International J. of Math. Sci. & Engg. Appls.

(IJMSEA)
ISSN 0973-9424, Vol. 4 No. V (December, 2010), pp.

ON CONHARMONICALLY AND SPECIAL WEAKLY RICCI

SYMMETRIC LORENTZIAN β-KENMOTSU MANIFOLDS

SUNIL YADAV AND P. K. DWIVEDI

Abstract
The aim of the present paper is to study some geometric properties of Con-
harmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold and a Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu
manifold satisfying R(X, Y ) · H = 0 and prove that a special weakly Ricci symmet-
ric Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold cannot be an Einstein manifold if 1-form α 6= 0.

1. Introduction
A differentiable manifold of dimension n is called Lorentzion β-Kenmotsu manifold
if it admits a (1,1) -tensor fields φ, a contravariant vector field ξ, a covariant vector field
η and a Lorentzian metric g which satisfies

ηξ = −1 φξ = 0 η(φX) = 0 (1.1)

φ2 X = X + η(X)ξ g(X, ξ) = η(X) (1.2)

g(φX, φY ) = g(X, Y ) + η(X)η(Y ) for all X, Y ∈ T M. (1.3)
A Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold M is satisfying

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

Key Words : β-Kenmotsu manifold, Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold, Conharmonic curvature

tensor, Einstein manifold.
2000 Mathematics Subject Classification : 53C05,53C21,53C25,53D15.
Ascent
c Publication House: http:// www.ascent-journals.com

1
2 SUNIL YADAV & P. K. DWIVEDI

∇X ξ = β[X − η(X)ξ] (1.4)

(∇X η)(Y ) = β[g(X, Y ) − η(X)η(Y )] (1.5)

where ∇ denote the operator of covariant differentiation with respect to the Lorentzian
metric g. Further, on a Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold M , the following relation
holds. ([1][2])
η(R(X, Y )Z = β 2 [g(X, Z)η(Y ) − g(Y, Z)η(X)] (1.6)

R(ξ, X)Y = β 2 [η(Y )X − g(X, Y )ξ] (1.7)

R(X, Y )ξ = β 2 [η(X)Y − η(Y )(X)] (1.8)

S(X, ξ) = −(n − 1)β 2 η(X) (1.9)

Qξ = −(n − 1)β 2 ξ (1.10)

S(ξ, ξ) = (n − 1)b2 (1.11)

This paper deals with a type of Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold in which the
relation (1.12) holds.
R(X, Y ) · H = 0, (1.12)

where H is the Conharmonic curvature tensor defined as [3].

1
H(X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z − [S(Y, Z)X − S(X, Z)Y + g(Y, Z)QX − g(X, Z)QY ]
n−2
(1.13)
and R is the Riemannian curvature tensor, S is the Ricci tensor of type (0, 2) and
R(X, Y ) is considered as derivation of the tensor algebra at each point of the manifold
for the tangent vector X, Y . K. Sekigawa [4] and Z. L. Szabo [6] study this connection
in Riemannian manifold satisfying the conditions similar to it, also Quddas Khan [5]
study this connection in Sasakian manifold.
In this paper we have taken R(X, Y ) · R = 0 implies that R(X, Y ) · H = 0and
analysis in Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold.

2. Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu Manifold Satisfying H(X, Y )Z = 0

Theorem 2.1 : A Conharmonically flat Einstein Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold is
locally isometric with a space Ln (c), c = β 2 .
ON CONHARMONICALLY AND SPECIAL WEAKLY RICCI... 3

Proof : Let us suppose that in a Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold the relation

H(X, Y )Z = 0, (2.1)

holds then from (1.13), we get

1
R(X, Y )Z = [S(Y, Z)X − S(X, Z)Y + g(Y, Z)QX − g(X, Z)QY ]. (2.2)
n−2
Let the manifold be Einstein that is S(X, Y ) = λg(X, Y ), where λ is a constant. Then
from (2.2) we get
2λ
R(X, Y )Z = [g(Y, Z)X − g(X, Z)Y ]. (2.3)
n−2
Taking the associate of the equation (2.3) we get
2λ
g(R(X, Y )Z, W ) = [g(Y, Z)g(X, W ) − g(X, Z)g(Y, W )]. (2.4)
n−2
Taking X = W = ξ in (2.4) and then using (1.1), (1.6), we get
 
2λ
β2 + {g(Y, Z) + η(Y )η(Z)} = 0. (2.5)
n−2

This implies that either 2λ = β 2 (2−n) or g(Y, Z) = −η(Y )η(Z), if g(Y, Z) = −η(Y )η(Z)
then from (1.3), we get g(φY, φZ) = 0, which is not possible therefore putting 2λ =
β 2 (2 − n) in (2.3) we get

R(X, Y )Z = β 2 [g(X, Z)Y − g(Y, Z)X]. (2.6)

This completes the proof of the theorem (2.1).

Corollary 2.1.1 : A Conharmonically flat Einstein Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold
is of constant curvature.
Theorem 2.2 : In a Conharmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifolds the Ricci
operator is given by
QX = β 2 X + 2β 2 η(X)ξ.

Proof : Taking Z = ξ in (2.2) and using (1.2), (1.8) and (1.9), we get
(n − 1)β 2
 
2 1
β − {η(X)Y + η(Y )X} = [η(Y )QX − η(X)QY ]. (2.7)
n−2 n−2
Putting Y = ξ in (2.7) and by using (1.1), (1.10), we get

QX = β 2 X + 2β 2 η(X)ξ. (2.8)
4 SUNIL YADAV & P. K. DWIVEDI

This completes the proof the theorem 2.2.

Corollary 2.2.1 : In Conharmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold the Ricci
tensor and the curvature tensor are given by

S(X, Y ) = β 2 g(X, Y ) + 2β 2 η(X)η(Y ) (2.9)

and

2β 2 2β 2
R(X, Y )Z = [g(Y, Z)X − g(X, Z)Y ] + [g(Y, Z)η(X)ξ − g(X, Z)η(Y )ξ]
n−2 n−2

2β 2
+ [η(Y )η(Z)X − η(X)η(Z)Y ] (2.10)
n−2
Remark : The equation (2.8) implies that Conharmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu
manifolds is η-Einstein manifold.

3. An Einstein Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold satisfying R(XD, Y ) ·

H=0
Theorem 3.1 : If in an Einstein Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold the relation R(X, Y )·
H = 0 holds, then the manifold is an η-Einstein manifold.
Proof : Let a Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold (M n , g) be an Einstein manifold that
is S(X, Y ) = λg(X, Y ) then from (1.13),we get

2λ
H(X, Y )Z = R(X, Y )Z − [g(Y, Z)X − g(X, Z)Y ] (3.1)
n−2

we have

η(H(X, Y )Z) = g(H(X, Y )Z, ξ)

2λ
= η(R(X, Y )Z) − [g(Y, Z)η(X) − g(X, Z)η(Y )]
n−2

using (1.6) in above we get

 
2 2λ
η(H(X, Y )Z) = β + {g(X, Z)η(Y ) − g(Y, Z)η(X)}. (3.2)
n−2

Putting Z = ξ in (3.2) and then using (1.1)(1.2), we get

η(H(X, Y )ξ) = 0. (3.3)

ON CONHARMONICALLY AND SPECIAL WEAKLY RICCI... 5

Again taking X = ξ in (3.2) and then using (1.1)(1.2), we get

 
2 2λ
η(H(ξ, Y )Z) = β + {η(Z)η(Y ) + g(Y, Z)} (3.4)
n−2

since (R(X, Y )H)(U, V )W = R(X, Y )H(U, V )W −H(R(X, Y )U, V )W −H(U, R(X, Y )V )

W − H(U, V )R(X, Y )W using (1.12) in above result. We get

R(X, Y )H(U, V )W −H(R(X, Y )U, V )W −H(U, R(X, Y )V )W −H(U, V )R(X, Y )W = 0

(3.5)
therefore

g(R(ξ, Y )H(U, V )W, ξ) − g(H(R(ξ, Y )U, V )W, ξ) − g(H(U, R(ξ, Y )V )W, ξ)

−g(H(U, V )R(ξ, Y )W, ξ) = 0.

From this it follows that

0
H(U, V, W, Y ) − η(Y )η(H(U, V, W ) + η(U )η(H(Y, V )W ) + η(V )η(H(U, Y )W )

+η(W )η(H(U, V )Y ) − g(Y, U )(H(ξ, V )W ) − g(Y, V )η(H(U, ξ)W )

−g(Y, W )η(H(U, V )ξ) = 0 (3.6)

where g(H(U, V )W, Y ) = 0H(U, V, W, Y ), putting Y = U in (3.7) we get

0
H(U, V.W, U ) − η(U )η(H(U, V, W ) + η(U )η(H(U, V )W ) + η(V )η(H(U, U )W )

+η(W )η(H(U, V )U ) − g(U, U )(H(ξ, V )W ) − g(U, V )η(H(U, ξ)W )

−g(U, W )η(H(U, V )ξ) = 0 (3.7)

Let {ei }, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, · · · , n be an orthonormal basis of the tangent space at any point.

Then the sum for 1 ≤ i ≤ n of relation (3.7) for U = ei we get
1
−η(H(ξ, V )W ) = [S(V, W )+(n−1)β 2 g(V, W )+(n−1)β 2 η(W )+(n−2)β 2 g(V, W )]
n−2
n−1 2
+β 2 η(V )η(W ) − β η(V )η(W ) (3.8)
n−2
In view of equation (3.4) and (3.8) we get

S(V, W ) = [(2n − 3)β 2 ]g(V, W ) + [(n − 2)(β 2 − 2γ)]η(V )η(Y ). (3.9)

6 SUNIL YADAV & P. K. DWIVEDI

This complete the proof of the theorem (3.1).

Corollary 3.1.1 : An Einstein Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold is ξ-conharmonically
flat.

4. Conharmonically Flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu Manifold With η-

Parallel Ricci Tensor
Definition : The Ricci tensor S of a Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold (M n , g) is called
η-parallel if it satisfies the condition

(∇X S)(φY, φZ) = 0, for all vector field X, Y, and Z. (4.1)

Theorem 4.1 : In Conharmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold the condition

(4.1) does not satisfies.
Proof : We consider a conharmonically flat Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold with
η-parallel Ricci tensor from (2.8) by virtue of (1.1), (1.2) and (1.3), we get

S(φX, φY ) = β 2 [g(X, Y ) + η(X)η(Y )]. (4.2)

Differentiating (4.2) covariantly along Z, we get

(∇X S)(φX, φY ) = β 2 [(∇Z η)(X)η(Y ) + η(X)(∇Z η)(Y )] (4.3)

using (4.1) in(4.3),we get

β 2 [∇Z η)(X)η(Y ) + η(X)(∇Z η)(Y )] = 0. (4.4)

This implies that β 2 6= 0 then

[(∇Z η)(X)η(Y ) + η(X)(∇Z η)(Y )] = 0, (4.5)

using (1.5) in (4.5) we get

[g(Z, X)η(Y ) + g(Z, Y )η(X) − 2η(X)η(Y )η(Z)] = 0, β 6= 0 (4.6)

substituting X = ξ in (4.6) and then using (1.1) we get

g(Y, Z) = −η(Y )η(Z) (4.7)

using this result in (1.3) we get g(φY, φZ) = 0 which is impossible.

ON CONHARMONICALLY AND SPECIAL WEAKLY RICCI... 7

This completes the proof of the theorem (4.1).

5. On Special Weakly Ricci Symmetric Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu Mani-

fold
Definition : An n-dimensional Riemannian manifold (M n , g) is called a special weakly
Ricci symmetric manifold S W R S)n if [3].

(∇X S)(Y, Z) = 2α(X)S(Y, Z) + α(Y )S(X, Z) + α(Z)S(Y, X), (5.1)

where α is a 1-form and is defined by

α(X) = g(X, ρ), (5.2)

ρ is the associated vector field.

Theorem 5.1 : If special weakly Ricci symmetric Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold
admits a Cyclic Ricci tensor then the 1-form α must be vanishes.
Proof : Let (5.1) and (5.2) be holds in Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold. Taking Cyclic
permutation of (5.1), we get

(∇X S)(Y, Z) + (∇Y S)(Z, X) + (∇Z S)(X, Y ) = 4[α(X)S(Y, Z)

+ α(Y )S(Z, X) + α(Z)S(X, Y )] (5.3)

Let (M n , g) admits a cyclic Ricci tensor then we get

[α(X)S(Y, Z) + α(Y )S(Z, X) + α(Z)S(X, Y )] = 0. (5.4)

Taking Z = ξ in (5.4) and then using (1.9), (5.2) we get

(n − 1)β 2 α(X)η(Y ) + β 2 (n − 1)η(X)α(Y ) − S(X, Y )η(ρ) = 0. (5.5)

Replacing X = Y = ξ in (5.5) and then using (1.1) (5.2), we get

3η(ρ) = 0 (5.6)

this implies that η(ρ) = 0 ⇒ α(X) = 0 ∀ X.

This complete the proof of the theorem (5.1).
Theorem 5.2 : A Special weakly Ricci symmetric Lorentzian β-Kenmotsu manifold
can not be an Einstein manifold if the 1-form α 6= 0.
8 SUNIL YADAV & P. K. DWIVEDI

Proof : For an Einstein manifold (∇X S)(Y, Z) = 0 and S(Y, Z) = λg(Y, Z). Then from
(5.1), we get
al(X)g(Y, Z) + α(Y )g(X, Z) + α(Z)g(Y, X) = 0. (5.7)

Taking X = Z = ξ in (5.7) and then using (1.1), (5.2), we get (5.8), replacing in (5.8)
we get η(ρ) = 0 using this fact in (5.8) we get α(Y ) = 0 ∀ Y.
This completes the proof of the theorem (5.2).

References

[1] Bagewadi, C. S. and Venkatesha, Some curvature tensor on Trans-Sasakian

Manifolds, Turk. J. Math, 30 (2007), 1-11.
[2] Bagewadi, C. S. and Girish Kumar, E., Note on trans-Sasakian manifolds tensor,
N. S., 65(1) (2004), 80-88.
[3] Singh, H. and Khan Q., On Special weakly symmetric Riemannian manifold,
Publ. Math. Debrecen, Hungary, 85(3) (2001), 523-536.
[4] Sekigawa, K., Almost Hermition manifold satisfying some curvature condition,
Kodai Math. J., 2 (1979), 384-405.
[5] Khan, Quddus, On Coharmonically and special weakly Ricci symmetric Sasakian
manifold, Novisad J. Math., 34(1)(2004), 71-77.
[6] Szabo, Z. L., Structure theorem on Riemannian space satisfying the local version,
J. Diff. Geom., 17 (1982), 531-582.

Sunil Yadav,
Department of Mathematics,
Alwar Institute of Engineering & Technologoy,
Alwar (Rajasthan), India
E-mail: sunil.16184@yahoo.com

P. K. Dwivedi,
Department of Mathematics,
Institute of Engineering & Technologoy,
Alwar (Rajasthan), India
E-mail: drpkdwivedi@yahoo.co.in