MG647 Framework for Innovation

Innovation and Entrepreneurship Management

M1 M2 M3 Mn
Innovation - 6

Prof . Rajendra K Lagu Foundations

[R&D]
Core
Technology
Peripheral
Technology

School of Management
IIT Bombay Enabling Technology

Skills Tools

Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.1 Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.2

Technology Lifecycle Curve: S Curve Elements in the Framework

Market Size • Markets (many of them)
• Core technology
• Foundation technology
• Enabling technology
• Peripheral technology
• Tools and skill sets
Time
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.3 Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.4

Foundation Technology or R&D

Mobile Receiver Space
Aspects
• Markets: PDAs, handsets
• Core technology – Digital Signal Processing
• Foundation technology – GSM Protocol
• Enabling technology – Microprocessors and
embedded systems
• Peripheral technology -- Battery, display
• Tools and skill sets – VLSI design, ROMMable
software development
• Creates the specifications for the technology
which eventually become interoperable
standards
• Deals at vary fundamental levels – physical
phenomena -- examples in GSM, CDMA –
fading, co-channel interference, signal to noise
ratio improvement, error correction schemes,
acceptable receiver sensitivity

Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.5 Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.6

1
Foundation Technology in MPEG
• Psychoacoustics and human perception
• Sensitivity of ear to different frequency bands
• What information in music is redundant from
the perceptive of human auditory system
• Lossy data compression without apparent loss
of quality
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.7
Enabling Technology Importance of Modifiability
• Platforms on which the algorithms are
implemented -- Processors, ASICs
• Lots of trade-offs – cost, volume, development
time, easy of modification, skill sets
• Market dependence comes into picture – MP3
player implemented on a PC (WinAmp), MP3
player in a mobile phone, MP3 player in a
Transcend JetFlash device
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.9
Technology Lifecycle USPs along the Curve
• Different types of customers are active at
different time points on the “S” curve
• Early stage -- Technology buffs
• Middle stage – Early adapters who believe
that technology deployment will give them a
competitive advantage
• Laggards – Reluctant followers
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.11
Core Technology in GSM
• Basic algorithms implemented in a device-
independent fashion – no assumptions about
processors, FPGAs, or ASICs
• Encoder and decoder design
• Improved algorithms that implement the same basic
foundation technology -- scope for patenting.
• Cooperate at standards (Foundation level), compete
at implementation (Core level)
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.8
• Early part of the “S” curve
• Specs are not frozen
• Customers are giving feedback on features
• Interoperability issues are being thrashed out
• Need the modifiability and so designs are
usually implemented on processors.
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.10
• Early stage: Performance, accuracy
• Middle stage: Combination of performance
and cost
• Late stage: Cost and frills
• Early stage: Core and foundation technology
• Late stage: Peripheral technology
Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.12
2
Advantages of the Framework
• Enables technology-centric strategic planning

• Classifies technology into well-characterized

components

• Brings out clarity in evolution scenarios

• Helps entrepreneur in “positioning” his/her

offerings

Prof . R.K.Lagu Innovation 6.13