AT83C26 Software Driver

..............................................................................................

User Guide
 Section 1
1.1 References................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Abbreviations ............................................................................................1-1
1.3 Overview ...................................................................................................1-1

Section 2
2.1 I2C command............................................................................................2-3
2.2 AT83C26 Driver Interface .........................................................................2-4

Section 3
3.1 Read commands .......................................................................................3-5
3.2 Write commands .......................................................................................3-7

Section 4
4.1 smartcard interface ...................................................................................4-9
4.2 DCDC Control .........................................................................................4-11
4.3 smartcard Clocks ....................................................................................4-15
4.4 IO control ................................................................................................4-15
4.5 Slew Rate Control ...................................................................................4-17
4.6 Conclusion ..............................................................................................4-17

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 1

7561A–SCR–10/05
 Section 1
Introduction

The AT83C26 is a multi smartcard reader interface IC for smartcard reader/writer appli-
cations such as EFT/POS terminals and set top boxes.
The AT83C26 needs TWI commands to configure its registers.
The AT83C26 has:
„ 29 registers
„ 12 different write commands
„ 8 different read commands
A driver is mandatory to help the user to configure and use the AT83C26.
This document describes the software driver developed to easily interface a microcon-
troller (with a master TWI) and the AT83C26.

1.1 References „ AT83C26 datasheet

1.2 Abbreviations „ EFT: Electronic Funds Transfer (Credit / Debit Card Processing Systems)
„ POS: Point-Of-Sale
„ TWI: Inter-Integrated Circuit (Idem I2C)

1.3 Overview The AT83C26 is a multi smartcard reader interface IC. This component is used to con-
nect up to 5 SIM/SAM/SC interfaces to a microcontroller. The AT83C26 manages the
ISO7816 bus and the DC/DC conversion.
The AT83C26 is controlled by a microcontroller with TWI master interface. The
AT83C26 TWI address is programmable by reading electrical levels on A2 and A1 at
reset. Up to 4 AT83C26 can be connected on the same TWI bus.
Two DC/DC converters and LDO regulators allow to have an independent electrical con-
trol of each of the 5 SIM/SAM/SC interfaces.
The DC/DC A is used for SC1 interface. The DC/DC B and LDO regulators are used for
SIM/SAM/SC2, SIM/SAM3, SIM/SAM4 and SIM/SAM5 interfaces.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 1-1

7561A–SCR–10/05
 Section 2
Software Description

The software driver is composed of:

„ at83c26.h: this file contains all parameters needed for the driver (mask, TWI
addresses,...)
„ at83c26_lib.c (at83c26_lib.h): this file contains low level functions directly acting on
registers.
„ at83c26_api.c (at83c26_api.h): this file contains high level functions using library
functions.

The microcontroller calls API module functions. Those functions contain TWI
commands.

Figure 2-1. Software structure

at83c26_api.c

at83c26_api.h

at83c26_lib.c

at83c26_lib.h at83c26.h

twi_lib

TWI commands to AT83C26

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 2-3

7561A–SCR–10/05
Software Description

2.1 TWI command The prototype of the TWI command is:

unsigned char twi_send_message_polling( unsigned char slave_adr,
bit rw,
unsigned char nbbytes,
unsigned char *info );

„ slave_adr: This byte corresponds to the 7 MSB bits of address. The MSB bit is the
R/W bit.

Figure 2-2. Example of address byte with A2 = A1 = 0

A2 A1
b7 b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0

0 1 0 0 0 0 1 R/W

Slave Address on 7 Bits = 0x21

„ bit rw: This bit corresponds to the LSB bit of the address byte (0 for write and 1 for
read)
„ nbbytes: This byte indicates the number of byte following the address byte. If this byte
is equal to 0, a stop condition follows the address byte.
„ *info: This pointer indicates the address of the buffer. The buffer contains the data to
send (if write operation) or the data to read (if read operation).

2.2 AT83C26 Driver The AT83C26 driver is developed with C51 microcontroller. The Atmel software TWI
Interface library is used.
If the user wants to interface the AT83C26 driver with another TWI library (on ARM
microcontroller for example), the twi_send_message_polling function must be
included.
Idem for software delays.

Figure 2-3. Software modification

wait() microcontroller
TWI_send_command()
{ {
twi_send_message_polling() tempo() AT83C26 driver
} }

2-4 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

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 Section 3
at83c26_lib Description

The library provides functions to read/write AT83C26 registers.

The AT83C26 has:
„ 29 registers
„ 12 different write commands
„ 8 different read commands

3.1 Read commands Two kinds of functions are developed:

„ based on read command: all registers of a command are read.
„ based on register: the function reads registers until the define register.

Table 3-1. Read Commands Description

CMD1 CMD2 CMD3 CMD4 CMD5 CMD6 CMD7 CMD8

After After After After After After

Send After reset or write After write write write write write
count write command command write command command command command command command
number 2, 3, 4 number 6 number 7 number 8 number 9 number 10 number 11 number 12

1 SC1_STATUS STATUSB SC2_CFG0 SC3_CFG0 SC4_CFG0 SC5_CFG0 DCDCB SLEW_CTRL_1

2 SC1_CFG0 IO_SELECT SC2_CFG1 SC3_CFG2 SC4_CFG2 SC5_CFG2 LDO SLEW_CTRL_2

3 SC1_CFG1 INTERFACE_B SC2_CFG2 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF SLEW_CTRL_3

4 SC1_CFG2 ITDIS 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

5 SC1_CFG3 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

6 SC1_CFG4 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

7 SC1_INTERFACE 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

8 TIMER_MSB 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

9 TIMER_LSB 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

10 CAPTURE_MSB 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 3-5

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at83c26_lib Description

CMD1 CMD2 CMD3 CMD4 CMD5 CMD6 CMD7 CMD8

11 CAPTURE_LSB 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

12 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF 0xFF

Table 3-2. List of read functions

Command number General command Register command

c26_read_cmd1_status() (length: 1)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_cfg0() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_cfg1() (length: 3)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_cfg2() (length: 4)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_cfg3() (length: 5)
1 c26_read_cmd1() (length: 11) c26_read_cmd1_sc1_cfg4() (length: 6)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_interface() (length: 7)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_timer_msb() (length: 8)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_timer_lsb() (length: 9)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_capture_msb() (length: 10)
c26_read_cmd1_sc1_capture_lsb() (length: 11)

c26_read_cmd2_statusb() (length: 1)
c26_read_cmd2_io_select() (length: 2)
2 c26_read_cmd2() (length: 4)
c26_read_cmd2_interface_b() (length: 3)
c26_read_cmd2_itdis() (length: 4)

c26_read_cmd3_sc2_cfg0() (length: 1)
3 c26_read_cmd3() (length: 3) c26_read_cmd3_sc2_cfg1() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd3_sc2_cfg2() (length: 3)

c26_read_cmd4_sc3_cfg0() (length: 1)
4 c26_read_cmd4() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd4_sc3_cfg1() (length: 2)

c26_read_cmd5_sc4_cfg0() (length: 1)
5 c26_read_cmd5() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd5_sc4_cfg1() (length: 2)

c26_read_cmd6_sc5_cfg0() (length: 1)
6 c26_read_cmd6() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd6_sc5_cfg1() (length: 2)

c26_read_cmd7_dcdcb() (length: 1)
7 c26_read_cmd7() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd7_ldo() (length: 2)

c26_read_cmd8_slew_ctrl_1() (length: 1)
8 c26_read_cmd8() (length: 3) c26_read_cmd8_slew_ctrl_2() (length: 2)
c26_read_cmd8_slew_ctrl_3() (length: 3)
Note: The last register of a command can be read with 2 functions:
„ based on read command
„ based on register
The two functions are identical and only developed to simplify the use of driver.

3-6 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

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 at83c26_lib Description

3.2 Write commands Two kinds of functions are developed:

„ based on write command: all registers of a command are written.
„ based on register: the function reads unchanged registers before to write until the
defined register.

Table 3-3. Write Commands Description

Address
Byte Command Byte Data Byte 1 Data Byte 2 Data Byte 3 Data Byte 4

1. General Call Reset 0000 0000 0000 0110

2. Reset 0100 XX10 1111 1111

3. Write config SC1 0100 XX10 (10 + SC1_CFG0 6 bits) SC1_CFG1 SC1_CFG2 SC1_CFG3 SC1_CFG4

4. Write Timer 0100 XX10 1111 1100 TIMER_MSB TIMER_LSB

5. Write Interface 0100 XX10 (0+SC1_INTERFACE 7 bits)

6.Write Config SC on DCDCB 0100 XX10 1111 1000 IO_SELECT INTERFACE_B ITDIS

7. Write SC2 interface 0100 XX10 1111 1001 SC2_CFG0 SC2_CFG1 SC2_CFG2

8. Write SC3 interface 0100 XX10 1111 1010 SC3_CFG0 SC3_CFG2

9. Write SC4 interface 0100 XX10 1111 1011 SC4_CFG0 SC4_CFG2

10. Write SC5 interface 0100 XX10 1111 1101 SC5_CFG0 SC5_CFG2

11. Write DCDCB config 0100 XX10 1111 1110 DCDCB LDO

12. Write SLEW_CTRL config 0100 XX10 1111 0111 SLEW_CTRL_1 SLEW_CTRL_2 SLEW_CTRL_3

Note: The command 3 and the command 5 have a format with data in the command
byte. The reason is to access quickly to the register.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 3-7

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at83c26_lib Description

Table 3-4. List of write functions

Command number General command Register command

1 c26_write_cmd1() (length: 1)

2 c26_write_cmd2() (length: 1)

3 c26_write_cmd3() (length: 5)
c26_write_cmd3_sc1_cfg0() (length: 1)
c26_write_cmd3_sc1_cfg1() (length: 2)
c26_write_cmd3_sc1_cfg2() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd3_sc1_cfg3() (length: 4)
c26_write_cmd3_sc1_cfg4() (length: 5)

c26_write_cmd4_timer_msb() (length: 2)
4 c26_write_cmd4() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd4_timer_lsb() (length: 3)

5 c26_write_cmd5() (length: 1) c26_write_cmd5_sc1_interface() (length: 1)

c26_write_cmd6_io_select() (length: 2)
6 c26_write_cmd6() (length: 4) c26_write_cmd6_interface_b() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd6_itdis() (length: 4)

c26_write_cmd7_sc2_cfg0() (length: 2)
7 c26_write_cmd7() (length: 4) c26_write_cmd7_sc2_cfg1() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd7_sc2_cfg2( )(length: 4)

c26_write_cmd8_sc3_cfg0() (length: 2)
8 c26_write_cmd8() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd8_sc3_cfg2() (length: 3)

c26_write_cmd9_sc4_cfg0() (length: 2)
9 c26_write_cmd9() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd9_sc4_cfg2() (length: 3)

c26_write_cmd10_sc5_cfg0() (length: 2)
10 c26_write_cmd10() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd10_sc5_cfg2() (length: 3)

c26_write_cmd11_dcb_dcdcb() (length: 2)
11 c26_write_cmd11() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd11_dcb_ldo() (length: 3)

c26_write_cmd12_slctrl_slewctrl_1() (length: 2)
12 c26_write_cmd12() (length: 4) c26_write_cmd12_slctrl_slewctrl_2() (length: 3)
c26_write_cmd12_slctrl_slewctrl_3() (length: 4)
Note: The last register of a command can be write with 2 functions:
„ based on write command
„ based on register
The two functions are identical and only developed to simplify the use of the driver.

3-8 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

7561A–SCR–10/05
 Section 4
at83c26_api Description

The API module provides all functions to use the AT83C26.

Before defining all necessary functions, it is important to understand how the AT83C26
functions.
This component allows a large range of configurations.
The most logic configurations are selected and all corresponding functions are
developed.

4.1 Smartcard Due to the 2 multiplexed pins (CRST3/CC82 and CIO3/CC42), the SC2 interface and
Interface the SC3 interface share 2 pins.
If the SC2 interface uses CC4 and CC8 (full interface), SC3 is not usable.
If the SC2 interface does not use CC4 and CC8, SC3 is usable.
A smartcard interface can be used for a SIM/SAM interface. In this case CC4, CC8 and
CPRES are not used.
Several configurations are studied:
„ CONFIG 1: 1 full smartcard + 4 SIM/SAM
„ CONFIG 2: 2 full smartcards + 2 SIM/SAM
„ CONFIG 3: 1 full smartcard + 1 smartcard + 3 SIM/SAM
All functions to control the 3 configurations are developed.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 4-9

7561A–SCR–10/05
at83c26_api Description

Figure 4-1. CONFIG 1: 1 Full smartcard interfaces and 4 SIM/SAM interfaces

smart
card
connector smartcard
TWI bus

SIM
connector

microcontroller
AT83C26 SIM
IOs connector

SIM
connector

SIM
ISO7816 connector

Figure 4-2. CONFIG 2: 2 Full smartcard interfaces and 2 SIM/SAM interfaces

smart
card
connector smartcard
TWI bus

smart
card
connector smartcard
microcontroller
AT83C26 with
IOs CC4 and CC8

SIM
connector

SIM
connector
ISO7816

4-10 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

7561A–SCR–10/05
 at83c26_api Description

Figure 4-3. CONFIG 3: 1 Full smartcard interface, 1 smartcard interface and 3 SIM/SAM

smart
card
connector smartcard

TWI bus

smart
card
connector smartcard
microcontroller
AT83C26 without
IOs CC4 and CC8

SIM
connector

SIM
connector

SIM
connector
ISO7816

Table 4-1. Config functions

Function name Description

Uchar c26_config1_init()

Uchar c26_config2_init()

Uchar c26_config3_init()

4.2 DCDC Control The DCDCA and DCDCB outputs the CVCCx signals.
The DCDCA output is connected to CVCC1. The DCDCA voltage is controlled by
VCARD1[1:0] bits.
The DCDCB output is connected to 4 LDOs. The DCDCB voltage is controlled by
VDCB[1:0] bits. Each LDO output is controlled by VCARDn[1:0] (n = 2, 3, 4, 5).
The DCDCA and DCDCB need a 4MHz clock. Two internal oscillators provide this clock.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 4-11

7561A–SCR–10/05
at83c26_api Description

Figure 4-4. DC/DC Clock Block Diagram

Internal
Oscillator DC/DC A

Internal
Oscillator DC/DC B

The DC/DC A Converter can work in two different modes which are selected by
STEPREGA bit:
„ Pump Mode (STEPREGA = 0): an external inductance of 10µH must be connected
between pins LIA and VCC. VCC can be higher or lower than CVCC1.
„ Regulator mode (STEPREGA = 1): no external inductance is required but VCC must
be always higher than CVCC+0.3V.

The DC/DC B Converter can work in two different modes which are selected by
STEPREGB bit:
„ Pump Mode (STEPREGB = 0): an external inductance of 10µH must be connected
between pins LIB and VCC. VCC can be higher or lower than selected voltage.
„ Regulator mode (STEPREGB = 1): no external inductance is required but VCC must
be always higher than selected voltage+0.3V.

Table 4-2. DCDC control functions

Function name Function name Parameters description

Uchar c26_start_cvcc1(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_cvcc1(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCC1 voltage

Uchar c26_start_dcdcb(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_dcdcb(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCCB voltage

Uchar c26_start_cvcc2(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_cvcc2(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCC2 voltage

Uchar c26_start_cvcc3(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_cvcc3(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCC3 voltage

Uchar c26_start_cvcc4(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_cvcc4(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCC4 voltage

Uchar c26_start_cvcc5(Uchar uc_voltage) Uchar c26_stop_cvcc5(Uchar uc_voltage) uc_voltage = CVCC5 voltage

4-12 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

7561A–SCR–10/05
 at83c26_api Description

4.2.1 DCDCA Init The DCDCA output is connected to CVCC1. The startup of the DCDCA needs to follow
Procedure the procedure below.

Figure 4-5. DC/DC A Converter Initialization Procedure

DEMBOOSTA[1:0]=[0:0]

Set Time-out to 3 ms

VCARD_OK1=1

Decrement
DEMBOOSTA[1:0]
to adjust the
Time-out current overflow
Expired

END
Increment
DEMBOOSTA[1:0]

DEMBOOSTA[1:0]
is at Maximum?

DC/DC A Converter
Initialization Failure

END

4.2.2 DCDCB The DCDCB output is connected to 4 LDOs. The DCDCB must be started (VDCBOK =
1) before starting LDOs.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 4-13

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at83c26_api Description

Figure 4-6. DC/DC B Converter Initialization Procedure

DEMBOOSTB[1:0]=[0:0]

Set Time-out to 3 ms

VDCB_OK=1

Decrement
DEMBOOSTB[1:0]
to adjust the
Time-out current overflow
Expired

END
Increment (ready to start LDO)
DEMBOOSTB[1:0]

DEMBOOSTB[1:0]
is at Maximum?

DC/DC B Converter
Initialization Failure

END

4-14 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

7561A–SCR–10/05
 at83c26_api Description

4.3 smartcard The AT83C26 clock frequency range is between 4MHz and 48MHz. This signal is used
Clocks for logic unit and (if selected) for smartcard clock and DC/DC clock. Each SC interface
has a prescaler.
DCK[2:0] and CLKn[2:0] are used to configure the clock format cards.
If selected, a transparent mode on A2 pin is available for SC1 and SC2.

Figure 4-7. Smartcard Clock Block Diagram

A2/CK

smartcard CCLK
Analog drivers
Clock
CLK
Prescaler

Table 4-3. Clock functions

Function name Description

This function programs clock registers for

Uchar c26_init_clock()
SC1, SC2, SIM3, SIM4 and SIM5

4.4 I/O control Due to the 2 multiplexed pins (CRST3/CC82 and CIO3/CC42), the SC2 interface and
the SC3 interface share 2 pins.
If the SC2 interface uses CC4 and CC8 (full interface), SC3 isn’t usable.
If the SC2 interface doesn’t use CC4 and CC8, SC3 is usable.
A smartcard interface can be used for a SIM/SAM interface. In this case CC4, CC8 and
CPRES are not used.
Several configurations are studied:
„ 1 full smartcard + 4 SIM/SAM
„ 2 full smartcards + 2SIM/SAM
„ 1 full smartcard + 1 smartcard + 3 SIM/SAM
I/O1, I/O2, AUX1 and AUX2 are used to connect data to smartcard I/O pins.
The IOSEL[3:0] bits and IODISn bits are used to select the IO configuration. The user
must configure this register before to switch of SC interface.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 4-15

7561A–SCR–10/05
at83c26_api Description

Table 4-4. I/O functions

Function name Description

Uchar c26_init_sc1() IO config for SC1 interface

Uchar c26_init_sc2() IO config for SC2 interface

Uchar c26_init_sc3() IO config for SIM3 interface

Uchar c26_init_sc4() IO config for SIM4 interface

Uchar c26_init_sc5() IO config for SIM5 interface

Table 4-5. I/O Selection

IOSEL[3:0] IO1 IO2 AUX1 AUX2

0000 CIO1

0001 CIO2

0010 CIO3

0011 CIO4

0100 CIO5

0101 CIO1 CIO2 CC41 CIO3/CC42

0110 CIO1 CIO2 CC41 CIO4

0111 CIO1 CIO2 CC41 CIO5

1000 CIO1 CIO2 CC41 CC81

1001 CIO1 CIO3 CC41 CC81

1010 CIO1 CIO4 CC41 CC81

1011 CIO1 CIO5 CC41 CC81

1100 CIO1 CIO5 CIO3/CC42 CIO4

1101 CIO2 CIO5 CIO3/CC42 CIO4

1110 CIO2 CIO4 CIO3/CC42 CRST3/CC82

1111 CIO2 CIO5 CIO3/CC42 CRST3/CC82

4-16 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

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 at83c26_api Description

Table 1. Example of hardware configuration

microcontroller AT83C26

CIO IO1

CRST A1/RST

SCIB bus CCLK A2/RST

CC4 AUX1

CC8 AUX2

Table 4-6. Example of IO configuration

SC1 SC2 SIM3 SIM4 SIM5

IO1 CIO1 CIO2 CIO3 CIO4 CIO5

IO2 - - - - -

AUX1 CC41 CC42 - - -

AUX2 CC81 CC82 - - -

A2/CK CCLK1 CCLK2 - - -

A1/RST CRST1 CRST2 - - -

CARDRST3 bit - - CRST3 - -

CARDRST4 bit - - - CRST4 -

CARDRST5 bit - - - - CRST5

CLK prescaler CCLK3 CCLK4 CCLK5

IOSEL[3:0] 1000 1110 0010 0011 0100

4.5 Slew Rate The slew rate control is to adapt CCLK, CIO, CC4 and CC8 if a long cable is used
Control between AT83C26 outputs and the smartcard connector.
The reset value is the automatic mode.

4.6 Conclusion The AT83C26 allows a large range of configurations. The software driver provides func-
tions on the most logic configurations and gives to the user an example of use of the
component.
If the application needs a different configuration, the library functions are easy to use.

AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide 4-17

7561A–SCR–10/05
at83c26_api Description

Figure 4-8. Hardware Configuration

CLK
CPRES1, 2:
= 1 if no card

SDA
SCL

microcontroller AT83C26 Smart

A1/RST cards
CRST
Hardware CCLK A2/CK
SCIB and
CIO I/O1
SIM/SAM

DCDCA and DCDCB clocks are connected on

internal oscillator (4MHz)

4-18 AT83C26 Software Driver User Guide

7561A–SCR–10/05
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