POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

POWER

DISTRIBUTION

&LOAD- SHARING.

CONTENTS:-

03' BLOCK DIAGRAM&IT'S COMPONANTS. 03' WORKING OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORK.

03' VARIOUS TYPES OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. 03' LOAD SHARING.

03' CONCLUSION.

03' REFERANCE.

ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

SANKDASARIY A SHAILESH B.

ENRL NO-090760 111025

SSASIT (E.C. DEPARTMENT)

SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)

POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

POWER DISTRIBUTION & LOAD SHARING

~AIM:-TO STUDY ABOUT ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING.

Electricity distribution is the final stage in the delivery (before retail) of electricity to end users. A distribution system's network carries electricity from the transmission system and delivers it to consumers. Typically, the network would include mediumvoltage (less than 50 kV) power lines, electrical substations and pole-mounted transformers, low-voltage (less than 1 kV) distribution wiring and sometimes electricity meters.

~BLOCK DIAGRAM:-

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,. COMMIERCtAL ,s. IN DUSTRIA L B USI NEsS CO'NSUM ERS

8 DISTRIBUTMQN AUTOIAA TI 0 N DEVICES,

Q RESI DIENTIAl CONSUMERS

SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)

POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

~The schematic arrangement of a power distribution system is shown in figure. The main parts ofsystem are given below:-

(i)GENERATING STATION (ii)STEP UP TRANSFORMER (iii)TRANSMISSION LINES

(iv) STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER

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SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)

POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

~MAIN BLOCKS OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM WITH IT'S WORKING:-

Electric utilities are private or public facilities that provide electricity services to communities. The utilities either generate electricity or purchase electricity from other utilities or independent power producers. Often, one electric utility will generate and transmit to other distribution utilities.

Sub Transmission Customer 26kV and 69kV

Color Black:

Blue: Transmission Green: Distribution

Customer 240V

(I) GENERATION:-

~Electric power is created (generated) from fossil fuels like coal and gas and renewable resources like water, wind and the sun. Utilities use a variety of fuel sources to generate electricity. In Colorado, electricity is produced primarily from coal, natural gas and hydroelectric power. A growing fraction is being generated from wind power. Smaller amounts come from solar and petroleum.

(II)TRANSMISSION

~Once electric power is generated, it is sent to substations via a transmission system of towers and wires. The system moves high voltage electricity from the generation source to population centers where the electricity is distributed. Transmission lines include both high voltage direct current (DC) lines and alternating current (AC) lines, which transmit electricity from substation to substation. Due to drawbacks, there are no DC lines in Colorado, and none are planned.

(III) DISTRIBUTION :-

~To get to your home or business, the power travels through a distribution system of transformers, substations and electric lines, which deliver the power to the end user (you). Distribution lines connect to transmission lines at local substations ..

SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)

POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

Ibo VARIOUS TYPES OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM :-

1. Simple Radial.

2. Loop-Primary System-Radial Secondary System.

3. Primary Selective System-Secondary Radial System.

4. Two-Source Primary-Secondary Selective System.

5. Sparing Transformer System.

6. Simple Spot Network.

7. Medium Voltage DistributionSystem.

IboLOAD SHARI NG:-

~Load balancing (electrical power) (daily peak demand reserve) refers to the use of various techniques by electrical power stations to store excess electrical power during low demand periods for release as demand rises.

~Phase is used for balancing the short-term load-sharing between generators.

~By way of analogy, suppose you have two horses harnessed to the same wagon. You want them to share the load. There is enough stiffness in the harness so that if one horse tries to get ahead of the other, it will take more than its share of the load. The horse will feel this instantly and will be retarded by the extra load.

~The rotational version of this is shown in figure. There are three disks rotating coaxially CCW. The two outer disks (yellow) are generators. The middle disk (green) is the load. If the turbine driving the left-hand generator is a little friskier than the turbine driving the right-hand generator, the left one will become slightly advanced in phase and will take more of the load. Power is transferred to the load by rubber bands shown in red. You can see that the rubber band attached to the left disk is more stretched

AND has better leverage than the other one.

Figure: Phase: Load Sharing between Generators

SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)

POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & LOAD SHARING

ENERGY SYSTEMS

BY SHAILESH B. PATEL -090760111025

~CONCLUSION:-

~Distribution of the generated power through the generating station is required to use the generated power as it's application. For the transmission of the power we use high voltage so that we reduced transmission losses occurs in transmission lines. And after reaching at the destination we reduced the voltage level according to the application with the help of step down transformer substation.

~We must required the balancing of the load so the we get continuous power from the grid lines so by achieved load sharing we get continuous power.

~REFERANCE:-

~WWW.GLOBALSECURITY.ORG ~WWW.BRIGHTHUB.COM ~WWW.EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG

SSASIT

I BY SHAILESH B. PATEL(E.C. DEPARTMENT)