A TECHNICAL

PROPOSAL
ON PROCESS
UPGRADING
OF UREA
SYNTHESIS
ANDHIGHPRESSUFTE
RECOVERYSECTION
BY
REDUCING
PRESSURE
FROMHIGHPRESSURE
LOOP
ENGRM
. D .A B D U LM A N N A F
B . S ci n M e c h a n i c aEl n g i r r e e r i n8g3 ( B U E T )
E n g i n e e(rM e c h a n r c aJl )a, m u n aF e r t i l i z eCr o m p a n yL i f n i t e d
Execulive

E N G R . M D . M A M U N U R R A S H I D , r " r n a( A p p E A R r D()n o t J )
B S c i n M e c h .E n g g ( 1 , , ' C l a s s ) '(9R3U E T )M , S c i n M e c h E n g g( B U E T ) ' 9 0
A s s i s t a nEt n g i n e e(rM e c h a n r c aJl A
) ,r n u r rF; er rtilizo Cro n t p a n y . [ - i r r i l e c l
T a r a k a n dJi ,a r n a l p r r r - 2 0 5 5 .

Abstract:
H i g hP r e s s u r ies n e v e re x p e c t e d i n p r o c e s so r p r o c e s sf l o r vs y s t e ml.t i s a m a t t e o r f regrcthat,
F r o mt h ev e r yb e g i n n i n gS.u c ha p r o b l e mi s r e n r a i n i nrgnJ a n r u n aF e r t i l i z eCr o m p a n yL i n r r t c c i .
A l l e q u i p m e n to' sf t h e p r r o c e sasr e d a m a g e cdlu e t o h i g l rp r e s s L l r w e ,h i c ha r e c o n n e c i e cr ,Jr t h
t l t el r t g h - p r e s s ul roeo p F
. o rt l r i sr e a s o ne, v e r yy e a rc o m p a t nl o y s s e sa b o u tT K 2 0 c r o r e sc l l r el o
n r a i n t e n a n cber e a k d o w a n n d s t a r t u pA. f t e ri m p l e r n e r r t a t itohni sp r o p o s a lp, r o c c s s . l n (pl r o -
d u c t i o rwr t l lb e s a t r ea s b e f o r eA. l l u s c de q u i p n t e n to' s{ l r i g hp r c s s L l .fo) r . o ( j . )ssys: r t o rw
r ri i lr r r r l
b e d a t l a g e ctif t h i sp r o p o s ails i m p l e m e n t e A d .s a r e s u l t p r o d L t c t i o n
w i l ln o t b e h a r n p c . r elcbj
i n t p l e m e nt ht i sp r o p o s anl r a x i m u m T k . 4 ( F o u r c) r o r o sw i l lb e n e e d e dF - a s r layc c e p t a b laor r c l
r m p l e m e n t epdr o p o s ai ls s i r n p l yd e s c r i b e w d i t hd i a g r a r n i r rt h i sp a t l e r .
K e y W o r d s : M o t i v eN o z z l e B
, o o s t e rp u m p .
Introduction
Processupgraditrgmeans to developprocesssystemor operationor processreactionor
p r o c e s sp a r a m e t eIrn. t h i sc a s ew e r e d u c eh i g hp r e s s u r e o f u r e as y n t h e s i ss e c t i o nf r o n r2 4 0
k g i c n rt"o 1 5 9k g / c t n ;U' .r e ai s p t o c l u c ebdy s y n t h e s ifsr o n rl i q r : i d
a n r r r - r o n i ; r ;gi nacsic o L trs: ; r r l x ; r r
d i o x t d eI.n u r e ar e a c t o ra, m m o n i aa n d c a r b o n d i o x i dr e a c tt o f o r mr e a c lt o f o r r - an r l r t t o r t i u r i r
cr,tLrtreat. a portionof lvhicitclehydrates t ureaartclwater.The reactionsaro as [ollcrw:;
2NH3-COz=NHTCOONHo
N H T C O O N H T = N H TH
CrO+N
HrO
I n s y n t h e s icso n d r t i o nosf J a m u n aF e r t i l i z eCr o .L t d .( T = 1 B B " C P,= ' 1 5 9 k g / c r n ' Gt)h ef i r s tr c a c -
t i o no c c u r sr a p i d l ya n d a f t e rt h e f i r s tr e a c t i o nt,h e s e c o n dr e a c t i o no c c u r ss l o w l ya n i l c l c t c r -
r n i n e st h e r e a c t ovr o l u m e .
T h e D e s c r i p t i o no f J F C L
T h eJ a m t r n aF e r t i l i z eCr o m p a n yL i m i t e c( lJ F C L )h a sb e e ne s t a b l i s h ei rnl 1 f 1 9 1 t o f a c r l i t a t ch c
a g r i c r r l t u tger o w t ho f B a n g l a d e s ht l,r r o u g hp r o d u c r nggr a n u l aur rr o a .T h o p l a n ta n c lh o r i : ; l r r r ;
t r o r r t p l ci xs i o c a t e ci n
l a n a r r : ao f 1 3 5 a c r e so f l a n d A r r o t l r e5r 9 a c r e so f l a n d o n t l - r r : rfeo r
r n rf a s t r u c t u rt a
ecrlrtre l rsk eh e a v yd u t yr o a d ,d i v e r s i orrot a d sc, o r r n e c l i npgl a n ts r t e r, a i l w t ryya i r i
w i t h t h e n a t i o n arla i l w a yt,h e j e t t ya n d w a t e rr n t a k ef a c i l i t i e sl t.s u r e a p r o d u c t i o cna p a c i t yr s
'1078
17 0 0 m e t r i ct o n p e rd a y( M T P D )d e s i g n e db y S N A M P R O G E T a TnI dA m m o r r rias t\4T PD
d e s i g n e db y H A L D O F T O P S OoEf D e n m a r ka n d c o n s t r u c t ebdy M i t s L r b i sH he i a v yl r r c J u s t r r c s
L r r n r t eodf J a p a n J. F C L h a s p o w e rg e n e r a t r ocna p a c i t yo f 2 0 . 8 5M W ( l n s t a l l e da)n d b a g g i n g
c a p a c i t yr s 3 , 6 0 0M T P D .M a r nr a w m a t e r i aflo r p r o d u c t i oor rf u r e ai s n a t u r agl a s .N a t u r agl a s
h a s b e e ns u p p l r e fdr o mT i t a sG a s f i e l dt h r o u g hB r a l t m a p L r G t r a s f i e l dl h r o r , r gBl rr a l r r r a p u t r a
G a sT r a n s m i s s i oan d D i s t r i b u t i oPnr o j e c t .

{rbr
 H i g h P r e s s u r er e c o v e r yS y s t e mo f J F C L
l l t g h ; t r e s s u r (r r ; r ( , i s y s t e r nU { J F C L o ( r c L i rosr r t h e t o p o f t h e l i P s e p a r a t olro m e d i L [ I
p r c s s u r cd e c o r i l . i o s el nr .t h i sc a s e tf,r o r nt h et o po f t h e H P s e p a r a t ot rh e i n c o n d e n s a bgl ea s e s
c o r r oo u tc o n : i r s l i nogf r n e r tg a s e sc c . r r r t a i nai nl q i t t l eq u a n t r toyf N H . a, n d C o , u n r e a c t e idn t h e
c o n c l e n s ew r ,h i c ha r e s e n t t o t h e b o t t o mo f t h e m e d i u mp r e s s u r ed e c o m p o s e rl n. t h e H P
rLlcovery system,the productsand unconverted crabmeatdecomposes to ureaand waterby
s t r i p p t nagc t i o no f a m m o n i aA. t t h eo u t l e o t f t h es t r i p p e rt h
, ec o n v e r s i oonf t h ec a r b o n d i o x i dt oe
tureais 83 to 859'..The overheated gasesfromthe stripperand the recoveredcrabmeatsolu-
t t o nf r ' , r rtnh e t l e d i u t np r s s u r ea b s o r b efrl o wt o t h e h i g hp r e s s u r e c r a b m e act o n d e n s ewr h e r e
t l r r ' l rl a l r n i x t r r recx c e p ft o r a f e w i n e r ti s c o n d e r r s eer il n dr e c y c l e ct ol t h e r e a c l o b
r y m e a n so f
t lr c c- 'rr r l t r n e aeil e c t o r .
B ; r c k c ; r o t r nodf t h e S t u d ' v
I n A n r e r j c a . p o w e r s u pI p1 l0yv o l t s a o l lv e r t h e c o u n t r y , w h e r e a s o u r c o u n t r y i n B a n g l a d e s h r s
2 2 0 v o l t sV . o l t a g ei s n o t h i n gi,t i s p r e s s L r r iet ,i s e l e c t r i c apl r e s s u r ea n d m o r e p r e s s u r en r a y
c a u s ed a r t t a g o e r p o s s r b r l ittoy d a m a g ee v e r yt h i n g P . o w e ri n t e r r u p t i omna yc a u s eo f c l a m a g e
e l c c l r r c aelc l u i p n r eonrt p o s s i b i l i toyf a n y a c c i d e n tS. o ,c o m p a r a t i v el loywv o l t a g er s s a f e rt h a n
t l t t :h r g i rv o l t a g eS. i r r i l a r l yf o r p u m p s ,c o m p a r a t i v elloyw - p r e s s u rpeu m p sa r e s a f e rt l r a nt h e
htgh-pressup r eu t n p s F . o r h i g h - p r e s s u rpeu m p s ,i t i s e a s y p o s s i b l et o d a m a g et h e i n t e r n a l
p i r i t : o, l l l r cp u n t l ; sl .n c i r s eo f h r g l -prr e s s u r er e c i p r o c a t i np gL r m pi t.m a yd a m a q ev a l v es, p r i n g s ,
s o a l s c i r s c sp. a c k i n gO , - r i n g sg, e a r s ,b e a r i n g sm , a n i f o l db, a r r e l sa n d l i n e se t c .S a r l e o c c u r -
r e n c ot s o b s e r v i n igr tu r e ap l a n t o fJ a n r u n aF e r t i l i z eCr o .L t d .H e r et h r e eh i g h - p r e s s u ar em m o -
t t i i tp u t n p sa r eh a v i n gt h ep r e s s u r e a b o u t2 4 0 k g l c m 2 l w Gh, i c hi s v e r yh i g h .S o ,t h a tt h ei n t e r n a l
ltitrts o f t l r ep r e s s u r e
o f p u n r p s
a r e u s u a l l y
d a m a g e dM . a i n t e n a n cf ree q u e n coyf t h es a i dp u m p s
r s l t i g h .T h e d e s i g np r e s s u r eo f t h e p u m p s a r e 2 1 9 k g / c m 2 G b u t f o r p r o c e s sp r o b l e mt,h e
p u r n p sh a v et o d e ' l i v earm m o n i au n d e rp r e s s u r e 240kg/cmrG.
P r i n c i p l eo f t h e p r o c e s s
A s l r e rf l o wd r a g r a renn c l o s e d f i g .N o .1 t h ep r e s e nct o n d i t i osnt a t e da s ,s t r e a mn o .1 6 i n d i c a t e s
h r g h - p r e s s ulrieq u i da m m o n i ac o m i n gf r o m H P a m m o n i ap u m p ,w h i c hi s u s e d a s a d r i v i n g
i r r i r r ifrol r r : r : i b m r : A
e l r : c t otro d r a wc r a h m o altr o m H P s e p a r a t oor f l t r e s s u r e1 4 7 k q / c m i ' G to
llc,-c',rle llressure159 kg/crn'?G. Becausethis processneeds159 kg/cm2Gpressurefor the
[ ] r e ar e a c l c r .
Recornmendation
l - l r Li rr f o c e s sn e e c i s1 5 9k g / c m 2 G pressure b o t hl i q u i da m m o n i a n dc r a b m e afto ru r e ar e a c t o r .
I t c a n b e a v a i l a b l lei q u i da m m o n i ao f p r e s s u r e . 1 5k9g / c m 2 G f r o mH P a m m o n i ap u m pe a s i l y .
l l c t c c r a b t n e aot l e c l o ri s t o l a l l yr e m o v e do r o m r t t e dA, n d C r a b m e alit r e s s u r ec a n [ r e r a r s e d
f r o r n1 4 7k g / c r r r Gt o 1 5 9k g / c m 2 G b y i n s t a l l i nag b o o s t e pr u m pa t t h e p o i n to f s t r e a mn o 1 B
f l o wc l i a g r a m
T h t c i e t a i l elct rl o l t c s e d s t a t e di n { i g .N o . 2 .
Conclusion
P r o p o s e sdV S t e m c l o e sl o t a l l yr e m o v et h ee j e c t o rH. e r ee j e c t obr o d y f, l a n g e se t c .m a yb e u s e d .
O r - r ieyj e c t ofru n c t i o rnst o b e o m i t t e db y r e m o v i n ign t e r n apl a r t si .e . b y r e m o v i n g m o t i v en o z z l e
of ttrr,. ojer;lorIn tlratcase the modificaticln workwillbecomeeasy.
References
1 P r o c e s sa n d F l o wd r a g r a m
of JFCL.
2 P r o r e crte o o r to f J F C L

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