Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.

14

APPENDIX 9.14: No. 2

Business Plan for Integrated Waste Recycling System for a
Small Town

In a situation with small rural towns that lack financial resources it is always beneficial to look at
systems which are simple and easy to manage, as well as being cost effective. These systems
should also address the ongoing problem of unemployment. This is what we have envisaged for
this District Municipality. The follow system has been proposed:-

I. Establish recycling centres at each of the identified sites in Umkhanyakude District. ( see
Site Plan Drawing)
II. Identify competent contractors in each town to collect all the solid waste and deliver it to
the recycling centres.
III. Separate the waste into recyclable, organic and non recyclable waste.
IV. The recyclable waste is separated further and bailed or bagged for resale to recycling
business.
V. Organic waste is removed by the gardening group who will then compost the waste for
the use in there gardens or for resale if there is sufficient quantity. ( Used in Larger towns
only ) In the case of garden waste a mobile shredder will be used on a weekly basis to
shred this waste . It can then be used for compost.
VI. Non recyclable waste is dumped into the waste skips. This waste is then collected weekly
by a waste removal company. This waste is compacted and transported to a regional
landfill site which is registered.

PROJECT GOAL

The establishment of an integrated waste management system that benefits the local community
and the environment through job creation, recycling, producing crafts from waste, composting and
food production from organic waste all of which will lead to a cleaner and healthier environment for
all.

PROJECT OBJECTIVES

To address the huge problem of irresponsible waste management;

To create a clean and healthy environment free of litter;

To look at waste as a resource which can be used by the community;

To create jobs;

To utilise waste to its fullest in as many ways as possible; and

To minimise the quantity of waste that must be land-filled thus reducing costs.

LOCATIONAL DYNAMICS

The locational dynamics of the proposed Solid Waste Management Site will be carefully selected
for easy access and management.

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BENEFICIARIES

The local community will be the ultimate beneficiaries both due to jobs created and the
improvement of the local environment. It is the express intention of the implementing agency and
all associates to ensure that the program is sustainable and can be managed by the municipality in
partnership with the community after implementation. Community members will be identified and
trained in all aspects of the waste management system. In addition there will be opportunities for
the establishment of SMME initiatives such as market gardening using organic waste, crafts from
waste (linkages with existing and potential markets exist in the tourist centre, which enables local
crafters and manufacturers to benefit from marketing, information and management synergies).
Signage will also ensure local attention is created.

MONITORING AND EVALUATION

All stakeholders will be constantly updated and the monthly reporting format will ensure that the
project is closely monitored. Appropriate measures will be taken by the Project Managers for the
achievement of milestones and other deliverables.
The evaluation processes that will be followed are:

Close day to day management of the project by contractor;

Monthly reports to all stakeholders;

An internal review process through steering committee will be strictly adhered to at all times;
and

MODUS OPERANDI

A waste centre will be strategically placed in each town.

Identify competent contractors in each town to collect all the solid waste and deliver it to the
recycling centres .This contractor will use a hand drawn cart to collect street waste and empty
bins. This trailer will have sponsored signage attached to the three sides. This revenue will be
an opportunity for the contractor to create further revenue. This waste is then placed into the
1 ton bags and collected by the contractor.

At the recycling centre the waste is placed on a separation table and carefully separate into
recyclable, organic and non recyclable waste.

The recyclable waste is separated further and bailed or bagged for resale to recycling
business.

Organic waste is removed by the gardening group who will then compost the waste for the
use in there gardens or for resale if there is sufficient quantity. ( Larger towns) In the case of
garden waste a mobile shredder will be used on a weekly basis to shred this waste . It can
then be used for compost.

Non recyclable waste is dumped into the waste skips. This waste is then collected weekly by
a waste removal company. This waste is compacted and transported to a regional landfill site
which is registered.
In order for the projects in both areas to boost the income generated for the project and
community the following recommendations need to be considered:

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Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.14

 The members of the project form a legal entity with the municipality
representatives forming part of the entity a Section 21 Company. This type of
entity is preferred over the others as it bears a legal status with strict
management controls for a non-profit generating body or a body generating profit
for the benefit of the majority of the community. The entity would also allow the
project to easily access funds available from other sources.
 The legal entity should engage the broader community, businesses, schools,
government departments, clinics, hospitals, the army base in the waste
management initiative through intensive awareness campaigns.
 The legal entity selects and agrees on strategic points where waste banks can be
placed for deposition by the broader community members and sets one day in a
week for the community to sell their recyclables to the project for cash
 Various waste banks should be clearly marked for bottle, plastic and cans.
 Separate waste banks for paper should be placed in offices of the municipality,
clinic, hospitals, businesses (spar, pharmacy, photocopying, schools, library,
government departments etc.). This will ensure that more value is added (white
paper worth money than any other recyclable materials to the project in terms of
the income generated from the sales of paper.
 The legal entity could source additional recyclable materials from surrounding
rural areas and towns. This can be achieved through engaging the other areas in
the project with the legal entity travelling to these areas once a week to buy the
recyclable materials.
 In order to boost amount of recyclable material and the income generated though
sales, the legal entity should place paper banks in areas such as schools, library,
hospitals, clinics, municipality offices, government departments, businesses etc
and waste banks for other recyclable materials such as cardboard, bottles , cans
and plastic.
 The legal entity should continue to engage school projects to proceed with
bringing in recyclable materials.
 In order to have an efficient monitoring and evaluation strategy in place
Environmental Committees should be established, with Youth clubs and school
project forming part of the Environmental committee. This will ensure capacity
building of the community through Environmental Awareness Campaigns.

The municipalities need to consider the following:

 Establish an Integrated Environmental Management Division with a Waste Unit to
deal with Waste Management Programmes and the municipality has to set a
budget aside to initiate the division.
 Develop and adopt Waste Management policies, strategies, plans and
regulations for implementation.
 The establishment of Environmental Committees will encourage the majority of
the community to be actively involved in environmental activities and thereby
spread the environmental awareness debate.

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Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.14

SUSTAINABILITY

The following will increase the financial sustainability of the programme:

Advertising on waste collection trailers and adopt a pole campaign.

Sale of recyclable waste.

Producing crafts from waste for resale.

Market garden using organic waste can generate income for entrepreneurs.

Collecting rates from the communities.

TRAINING

All contractors, staff , crafters and garden entrepreneurs will undergo intensive training in
there appropriate jobs, these could include some of the following courses:-

Integrated Waste Management;

Crafts from waste;

Integrating Waste Into the Food System;

Organic gardening;

Alternatives Uses For Waste;

Alternative Building Techniques using waste;

Generating Income From Waste;

Health and safety;

Basic Business Skills.
All courses are adapted to suit the context of the learners.
This training can be conducted by The Zululand Centre For Sustainable Development in
Richards Bay at there training centre where a demonstration site is available. The
training will be conducted over a two week period in three of the relevant courses.

DURATION OF THE PROJECT

The project will allow for a twelve month establishment period where the ten involved
community members will be paid a wage. Thereafter the Municipality will contract out
the waste management to the waste contractor. The entrepreneurs (crafts from waste &
market gardeners) will be expected to be self sustainable by this stage.

FINANCIAL DETAILS

The following budget indicates the cost of establishing a complete integrated waste
management system including infrastructure, tools, training and mentoring/management
and wages for one town.

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Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.14

Components Capital Operations

Budget Budget /
Year 1 Annum
Development Of Waste Sorting Centre 350 000
Equipment and Furniture 80 000 1000
Tools and Protective clothing 11 000 4 000
Training (20 people for two weeks) 56 000
Fence for site 200m 20 000
Signage 4 500
Wages for Recyclers for 12 mths( 10 92 400 92 400
Staff @ 770/mth)
Management Implementation 44 000 18 000
Community Facilitation 16 000
Market Garden Establishment and 65 600
crafter tools
Administration 12 000 6 000
Community co-operative development 7 000
Allowances for the 6 gardeners and 4 27 000
crafters ( 6 months @ 450/month)
Contingencies 14 500 6 000
SUB TOTAL 800 000 127 400
VAT @ 14 % 112 000 17 836
TOTAL 912 000 145 236
Monthly Running Costs 12 103

INFRASTRUCTURE DELIVERABLES AND EQUIPMENT

Level site 50 x 50 m fenced with 1.8 m bonnox and razor wire, with double vehicle
gate.

Store room, change room, toilet, shower(12m*3m)

I-beam and IBR roofing recycling shed (36 x 12 m) with concrete flooring,

Block Storage bays 5 off ( 6m*4m*2m ht).

Multi use bailer

Separation table and bag trolleys 8 off

Skip bin bay

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Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.14

Hand tools

Protective clothing for ten members

2 hand drawn trailers

60m x 60m garden fenced with 1.2m bonnox

Garden implements, tools and seeds

Crafts furniture and tools

200 Poly propylene bags

SIGNAGE

Project signage will be erected on site to identify project and in towns acknowledge
recycling campaign (1.2m x 600)

OPPORTUNITIES TO BE CREATED

The Integrated waste management centre will create opportunities for 20 people. Ten of
them will be permanent paid contractors, the other ten will be self sufficient in there
gardens ( 6) and crafting using waste(4) This will be as follows:

1 Supervisor at recycle centre (contractor)

6 Waste separators
2 Recycle bailing staff
1 Trolley operator
4 Crafters from waste
6 Market gardeners/
composters
20 Opportunities per unit
(employees of contractor)
(employee of contractor)
(employee of contractor)
(self employed)
(self employed)

Possible income generation opportunities.

1. A contractor ( Possibly the existing contractor) will be hired to supply the service of
waste collection and processing. This cost will be negotiated with the Local
Municipality, accounting for ten opportunities.

2. 4 crafters to be taught to utilise waste to generate income i.e. Cardboard furniture,

bowls, tin hats, wire curios and toys, glass crafts etc. Potential income
R300/month/person part-time

3. 6 Gardeners to be provided with basic gardening infrastructure and tools to

develop a market garden that will use all organic waste for composting and will sell
organic vegetables locally.

INCOME OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WASTE CONTRACTORS

This income opportunity will vary from town to town and will also be seasonal and is
dependant on quantities of waste collected.

 Present prices paid by major recyclers-

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Umkhanyakude Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan: Appendix 9.14

Materials Price to recyclers

Tin 20c/kg
Sub grade 25c / kg
Steel 52c / kg
Glass sorted 5c – 12c /kg
Plastic PET 30c / kg
HDPE 30c /kg
Cardboard 35c / kg
White paper 15c / kg
News print 20c / kg
Mixed paper 20c / kg

SCENARIO FOR INCOME POTENTIAL

 Metals

Potential collection per month – 4000 kg / month @ Avg 20c = R800 / month

 Papers/ Cardboard

Potential collection per month– 3000 kg / month @ Avg 20c = R600 / month

 Plastics

Potential collection per month – 2000 kg / month @ 30c = R600 / month

 Glass

Potential collection per month – 3000 kg / month @ 12c = R360 / month

The potential income for the collectors could be R2360 / month ( R236 each)

Prepared by Ecosystems : Gavin Eichler