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Question 8: SBP 08
ANSWER (a) show the direction of current
8.1 ELECTROMAGNETISM
1.
(b)(i)
2. 4.
(a)(i) X: contact (a) (b)
Y: battery
Z: switch
(a)(ii) soft iron core
(a)(iii) easy to magnetized and
demagnetized.
(a)(iv) to avoid direct contact with the
circuit with high voltage which is
dangerous.
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(c)
When the switch is on, current
flow through the copper rod and
produce magnetic field.
The interaction between the
magnetic field from the
permanent magnet with the
magnetic field from current
carrying conductor
Produce resultant force
Use Fleming’s Left hand rule to
determine the direction of the
force, F
(d)(i) The copper rod willill move further. (b)(ii) wire X moves to the left.
Current increases when Resultant force acts on the wire.
resistance decreases. (c) 1. Reverse the terminal of the
(d)(ii) The copper rod vibrate at the battery
equilibrium position. 2. reverse the polarity of the
The direction F changes when the magnet.
direction of current change.
(e) electric motor, galvanometer.
7. Question 5: Pahang 08
(a) copper wire moves upward
5. (b) Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
(a) P: commutator (c)(i) The copper wire moves
Q: carbon brush downward
(b) P: reverse the direction of current (c)(ii)
in the coil every half rotation so
that the coil continues to turn in
same direction
Q: to contact with the
commutator so the current from
the battery enters the coil.
(c) SVUT
(d)(i) SV: move downwards
(d)(ii) UT: move upwards
(d)(iii) Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
(e) anti clockwise
6.
(a) magnadur magnet (c)(iii) Increase the current and the
(b)(i) strength of the magnetic field
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
8. 10. Question 7: MRSM 09
(a) (a)(i) d.c motor
(a)(ii Reverse
everse the direction of current
) in the coil every half rotation so
that the coil continues to turn in
same direction
(b)(i)
(ii)
(b)(i) ac current
(b)(ii)
When the switch is on, current
flow through the copper rod and
produce magnetic field.
The interaction between the
magnetic field from the (b) Current
permanent magnet with the (iii) Strength of magnetic field
magnetic field from current (c)(i) Change commutator with a
carrying conductor pair of slip rings
Produce resultant force
Use e Fleming’s Left hand rule to (c) Use a curve magnet
determine the direction of the (ii) Magnetic field is
force, F concentrated
(b)(iii)The
The spring produce the same
force but with opposite direction.
8.3 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
9. Question 8: MRSM 08
(a) Electromagnet is a magnet in 11.
which a magnetic field is (a)
produced by the flow of electric
current.
(b)(i) Thick
Because less resistance
(b)(ii) Soft iron
Because easy to magnetise
and demagnetize. (b) Fleming’s Right Hand Rule
(b)(iii) Larger (c)(i) decreases
Because the strength of (c)(ii) Increases
electromagnet increases / (iii) No induced current / zero
stronger magnetic field.
(c) The most suitable is M
(d)(i) Parallel to the galvanometer
lvanometer 12.
(d)(ii) Less effective resistance (a)
(d)(iii) VR = VG S
(IR)R = (IR)G
(1 – 0.005)(R) = (0.005)(5)
R = 0.0251 Ω
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
(ii) Increase the speed hence, induced more current
Increase the strength of magnetic (c) Lenz’s law
field (d) The current induced produces
p
Increase the number of turns of north pole on the left side
the coil so as to oppose the oncoming
magnet
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
8.4 TRANSFORMER 21. Conceptual: Perak 07
(a) Electromagnet is an iron core
18. Question 3: Negeri 9 09 which can be magnitized when
(a) Step down transformer current flow.// temporally
(b) Direction and magnitude of ac magnitized when current flow
current always change, so there through it.
will be changing of magnetic flux. (b) number of turns in solenoid in
(c) VP = NP = 240 = 20 Diagram 10.1 is more
Vs NS 12 1 the magnitude of current flowing
NP : NS = 20: 1 in Diagram 10.1 is bigger
(d)(i) The light bulb does not light up the number of paper clips
(ii) Dc current has constant attracted to solenoid in
magnitude and direction so there Diagram10.1 is more
is no changing in magnetic (c) the strength of the magnetic field
flux/field. (i) increases when the magnitude of
current increases
(c) the strength of the magnetic field
19. Question 4: Johor 07 (ii) increases when the number of
(a) Increase the number of turns in solenoid increases
turns in the secondary coil
Decrease the number of turns in
the primary coil. 22. Conceptual: MRSM 07
(b) Because iron can be magnetized (a) A region where a magnetic material
and demagnetized easily (i) experiences magnetic force.
(c) P = VI (a) When the magnet bar/wire is
(i) 36 = 24I (ii) stationary, the pointer of the
Current in the secondary coil = 1.5 galvanometer does not deflect /
A// shows no reading
(c) VsIs=VpIp When the magnet bar moves
(ii) (36) = (240)Ip towards the solenoid, the
Current in the primary coil = 0.15A pointer of the galvanometer
deflects / shows reading
When the wire moves between
20. Question 6: Teknik 07 the poles of the permanent
(a) For transformer P, Ns < Np OR magnet, the pointer of the
For transformer Q, Ns > Np galvanometer deflects / shows a
(b) For transformer P, Vs < Vp OR reading
For transformer Q, Vs > Vp When a wire moves and cut the
(c) When Ns < Np , therefore Vs < Vp magnetic field lines, an induced
(i) current flows.
(c) P : Step – down transformer Electromagnet induction
(ii) Q : Step – up transformer
(d) Alternating current (a.c. )
(i)
(d) The transformer does not
(ii) function/Output voltage is zero
No magnetic field induce the
current
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
23. Understanding: Perak 07 each turn overlap to produce a
When the switch is on, the soft iron resultant field which is much
core becomes electromagnet. End A stronger.
becomes north pole. Increase the magnitude of the
End B becomes south pole current / dry cells
Magnet P repels from end A To increase the strength of the
Magnet Q attracts to end B magnetic field
Replace the straight iron core
with a U-shaped iron core
24. Understanding: MRSM 07 Produce stronger magnetic field
D.c generator has commutator
A.c generator has slip rings
D.c current flows in one direction 27. Qualitative problem: MRSM 07
while a.c current changes direction (i) Draw diagram
and magnitude Iron core
Kinetic energy changes to electric Input 240 V a.c
energy for both generator Primary coil 50 turns
Secondary coils 100 turns
I = 12.5 = 0.052 A
30. Quantitative problem: SBP 07 240
Vs = Ns Vp = 500 x 240
(i) Np 2000
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
increases as the number of 34. Section C: Kedah 08
magnet increases. (a) Direct current is current that
the angle of deflection of flows in one direction.
copper wire is increases as the (b) The magnadur magnets
strength of the magnetic force produce a magnetic field /
increases. diagram
(c) Force acting on the cooper rod The current in the wire
(i) moved the cooper rod towards produces a magnetic field /
the magnet // left diagram
(c) the cooper rod vibrates The two magnetic fields
(ii) as current change direction interact / combine to form a
non-uniform magnetic field or
(d) When the current flow into the catapult field.
(i) coil, magnetic field is
produced.
Catapult field is produced
when the magnetic field from
permanent magnet and from
current carrying conductor
interact (c) Low density
A couple of forces are
Coil has smaller mass / lighter
produced in the opposite
High number of turns
direction
Larger force acting on the coil /
These pair of forces produce
higher electromagnetic field
the turning effect on the coil.
strenght.
(d) Increase the strength of
High strength magnets
(ii) magnet / add more magnet
Large force acting on the coil
increase the strength of
More segments
magnetic field
Coil rotates smoothly
Increase the number of turns in
the coils Choose R
to increase the magnitude of Because it lowest density, high
force number of turns, high strength
magnets and many number of
Increase the magnitude of
segments of the commutator.
current
to increase the magnitude of
force / increase the
(d) 3 x 8 = 24 J
(i)
strength of magnetic field
(ii) 24/5
= 4.8 W
(iii) Efficiency = (4.8/12) x 100%
40 %
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
35. Section B: Melaka 08
(a) Magnetic field is a region of
(i) magnetic force.
(a) The direction of the m magnetic
(ii) field
ield on the left coil is
counter/anti clockwise,
/diagram
The direction
tion of the magnetic
field on the right coil is (c) The shape of the magnet is
clockwise // diagram (i) cylindrical
It will produce uniform
magnetic field
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
38. Section B: kelantan 09 39. Section B: Pahan 09
(a) Process of producing electric (a) Work done to transfer 1 C of
current by changing magnetic charges from one point to another.
field. (b) Electrical power is generated at
(b)(i) North pole high current and low voltage
(b) The more the bar magnets, the Before transmission, current
(ii) greater the deflection of the passes through step up
galvanometer transformer
(c) The more the bar magnets, the During transmission, electrical
(i) stronger the magnetic field power is at low current and high
strength voltage to reduce power loss
(c) The stronger the magnetic field At reception point, current
(ii) strength, the greater the passes through step down
deflection of the galvanometer. transformer.
(d)(i) Step down transformer Electrical power is at low
(d) When an alternating current voltage and high current.
(ii) flows through the primary (c) Nonrenewable resources:
coil, a changing magnetic Natural gas, petroleum
field is produced. Will be depleted
The changing magnetic field Polute the environment
will is linkage through the Renewable resources:
soft iron core to the Hidro, solar & wind
secondary coil Will not be depleted
An alternating emf / current of Does not pollute environment
the same frequency is (d)
induced in the secondary coil Modification explanation
(e) Material: Strong and will not
Modifications Explanations steel alloy break easily
Use strong Produce strong U-shaped steel Not too heavy
magnet magnetic field. So alloy
high induced current Trust and support Can support
is produced. join bigger weight
Concave poles Provide radial Large diameter Less resistance
of magnets magnetic field which cable
ensures the cutting Laminated wire To reduce eddy
of magnetic field is current
always maximum. Made from low Cable is lighter
Large number of Produce more density material
turns of the coil induced current.
Larger area of Produce more
coil induced current
The speed of Produce more
rotation must be induced current
high
FIZIKMOZAC 2010
40. Section B: SBP 09 The direction of current flow
(a) Electromagnet is a device in determine by using Fleming’s
(i) which magnetism is produced by right hand rule
an electric current After 90o the direction of
// temporary magnet made by current in the external circuit
winding a coil round a soft iron reversed/ diagram
core and magnetic field produce (ii)
when current flow. Modification Explanation
Change slip To reverse
(ii) Current flow in diagram 10.2 is rings with contact with
more than 10.1 // vice versa. commutator brushes so
The amount of iron filing that the
attracted by iron core in current flow in
Diagram 10.2 is more than 10.1 same direction
// vice versa. in external
The magnetic strength in circuit
diagram 10.2 is more than 10.1
// vice versa. Use stronger To increase
Amount of iron filing attracted magnet the magnetic
increase when current field strength
increase
The magnetic field strength Use more Increase the
increase when current number of rate of change
increase turn for the of magnetic
(b) When too high current flow, coil/ Increase field/increase
magnetic field strength the speed of the induced
become very strong / wire rotation current
expand
electromagnet pull the soft
iron armature / pulled to the
right by spring P.
release the catch, contact
separate and current does not
flow
When reset button is pressed,
spring Q pulls the soft iron
armature back to its original
position
(c) When the coil rotates the coil
(i) cut across the magnetic field
lines
Induced current flow in the
coil.
The current maximum when
the coil cut the magnetic field
at right angle // current
decreased (become zero) when
the coil move in parallel with
magnetic field lines
FIZIKMOZAC 2010