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Conquest Of Makkah

By virtue of the treaty of Hudaibia, Bani Khuzza who had declared their association with
the Muslims were now considered a part of Muslims now nobody had any right to
challenge them; but the Quraish in order to punish them for their friendship with the
Muslims violated the treaty and asked Bani Nakr to kill them and pillage their territory.
Even Suhail himself, who had signed the treaty of Hudaibia on behalf of the Quraish
came to fight in disguise. Bani Khuzza begged to spare their lives but they did not listen
and slew all of them. Even those who had taken refuge in Kaaba were massacred. When
the refuges of Kaaba pleaded for mercy in the name of Allah, the Quraish replied there is
no Allah today.

When the Prophet (S.A.W) heard the news of the gruesome killing from the forty
refugees (including women and children) who had somehow reached Madina he ordered
an army of ten thousand people to get ready to attack Mecca, though it was the month of
Ramzan and the Muslims were fasting.

Abu Sufian who was then the governor of Mecca rushed to Madina to apologise for the
killings and ask for forgiveness of the Prophet (S.A.W). But the Prophet (S.A.W) did not
believe his words and ordered his men to march towards Mecca. Saad Ibne Ebada was
given the command of the advance force when the Prophet (S.A.W) learned from his
uncle Abbas that Saad and his men were contemplating to loot Mecca in retaliation of the
massacre of Bani Khuzza, he removed him from the command and gave it to Ali (A.S.).
Ali (A.S.) took his men to Marruzaharan near Mecca and camped there for the final
attack. Abu Sufian seeing his end near him immediately embraced Islam, but the Prophet
(S.A.W) did not believe his words again and ordered the Muslims to surround Mecca,
and enter from four different points. Ali (A.S.) who was also commanding a large cavalry
along with being the flag-bearer of the Muslims army was ordered to hoist the flag on
Mount Hajun and wait for the Prophet (S.A.W). The other officers were also asked not to
attack the Meccans first.

Ali (A.S.) as ordered reached Mount Hajun without harming anybody and hoisted the
flag of Islam on it. Other generals too led their army peacefully and gathered near Ali
(A.S.). When the Prophet (S.A.W) arrived, he removed his armour, but the dress of a
pilgrim and wore a black turban and proceeded towards Kaaba with Ali (A.S.) to offer
prayers.

There were three hundred and sixty idols inside the Kaaba representing the different
pagan Arab gods. Pictures of Prophet (S.A.W) Ibrahim and his son Ismail and of angels
in females form were posted on the walls of Kaaba. The Prophet (S.A.W) after
obliterating these pictures broke all idols. The idol of Hubal the so-called god of Mecca
could not be broken by the Prophet (S.A.W) or Ali (A.S.) as it was fixed at a high place.
The Prophet (S.A.W) made Ali (A.S.) stand on his shoulders to break it. Not one person
from the whole of Mecca came forward to stop Mohammad (S.A.W) and Ali (A.S.) from
breaking their gods. The whole of Mecca was at his mercy. While the Prophet (S.A.W)
and Ali (A.S.) were breaking the idols the Muslims were celebrating the victory of Islam
on the infidels.

Addressing the Meccans who had summoned before him the Prophet (S.A.W) asked
them, "What do you expect from me today?" "Mercy," they all pleaded. Tears rolled from
the eyes of the Prophet (S.A.W) and he declared, "Today I will speak to you as Yusuf
spoke to his brothers. I will not harm you and Allah will forgive you for He is Merciful
and Loving. Go you are free." Abu Sufian who was sure than he will not be forgiven ran
after every important person whom he thought could influence the Prophet (S.A.W).
When nobody accompanied him he caught hold of Prophet (S.A.W)’s uncle Abbas and
begged him to save his life. Abbas requested the Prophet (S.A.W) to forgive Abu Sufian,
and the Prophet (S.A.W) did not turn down his uncle’s request, and freeing Abu Sufian
said "Go you are a freed slave."

After the conquest of Mecca the Prophet (S.A.W) sent some of the Muslims as
missionaries to visit the small hamlets of non-Muslims near Mecca and invite them
towards Islam. He had given specific orders not to harm anyone but Khalid Bin Waleed
who had embraced Islam only after the fall of Mecca chose the occasion to take the
revenge on his infidel uncle from Bani Jazhima who were all Muslims. When the people
of Bani Jazhima learned about Khalid Bin Waleed’s coming they came out of their
hamlets to meet him but armed. Khalid knowing fully well that they were Muslims asked
them who they were. The people of Bani Jazhima said that they were Muslims and
followed the teachings of Mohammad (S.A.W). They also informed him that they had
built a mosque in which they recite Azaan and offer Namaz. When Khalid could not find
any other excuse to kill them he asked them as to why did they come armed to meet him.
They replied that they mistook him and his men to be some other clan with whom they
did not have good relations. Khalid did not accept this explanation and ordered them to
surrender their arms, which they immediately did. Khalid then ordered his men to tie their
hands behind their backs. When their hands were tied Khalid beheaded all of them.

When the Prophet (S.A.W) learned about the killings of Muslim by Khalid, he was so
angry and agitated that thrice he prayed, "O Allah I deplore Khalid’s action." Then he
sent Ali (A.S.) to compensate the survivors for their losses and to return all that Khalid
had looted. Ali (A.S.) enquired from every person of Bani Jazhima of his or her’s losses
and sufferings and gave all what they asked for. When every person was paid to his
satisfaction and there was still some money left, Ali (A.S.) redistributed it to all of them.
When the Prophet (S.A.W) was informed about the way Ali (A.S.) handled the sufferers
of Bani Jazhima he appreciated Ali (A.S.)’s generosity.

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