CHAPTER 8: (i) Draw arrows in the circle

circl to show
ELECTROMAGNETISM the direction of the compass.
(ii) The coils PQ act as a magnet.
8.1 ELECTROMAGNETISM State the magnetic polarity at :

1. P: Q:
The diagram shows 4 compasses are
placed on a horizontal cardboard. A (iii)On
On the diagram below, sketch
straight wire passes through the magnetic field line around and
centre of the cardboard. When the inside the coils PQ. Show the
current is switched off, all the direction of the magnetic
magneti field.
compasses needles point north.

2.
The structure of a relay and its
related connections is shown is
diagram below.

(a) On the diagram below, draw

arrows to show the direction of
the needles when the current
flows through the straight wire
into the cardboard.
(i) What are the parts X, Y and Z
shown in the diagram?
X – _______________________
Y – _______________________
Z – _______________________

(b) Current passes through a coil (ii) The relay coil is wound on a
PQ as shown below. The metal core M. State a suitable
circles represent the material for this metal core M.
compasses.

(iii)Explain
Explain why this material is
suitable to be used.

(iv)Give a reason why the high

voltage is switched in this way
rather than by inserting a
switch directly in the high
voltage circuit.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
3. Question 8: SBP 08
Diagram 8.1 shows a simple
electromagnet used for lifting and Material used Shape of the
releasing a small metal ball. for the core core

Steel

Soft iron

Aluminium

Diagram 8.1

(a) In Diagram 8.1, mark the

direction of the current flow in
the solenoid when the switch is
on.
(c)
(b) (i) Name the magnetic pole at
the end of the core P when
the switch is on?
Table 8
Based on Table 8, state the
suitable properties to be
chosen to built an
electromagnet and state the
reason for your choice.

……………………………………. (i) Material used for the

[ 1 mark ] Core

(ii) State the rule used to ……………………………..

determine the pole of the [ 1 mark ]
magnetic field. (ii) Reason

…………………………………… ...........................................
[ 1 mark ] [ 1 mark ]

(iii) Based on the solenoid in (iii) Shape of the core

Diagram 8.1, draw the
magnetic field lines that is ...........................................
form around the solenoid [ 1 mark ]
when the switch is on. In (iv) Reason
your diagram show the
direction of the magnetic ...........................................
field lines. [ 1 mark ]
[ 2 marks ]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(d) The electromagnet in 8 (c) is
used in an electric bell as
shown in Diagram 8.2.

(a) On the diagram,

ram, mark and label
with B the direction of the
magnetic field.
Diagram 8.2
(b) When the switch is closed, the
Explain the working principle copper rod move along the
of the electric bell. copper rails. On the diagram
 mark and label direction of
……………………………………. current, I through the
copper rod.
…………………………………….  Mark and label, F , the
direction of the motion of
……………………………………. the rod.

…………………………………….
……………………………. (c) Explain how the motion of the
[ 3 marks] copper rod is produced.

8.2 MAGNETIC FORCE __________________________

4. Diagram below shows an
arrangement to study the effect of
magnetic field on a copper rod
carrying current. The bare cooper
rod is free to move along the bare
copper rails.
__________________________
__________________________
______________
(d) What happen to the motion of
the copper rod and explain
your answer when
(i) the rheostat is adjusted
adju
until its resistance
decreases.

_________________________

_________________________

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 (ii) the battery is replaced by (iii)name
name the rule used to
a.c. power supply determine the direction of
the force.
_______________________
________________________
_______________________
(e) What is the direction of
(e) Name one instruments which rotation of the coil?
use
se the principle involved in
(b). _________________________

____________________________
__________________________
6. The diagram shows the
arrangement of an apparatus to
5. The diagram shows the structure investigate the interaction
of a direct current motor. between a current-carrying
carrying
conductor and the e magnetic field.

(a) Name the part labeled

(i) P : _____________________

(ii) Q : ____________________
(a) Name the type of the magnet
(b) What is the function of the part is used.
labeled
(i) P : _____________________
(b) When the switch is closed,
(ii) Q : _____________________ (i) indicate and label the
direction of the current
(c) Label the direction of the flows through wire X.
current in the coil.
(d) State and label the direction of (ii) what happen to motion of
the forces acting on wire X and give the reason
(i) the
e SV side of the coil: ____ for your answer.

(ii) the
e TU side of the coil: ____

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 (c) Suggest two ways to change (iii) How can n the magnitude of the
the direction of the motion of force be increased?
wire X.
……………………………………….
_______________________
……………………………………….
[2 marks]
_______________________
8. Figure(a) shows the structural
7. Question 5:Pahang 08 design of a moving coil ammeter.
Diagram 5 demonstrates the force
acting on a current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field.

Diagram 5

(a) When the switch

witch is closed, what
observation can you make?
Figure(a)
..........................................................
[1 mark] (a) On Figure(b) draw the pattern of
(b) State the rule which can be used the magnetic fields formed
to determine the direction of before the current flows through
motion of the copper wire? the coil.
……………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) (i) If the direction of current is
reversed, what different
observation can be made?

..................................................... Figure(b)
[1 mark]
(ii) Draw the pattern of (b) When the current flows through
electromagnetic field that the coil, the pointer is
produces the motion of the deflected.
copper wire as in (a)? (i) What type of current is used?

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 (ii)Explain how the pointer Table 8 shows the specifications of four
deflects. galvanometer J, K, L and M.
Galva- Wire Core Number
_________________________ nometer used material of turns
for the of coils
_________________________ coil
(iii) Why is the coil stops to J Thin Soft Large
deflect? iron
K Thick Steel Small
__________________________ L Thin Steel Small
M Thick Soft Large
__________________________ iron

(b) Based on Table 8, state the

9. Question 8:MRSM 08
Diagram 8 shows a galvanometer
with a resistance of 5 Ω and a full-
scale deflection of 5 mA.
suitable specifications for the coil
and the core to make the
galvanometer more efficient.
Give the reason for the suitability
of the aspects.
(i) Wire used for the coil

...................................................

Reason

...................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Core material

...................................................
Diagram 8
Reason
The galvanometer uses the
interaction between the magnetic ...................................................
field of a permanent magnet and the [2 marks]
magnetic field of an electromagnet to
measure a small current. The coil of
the galvanometer gets heated up (iii) Number of turns of the coil
quickly, thus affecting the reading
shown by the pointer. ...................................................
(a) What is meant by
electromagnet? Reason

…………………………………………… ...................................................
[1 mark] [2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(c) Based on the answers in 8(b),
determine the most suitable (a) (i) Name the type of motor
galvanometer in Table 8 to shown in the diagram above.
measure a small current.
……………………………………….
………………………………………… [1 mark]
[1 mark] (ii) what is the function of the
part labeled X?
(d) A resistor is added to the
galvanometer to enable it to ……………………………………….
[2 marks]
produce a full-scale
scale deflection
when the current is 1 Ampere.
(b) (i) By refering to Diagram 7.1,
(i) State how the resistor should
draw the related catapult field
be connected to the
in the diagram below.
galvanometer. Tick (x) the
[1 mark]
correct answer.

……… In series with the

galvanometer
………. Parallel to the
galvanometer.
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain your answer in 8(d)(i)

.................................................. (ii) In your diagram, draw and

[1 mark] label the direction of forces
produced.
(iii) Calculate the resistance
istance of [1 mark]
the added resistor.
[2 marks] (iii)State
State one factor that affects
the speed of rotation of the
armature.
10. Question 7:MRSM 09
Diagram 7.1 shows a simple electric ……………………………………..
motor. [1 mark]

(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the same

type of electric motor used in a
blender to grind food where a
blade is attached to the electric
motor.

Diagram 7.1

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 (a) Mark on the wire the direction
of the induced current that
flows through it.

(b) Name the rule that is used to

Diagram 7.2 work out the direction of the
current.
Suggest and explain the
modifications which need to b be done __________________________
for each of the following:
(i) To enable the motor to be used (c) Describe the effect on the
with alternating current. induced current
ent if:
(i) the wire is moved vertically
..................................................... upwards at a low speed,

.................................................... ________________________
[2 marks]
(ii) the wire is moved vertically
(ii) To increase the strength of the upwards at a higher speed.
magnetic field.
_______________________
.....................................................
(iii)The
The wire is held stationary
..................................................... in between the poles of the
[2 marks] magnet.

________________________
_____________________
8.3 ELECTROMAGNETI C
INDUCTION 12. The south pole of a bar magnet is
moved towards a solenoid that it
11. A straight thick copper wire that is connected to a sensitive centre-
centre
connected to a sensitive centre
centre- zero galvanometer.
zero galvanometer is moved
vertically
tically downwards in a
magnetic field.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 i. Mark on the solenoid:
(i) the end that will become
a south pole.
(ii) The direction of the
induced current.
ii. State three ways to increase
the induced current in the
solenoid
________________________
________________________
13. Question 2:Melaka 09
Diagram 2.1 shows a bar magnet
before and when is pushed into a
solenoid.
Diagram 2.1
(a) Name the science phenomenon
involved in Diagram 2.1?
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
……………………………………..
[1 mark]
(b) State the polarity of the solenoid
at mark ‘X’. Tick () the correct
answer in the box below.
North
South
[1 mark]
(c) Diagram 2.2 shows a magnet bar
is pulling away from inside a
solenoid.
Diagram 2.1
On Diagram 2.2
(i) mark the direction of the
current flow in the circuit
(ii) by using an arrow mark the
compass direction on the
compass above
[2 marks]
14. Question 4
Diagram 4 shows a bar magnet is
hung on a spring that attached to a
retort stand. The bar magnet is
displaced downwards and released
so it can oscillate through a solenoid
which is connected to a centre-zero
galvanometer.
 (ii) Give the reason for your
answer.

...................................................
[1 mark]

15. Question 6:SBP 07

Diagram 6.1 and 6.2 show a bar
magnet is pushed into a solenoid
sole at a
speed of 2 ms-1.

(a) What is meant by

electromagnetic induction?

...................................................
........................................
[1 mark]

(b). When the bar magnet move

towards the solenoid, the
galvanometer pointer deflect for
a while.

(i) Explain why the

galvanometer pointer
deflects?

..................................................
[1 mark]

(ii). State the polarity of end A

and end B of the solenoid. (a) State the physical quantity that is
represented by the deflection of
A : ....................................... the galvanometer.

B : ........................................... …………………………………….......
[2 marks] [1 mark]
(b) Based on Diagram 6.1 and
(c) If the spring is replaced by a Diagram 6.2:
stiffer spring, (i) State two differences that can
(i) state the change to the angle be observed from Diagram 6.1
of deflection of the and Diagram 6.2.
galvanometer pointer?
....................................................
.....................................................
[1 mark] ....................................................

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 [2 marks] [1 mark]

(ii) Based on the answer in (b)(i),
explain why these differences
occur?
....................................................
....................................................
....................................................
[2 marks]
(c) Name the physics law
involved in 6(b)(ii).
.............................................
................................................
[1 mark]
(d) Explain why the direction of
current in the solenoid is upward
as shown in Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2?
........................................................
........................................................
[2 marks]
16. Kedah 07 Q6
Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show
that a current is induced in a
solenoid when there is relative
motion between the solenoid and the
bar magnet.
(b) Based on the direction of the
current in Diagram 6.1 and
Diagram 6.2;
(i) Label the polarity at the end of
each solenoid in box X and box
Y.
[2 marks]
(ii) Label the direction of motion of
the bar magnet in Diagam 6.1
and Diagram 6.2
[2 marks]
(c)(i) Based on the answers in 6(b)(i)
and 6(b)(ii), state the effect of
the polarity at the end of the
solenoid on the motion of the
bar magnet.
......................................................
...............................
...............................
[2 marks]
(ii) Name the law that applies to
(c)(i).
....................................................
..............................
[1 mark]
(d) Suggest one method to increase
the induced current in the
solenoid.

.....................................
..................................
[1 mark]

Diagram 6.1 Diagram 6.2

(a) What is meant by induced

current?

.....................................
.............................
FIZIKMOZAC 2010

17. The diagram shows the structural
design of a generator.
(a) Name the principle used in
the generator.
_______________________
(b) Mark the directions of current
flow in WX and YZ when the
side WX of the coil is
displaced in downwards
direction.
(c) Draw a graph to show the
variation with time of the
current in conductor YZ.
(d) What happens to the current
flows in conductor YZ when
the speed of the coil’s
rotations is increased?
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
_______________________
8.4 TRANSFORMER
18. Question 3:Negeri 9 09
The diagram 3 shows a U-shaped
laminated soft iron core is wound
with insulated copper wire AB and
CD. An a.c. voltage of 240 V is
connected at the end of AB and a
bulb 12V 60W is connected at the end
CD.
(a) What type of transformer is
shown in Diagram 3.
………………………………………..
[ 1 mark ]
(b) State one reason why the a.c.
voltage is supplied.
…………………………………………
[ 1 mark ]
(c) The bulb lights up with normal
brightness. Determine the ratio of
the number of turns in the coil AB
to the number of turns in the coil
CD.
[ 2 marks ]
(d) The voltage supply 240 V.
 alternating current. is replaced by ..........................................................
........................................
a voltage supply 240 V direct [1 mark]
current.
(c) For the bulb operating at the
(i) What happens to brightness of normal brightness, calculate:
the bulb. (i) the current in the secondary
coil.
………………………………………
[1 mark ]
(ii) Give the reason for your [2 marks]
answer.
(ii) the current in the primary coil.
……………………………………... Assume that the transformer is
[ 1 mark ] ideal.

[2 marks]
19. Question 4: Johor 2007
Diagram 4.1 shows a simple 20. Question 6: Teknik 07
transformer used to light up a bulb Table 6 gives the details of two
labelled 24 V, 36 W. transformers P and Q

When the mains supply is

switched on, the bulb is
very dim.

(a) State two ways in which the

brightness of the bulb can be
increased without changing the TABLE 6
voltage of the mains supply.
(a) Compare the number of turns
...................................................
.......................................................... for each transformers.

..........................................................
......................... .....................................................
[2 marks] [1 mark ]
(b) Compare the voltages for each
(b) Explain
plain why the core is made transformers.
from iron.
.....................................................

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 [1 mark]

(c) (i) State the relationship between

the number of turns of the coil
and the voltages for both
transformers.

.....................................................

.....................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) Therefore,determine the type Diagram 10.1
of transformer P and Q.

Transformer P : ……………….

Transformer Q : ……………..
[2 marks]

(c) (i) Name the type of electric

currents that a transformer
can change .

....................................................
[1 mark] Diagram 10.2

(ii) What happens if another type When the switch is on and paper
of current applied to the clips of the same amount are put in
primary coil? Explain your the plates, the paper clips are
answer attracted to the solenoids.
(a) What is an electromagnet?
[2 marks] [1 mark]
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram
10.2, compare the number of
ESSAY QUESTIONS turns in solenoid, the magnitude
of current flowing and the
21. Conceptual: Perak 07 number of paper clips attracted
Diagram 10.1 and 10.2 show to the solenoid.
insulated copper wires are wrapped [3 marks]
around rods to form solenoids. The (c) State the relationship between
solenoids are connected to the strength of the magnetic
ammeters, rheostats, switches and field and
dry cells. (i) the magnitude of current
(ii) the number of turns in
solenoid
[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
22. Conceptual: MRM 07 23. Understanding : Perak 07
Figure 10.1 shows a magnet placed Diagram 10.3 shows a simple
on a stationary trolley. Figure 10.1(a) electromagnet consists of a solenoid
is the situation when the trolley is with soft iron core inside. And, two
stationary while Figure 10.1(b) is the magnet bars are hung freely at both
situation when the trolley is moving sides of the solenoids.
into the solenoid. Figure 10.2(a)
shows a conductor which is
stationary in the magnetic field while
figure 10.2(b) shows the conductor
being moved downwards
wnwards in the
magnetic field.

Diagram 10.3

Explain what happens

ens to magnet P
and magnet Q when the switch is on.
[4 marks]

24. Understanding: MRSM 07

Compare the structures, direction of
current and changes in energy forms
between a direct current generator
and an alternating current generator.
[4 marks]
(a) (i) What is meant by magnetic
field? 25. Understanding: SBP 07
[1 mark] Diagram 12.1 shows two
transformers P and Q.
(ii) Observe Figure 10.1 and
10.2, compare the galvanometer
readings when there is no
relative motion between the
magnet and the conductor
uctor and
when there is relative motion
between them. Relate the
current and the relative motion
between the conductor and the
magnetic field to deduce a
physic concept. Name the
(i) What is meant by a transformer?
physics concept that explains
[1 mark]
the above situation.
[5 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(ii) Based on Diagram 12.1, which
transformer is a step-up
transformer? Give one reason for
your choice.
[ 2 marks ]
(iii)Practically a transformer is not
100% efficient. Some energy is
lost in the transformer. List the
factors that cause the energy
loss in a transformer.
[3 marks]
26. Qualitative problem: Perak 07
Diagram 10.4 shows an electric bell
connected to dry cells.
Diagram 10.4
(i) Explain how the electric bell
functions.
[4 marks]
(ii) Explain the modification
that needs to be done on
the electric bell to enable it
to ring louder.
[6 marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
27. Qualitative problem: MRSM 07
You are given two coils R and S, with
50 and 100 turns respectively, an iron
core and a 240 V a.c power supply.
All the materials are used to build a
simple transformer.
(i) Using all the materials supplied
and with the aid of a labeled
diagram, explain how you are
going to build a simple step-up
transformer.
[4 marks]
(ii) Suggest modifications that need
to be done to the transformer to
increase its efficiency.
[6 marks]
28. Making decision: Teknik 07
Table 12.1 shows the voltage
generated and the type of current
produced by four power supply
stations.
TABLE 12.1
(i) State which power supply station
is suitable for the long distance
transmission of electricity.
Justify your choice.
[ 3 marks ]
 (iii) Table 12.2 shows the used and give reasons for
characteristics of four types of your choice.
cables that are of the same [10 marks]
length.

Cable Diameter Density

ensity Rate of 30. Quantitative problem: SBP 07
/cm /kgm-3 expan- Diagram 12.1 shows two
sion transformers P and Q.
X 3 7 280 Low
Y 2 5 200 High
Z 6 2 000 low

You are asked to choose one of

the cables to be used in the
National Grid Network. Explain the
suitability
bility of each of the
characteristics of the cables.
Choose the most suitable cable
and justify your choice.
[ 8 marks ] Calculate the output voltage of
(i) transformer P
(ii) (ii) transformer Q
29. Making decision: SBP 07
The transmission of electricity ove
over [ 4 marks ]
the National Grid Network uses high
voltage cables. You are assigned to
study the characteristics of cables 31. Quantitative
ve problem:
which could be used as transmission Power of 15 kW is transmitted from a
cable. Table 12 shows the small generator to a rural school
characteristics of four transmission along 5000 m of cables that
t have a
cables. total resistance of 3 Ω.. The power is
transmitted at the usual mains supply
Cable Resistivity Density Cost Rate of voltage of 240 V. Calculate;
Ωm-1 Kgm-3 thermal
expansion (i) The current in the cables
P 3.0 x 10-7
5 x 10 5
low high (ii) The power loss due to the heating
Q 1.8 x 10-8 2 x 103 low low of the cables
R 7.5 x 10-7 8 x 102 high medium (iii) The percentage of loss of power
S 7.0 x 10-8 4 x 103 medium high [5 marks]

Based on the table 12;

(i) Explain the suitability o
of the
characteristics of the cables
to be used as transmission
cable.

(ii) Determine the most suitable

transmission cable to be

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 32. Section C:Trengganu 07
Diagram 12.1 shows an electric bell.
You are asked to study the electric
bells P,Q,R,S and T.
Explain the suitability of each
characteristic of the electric bell in
Table 12 and hence, determine which
electric
ic bell is able to produce the
loudest sound.
Justify your choice.
[10 marks]

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows an electric

bell 12 V,10 W is connected to the
output of a transformer The
efficiency of the transformer is
80%.

Diagram 12.1

(a) (i) State the energy

transformation that takes
place when an electric bell Calculate
rings. (i) the electric current in the
th
[1 mark] electric bell
(ii) the electric current in the
(b) An electric bell is able to produce primary coil
a louder sound .
Table 12 shows the [5 marks]
characteristics of electric bells
P,Q,R,S and T which could 33. Section B: Kelantan 08
produce a loud sound. Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show
a copper wire carrying current is
Electric Size of Distance The Curva-
bell the between number ture of placed in a permanent magnetic field.
hammer the of the The magnetic field produced is called
hammer turns gong catapult field.
and of the
gong/cm coil
around
soft
iron
core
Q Big 5.0 100 High
R Big 5.0 100 Low
S Small 5.0 50 Low
T Small 2.0 100 Low

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(a) What is meant by catapult field ? (e) Diagram 10.4 shows
ows a d.c.
[1 mark] electric motor .

(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram

10.2, compare the number of
magnet used, the angle of
deflection of the cooper wire and
the angle of deflection of
ammeter indicator.
[3 marks]

(c) State the relationship

nship between
the strength of the catapult field
produced and
(i) number of magnet used

(ii) angle of deflection of copper

wire
[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows a set up

used to study the effects of Diagram 10.4
magnetic field of a current
current-
carrying copper rod (i) Explain how the motor is able to
rotate.
[4 marks]

(ii) Suggest three modifications

that need to be done on the d.c
electric motor to increase the
efficiency of the motor. Give an
explanation for each suggestion
given.
[6 marks]

(i) Explainn what happens to the

copper rod when the switc
switch
is turned on
[2 marks]

(ii) The dry cells are replaced

with 12 V a.c. Explain what
happens to copper rod when
the switch is turned on.
[2 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 Model

coil
Density of the
turns of the coil
Number of

magnet
Strength of

the commutator
segments in
Number of
34. Section C: Kedah 08
Diagram 12.1 shows a simple direct
current electric motor.

P 9200 4000 Low 2 segments

(a) What is meant by direct

current? Q 11600 9000 High 4 segments
[1 mark]

(b) Using the conceptof the

magnetic
etic effect of an electric
current, explain with the aid of
diagrams how forces are R 8960 8000 High 8 segments
produced on a wire in the coil,
as shown in Diagram 12.1.
[4 marks]

(c) Diagram 12.2 shows the

features in the design of four
direct current
nt motors, P, Q, R
and S. You are required to
determine the most suitable
motor to lift a heavy object
smoothly. Study the features
of all the four motors
- The density of the wires of
the coil
- The number of turns of the
coil.
- The strength of the magnet
- The he number of segments in
the commutator
Explain the suitability of the
features. Justify your
choice.
S 10500 5000 Med- 8 segments
ium
[10 marks]
(d) A 12 W electric motor lifts a
load of 3.0 N through a height
of 8.0 m in 5.0 s. Calculate,
(i) the work done by thet
motor in lifting the load,
(ii) the useful output power
of the motor
(iii) the efficiency of the
motor
[5 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
35. Melaka 08 section B
Diagram 9.1 shows the pattern of
magnetic field formed when current
flows in a coil. The magnetic field
strength is greater at the center
compared to the edge
(a) (i) What is meant by magnetic
field?
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain why the strength of
the magnetic field is greater
at the center
[3 marks]
(b) Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3
show the the magnetic field
produce when current
flows in a conductor.
Diagram 9.4 shows the magnetic
field produced when current
carrying conductors in
Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 is
placed in magnetic field
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(i) Based on Diagram 9.2 and
Diagram 9.3, compare the
- pattern of the magnetic field
- direction of the magnetic field
fie
(ii) Based on Diagram 9.2 ,Diagram
9.3 and 9.4 compare the pattern
of the magnetic field
(iii) Based on Diagram 9.4 compare
the direction of the resultance
forces
(iv) Name one instrument which
uses the same principle as in
Diagram 9.4. Explain the
similarities.
[5 mark]
(c) Diagram 9.5 shows a moving
m
coil loudspeaker.

You are required to give some
suggestions to design a moving
loudspeaker which is functional and
can produce loud sound.
Using the knowledge on
electromagnet, forces and the
properties
ties of materials, explain the
suggestions based on the following
aspects ;
(i) the shape of the magnet
(ii) the position of the coil
(iii) material used for the cone
(iv) type of electrical supply
(v) material used for the body of
the loudspeaker
[10 marks
marks]
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
36. Section B:SBP 08
(a) Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2
show the relative motion
between the magnet and
solenoid. Ends of the coils are
connected to a centre-reading
centre
galvanometer.
Diagram 10.1
Diagram 10.2
Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram
10.2, compare:
(i) the direction of the movement
of the magnet
(ii) the deflection of the
galvanometer
alvanometer pointer
(iii) Relate the movement of the
magnet, the polarity at the top
of the coil and the force acts on
the magnet to deduce a relevant
physics law.
[5 marks]
(b) Name the physics law that
describes the observations in
Diagram 10.1 and Diagram
10.2.
[1 mark]
(c) Diagram 10.3 shows a direct Using an appropriate concept in
current generator physics, suggest and explain suitable
modifications or ways to enable the
microphone to detect sound
sou
effectively and generate bigger
current based on the following
aspect:

(i) thickness of diaphragm

(ii) strength of the material for
diaphragm
(iii) number of turns of coil
(iv) diameter of the wire of coil
(v) strength of magnet

[10
10 marks]
marks

Diagram
ram 10.3 37. Section B:Melaka
Melaka 09
Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show
Explain how the above generator the initial and the final position of a
works to produce direct current. copper rod due to the formation of a
catapult field that produce a force.
[4 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.4 shows a cross

section of a moving coil
microphone. A microphone
converts one form of energy into
another.

Diagram 10.4

When the diaphragm moves in

response to sound, the attached coil
moves in the magnetic field and
generates a very small current in the
wire of the coil.

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 Explain what happens to
(a) What is meant by catapult field? copper strip WX and YZ when
[ 1 mark] the switch is closed.
[ 4 marks] [1
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and
Diagram 10.2, compare the (e) Diagram
iagram 10.4 shows a moving coil
angle of deflection of the ammeter
ammeter pointer , the power
supply and the distance moved
by the copper rods.
[3 marks]

(c) State the relationship between

the strength
rength of the force exerted
on the copper rods and
(i) the moving distance of the
copper rods,
(ii) the size of electric current,
[ 2 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows two thin

copper strips, WX and YZ,
connected to a circuit.
Explain how you would design a
moving
ing coil ammeter that can
function better. In your explanation,
emphasize the following aspects:

(i) the sensitivity of the ammeter,

(ii) the shape of the permanent

magnet,

(iii) the shape of the core,

(iv) the type of the core material,

(v) the type of the ammeter

mmeter scale.

[ 10 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
38. Section B:Kelantan 09 strength of the magnetic
Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show field
the deflection of a galvanometer [1 mark]
when a bar magnet are pushed into (ii) The strength of the
two identical solenoids. magnetic filed and the
deflection of the
galvanometer
[1 mark]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows an ideal

transformer.

(i) Name the type of transformer.

[1 mark]

(ii) Explain how the current is

induced in the secondary coil.
[3 marks]

(e) Diagram 10.4 shows an

a a.c
(a) What is meant by generator.
electromagnetic induction?
(b) Using Diagram 10.1 and
Diagram 10.2,
(i) State the magnetic pole at
end P when the bar
magnets are pushed into
the solenoids.
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the number of the
bar
ar magnets and the
deflection of the
galvanometer.
[2 marks]
(c) State the relationship between
(i) The number of bar
magnets and the

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
Suggest modifications that can be during reception of electricity by
made to increase the output current customers.
to the generator in Diagram 10.4.
State and modifications based on the
following aspects: Physical Transmission of
(i) Strength of the magnet quantity electricity
(ii) Shape of the magnet Before After
(iii) Number of turns of the coil substation substation
(iv) Diameter of the wire of the B B
coil Current 15 A 60 A
(v) The speed of rotation
[10 marks] Potential 132 kW 33 kW
Difference
Table 10.2

39. Section B:Pahang 09 (a) (i) What is meant by potential

The National Grid Network is an difference?
important system that ensures the [1 mark]
electrical power is supplied
continuously. After the generation of (ii) Using only information in Table
electricity at the power station, 10.1 and 10.2, compare
electricity is transferred via a number characteristic of electrical
of substations and transformers power transmitted and
before the electricity reaches the received by customers. State
consumer. the relationship between
current and potential
Table 10.1 shows current and difference during transmission
potential difference before and after and reception of electrical
passing through substations B power.
during reception of electricity by [5 marks]
customers.
(b) Generation of electrical power
Physical Transmission of involves the use of renewable
quantity electricity resources and unrenewable
Before After resources. With the use of
substation substation suitable examples, compare
A A the two types of resources.
Current 80 A 15 A [4 marks]

Potential 25 kV 132 kV (c) During transmission and

Difference reception of electrical power,
pylons such as shown in
Table 10.1 Diagram 10.1 play an important
role.
Table 10.2 shows current and
potential difference before and after
passing through substations B

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
 (ii) Using Diagram 10.1 and Diagram
10.2 compare the current flow,
the amount of iron filing and
the magnetic field strength of
the two electrodes. Relate the
current flow and amount of iron
filing attracted by the
electromagnet
lectromagnet and the magnetic
field strength.

[ 5 marks ]
Based on Diagram 10.1 and
your knowledge about
transmission of electrical
(b) Diagram 10.3 shows a circuit
power and other related
breaker.
physics concepts, explain
(i) The characteristics of
materials used to build
the pylons.
(ii) The design of the
pylons.
(iii) The characteristics of
the cable used in the
electrical power
transmmission
[10 marks]

40. Section B:SBP 09

(a) Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2
shows two identical electromagnet, X
and Y .

Diagram 10.3

Explain how the circuit breaker

works.
Diagram 10.1 Diagram 10.2 [ 4 marks]
marks

(i) What is meant by

electromagnet?
[ 1 mark ]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(c) Diagram 10.4 shows an a.c
generator

Diagram10.4

(i) Explain how the generator

works to produce alternating
current.
[ 4 marks ]

(ii) Explain the modification that

needs to be done on the
generator and the external
circuit to enable the
generator to be a d.c
generator and produce more
current.

[6 marks]

FIZIKMOZAC 2010