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Example. Exercise.
Solve the simultaneous equations: Solve the following pairs of simultaneous
3r + 2s = 8 and 2r – 4s = 16. equations using the method of substitution.
First name the equations. (Answers: x=7, y=3; x=2, y=1 and x=-18, y=31;
x 2 + 3 xy + y 2 = 31 x=9, y=4 and x=-9, y= -14;
2 x − y =1. x=1, y=2 and x=1.947, y=1.368.)
Rearrange to make y the subject.
y = 2 x −1.
Substitute into .
x 2 + 3 x(2 x −1) + (2 x −1) 2 .
Solve.
x 2 + 6 x 2 − 3 x + (2 x − 1)( 2 x − 1) = 31
⇒ 7 x 2 − 3x + 4 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 31
⇒ 11x 2 − 7 x + 1 = 31 [−31]
⇒ 11x − 7 x − 30 = 0
2
⇒ (11x + 15)( x − 2) = 0
15
⇒x=− , x = 2.
11
For each of these solutions we now need to find
the value of y.
15
Substituting x = − into gives
11
15
y = 2 × − −1 =
11
30
⇒y =− −1
11
41
⇒y =− .
11
Similarly substituting x = 2 into gives y = 3.
(Check this for yourself.)