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1. Find the fourier transform of sign function sgn t (signum t), where,
Sgn t = 1 t>0
‐1 t<0
2. Determine whether the function given by the expression
fX(x) = 0 for x<2
= 1/18((3+2x) for 2 ≤ x ≤ 4
= 0 for x > 4
Is a density function?
3. Determine whether the function given is CDF?
fX(x) = 0 for x<a
= 1/2(x/a + 1) for ‐a ≤ x ≤ a
= 1 for x > a
4. Determine the constant k such that the function given is PDF?
fX(x) = 1/k for ‐a ≤ x < b
= 0 elsewhere
Also, find the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the random variable X if k satisfies the
conditions for fX(x) to be a PDF.
5. A continuous random variable has probability density function expressed as fX(x) =2e‐2x for x >=
0. Determine the probability that it will take values between 1 and 3.
6. A carrier wave is represented by the expression νc(t) = 10 sin ωct. Draw the AM wave for m = 0.5,
m = 1 and m = 1.5.
7. A modulating signal 10sin( 2π x 103t ) is used to modulate a carrier 20sin( 2π x 104t ). Determine
the following:
a) Modulation index
b) Percentage modulation
c) Frequencies of the sidebands
d) Bandwidth of the modulated signal
8. Prove that modulation index m = (Vmax – Vmin)/ (Vmax + Vmin) where
Thus find out the modulation depth when the carrier amplitude after AM varies between 4 volts
and 1 volts.
9. An AM transmitter radiates 9Kw of power when the carrier is unmodulated and 10.125 Kw when
the carrier is sinusoidally modulated. Find modulation index. Now, if another sine wave of 40%
modulation is transmitted simultaneously, then calculate the total power radiated.
10. For baseband signal m(t) = cos ωmt, find the DSB‐FC and DSB‐SC signals and sketch their
spectrum. Identify USB and LSB.
11. An AM broadcast station transmits a total of 50Kw when carrier is modulated by the sinusoidal
signal with m=0.707. Calculate:
a) Carrier power
b) Transmission efficiency
12. Verify with the help of spectrum that the message signal m(t) is recovered from a modulated
DSB‐SC signal by first multiplying it by a local carrier and then passing the resulting signal
through a LPF. What is the name of this detection method?
13. You are ask to design a DSB‐SC modulator to generate a modulated signal km(t) cos ωct, where
m(t) is a band limited to B Hz. Figure shows a DSB‐SC modulator vailable in the stock room. The
carrier generator available generates cos3 ωct and not cos ωct. Explain whether you would be
able to generate the desired signal using only this equipment. You may use any kind of filter you
like.
a) What kind of fliter is required?
b) Determine the signal spectra at boints b and c and indicate the frequency bands occupied by
these spectra.
c) Would this scheme work if the carrier generator output were cos2 ωct? Explain.
14. Sketch the AM signal [A+m(t)] cos ωct for periodic signal m(t) shown.
Corresponding to the modulation index
a) μ = 0.5
b) μ = 1
c) μ = 2
d) μ = ∞
How do you interpret the case μ = ∞ ?
15. a)Sketch the DSB‐SC signal corresponding to m(t) = cos2πt.
b)This DSB‐SC signal m(t)cosωct is applied at the input of envelope detector. Show that the
ouput of the envelope detector os not m(t) but |m(t|.