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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
8-1. The Automated COMSEC Management and Engineering System
(ACMES)- consists of a hardware and a software system designed to
provide the communications planner the capability to provide
decentralized and automated Communications-Electronics Operation
Instructions (CEOI)/Signal Operation Instructions (SOI) design,
development, generation, distribution and management. Additionally,
ACMES provides the development, generation, distribution and
management of Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM) (anti-
jamming protection measures) fill variables required by the frequency-
hopping Single-Channel Ground and Airborne Radio System (SINCGARS).
The software portion of ACMES, hosted on the Lightweight Computer Unit
(LCU), is called the Revised Battlefield Electronic Communications-
Electronics Operation Instructions (CEOI) System (RBECS).
8-2. The system can produce the ECCM fill variables to support SINCGARS
in data file and electronic formats. In addition, the system can produce SOI
outputs in either electronic or hard copy (paper) formats. The objective is
to fully utilize the electronic data storage devices (e.g., Automated Net
Control Device (ANCD)) to eliminate the need for hard copy paper SOI (see
Figure 8-1).
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8-3. The employment of the ACMES RBECS software is similar to that of its
predecessor Battlefield Electronic Communications-Electronics Operation
Instruction (CEOI) System (BECS); namely, is similar from Corps through
Brigade and separate Battalion levels. The original system, BECS, was
fielded to provide decentralized SOI and SINCGARS support initially. The
U.S. Army replaced BECS with RBECS, which is discussed in this Chapter.
Table 8-1 shows ACMES functions at various command levels, theater to
battalion.
• Signal Officers at both Corps (G-6) and Division (G-6) (and Separate
Brigade) levels use their LCUs with RBECS to design, develop,
generate and distribute SOIs and SINCGARS frequency-hopping
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Brigade ANCD/Disk Receives the generated CEOI/SOI and other data such as
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Battalion ANCD/Disk/Paper Receives the CEOI/SOI information and other data such as
& ECCM Fill hopsets and TRANSEC keys from brigade
Device
Note 1: In some situations, theater may not be the highest level of command. In this case, the highest, the
highest level of command (i.e., Corps) will generate TRANSEC keys.
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CAPABILITIES
LCU Computer
8-7. The LCU computer, when operating the RBECS and RDS application
software, provides the user the capability to generate, store, print and/or
electronically transfer both single channel (SC) and frequency-hopping
(FH) information and the Transmission Security (TRANSEC) Key (TSK) for
Electronic Counter-Countermeasures (ECCM) protection. These capabilities
are designed to be more responsive to rapidly changing and highly mobile
conditions on the battlefield.
Note: The Random Data Generator (RDG) provides the required random data to the LCU Computer
operating the RBECS software to allow RBECS to generate SOI and TRANSEC Key data.
8-8. The LCU is a computer with a keyboard and a Liquid Crystal Display
(LCD). The 10-inch display normally shows 25 80-character lines of
alphanumeric information. The VGA display contains 640 x 480 pixels and
supports 16 levels of shading. The LCU may be used at a fixed
workstation, or may be carried to practically any location. A typical work
station setup might require space for peripheral devices, such as a printer,
printer paper, interface transfer cables, and/or interfaced devices (e.g.,
SINCGARS radios, Automated Net Control Devices, etc.).
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8-9. A specific set up procedure is not required to operate the LCU. If the
LCU power source provides power within acceptable parameters, the
computer is ready to operate as a stand-alone computer. If the power
source cannot provide power within acceptable parameters (e.g., battery
pack charge is below minimum operational levels), an alternative good
power source must be connected for continued operation of the LCU. A
solution is to replace, with fresh/recharged, batteries in battery pack or
turn off the LCU and recharge existing batteries. The LCU Computer when
operating the RBECS software may interface with and output to one of
three types of printers. The RBECS software configuration may be set to
support either of these printers, Epson-compatible printers and the
Hewlett Packard LaserJet-compatible printers.
LCU Printer
8-10. The LCU printer is a small lightweight dot-matrix printer that has a
print rate of 160 characters per second (CPS) in the "draft" printing mode
and 80 CPS in the "Near-Letter-Quality" printing mode. The printer is
powered by either battery or the LCU power supply. The printer uses a
ribbon to print several hundred pages of legible print. The ribbon is
disposable and is easily replaced. The printer's normal line width is 80
characters. The printer will accept paper widths from 3 to 8.5 inches and
comes with a tractor feed attachment that accepts 8.5 x 11 inch
8-11. The printer uses the provided cables to connect to the LCU's
Centronics parallel interface port. The printer is capable of printing in two
modes, text mode and graphics mode. In the text mode, the printer
interprets each data byte it receives from the computer as an American
Standard Code for Information Exchange (ASCII) character. It then refers to
its character table and prints the dot pattern it finds. In the graphics mode,
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however, the data received from the computer directly specifies the dot
pattern that is to be printed. In lieu of the LCU printer, Epson or Hewlett
Packard compatible printers may be used for output.
8-13. The unit is activated by the On/Off switch on the front panel;
however, the unit does have a "sleep" mode that inactivates the unit when
not in use for an extended period in order to conserve energy drain from
the unit's battery power supply. The unit is provided with a cable that
connects the unit (from its rear panel) to a serial port on the computer
(e.g., LCU).
8-14. The unit also has a low battery light on the front panel to indicate
that the batteries powering the unit are reaching unacceptable power
levels and should be replaced. In addition there are a ready light and an
alarm light on the front panel to indicate the operational status of the unit.
The ready light is illuminated when the unit is powered up and is
operational. The alarm light is illuminated when the unit is powered up and
is not operational. Note: Only one of the ready and alarm lights is
illuminated when the unit is powered up.
8-15. The RDG is a Controlled Cryptographic Item of equipment that when
connected to a computer (e.g., LCU) provides the necessary random data
to the RBECS software in order to generate CEOI/SOI and/or TRANSEC key
fill data to support the frequency-hopping SINCGARS radios.
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8-17. The RDS is one example of applications software for the ANCD that
provides the means to electronically support the user's needs with regard
to SINCGARS radios (see Chapter 3 of this document) and RBECS-
generated SOI. The ANCD will electronically load both ground and airborne
frequency-hopping SINCGARS radios, HAVE QUICK (Radio Transmitter (RT)
1319) radios and store and transfer keying material for the KY-68 device.
The ANCD has the capability to load the Position Lightweight Global
Positioning System (GPS) Receiver (PLGR) (AN/PSN11) with COMSEC keys.
Additionally, it can perform all functions previously available on the KYX-1
5/TSEC and the KYK-1 3/TSEC.2
RBECS Software
8-18. RBECS is designed to decentralize and automate CEOI/SOI
generation. Generating and distributing RBECS CEOI/SOI can be done with
virtually no dependence on NSA. The RBECS is capable of building a
division size CEOI/SOI in 2-5 hours. NSA normally requires 60-90 days and
a manual build normally requires 3-5 days to produce the same CEOI/SOI.
RBECS can respond quickly to a compromise of CEOI/SOI in the field or to
rapidly changing force structures. RBECS can regenerate frequencies and
call signs in 3-5 hours (depending on database size).
CEOI/SOI Development
8-19. Although RBECS automates the generation process, the signal officer
must design the CEOI/SOI on paper first. These basic steps for designing
and developing RBECS CEOI/SOI data are as follows:
• Research and extract data from the MTOE, which authorizes the
use of personnel and equipment.
• Determine the doctrine to be followed.
• Determine what the commander desires.
• Observe and identify the situation.
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8-21. Fixed frequencies are frequencies that are usually assigned to non-
tactical units. The frequency value is manually assigned and is unique to
the specific net. The frequency value is non-changing for all time periods
of the generation. For example, the MEDEVAC net may be assigned 34.000
MHz and this frequency will never change. Also, 34.000 MHz will not be
assigned to another net. Fixed frequencies do not have any restrictions
assigned and are used on single-channel nets only.
8-22. Restricted frequencies are frequencies that can not be used by
certain nets for various reasons, i.e., power, area restricted. The frequency
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value is assigned a letter restriction and if a net has the same restriction
letter assigned to it, then the net will never be assigned the frequency
value for any time period. Restricted frequencies can be either discrete or
common user frequencies.
8-23. RBECS software is designed to recognize up to 16 separate
frequency restrictions (identified by a letter code) per frequency band. As
each restriction is identified, assign it an appropriate entry on the
restriction explanation work sheet. Multiple frequencies (up to the
maximum allowable within any frequency band) can be assigned to a
single frequency restriction letter. The RBECS software is designed to
recognize all 16 of the separate net restrictions (identified by a letter
code) per net. As each restriction is identified, assign it an appropriate
letter code (A-P) and add the code and restriction description to the
restriction explanation work sheet.
8-24. These same frequency restrictions will be used at a later time with
specific radio nets on the master list. When assigning frequencies, nets
and frequencies with the same restriction letter code cannot be matched
together. A reverse logic is used when assigning restrictions. For example,
the letter “A” may be assigned to frequencies that will not be used to
communicate with aircraft (net restriction). Therefore “A” restricted
frequencies will not be assigned nets that have been assigned the “A”
restriction. When an RBECS spectrum manager receive the RFA, he is
required to read and interpret it, extract both external and internal
frequency restrictions, complete a restriction explanation sheet, and
compare frequency restrictions against nets when completing the master
net list.
8-25. Ideally, frequencies are randomly assigned to nets designed to
receive a changing frequency with each change in time period. However,
because of special cases (i.e., MEDVAC) and the lack of available
frequencies and abundance of needed nets some nets must share
frequencies or reuse frequencies. Also, some nets require frequency
separation from other nets to prevent interference.
8-26. The various types of frequency assignments should be considered
when developing the database to generate a CEOI/SOI:
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8-30. The net Master List is used to enter: net name/description, net ID,
organizational code, restrictions, frequency type, power, reuse class, reuse
zone, and call word/color word requirements. A description of each master
Net List entry is shown in Table 8-3.
Net Number Net Number (NET NUM) is the first column of the matrix. The number increases
in sequential order as you proceed down the list. This number is used as the
reference number for each of the nets when entering Net Groups, Separation
groups, Call Sign Sharing Plan, Call word Sharing Plan, and Frequency Sharing
Plan. Up to 9999 nets may be entered in the list. These nets may be entered in
command echelon (corps, division, brigade, etc.).
Net Name/Description The Net Name/Description column is used to enter the description for the nets to
be included into the completed SOI. The description of the type of net, i.e., 1st
BDE CMD. Up to 9999 net names, each up to 16 character long may be entered
into a RBECS database. The following characters may be used as part of the net
name: letters a-z, digits, 0-9, &, (,), - and/. You should leave blank lines to allow
insertion of additional units if required. Also adding spares to the list should be
considered.
Net ID The Net ID is used to enter the three-digit number (000-999) to be used as a Net
ID with SINCGARS radios (in frequency-hopping mode). The Net ID number is
used in the SINCGARS radio as an identifier. It designates the frequency within
the hopset on which to start hopping. You should allow for spare ID. A
suggestion for reserving Net ID follows:
• 000-099 reserved for Theater/Joint level
• 100-299 reserved for Corps/Service
component Level
• 300-999 reserved for division and
lower/Service component Headquarters level
Call Sign1 In the Call Sign column enter whether or not the net is to receive a call sign
(enter ‘yes’ or ‘no’). A call sign is a three-character combination of letter-number-
letter used to identify a command, activity unit or element is establishing and
maintaining communications. All units and nets are to receive call signs with the
exception of certain administrative nets, i.e., Range Control or MEDEVAC.
Organization Code The Organization Code (OC) column is used to provide identification to groups of
nets within the organization or to echelons of other organizations. The OC will
permit the reuse of Net ID between organization code at least two numbers
apart. The use of an OC provides the means to identify net groupings within a
database to assists in database manipulation, such as the merging of data
between databases. There may be a maximum of nine (1-9) organization codes
used within an RBECS database.
Restrictions The Restrictions column is used to enter the restriction codes that have been
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SOFTWARE MANAGEMENT
8-45. The RBECS software is managed by the Office of the Program
Manager (OPM), Joint Tactical Area Communications System (JTACS),
(SFAE-CM-JTC-CMS), Fort Monmouth, New Jersey 07703-5506. Requests for
distribution and any recommended changes to the RBECS software should
be directed to that organization. An RBECS Software Configuration Control
Board meets periodically to consider changes to the fielded version of the
software. Upon approval by the Board, the changes to the software are
made and OPM-JTACS distributes the updated/revised version of the
RBECS software and installation instructions to authorized users.
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8-46. The RDS software is also managed by the Office of the Program
Manager (OPM), Joint Tactical Area Communications System (JTACS),
(SFAE-CM-JTC-CMS), Fort Monmouth, New Jersey 07703-5506. Requests for
distribution and any recommended changes to the RDS software should be
directed to that organization. An RDS Software Configuration Control
Board meets periodically to consider changes to the fielded version of the
software. Upon approval by the Board, the changes to the software are
made and OPM-JTACS coordinates the installation of the updated/revised
version of the RDS software into the ANCDs of the authorized users.
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