator unit,
front antenna port. Refer to Section 4.1 for antenna
port location.
3. Connect the EAGLE's power connector to the proper
power source. See Section 3.2.1.
4. Momentarily depress the POWER switch on the front
panel of the EAGLE (refer to Section 4.0 for location
and function of front panel switches). It will process
through a lamp test and internal test as described later
in Section 6. Select Stationary mode by depressing the
MODE switch, if necessary. Both direction
antenna/mode indicators (front antenna) will be lit.

3.4
 Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

5. Momentarily depress the AUDIO then the MODE

switch. This places the EAGLE in the unsquelched
(audio on) mode. If necessary, depress the AUDIO
switch then the RANGE (up) switch to increase the
audio level.
6. Start the patrol vehicle and position the A/C - heater fan
to a mid-range speed. Move the antenna/mounting
bracket to different positions on the windshield while
listening to the audio. If there is fan interference, the
audio will have a raspy sound instead of just noise.
Position the antenna to minimize the amount of fan
interference. Mark this position on the outside of the
windshield, using a grease pencil.
The fan interference filter developed for the EAGLE
radar series can be turned on or off at the discretion of
the operator. To check the status of this filter,
momentarily depress the RANGE switch. The word
"rnG" will appear in the TARGET window and the
range setting (1-6) will appear in the PATROL
window.
While "rnG" is being displayed, depress the MODE
switch. This will change the TARGET display to
"FAn", remove the range number in the PATROL
display, and display "On" (fan interference filter ON)
or "OFF" (fan interference filter OFF) in the LOCK
window. To change the status of the filter, press the
MODE switch again. The system will time out and
exit this mode after approximately 2 seconds from the
last switch entry; or press HOLD to immediately return
to the radar mode.

NOTE: Some degradation of target capture may be noted

with the filter activated. For maximum
performance, if the patrol vehicle has little or no
fan interference, it is suggested that the fan
interference filter be turned off.

3.5
Section 3—Inspection & Mounting

7. After the optimum antenna position has been found,

glue the bracket to the windshield using the adhesive
provided.
8. Position of the antenna:
Stationary: Maximum performance of the
system will be achieved when
the antenna is pointed directly
toward the vehicles being
monitored.

Moving: Aim the antenna parallel to

the ground and straight down
the roadway.

3.2.4 REAR ANTENNA MOUNTING

1. Place the antenna on the rear mounting bracket.
2. Follow the procedure for determining any fan
interference per Section 3.2.3, steps 4-6. Set the
EAGLE for stationary mode, rear antenna.

3. After the optimum position has been located (and

marked per 3.2.3 step 6), permanently attach the mount
to the rear window using the adhesive provided.

3.6
 Section 3—Inspection & Mounting
4. Position the antenna cable behind the rear seat and
under the rear floorboard, then route up to the logic
unit and connect. This method of mounting will
minimize the antenna from moving around in the
vehicle should it break loose in an accident. It should
also prevent anyone from using the cable as a weapon
against the officer.

5. Position the antenna parallel to the ground and straight

down the roadway.

3.2.5 SPEEDOMETER PULSE CABLE

INSTALLATION

1. The speedometer pulse cable has a two-conductor plug

at one end and no plug at the other end. The plug
connects into the “SPDOMTR” connector on the rear
panel of the EAGLE.
2. The bare end of the speedometer pulse cable will be
connected to the patrol vehicle’s electrical speedometer
input cable using the splice connector provided. Due
to the vast number of models, makes and years of
vehicles we have moved access to specific vehicle
diagrams online, where information can be better
maintained and distributed.
Installation details can be accessed at:
http://www.kustomsignals.com
(select: radar fixed mount)

For information on connecting the TruTrak cable, refer

to the Kustom website above. For information
regarding motorcycle mounts, refer to instructions in
the mount kits.

3.7
Section 3—Inspection & Mounting
If your vehicle year, make and/or model is not listed or
you need hard copies, please contact Kustom’s
Customer Service Department at (800) 835-0156. If
you are outside of the US and Canada, please call (620)
431-2700.

NOTE: Only the inner conductor of the speedometer pulse

cable is used. The outer shield is not connected.

3.8
 Section 4—Unit Description

4.0 FRONT PANEL

A B C D

E F G H I L M
J K

A. TARGET SPEED Displays the strongest speed of

target vehicles in both stationary
and moving modes.

B. Road Graphic Graphic indicates which antenna

is selected and the mode of
operation.

C. LOCK Display Displays locked target speeds.

D. PATROL SPEED Displays the speed of the patrol

vehicle.
E. LOCK/RELEASE Switch used to lock and unlock
target and patrol vehicle speeds.

F. TEST Switch used to test the internal

accuracy and activate displays.

G. MODE Switch used to select moving or

stationary mode. Secondary
functions are to squelch or
unsquelch audio and to set fan
interference filter on or off.

4.1
Section 4—Unit Description

H. AUDIO (Ð) This switch used to display the

level of audio currently selected.
Secondary function is the
decrement (down) control.

I. RANGE (Ï) Switch used to place the EAGLE

in the range set mode.
Secondary function is the
increment (up) control.

J. Range Level Six LED indicators display set

Indicator level of range control.

K. Ambient Light Detects ambient light conditions

Detector and adjusts the brightness of
displays automatically.

L. HOLD This switch used to turn the

microwave transmitter on and
off.

M. POWER Pushbutton control for power-

on.

4.2
 Section 4—Unit Description

4.1 REAR PANEL

The rear panel of the EAGLE has connectors for two

antennas, remote control (wireless or wired), RS232 I/O
port and Speedometer input cable. In addition, there is a
captive power cord attached to the rear panel.
Located on the left side of the rear panel is a 3.5 mm
connector for the external remote control. This connector
is used for the wired remote control and wireless remote
receiver.
Next to the remote control connector is the Speedometer
Input Cable connector. This cable attaches to the vehicle’s
speedometer to assist the DSP to process proper patrol
speed.
PORT 1 will drive a Kustom Signals Giant Display or can
be connected to an Eyewitness™ in-car video system.
This port provides speed and status information to external
devices.
The power cord is permanently attached to the logic unit.
It supplies power to the system from the patrol vehicle's
cigarette lighter receptacle, auxiliary power receptacle or
portable battery pack. The power input is reverse polarity
protected and protected from over-voltage and over-current
conditions.

4.3
Section 4—Unit Description

4.2 REMOTE CONTROL

A B

C D

The remote control is available in either a wired or wireless

version. The wired version plugs directly into the back
panel's remote jack. The wireless remote uses an infrared
sensor that plugs into the remote jack. The sensor is then
secured in a location that allows convenient reception of
the remote's infrared commands. The remote control units
are otherwise identical.

A. L/R This pushbutton switch is used

(LOCK-RELEASE) for locking and releasing target
and patrol speeds.

B. HLD (HOLD) This switch used to turn the

microwave transmitter on and
off.

4.4
 Section 4—Unit Description

C. F/R Switches between the front or

(FRONT/REAR) rear antenna.

D. P/B In the locked mode, this switch

(PATROL BLANK) will blank the patrol speed
display. Depressing the switch a
second time redisplays the
locked patrol speed. In the
unlocked mode, pressing the
switch displays the current
minimum patrol speed setting.
Pressing it twice displays “SNC”
and allows speedometer input
synchronization.

4.2.1 BROKEN OR LOST REMOTE CONTROL

If the remote control is broken or lost, the operator can
access most of the radar functions by placing the EAGLE
in a default mode.

1. Power the EAGLE off.

2. Depress and HOLD the power switch. During the
power-on test sequence the unit will display the lamp
test, internal (32) test, and audio (Aud) and range (rnG)
levels. Release the power switch when the "Aud" or
"rnG" display is on.
3. The mode/antenna indicators will show moving mode,
front antenna.

4. Using the front panel switches, the operator can access

the following controls: RF hold, stationary and moving
modes, lock/release, test, and speedometer input
synchronization.
5. The rear antenna will not be accessible without a
remote control.

4.5
Section 4—Unit Description

6. The EAGLE will restore remote control access

automatically upon receiving the first remote control
command.

4.6
 Section 5--General Theory of Operation

5.0 GENERAL

The EAGLE moving radar system transmits a radio

frequency on either K-Band, or Ka-Band, in compliance
with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
regulations. A portion of the transmitted signal strikes the
surface of the roadway and surrounding terrain and reflects
back to the antenna. The returning signal is the "low"
Doppler. From the antenna, it travels to the Digital Signal
Processing (DSP) where the signal is translated to the
speed of the patrol vehicle (groundspeed) and is displayed
in the PATROL display.
The EAGLE series has an exclusive feature from Kustom
Signals using the patrol vehicle’s speedometer pulses
which steers the DSP processor to look for the “low”
Doppler signal in a specific speed range. This feature will
eliminate the often annoying anomalies such as shadowing,
combined patrol speeds, splitting speeds, and displaying
speeds in the PATROL window when stopped at a traffic
light or sign.
In moving opposite direction mode, a portion of the
transmitted signal strikes an oncoming vehicle (target
vehicle) and returns to the antenna at a higher frequency
because the two objects (patrol vehicle and target vehicle)
are converging. This returning signal is the "high"
Doppler. Then the counting unit measures the speed of
convergence, or combined speed, of the patrol vehicle and
target vehicle.
After receiving the "high" Doppler signal, the counting
unit automatically computes the difference between the
speed of the patrol vehicle and the target vehicle. The
speed of the approaching vehicle registers in the TARGET
display. If, for example, a patrol vehicle is traveling 55
MPH and an approaching vehicle is traveling at 65 MPH,
the EAGLE would process the groundspeed of 55 MPH
and the combined speed of 120 MPH. The DSP would
subtract the patrol speed from the combined speed (120 -
55 = 65). The PATROL display would indicate 55 and the
TARGET display would indicate 65.

5.1
Section 5--General Theory of Operation

5.1 MICROWAVE RF EMISSIONS

Traffic radar operators may have some questions about the

biological effects of exposure to the microwave energy
produced by the radar devices. According to all credible
evidence, the emission levels resulting from traffic radar
use pose no threat whatsoever, either to the radar operator
or to target vehicle occupants.
One widely recognized authority for safe limits of
nonionizing radiation exposure is the American National
Standards Institute, which recommends maximum
exposure levels for the frequencies on which Kustom
traffic radar systems operate (ANSI/IEEE C95.1-1992,
"Standard for Safety Levels With Respect to Human
Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3
kHz to 300 GHz"). These exposure levels, expressed in
terms of power density, are 7 mW/cm2 for X-band radar
units, and 10 mW/cm2 for K-band and Ka-Band radar
units. Similarly, the Occupational Safety and Health
Administration (OSHA), a division of the U.S. Department
of Labor, recommends a 10 mW/cm2 exposure limit for all
three frequency bands ("Radiation Protection Guide", 29
CFR, Chapter XVII, Subpart G, Part 1910.97). This limit
is clearly accepted by most reputable scientific and medical
authorities.
Kustom radar systems utilize microwave transmitters
which produce aperture power densities, measured directly
at the face of the antenna, in the range of approximately
0.3 to 2.3 mW/cm2. Typical levels for the vast majority of
units are in the 0.4 to 1.0 mW/cm2 range, which is but a
small fraction of the recognized safe limits. Bear in mind
that these are level measurements taken directly in the
main beam of the antenna, and that the power densities
produced at the sides and rear of the unit are typically at
least one hundred times lower than in the main beam.

5.2
 Section 5--General Theory of Operation
Another reference document on this topic is a DOT
publication entitled "Field Strength Measurements of
Speed Measuring Radar Units" (NHTSA Technical Report
#DOT-HS-805 928). This report documents a series of
tests performed by the National Bureau of Standards on
twenty-two commonly used models of traffic radar units,
from six different manufacturers including Kustom.
Aperture power density levels measured were from 0.25 to
2.82 mW/cm2, while back-lobe power density values
ranged from 0.001 to 0.02 mW/cm2. These measurements
were obtained with the radars mounted inside vehicles, as
in normal operating conditions. Since the NBS study,
other laboratories have duplicated these types of
measurements, producing consistently similar results.
For a free copy of the latest information regarding the safe
human exposure standards, please call or write Kustom to
request the "RF Emissions Packet." You may contact us at
our corporate headquarters:
Kustom Signals, Inc.
9325 Pflumm
Lenexa, KS 66215-3347
(913)492-1400
While traffic radar devices do emit microwave energy, the
levels are so low that there are no probable harmful effects.
You may use your Kustom radar unit with complete
confidence in its safety, as well as in its accuracy.

5.3
 Section 6--Testing Procedures

6.0 GENERAL

The internal test and tuning fork tests explained below

should be conducted at the beginning and end of each
patrol shift to ensure the accuracy and functionality of the
unit. The results of these tests may be recorded in a radar
log, similar to the log found at the end of this manual.

6.1 POWER ON

Momentarily depress the POWER switch. The unit will

display all LED display segments (888) and turn on all
lamps and indicators on the front panel. After
approximately 1 second, the unit will perform several
internal tests and a crystal cross check to verify the
accuracy of the speed processing circuitry.

If these pass successfully, the unit will display "32" in the

TARGET display (stationary operation) or both the
TARGET and PATROL displays if the unit is in the
moving mode of operation. This will remain for
approximately 1 second. The TARGET display will then
indicate "Aud" and the PATROL speed window will
display the audio volume level last selected (0 - 9). A
short tone at this volume level will be heard in the speaker.

One second later, "rnG" will be displayed in the TARGET

window and the PATROL window will display the current
range level (1 - 6). After another second, the displays will
clear and the unit will be operational in the same mode that
it was in when the unit was shut off.

6.1
Section 6--Testing Procedures

6.2 AUTOMATIC SELF-TEST

The EAGLE performs an internal accuracy test whenever

the unit's mode of operation is changed, such as changing
from moving to stationary, or upon the lapse of a
maximum time period of 5 minutes, as long as the unit is
powered up.

This test is automatic and will not interfere with any radar
speed readings being taken. The test does not appear in the
displays, but if an error is detected during this test, the
TARGET display will indicate “ErX” and further speed
readings will be inhibited.

6.3 MANUAL TEST

The operator can depress the TEST switch at any time

during normal radar operation to perform the lamp and
internal tests as described in 6.4. If the EAGLE is in the
stopwatch mode and a timing cycle is in process, the test
switch is inoperative until the timing cycle has ended.

NOTE: The audio and range indications will not be

displayed during a manual test.

6.4 ACCURACY TESTING

Depress the MODE switch, if necessary, to place the

EAGLE in the stationary mode of operation (both direction
indicators on).

6.2
 Section 6--Testing Procedures

Momentarily depress the TEST switch. Holding the TEST

switch depressed will light all displays. Upon releasing
this switch, the EAGLE will complete the internal test. If
these tests pass, the TARGET window will display "32".
If the TEST button is held depressed for greater than 10
seconds, the internal test will proceed as a default
condition.

NOTE: No audio or range indications will be shown.

Depress the MODE switch to place the unit in the moving

mode. The opposite direction antenna/mode indicator will
be lit.

Momentarily depress the TEST switch. If the system is

working properly, the unit will proceed through the lamp
and internal tests as described above.
Internal test tolerance: + 0.

6.3
Section 6--Testing Procedures

6.5 TUNING FORK TESTING

Supplied with the EAGLE are two tuning forks, 35 MPH
and 65 MPH (45 km/h and 80 km/h) for K and some Ka-
Band, 30 and 55 MPH for other Ka-Band. These tuning
forks will simulate moving vehicles in the stationary or
moving modes.
The tuning fork tests should be conducted in an area with
no traffic. If this is not possible, point the antenna upward
to avoid reflections from moving vehicles.

Tuning fork test tolerance: + 1 MPH (1 km/h)

NOTE: Since striking a tuning fork too hard may cause

harmonic oscillations that will be picked up by the
fan interference filter, blanking all speed readings,
it is recommended that the operator momentarily
turn the filter "OFF" during this test. (These tests
can be performed without turning the filter off if
the tuning forks are lightly struck.) If the fan
filter is normally used, remember to reset the filter
to the FAN "ON" mode after the tuning fork tests
have been completed.

6.5.1 STATIONARY & OPPOSITE DIRECTION

MOVING MODES
1. Press the MODE switch, placing the EAGLE in the
stationary mode (both direction antenna/mode
indicators should be on). Use the remote control to
change to the desired antenna. If the unit is displaying
"Hld" in the TARGET window, depress the HOLD
switch on the front panel to place the unit in a
transmitting mode.

6.4
 Section 6--Testing Procedures

2. Depress and hold the RANGE (up) switch until all 6

range indicator LEDs are lit (maximum range). After
releasing the RANGE switch, the "rnG" display will
remain for 2 seconds then the displays will return to
normal operation, or the operator can momentarily
depress the HOLD switch to return to normal operation
immediately.
3. Lightly strike the lower speed (30 MPH, 35 MPH, or 45
km/h) tuning fork on a hard, non-metallic surface.
Place and hold the tuning fork approximately 1 inch in
front of the antenna.
4. Verify that the TARGET speed displays the same speed
as the tuning fork (30, 35, or 45).
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 using the higher speed (55 MPH,
65 MPH, 80 km/h) tuning fork. The TARGET speed
display should indicate the same speed as the tuning
fork (55, 65, or 80).
6. While the TARGET display is indicating the higher
speed, momentarily depress the LOCK/REL switch.
Verify that the LOCK display is reading 55 or 65 and a
short alert tone was heard. The TARGET speed
display should still indicate 55 or 65 (80 km/h) as long
as the tuning fork is ringing. Depress the LOCK/REL
switch a second time and the locked speed should be
erased.
7. Depress the MODE switch and place the EAGLE in the
moving mode, opposite direction, front antenna. Only
the patrol LED and the front, opposite direction LED
indicator will be lit. If speedometer input is used,
depress the TEST switch to temporarily remove the
synchronization, allowing tuning fork testing.
8. Lightly strike the lower speed tuning fork on a hard,
non-metallic surface. Place it approximately 1 inch in
front of the antenna. Verify that the patrol speed
displayed is the speed stamped on the fork. While
holding the lower speed tuning fork in front of the

6.5
Section 6--Testing Procedures

antenna, lightly strike the higher speed tuning fork on a

hard, non-metallic surface and place it in front of the
antenna at the same time.
The TARGET speed display should read 30 MPH for
K-Band, 25 (or 30) for Ka-Band (35 km/h). Closing
speed, 65 (55), minus patrol speed, 35 (30), equals 30
(25). (80 km/h minus 45 km/h equals 35 km/h).

6.5.2 TUNING FORK TEST FAILURE

If proper speed readings are not obtained during the
previous tests, check the following:

1. Verify that the tuning forks are the proper tuning forks
supplied with the unit.
2. Striking the tuning forks too hard or on a metallic
surface will cause spurious overtones from the tuning
forks. This may cause the speed readings to be slightly
higher than specified. These readings are only
momentary and the proper readings should appear as
the false overtones dissipate.

NOTE: Do not move the tuning forks after they have been
placed in front of the antenna.

3. Ensure that the EAGLE is not in the HOLD mode and

that all the RANGE control indicators are lit.

If the proper readings cannot be obtained, remove the unit

from service and send to an authorized service center for
repair.

6.6
 Section 6--Testing Procedures

6.6 MOVING MODE TEST

Verification of speed readings between the patrol vehicle's

speedometer and the EAGLE's patrol speed display is
another accuracy test that can be performed. These
readings should be the same, or within reasonable limits,
allowing for minor speedometer error.
Speedometer checks should be done on a daily basis. If a
discrepancy is found, the radar unit should be removed
from service until the error can be corrected.

6.7 SPEEDOMETER INPUT SYNCHRONIZATION

The initial use of the EAGLE with speedometer pulse input

requires the radar unit to be synchronized with the
speedometer.

1. After installation and initial testing with tuning forks,

the EAGLE should be driven at a constant speed
between 30 and 70 MPH (48 and 112 km/h). Depress
the PATROL BLANK switch on the remote control
twice. “Snc” will appear in the TARGET window and
Doppler patrol speed will appear in the PATROL
window.
2. Verify the patrol speedometer and the Doppler patrol
speed displayed agree within reasonable limits, then
depress and release the LOCK/RELEASE switch. This
tells the DSP processor that the current speedometer
pulses (speed) and the Doppler patrol signal (radar
patrol speed) agree.

After approximately one second, a number will briefly

appear in the LOCK window. For Ford Motor
Company vehicles, this synchronization number will be
around 35. This indicates the EAGLE is reading and
comparing the speedometer pulses and the Doppler
patrol signal.

6.7
Section 6--Testing Procedures

NOTE: Only the actual radar Doppler signal is used

for patrol speed. The speedometer pulse input
is used only to steer or guide the DSP to “look”
for the patrol Doppler signal in a specific area,
ignoring other signals.

3. During normal operation, at patrol speeds below the

minimum limit 10 MPH, 16 km/h, or when a patrol
Doppler signal cannot be found, the PATROL window
will display two dashes, indicating that speedometer
pulses are being received, but a patrol speed cannot be
displayed. If, for example, a patrol vehicle is traveling
at 50 MPH (80 km/h) by the speedometer but the DSP
cannot find any patrol Doppler signal around that
speed, two dashes will be displayed in the PATROL
window and no target speeds will be displayed.

6.8
 Section 7--System Operation

7.0 OPERATING MODES

The EAGLE is designed to be the most complete radar

system ever developed for law enforcement use. It has 4
different operating modes:

1. Stationary Front Antenna

2. Stationary Rear Antenna
3. Moving Front Antenna
4. Moving Rear Antenna
In the stationary mode, the EAGLE obtains speeds of target
vehicles traveling in either direction. In the moving mode,
it can obtain speeds of vehicles approaching the patrol
vehicle from an opposite direction and receding from the
patrol vehicle (in the opposite direction).

NOTE: The following guide to operating the EAGLE radar

system is not intended to be a training program.
Before operating this unit or any other traffic
radar system, Kustom Signals recommends all
operators have prior training in radar speed
monitoring devices. Such courses are offered by
Kustom Signals, various state and local agencies
and either IPTM (Institute of Police Technology
and Management) or Northwestern University.
Contact your District Manager for further details.

7.1
Section 7--System Operation

7.1 SETUP

1. Select a location that provides a good view of the traffic

to be monitored.
2. Check the immediate area for potential interference
sources, such as large reflecting signs in the direct path
of the radar's microwave beam, power substations and
other sources of electrical interference.

3. Position the patrol vehicle in a safe location, with easy

access to the roadway.

NOTE: Cosine error (angle between the target's direction

of travel vs. the path to the radar), in the
stationary mode, will ALWAYS be in the driver's
favor. Refer to the National Highway Traffic
Safety Administration's "Basic Training Program
in RADAR Speed Measurement" for speed
reduction information due to cosine angle effect.

4. Adjust the Doppler audio for the desired listening level.

Depress the AUDIO switch. The TARGET window
will display "Aud" and the PATROL window will
display the current audio level.
With "Aud" still being displayed, depress either the
AUDIO (down) or RANGE (up) switches to decrease
or increase the audio level. The displays will return to
their normal mode two seconds from the last switch
entry or momentarily depress the HOLD switch to
return to normal operation immediately.

7.2
 Section 7--System Operation

5. To unsquelch the audio, depress the AUDIO switch.

The TARGET window will display "Aud". Depress
the MODE switch. The LOCK window will display
"Un".
To return to squelched audio, with "Aud" and "Un"
being displayed, again depress the MODE switch. The
LOCK window will be blank and the audio will be
squelched. Two seconds after the last switch entry, the
displays will return to their normal functions or
momentarily depress the HOLD switch to return to
normal operation immediately.
6. Set the range control to the desired level. Depress the
RANGE switch and the TARGET window will display
"rnG" and the PATROL window will display the
current level (1 - 6). Also, the six LEDs above the
RANGE switch will display the current range level.
Range level 6 is maximum range, range level 1 reduces
the EAGLE's range to its minimum distance, typically
250 feet.
Depressing the DOWN (AUDIO) or UP (RANGE)
switches will decrease or increase the range level. The
displays will return to their normal mode after
approximately two seconds from the last switch entry
or momentarily depress the HOLD switch to return to
normal operation immediately.

7.3
Section 7--System Operation

7. Check the status of the fan interference filter by

momentarily depressing the RANGE switch. While
"rnG" is being displayed, depress the MODE switch to
display "FAn" in the TARGET window and either
"On" or "OFF" in the LOCK window. Press MODE
again to change the status of the filter. The operator
may activate or deactivate this filter depending on the
amount of fan interference being experienced in a
particular patrol vehicle. If the fan is interfering with
radar operation, activating the filter will reduce the
amount of fan interference.
The displays will return to their normal mode
approximately two seconds from the last switch entry
or momentarily depress the HOLD switch to return to
normal operation immediately.

NOTE: Some degradation of target capture may be noted

with the filter activated. For maximum
performance, if the patrol vehicle has little or no
fan interference, it is suggested that the fan
interference filter be turned off.

7.4
 Section 7--System Operation

7.2 STATIONARY OPERATION

1. Place the unit in the stationary mode by depressing the

MODE switch and observing that both direction
mode/antenna indicators are lit for stationary operation.
Switch to the desired antenna. Set range to the desired
level. (Level 1, target must be very close before the
EAGLE will display the target's speed, Level 6,
maximum range.) Set fan interference filter to the
desired state (see previous section).

*2. If desired, turn the microwave transmitter off by

depressing either the front panel or remote control
HOLD switch. "Hld" will be displayed in the
TARGET window.
3. Complete a tracking history on the target vehicle.

A. Observe the target and surrounding traffic.

B. Estimate the speed of the target vehicle.
*C. Depress the HOLD switch to turn the microwave
transmitter on.
D. Listen to the pitch of the audio; it should
correspond to the estimated speed.
E. Observe the speed reading shown in the EAGLE's
TARGET display. It should correspond with B and
D above.
F. If any of the above elements are incompatible, the
reading must be disregarded.

* Use the HOLD feature to defeat radar detectors.

7.5
Section 7--System Operation

4. If the operator wishes to lock (retain) the violator's

speed, simply depress the LOCK switch on either the
front panel or the remote control. A short alert tone
will be heard and the target speed will be displayed in
the LOCK window.
5. The EAGLE will continue to track the violator's speed
in the TARGET window as long as the vehicle is in the
antenna beam.
6. If the operator switches to the opposite antenna, the
antenna/mode indicator, for the selected antenna at the
time of lock, will flash and the selected antenna will be
on. If the operator changes back to the original
antenna, the original antenna/mode indicator will light
steady.

NOTE: If the auto-unlock feature is enabled, the locked

speed will be automatically unlocked after 14
minutes.

7. To manually unlock or clear the locked speed, depress

the LOCK/REL switch. This will clear the LOCK
window.
8. If the operator changes the mode of operation, such as
stationary to moving, the locked speed will be
automatically unlocked and cannot be recalled.
The EAGLE automatically runs an internal test prior to
locking any speed. Depressing the TEST switch will
allow the EAGLE to complete a lamp and internal test
then return the locked speed.

9. If the remote control is damaged or lost, refer to Section

4.2.1 for default operation of the EAGLE without a
remote control.

7.6
 Section 7--System Operation

7.3 MOVING OPERATION

1. Place the EAGLE in the moving mode of operation by

depressing the MODE switch and observing the
mode/antenna indicators. The patrol and an opposite
direction indicator should be lit.

2. Select the desired antenna, front or rear (if equipped

with dual antennas) by depressing the FRONT/REAR
switch on the remote control. Set the fan interference
filter to the desired state (see Sec 7.1).

3. Set the minimum patrol speed to the desired level--10

or 20 MPH (16 or 32 km/h). To activate this feature,
once the unit has been placed in Moving Mode, press
the remote’s PATROL BLANK switch once. The
TARGET window will display “PAt” and either 10 or
20 will appear in the PATROL window. This display
will be active for two (2) seconds unless another switch
is pressed. To change the displayed minimum speed,
press the MODE switch, which will toggle between the
two speeds.

Once the desired minimum speed is selected, the unit

will time out in two seconds and the displayed speed
will be accepted. This feature cannot be activated with
a locked speed in the LOCK window.

7.7
Section 7--System Operation

To display the minimum patrol speed, press the

PATROL BLANK switch once. Any currently active
displays will be replaced with the selected minimum
patrol speed for two seconds, then the EAGLE will
return to normal operation.

NOTE: This feature cannot be activated with a locked

speed in the LOCK window.

4. Complete a tracking history on a target vehicle as

described in Sect. 7.2.3 and verify the radar's patrol
speed reading with the patrol vehicle's speedometer.

NOTE: If an incorrect patrol speed is obtained, the

operator can go in and out of HOLD quickly.
This will clear all previous speeds, and a new
patrol speed search will be initiated.

5. When all elements agree, enforcement action may be

taken.

6. To lock the violator's speed, depress the LOCK switch.

A short alert tone will be heard and the LOCK window
will display the speed of the target vehicle.
7. The EAGLE will continue to track the target and patrol
speeds.
8. When the patrol vehicle's speed has dropped 10 MPH
(16 km/h) below the speed when lock was activated, or
the antenna selection is changed, the patrol vehicle's
speed, at the time of lock, will begin flashing in the
PATROL window.

NOTE: This allows the operator to continue to track the

target while monitoring the patrol vehicle's speed
and still retain the locked patrol speed.

7.8
 Section 7--System Operation
9. The operator may blank the locked patrol speed display
window, during lock, after the patrol speed has flashed,
by depressing the PATROL BLANK switch on the
remote control. Depressing the switch again will return
the PATROL display.

10. To manually unlock or clear the locked speeds,

depress the LOCK/REL switch. This will clear the
LOCK and PATROL windows.

NOTE: If the auto-unlock feature is enabled, the locked

speeds will be automatically unlocked after 14
minutes.

11. If the operator changes the mode of operation, the

locked speeds will be automatically unlocked and
cannot be recalled.

Depressing the TEST switch will allow the EAGLE to

complete a lamp and internal test then return the locked
speed.
If the antenna was changed to track the target vehicle
after it passed the patrol vehicle, the road graphic
indicators will flash the antenna selected at the time of
lock. All locked speeds will be retained.
12. If the remote control is damaged or lost, refer to
Section 4.2.1 for default operation of the EAGLE
without a remote control.

7.9
Section 7--System Operation

7.4 SPEEDOMETER PULSE OPERATION

Once the synchronization procedure (Sec. 6.7) has been

completed, no further action is needed unless the EAGLE
has been placed in another patrol vehicle. If so, the
synchronization procedure must be repeated for the new
vehicle if use of the speedometer pulse input is desired.
The radar may be operated with or without the
speedometer pulse input. If it is not connected to the
speedometer pulse input, it will operate as a standard radar.
If the EAGLE is connected to the speedometer pulse input,
it will operate as a standard radar until it detects
speedometer pulses. Then it will automatically reconfigure
to the stored synchronization code.
After the unit has received pulses, it can be temporarily
forced out of the speedometer mode by pressing the TEST
switch. The unit will return to the speedometer mode
when it receives speedometer pulses again.

7.5 SETTING FAN INTERFERENCE FILTER MODE

To set the fan interference filter either on or off, depress

the RANGE switch, then the MODE switch. The
TARGET window will display "FAn" and the LOCK
window will display either "On" or "OFF". To change the
state, depress the MODE switch again. The radar unit will
exit this mode approximately 2 seconds after the last
switch entry, or may be returned to radar mode
immediately by pressing the HOLD switch.

7.6 MAINTENANCE MODE

The EAGLE has a maintenance/configuration mode which

can be used by technicians for diagnosis and
troubleshooting. This mode can be accessed by holding
the POWER switch depressed for 5 seconds or longer. It
can be immediately exited by pressing the HOLD switch or
by turning the unit off and back on again.

7.10
 Section 8--Interference

8.0 GENERAL

Interferences from external sources may affect the standard

operation of any radar device, including the EAGLE.
These influences can be natural or man-made, however the
Digital Signal Processing circuitry will eliminate most of
these influences and a knowledgeable operator should be
able to determine the nature of the influences and their
effect, if any, on the performance of the EAGLE.

8.1 NATURAL INFLUENCES

1. Heavy rain and blowing dust can cause a scattering

effect which may reduce the effective range of the
EAGLE. The patrol speed can also be affected by
driving rain. It is recommended that the operator check
the patrol speed reading and the patrol vehicle's
speedometer often during rainy periods.
2. Terrain can affect the range of the EAGLE. Improper
aiming of the antenna can cause the radar to appear to
have short range. If the target vehicle were on a slight
incline, the antenna could be shooting short of the
intended target vehicle.
3. Strong reflections from roadside objects, such as large
signs, parked cars and buildings can cause double
bounce reflections which are the same as the patrol
speed. These "harmonics" are detected by the DSP,
which inhibits their display. The TARGET window
will display "--" until this condition no longer exists.

8.1
Section 8--Interference

8.2 MAN-MADE INFLUENCES

1. Various reflections can cause most radar to display

incorrect speed readings. These include shadowing,
combined speeds, moving cosine error and fan speed
interferences.
Unlike any other radar, the DSP can sense and
eliminate many of the interferences that the radar unit
might see during normal operation. As an example, fan
speed interference may be detected and not displayed
as a speed on the EAGLE. However, if strong
interference exists, the range (distance) to a target may
be reduced as long as the interference is present.
2. Patrol speed shadowing may occur when the radar unit
receives a stronger signal from a large vehicle traveling
the same direction than the groundspeed return signal
of the patrol vehicle. This difference speed may be
placed in the PATROL window and used instead of the
proper patrol speed. See Section 8.3.
3. The combined speed effect can occur when the patrol
vehicle and the target vehicle are approaching each
other at low speeds, usually in the 25 to 35 mph (40 to
56 km/h) range each, and at relative short distances,
usually less than 300 feet. The radar unit sees a strong
reflection from the combined speed signal and analog
radar units may display this speed instead of the true
patrol speed. See Section 8.3.

4. Intermittent readings caused by pointing the antenna at

the indicating unit (scanning) should not be a concern
to the trained operator. Proper mounting of the antenna
on a dash mount will eliminate this problem. In
addition, these readings would not satisfy all the
requirements of proper tracking history.

8.2
 Section 8--Interference
5. If the power supply voltage drops below the minimum
operating voltage, the EAGLE will not display any new
speed readings until the low voltage condition is no
longer exists. "Lo" will be displayed in the TARGET
window.

6. Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) exists when there

are strong RF transmitting stations in the immediate
area of the radar unit, such as the patrol vehicle's
transmitting radio, high power radio or television
stations. These sources of interference will be detected
by the EAGLE and the TARGET window will display
"rFi" until the source of interference is eliminated.

7. Heater and A/C fan motors can cause conventional

analog radar units to display the fan's speed, rather than
a weaker target vehicle's speed. The EAGLE's DSP
processing attempts to distinguish fan speeds from
actual vehicles and will ignore fan interference signals.
Refer to Sec. 7.5, "Setting Fan Interference Filter
Mode".

NOTE: Refer to the National Highway Traffic Safety

Administration's Basic Training Program in
RADAR Speed Measurement, June 1991, for
further information on interferences and training
guides.

8.3
Section 8--Interference

8.3 GROUNDSPEED

True groundspeed of the patrol vehicle is required by all

moving traffic radar systems before a target vehicle speed
can be accurately computed. If the EAGLE loses correct
groundspeed, the operator can recapture groundspeed by
quickly activating and then deactivating the HOLD mode.

The EAGLE's DSP system will always look for and display
groundspeed before displaying any targets. The
groundspeed radar signature is unlike any target or
interference signal. The DSP can identify this pattern,
which is helpful in situations such as shadowing or
combined speeds. While this technology will eliminate
most of the influences found in moving radar, it is still the
responsibility of the operator to complete a tracking history
on the target vehicle and verify the patrol speed with the
patrol vehicle's speedometer.

Close observation of the patrol vehicle's speed reading is

recommended to avoid possible confusion.

NOTE: Minimum ground speed displayed is selectable at

either 10 or 20 MPH (16 or 32 km/h). To check
the setting, press the PATROL BLANK switch
while the radar is not locked. The TARGET
window will display "PAt", the PATROL window
will display either "10" or "20". To change the
setting, press the MODE switch once while the
"PAt" "10" or "20" is being displayed. The unit
will automatically return to normal operation after
2 seconds.

8.4
 Section 8--Interference

Operating moving radar in the rain and snow requires the

operator to pay close attention to the patrol speed. Since
rain, fog and snow may affect the ability of the radar
system to find groundspeed, the operator must verify that
the radar's patrol speed and the patrol vehicle's
speedometer agree within allowable limits.

8.5
 Section 9--Recommended Care & Maintenance

9.0 CARE OF THE EAGLE

The EAGLE radar system is designed for long, reliable use

by law enforcement agencies. Following basic care
guidelines will ensure the unit gives many years of trouble-
free service.

1. Use a damp cloth to clean the outside of the radar unit if

it becomes dirty. DO NOT use excessive water or any
cleaners or sprays on the outer surface of EAGLE's
display unit, antennas or remote control.

2. As with all electrical or electronic equipment, protect

from moisture. Should any liquid get inside, remove
power immediately and send the unit in to a repair
facility. Prompt action can minimize any damage.
3. Outside mounted antennas are designed for constant
exposure to the elements. Periodic checking of the
antenna for cracked or damaged lens or cables is
recommended.

4. There are no user serviceable parts in the EAGLE.

Inside the unit is an over current protection device that
will shut the radar down if this condition exists. After
the over current condition is removed, the protection
device will again allow normal operation.

5. Do not pick up or carry the logic or display units by the

power, interconnect or the antenna cables. Do not
unplug the power cable from the receptacle by pulling
on the power cable. Grasp the plug and remove. Use
care in attaching antenna cables to ensure pins are
properly lined up with their receptacles.

Broken power and antenna cables are a common cause

of intermittent operation.

9.1
Section 9--Recommended Care & Maintenance

6. If the radar exhibits decreasing range over a period of

time, the unit should be examined by an authorized
service center for possible receiver diode degradation.
Receiver diode degradation has no effect on the unit's
accuracy, but will result in unsatisfactory target range.
7. Kustom Signals recommends periodic maintenance of
the EAGLE radar system. Check with your local
service center and judicial district for requirements.

9.2
 Section 10--Case law

10.0 CASE LAW

This section is included so radar operators and those

individuals responsible for prosecuting traffic arrests can
familiarize themselves with the more important legal cases
involving the use of traffic radar. To obtain additional
information on the referenced material, consult your
community's local law library or the prosecutor's office.

Since the EAGLE is a Doppler based traffic radar system,

some older case law is presented because of its
significance to the acceptance of the Doppler principles as
well as the basic requirements of the tuning fork test and
operator training.
Reference A -- State vs. Dantonio (N.J.) 1955 115 A2d
35, 49 ALR 2d 460. Landmark case on the acceptance of
the Doppler principles as used in traffic radar.

Reference B -- State vs. Shelt (Ohio) 1975 75-D O-3682,

L-75-166. Establishes that the courts may take judicial
notice of the reliability of moving radar.
Reference C -- Honeycutt vs. Commonwealth (Ky) 1966
408 SW 2d 421. Court establishes that a tuning fork test is
an accurate method of testing the accuracy of a radar unit
and along with the visual observations of a trained
operator, is an accurate means of determining the speed of
vehicles.
Reference D -- Krueger, Pantos and Payne vs. State of
California 1986 (class action suit - suppression hearing on
radar) 887092, DP44339 and DP54571. Court ruled that a
properly built and tested radar used by a trained operator
can accurately determine the speed of vehicles. The judge
dismissed each of the defendant's claims that outside
influences render the radar readings inaccurate in the
moving mode of operation. He ruled that proper classroom
and field training enables an officer to avoid any false or
inaccurate readings due to outside influences.

10.1
Section 10--Case Law
The court held and took judicial notice of the accuracy of
Doppler radar in both the stationary and moving modes of
operation.

Reference E -- Samuel Knight vs. State of New York

Superior Court. 72 N.Y. 2d 481, 530 N.E. 2d 1273 (1988).
The court ruled that a trained operator, who properly tested
the radar, observed the traffic and checked the patrol speed
against the patrol vehicle's speedometer, can accurately
determine the speed of vehicles while the patrol vehicle is
moving.
The court affirmed the lower court's ruling and accepted
judicial notice of the radar in the moving mode of
operation.

10.2
 Section 11--FCC Licensing

11.0 FCC - TRANSMITTER RULES AMENDED

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has

amended its rules to eliminate the required annual
measurement of transmitter power, frequency and
modulation and to specify transmitter power in terms of
output power for licensees in the Public Safety, Industrial
and Land Transportation Radio Services. The action was
the result of a rule making procedure initiated October 29,
1976, on the request of HT&B Electronics.
Under the rules, which amend Part 89, 91 and 93, licensees
are required to operate their transmitters within the
specified technical parameters.

Each licensee must take effective measures to ensure the

integrity of his communications system, including periodic
evaluation of receiver performance in order that undue air
time not be consumed in repeating messages lost through
poor effective receiver sensitivity, the FCC said.

For the sake of convenience and simplicity of transmitter

power measurement, the FCC specified that in the future,
transmitter output power, rather than the direct current
input power to the final radio frequency stage, be the
standard parameter used to indicate transmitter power. The
FCC defined transmitter output power as that power
measured at the transmitter output terminals when
connected to a load of the impedance recommended by the
equipment manufacturer.

11.1
Section 11--FCC Licensing

11.1 FCC - RADAR UNIT LICENSING AMENDED

(PART 90)

The Commission has eliminated the requirement for local

governmental entities licensed in the Public Safety Radio
services to obtain a separate authorization for radar speed
detection devices.
This change reduces paperwork for the Commission's
licensing staff and for police and other local government
units, which no longer have to apply for new radar
authorizations or modify or renew existing licenses and
may operate speed detection devices as part of their
base/mobile communications systems.
To provide the Commission with a record of such units in
use, the licensees are required to list the number of speed
detection units and the frequencies on which they operate
at the time of renewal of their land mobile authorization.
Ordinarily, this would be once every five years and would
not be a significant addition to the renewal process, the
Commission noted.

This action became effective February 1, 1983.

If the owning department does not hold a Public Safety
Radio license, but is dispatched by another agency, the
owning department will need to obtain a Public Safety
Radio license from the FCC. Filing FCC form 574 and
obtaining a separate license will be required before placing
the radar into service.

11.2
 Section 12--Troubleshooting

12.0 TROUBLESHOOTING

If an operating difficulty is encountered, check the

following list of possible problems and solutions before
returning the unit to the factory or local Service Center.

Problem Possible Solution

No Power Indication Check for proper voltage at

cigarette plug. If indicators
momentarily flash, problem may
be an over current condition.
Disconnect all antennas. If
problem still exists, remove unit
from service.
Reseat the cigarette plug in the
socket.
Check fuses if using vehicle's
cigarette socket.
Unit will not complete Verify the power plug is secure.
test cycle or shows Err
message Remove unit from service.
Record error.

12.1
Section 12--Troubleshooting
No target speeds Verify that RANGE control has all
during tuning fork six (6) LED indicators lit.
test
Verify the desired antenna is
selected.
Verify the unit is NOT in the
HOLD mode.
Unsquelch audio. Listen for
Doppler tone.
Verify (moving mode) that patrol
speed is showing the correct
speed—30 or 35 MPH (45 km/h).
Lightly strike the tuning fork and
retest.
Remove unit from service if above
tests fail.

No patrol speed during Verify that the unit is NOT in the

tuning fork test HOLD mode.
Verify the desired antenna is
selected.
If speedometer input is used, press
TEST button before performing
any moving mode tuning fork test.
Verify the proper tuning forks are
being used.
Lightly strike the tuning fork and
retest.
Remove unit from service if above
tests fail.

12.2
 Section 12--Troubleshooting

No target readings in Verify that the unit is NOT in

stationary mode the HOLD mode.
Verify the range control is set
properly.
Verify the desired antenna is
selected.

Verify the antenna is aimed

properly and the target is within
range of the radar.
Unsquelch the audio and verify
that a Doppler tone is heard
when targets are present. If no
Doppler tone is heard, change
antennas or remove unit from
service.
Refer to fan interference in Sec.
8.2.

Remove unit from service if

above tests fail.

No patrol speed (unit not Verify that the unit is NOT in

in lock) the HOLD mode.
Verify the desired antenna is
selected.
Verify the antenna is aimed
parallel to the ground and
straight down the roadway.

Verify there are no obstructions

directly in front of the antenna.

12.3
Section 12--Troubleshooting

No patrol speed (unit Weather conditions (heavy rain,

not in lock) (cont) snow or fog) may affect the
EAGLE’s ability to pick up
groundspeed.

Verify the patrol speed is above

the minimum patrol speed
setting and below 100 MPH (160
km/h). To check the setting,
press PATROL BLANK. To
change the setting, press MODE.

Place unit in stationary mode

and unsquelch audio. Drive
patrol vehicle and verify the
TARGET window displays
proper groundspeed and the
Doppler audio is free of
interference. If no speed
readings are obtained, or no
Doppler tone is heard, change
antennas.

If speedometer input is used:

Verify unit is synchronized to
patrol vehicle (see 6.7).
Verify patrol speed is above
10 MPH (16 km/h).
Verify antenna is aimed
properly and is not obstructed.
Remove unit from service if
above tests fail.

12.4
 Section 12--Troubleshooting

Speedometer input will Verify unit is not in HOLD.

not synchronize
Verify the speedometer input
cable is connected properly.
Verify the remote control is
connected properly.

Patrol speed must be between

30-70 MPH (48-112 km/h).
(Refer to sec. 6.7.)
If above tests fail, remove
speedometer input cable from
rear panel and depress TEST
switch. Unit will now function
as a standard radar.
No target readings in Verify that the unit is NOT in
moving mode the HOLD mode.
Verify the range control is set
properly.
Verify the desired antenna is
selected.
Verify the proper patrol speed is
being displayed.
Verify moving mode is selected.

12.5
Section 12--Troubleshooting
No target readings in Target speed may be harmonic
moving mode (cont) (same as) patrol speed. Change
patrol speed 2 or 3 mph.
Unsquelch the audio and verify
that a Doppler tone is heard
when targets are present. If no
Doppler tone is heard, change
antennas or remove unit from
service.

Perform a tuning fork test with

selected antenna.
Remove unit from service if
above tests fail.

Short range Verify the range control is

properly set for the desired
distance to the target vehicle.

Verify the desired antenna is

selected.

Verify the antenna is properly

aimed.
Verify the unit is not in the
HOLD mode.
Verify there are no obstructions
between the antenna and the
target.

Weather conditions (heavy rain,

snow or fog) may affect the
EAGLE's range.

12.6
 Section 12--Troubleshooting

Short range (cont) Check for electrical influences.

Place radar in stationary mode,
unsquelch audio and listen for
interferences in audio.

Strong fan interference will

reduce the operating range of the
EAGLE. Refer to Sections 7.1
and 7.5 for information on the
fan interference filter.
NOTE: Use of the shielded
auxiliary power cable may
eliminate the vehicle's electrical
noise problems.

Remove unit from service if

above tests fail.
Intermittent Readings Sometimes caused by multiple
targets travelling at or near the
same speed.

Verify the range control is

properly set.
Target vehicle may be out of
range of radar.

Verify there are no obstructions

between the radar and the target.
Moving mode - verify proper
patrol speed is being displayed.

12.7
Section 12--Troubleshooting

Intermittent Readings Target speed may be a harmonic

(cont) (same speed) as the patrol speed
(moving mode). Change patrol
speed 2 or 3 mph.
Weather conditions (heavy rain,
snow or fog) may affect the
EAGLE's ability to pick up
proper groundspeed or the target
vehicle.
Verify vehicle electrical
influences. (See "Short Range"
listed above).

Fan interference Place unit in stationary mode.

Unsquelch audio and turn audio
to mid-range value. Set range
control to level "6". Move
antenna and mount around on
dashboard or rear deck until fan
interference subsides or is
reduced.
Activate the fan interference
filter (see Sec. 7.1 and 7.5 for
information on activation.)

12.8
 Section 13--Options

13.0 OPTIONS SETUP

The EAGLE radar unit allows the operator to change

certain operating parameters of the unit. The following is a
list of the available parameters. Each has a number after
the option. An example will be given to instruct the
operator how to change the unit.

Option Add

No AUTO UNLOCK 0
Automatic UNLOCK 1
OPEN
Minimum Audio (level 0) 0
Minimum Audio (level 1) 4
Patrol Speed Blank 0
No Patrol Speed Blank 8
KSI Video Output 0
Gateway Output 32
DRU Style Output 64
Direct Video Output 96

MPH 0
KPH 128

13.1
Section 13--Options

13.1 OPTIONS DESCRIPTIONS

The following is a description of the function of each one

of the Options the operator can set.

13.1.1 AUTOMATIC UNLOCKING OF LOCKED

SPEEDS

The Eagle defaults to not automatically unlocking speeds

the officer has locked. If automatic unlocking is required,
add 1 to the Options total.

NOTE: Due to state regulations, if this option has been

turned on at the factory, it cannot be turned off in
the field.

13.1.2 MINIMUM AUDIO LEVEL

The Eagle defaults to allow the audio level to be to 0

(audio off). If it is required that the audio cannot be turned
off, add 4 to the Options total.

NOTE: Due to state regulations, if this option has been

turned on at the factory, it cannot be turned off in
the field.

13.2
 Section 13--Options

13.1.3 PATROL BLANK

The Eagle defaults to allow the operator to blank the

locked patrol speed. If it is required that the lock patrol
speed cannot be blanked, add 8 to the Options total.

NOTE: Due to international regulations, if this option has

been turned on at the factory, it cannot be turned
off in the field.

13.1.4 INTERFACE OUTPUT PROTOCOL

The Eagle defaults to allow the radar unit to interface the

KSI Eyewitness video or giant display equipment. Contact
Kustom's Customer Service Department at (800)-835-0156
or (620) 431-2700, before changing the output protocol
option.

13.1.5 SPEED READING UNITS

The Eagle defaults to displaying the speed-readings in

miles per hour. If kilometers per hour reading are
required, add 128 to the Options total.

13.3
Section 13--Options

13.2 OPTIONS EXAMPLES

Using the above options list, add all the numbers for the
options you want active. NOTE: default options, such as
MPH and Patrol Blank, have a value of zero (0).
To enter the Options Menu mode, power the unit off, then
press and hold the POWER switch until the power-on
sequence stops. Press the TEST switch until OPt appears
in the TARGET window and a number appears in the
LOCK window. This number may be zero.
Using the UP and DOWN arrows (AUDIO and RANGE
switches), increase or decrease the number for the value
needed. To make these changes permanent (until changed
again), depress the LOCK/REL switch once. When the
options have been accepted, the unit will automatically
return to radar mode.

EXAMPLE: The operator wishes to permanently change

the operation of the unit to the following: Automatic
Unlock = 1, no Patrol Blank = 8, Gateway (unencrypted)
output = 32 and MPH = 0. These numbers are added for a
total of 41. When the menu function is entered (see
above), use the UP and DOWN arrows to adjust the
number shown in the LOCK window until 41 is shown.
The operator would then depress the LOCK/REL switch
one time and the changes would be accepted and used
every time the radar is powered up.

13.4
 INDEX

Subject Page

Accuracy............................................................................... 2.1
Audio Control ......................................................... 3.5, 4.2, 7.2
Case Law ................................................................... 10.1, 10.2
Connectors............................................................................ 4.3
Cosine Factor........................................................................ 7.2
Displays--Function ............................................................... 4.1
--Size ............................................................. 2.3
Equipment Supplied ............................................................. 3.1
Fan Interference ..............3.5, 3.6, 6.4, 7.4, 7.10, 8.3, 12.7, 12.8
FCC Requirements..................................................... 11.1, 11.2
Frequency ............................................................................. 2.1
Functions .............................................................................. 7.1
Groundspeed......................................................................... 8.4
Health Issues......................................................................... 5.2
Indicators ................................................................ 2.4, 4.2, 4.3
Installation--Airbag Information........................................... 3.3
Auxiliary Power Receptacle.......................... 3.2
Front Antenna ............................................... 3.4
Rear Antenna................................................. 3.6
Indicator ........................................................ 3.3
Speedometer Pulse Cable .............................. 3.7
Interference-Man-Made ........................................................ 8.2
Natural........................................................... 8.1
Law......................................................................See Case Law
Light Dimming ..................................................................... 4.2
Lock/Release--Auto Release........................ 7.6, 7.9, 13.1, 13.2
Buttons ................................................... 4.1, 4.4
Moving Mode................................................ 7.9
Stationary Mode ............................................ 7.6
Low Voltage .................................................................. 2.4, 8.3
Maintenance.......................................................................... 9.1
INDEX

Subject Page

Maintenance Mode ............................................................. 7.10

Microwave RF Emissions..................................................... 5.2
Minimum Patrol Speed .................................... 4.5, 7.7, 7.8, 8.4
Modes—Maintenance/Configuration ................................. 7.10
Moving ..................................................................... 7.7
Stationary.................................................................. 7.5
Moving .....................................................................See Modes
Options ............................................................................... 13.1
Available Options ................................................... 13.1
Description of Options............................................ 13.2
Setting Options ....................................................... 13.4
Patrol Speed Blanking ................................................... 4.5, 7.8
Power--Receptacle, Auxiliary............................................... 3.2
Requirements ................................................ 2.1
Range Control................................................................ 4.2, 7.3
Remote Control .................................................................... 4.4
Lost or Broken .............................................. 4.5
Set-Up................................................................................... 7.2
Specifications--General ........................................................ 2.1
Operational.................................................... 2.2
Speed Ranges ....................................................................... 2.3
Speedometer Input—Installation .......................................... 3.7
Operation .................................................... 7.10
Synchronization ............................ 4.5, 6.7, 12.5
Stationary..................................................................See Modes
Switches--Display Unit......................................................... 4.1
Audio ............................................................ 4.2
Hold .............................................................. 4.2
Lock/Release................................................. 4.1
Mode ............................................................. 4.2
Power On ...................................................... 4.2
Range ............................................................ 4.2
Test ............................................................... 4.1
 INDEX

Subject Page

Switches--Remote Control.................................................... 4.4

Front/Rear ..................................................... 4.5
Hold .............................................................. 4.4
Lock/Release................................................. 4.4
Patrol Speed Blank........................................ 4.5
Testing .................................................................................. 6.1
Automatic Self-Test .................................................. 6.2
Failure ................................................................ 6.2, 6.6
Manual ...................................................................... 6.2
Power-On.................................................................. 6.1
Speedometer....................................................... 6.7, 7.8
Tuning Fork--Moving .............................................. 6.5
Stationary ...................................................... 6.4
Theory of Operation ............................................................. 5.1
Tracking History............................................................ 7.5, 7.8
Training ................................................................................ 7.1
Troubleshooting.................................................................. 12.1
Unsquelch Audio ........................................................... 3.5, 7.3
 AIRBAG CAUTION

Equipment mounted in 1994 or later series

police vehicles may interfere with the operation
of passenger side airbags. Information is
available directly from the automobile
manufacturers regarding areas for safe
mounting of equipment such as police radar.

Since this information will vary by vehicle make

and model year, Kustom Signals recommends
contacting the vehicle manufacturer and
following their instructions with respect to
mounting of radar units and other equipment.

For additional mounting suggestions, please

contact the Kustom Signals Customer Service
Department.

Kustom Signals cannot accept any liability for

equipment, which has been mounted in conflict
with the vehicle manufacturer's
recommendation for proper airbag deployment.