Scheme of Work for Pre U 1 Chemistry (2010)

1st Term:

Week Topic Objectives Activity

18th Orientation and Management of the students 1. Use LCD and MS
explaination of Explain the STPM syllabus Powerpoint to explain.
packages and Divide the students into classes. 2. Motivation of the
division into classes. students.
Format of STPM

2. Electronic Students should be able to

Structure of Atoms 1. explain the formation of the spectrum of 1. Explanation and
19th - 2.1 Concept of atomic hydrogen. notes taking.
21st electronic energy levels 2. calculate the ionisation energy of an 2. Drawing the line
shown by line spectra atom from the Lyman series converging spectrum and
of atomic hydrogen. limit. spectrometer.
2.2 Atomic orbitals 3. describe the number and relative 3. Explanation by
2.3 Filling of orbitals energies of the s, p, and d orbitals for the examples.
according to their principal quantum numbers 1,2, and 3. 4. Written exercises.
energy and the pairing 4. describe the shape of the s and p
of electrons. orbitals.
5. predict the electronic configuration of
atoms and ions given the proton number
(and charge).
6. explain and use the Hund’s rule and
Pauli Exclusion Principle in the filling of
orbitals.( including the 4s orbitals.)
3 The Periodic Table
22nd – 3.1 Development of the 1. explain the development of the Periodic 1. Set induction to
23rd Modern Periodic Table Table by Newlands, Mendeleev and recall the periodic
3.2 Building of the Moseley. table and pictures of
Periodic Table 2. use the Aufbau principlefor electronic scientist.
3.3 Elements in Gp configuration of atoms with proton numbers 2. Student form groups
1,2,13,14,16,17, and 1 to 30. to give presentation
18 and Periods 1 to 4. 3. identify the elements in Gp 1,2,13,14, 15, on the history of
3.4 Classification of 16, 17 and 18 and elements in Periods 1 to development of
elements into the s,p,d 4. Periodic table.
and f blocks. 4. explain the position of elements in the 3. Explanation and
3.5 Variation in the Periodic Table. notes taking.
physical properties with 5. explain the position of f-block elements in 4. Write the electron
proton number across the Periodic Table. configuration of the
the second and third 6.explain the trend and gradation of atomic transition metals.
periods. radii,melting points, boiling points, enthalpy 5. Do the past year
3.6 Variation in changes, vaporization and electrical questions.
physical properties of conductivities in terms of structure and
the first row d-block bonding.
elements. 7. explain the factors influencing ionization
energies
8. explain the trend in ionisation energy
across the second and third periods, and
down a group.
9. Predict the electronic configuration and
position of unknown elements in the
Periodic table from successive values of
ionization energies.
10. explain the almost similar physical
properties such as density and melting
point, in terms of bonding, metallic and ionic
radii.
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 11. explain the variation in successive
ionization energies.

1st Term Holiday (5 June – 20 June 2010)

nd
2 Term:

4. Chemical Bonding

24th – 4.1 Electrovalent/ionic 1.explain electrovalent and covalent 1. Draw ‘dot and cross’
26th bonding bonding in terms of ‘dot and cross’ diagrams.
4.2 Covalent bonding diagrams. 2. Do the worksheets
(a) Covalent bonding in 2. explain the Lewis structure of SO42- , 3. Discuss the
SO42- , CO33- , NO3- and CO32- , NO3- , and CN- ions. answers
CN- ions. 3.predict and explain the shape of 4. Refer to textbooks
(b) Hybridisation of the molecules and ions using the principle of for exercises.
s and p orbitals for the electron pairs repulsion, eg linear, trigonal 5. Form teams to surf
C, N, and O atoms planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, the internet and do
(c) The existence of octahedral, V-shaped and pyramid. their presentation on
ionic propertiess in 4. explain the concept of overlapping and MSPowerPoint.
molecules and covalent hybridization of the s and p orbitals for the
properties in ionic C, N, and O
compounds. 7. explain the covalent properties of ionic
(d) Co-ordinate compounds such as Al2O3, AlI3 and LiI.
covalent bonding 8. explain typical properties associated with
(e) VSEPR Model. electrovalent and covalent bonding.
4.3 Metallic bonding 9. explain hydrogen bonding, van der
4.4 Intermolecular Waaals’ forces and metallic bonding.
forces between 10. explain metallic bonding, the formation
molecules. of conduction and valency bands.
(a) Van der Waals’
forces
(b) Hydrogen bonding
and its effect on
physical properties
5. Reaction Kinetics

26th – 5.1 Rate of reaction 1. explain and use the terms rate of 1. Explanation and
28th 5.2 Collision theory reaction, rate equation, order of reaction, notes taking.
5.3 Rate law rate constant, half-life of first-order reaction, 2. Draw the Boltzman
5.4 The effect of rate determining step, activation energy, Distribution.
temperature on rate and catalyst. 3. Explanation by
constants, rates of 2. explain qualitatively, in terms of collision examples.
reaction, and activation theory, the effects of concentration and 4. Written exercises.
energy; Arrhenius’s temperature on the rate of a reaction. 5. Do short notes by
equation and the 3. calculate a rate constant from initial own references.
Boltzmann distribution. rates.
5.5 The role of catalyst 4. predict an initial rate from rate equations
in reactions and experimental data.
5.6 The order of 5. suggest and experimental technique for
reaction and rate studying the rate of a given reaction.
constants for zero-, 6.calculate t for a first-order reaction
first- and second-order 7.use integrated forms of rate equations to
reactions. determine zero-, first- and second-order
5.7 The determination reactions.
of the orders of 8. deduce the order of a reaction by the
reaction and the rate initial rates method and from concentration-
constants. time graphs.
5.8 Half-lives of first- 9. explain the relationship between the rate
order reactions constants with the activation energy and
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 temperature using Arrhenius’s equation.
10. explain the distribution of molecular
energy with the Boltzmann distribution.
11. explain the effect of catalysts on the
rate of a reaction.
12. explain how a catalyst lowers the
activation energy of a reactions
and enzymes as biological catalysts.

27th July Monthly Test

6. Equilibria

29th – 6.1 Chemical equilibria 1.explain a reversible reaction and dynamic 1. Explanation and
30th 6.1.1 Reversible equilibrium in terms of forward and notes taking.
reaction, equilibria backward reactions. 2. Discussion of past
6.1.2 Mass action law 2. calculate the quantities present at year questions.
and derivation of equilibrium from given appropriate data. 3. Written exercises.
equilibrium constants. 3. deduce expressions for equilibrium
6.1.3 Homogenous and constants in terms of concentration, Kc and
heterogenous partial pressures, Kp.
equilibrium constants,
Kp and Kc .
6.1.4 Factors affecting
chemical equilibriaL Le
Chatelier’s principle.
6.1.5 Equilibrium
constant in terms of
partial pressures and
concentrations.

6.2 Ionic Equilibria

31st – 6.2.1 The Arrhenius, 1. State examples of equilibria which are 1. Explanation and
33rd Bronsted-Lowry, and referred to and studied in general. notes taking.
Lewis theories of acids 2. explain the effect of temperature on 2. Calculate the values
and bases. equilibrium constants and the equation lnK of Ka, pH, pOH ,pKa ,
6.2.2 the degree of = -H/RT + C. pKa
dissociation of weak 3. Show awareness of the importance of an 3. Give exercises on
acids and bases as the understanding of chemical equilibrium in the calculations.
basis of strong/weak chemical industry. 4. Explain the graphs
electrolytes. 4. use Arrhenius, Bronstead-Lowry, and drawn.
6.2.3 Dissociation Lewis theories to explain acids and bases. 5. Written exercises.
constants. 5. identify conjugate acids and bases.
6.2.4 Titration 6. explain qualitatively the different
indicators as acids or properties of strong and weak electrolytes.
bases. 7. explain and use the terms pH, pOH, Ka
6.2.5 Buffer solutions ,pKa , Kb and pKb.
6.2.6 Heterogenous 8. calculate pH from the H3O+ ion
equilibria of ions, Ksp concentration for acids(monobasic) and
and the common ion strong and weak bases.
effect. 9. explain changes in pH during acid-base
titrations in terms of strengths of acids and
bases.
10. select suitable indicators for acid-base
titrations.
11. explain the significance of the ionic
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 product of water, Kw , and its use in
calculations.
12. define buffer solutions, uses and its
importance in biological systems.
13. calculate the pH of buffer solutions.
14. explain and use the term solubility
product, Ksp and calculate Ksp from given
concentration.
15. explain the common ion effect including
buffer solutions.
16. predict the possibility of precipitation
from given data of concentration of
solutions.
Mid-term break 4-12 September 2010
Hari Raya Puasa 10 & 11 September 2010
7. Electrochemistry.

34th – 7.1 Oxidation and 1. explain the functions and cell diagram of 1. Explanation and
36th reduction reactions in the Daniel cell notes taking.
the Daniel cell. 2. construct redox equations using half- 2. Explain the concept
7.2 Half-reaction and equations. of Nernst equation.
half-cell. Redox 3. explain the standard hydrogen electrode 3. Discussion of past
potential. 4. calculate the emf of a cell using the E0 year questions.
7.3 Redox reactions values and write the redox potentials. 4. Written exercises.
and electromotive force 5. explain the methods used to determine
(emf) – of cells and the standard electrode redox potentials.
standard hydrogen 6. predict the stability of aqueous ions from
electrode. E0value
7.4 electrode 7.determine the direction of electron flow in
potentials and the a simple cell of given electrode potentials.
formation of the 8. predict the feasibility of a reaction from
electrochemical series. E0cell value.
7.5 Cell potentials from 9. Calculate E0cell from the concentration
the combination of value of solutions using the Nernst
various electrode equation.
potentials, 10. explain the electrochemistry principle in
spontaneous and non- the prevention of rusting and in dental
spontaneous electrode filling.
reactions. 11. describe the importance of the
7.6 Nernst equation development of better improved batteries
and its use. for electric cars in terms of smaller size,
7.7 The use and lower mass and higher voltage.
principles of 12.Calculate the quantity of product
electrochemistry in the liberated during electrolysis.
prevention of corrosion. 13. Predict the product liberated during
7.8 The mechanism of electrolysis based on electrochemistry
electrolysis as opposed 14. Define and explain the the relationship
to an electrochemical between the Faraday constant, the
cell. Avogadro constant, and the charge on the
7.9 Faraday’s first and electron
second laws and their 15. Calculate the number of coulomb used,
use. the mass of material, and/or gas volume
7.10 Extraction and liberated during electrolysis.
manufacturing of 16. explain the uses of electrolysis in the
aluminium, recycling of manufacturing of aluminium, treatment of
aluminium. effluent(Ni, Cr, and Cd), electroplating of
7.11 Manufacturing of plastics, and anodisation
chlorine by the 17. explain the advantages of recycling
electrolysis of brine aluminium compared with extracting

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 either by mercury aluminium
cathode cell or 18. explain the manufacturing of chlorine by
diaphragm cell. the electrolysis of brine

(12 – 14 & 18 – 20 October, Muet Speaking)

39th – 40th End of the Year Examinations

Muet written 13 Nov 2006)
8. Thermochemistry
and chemical
Energetics

41st – 8.1 Enthalpy changes, 1.explain that most chemical reactions are 1. Explanation and
42nd ∆H of reactions, accompanied by energy changes, notes taking.
formation, combustion, principally in the form of heat energy, the 2. Draw the Born-
neutralization, energy changes can be exothermic or Haber Cycle.
hydration, fusion, endothermic. 3. Give exercises on
atomization, solution. 2. calculate the heat energy change from the calculations.
8.2 Hess law experimental measurements using the 4. Explanation by
8.3 Lattice energies for relationship energy change = mc ∆T examples.
simple ionic crystals. A 3. define the terms enthalpy change of 5. Written exercises.
qualitative appreciation formation, combustion, hydration, solution, 6. Do past year
of the effects of ionic neutralization, atomization, ionisation questions.
charge and ionic radius energy.
on the magnitude of 4. explain the terms enthalpy change of
lattice energy. reaction and standard conditions.
8.4 The Born-Haber 5. calculate the terms enthalpy change from
cycle for the formation experimental results.
of simple ionic crystals 6. State Hess’ law and its use to find
and their aqueous enthalpy changes that cannot be
solution. determined directly, eg. an enthalpy change
8.5 The solubility of of formation from enthalpy changes of
solids in liquids. combustion.

Scheme of work for Pre U 1 Practical Chemistry (2010)

26th Practical 1: Volumetric Students should be able to: 1. Brief introduction of

Analysis – acid base
Purpose: To determine
the relative molecular
weight of a tribasic
organic acid, H3A.
1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Teacher
3. Record titration readings to the demonstrates how
nearest 0.05 cm3 in the correct space. to determine the
4. Calculate the concentration of H3A end-point.
based on the titration readings. 4. Practical session.
5. Calculate the relative molecular 5. Assessment.
weight of H3A. 6. Answering
questions.

27th July Monthly Test

28th Practical 2: Volumetric Students should be able to: 1. Brief introduction of
Analysis – acid base 1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
Purpose: To find the volume of a solution. procedure.
exact concentration of 2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Teacher
a mineral acid X. 3. Record titration readings to the demonstrates how
nearest 0.05 cm3 in the correct space. to determine the
4. Calculate the concentration of end-point.
5

29th Experiment 1: Students should be able to:
Volumetric Analysis –
acid base
Purpose: To determine
the exact concentration
of a mineral acid,
HXO4, and to
determine the relative
atomic mass of the
element X.
30th Practical 3: Volumetric Students should be able to:
Analysis - Redox
Purpose: To find the
concentration of
potassium
permanganate solution.
31st Experiment 2: Students should be able to:
Volumetric Analysis -
Redox
Purpose: To determine
the ratio of the number
of moles of
hydroxyammonium
ions to the number of
moles of iron (III) ions
participating in the
reaction.
mineral acid X based on the titration 4. Practical session.
readings. 5. Assessment.
1. Brief introduction of
1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Practical session.
3. employ the correct method of rinsing 4. Assessment.
the burette and pipette with the solution 5. Answering
to be measured before filling up the questions.
apparatus with the solution.
4. employ the correct technique of
transferring solution from the pipette
into the titration flask.
5. employ the correct technique of
titration.
6. employ the correct method of
washing off the solution from the sides
of the titration flask with distilled water
before reaching the end-point.
7. calculate the relative atomic mass of
the element X, and hence identify X.
1. Brief introduction of
1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Teacher
3. employ the correct method of demonstrates how
heating. to determine the
4. Record titration readings to the end-point.
nearest 0.05 cm3 in the correct space. 4. Practical session.
5. Calculate the concentration of 5. Assessment.
ethanedioate ions and KA1. 6. Answering
questions.
1. Brief introduction of
1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Practical session.
3. employ the correct method of rinsing 4. Assessment.
the burette and pipette with the solution 5. Answering
to be measured before filling up the questions.
apparatus with the solution.
4. employ the correct technique of
transferring solution from the pipette
into the titration flask.
5. employ the correct technique of
titration.
6. employ the correct method of
washing off the solution from the sides
of the titration flask with distilled water
before reaching the end-point.
7. calculate the number of moles of
iron (III) ions required to oxidize 1 mol
of hydroxyammonium ions.
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 Mid-term break 4-12 September 2010
Hari Raya Puasa 10 & 11 September 2010
33rd Experiment 3: Students should be able to: 1. Brief introduction of
Volumetric Analysis – 1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
acid base and redox the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
Purpose: To determine 2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Practical session.
the mass of sodium 3. employ the correct method of 4. Assessment.
ethanedioate used to heating. 5. Answering
prepare a solution 4. employ the correct technique of questions.
containing sodium titration.
ethanedioate and 5. employ the correct method of
hydrated ethanedioic washing off the solution from the sides
acid. of the titration flask with distilled water
before reaching the end-point.
6. calculate the percentage of sodium
ethanedioate in solution KA1.

34th Experiment 4: Students should be able to: 1. Brief introduction of

Volumetric Analysis -
Redox
Purpose: To
standardize sodium
thiosulphate (VI)
solution using
potassium iodide
solution.
35th Experiment 5: Students should be able to:
Volumetric Analysis -
stoichiometry
Purpose: To determine
the exact concentration
of a monobasic acid,
HX.
1. use the correct technique of using today experiment.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 2. Explanation of
volume of a solution. procedure.
2. follow the procedure systematically. 3. Practical session.
3. employ the correct technique of 4. Assessment.
handling the pipette. 5. Answering
4. Use the correct method of holding questions.
and shaking the titration flask during
the titration process.
5. addition of indicator at the
appropriate time.
6. calculate the concentration of
thiosulphate (VI) solution in gdm-3.
1. Brief introduction of
1. plan the procedures of experiment today experiment.
systematically and use reasonable 2. Explanation of
quantities of substance. procedure.
2. use the correct technique of using 3. Practical session.
the burette, and pipette to measure the 4. Assessment.
volume of a solution. 5. Answering
3. use the correct way of adding the questions.
indicator.
4. calculate the concentration of
monobasic acid, HX.

Prepared by, Checked and verified by,

……………………………. ……………………………………..
(Ms. Lau Chai Wee) (En. Ibrahim B. Kadir)
(Subject teacher) Pre U Senior Assistant

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