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(A) plight of workers only in the canning factories
(B) deplorable conditions in the drug industry
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(D) unsanitary conditions that existed in the meatpacking industry
(E) triumph of capitalism

D is not the correct answer. You should have selected C.

EXPLANATION
Upton Sinclair wrote The Jungle primarily to focus on the need for Socialism to cure the problems of a
capitalistic society. Instead, his socialist message was lost in the descriptions of the deplorable working
conditions in Packingtown͛s meatpacking plants.

Topic: 1790-1914
Topic: Cultural and Intellectual Development
Type: Trend

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(B) signed a nonaggression pact with the Vietnamese Communists
(C) backed an authoritarian regime led by pro-Western Vietnamese
(D) attacked Communist positions near Cambodia and Laos
(E) scaled back its involvement in Vietnam

D is not the correct answer. You should have selected A.

EXPLANATION
After the French left Vietnam and the Geneva Accords were drafted in 1954, the U.S. supported democratic
reforms in the form of free elections. Vietnam was divided into North Vietnam and South Vietnam at the
seventeenth parallel, and elections were set for 1956. When it appeared that the North Vietnamese
candidate was likely to win the election, the U.S. and South Vietnam pulled out of the 1956 election.

Topic: 1915-Present
Topic: Diplomacy and International Relations
Type: Trend


 
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(A) was a victory for the colonial argument against the British use of writs of assistance for search
warrants
(B) helped establish the freedom of religion as specified in the 1649 Act of Toleration by Great Britain
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(D) established a concrete definition of treason that would later be used against the colonists during
the Revolutionary War
(E) established new guidelines for indentured servants͛ length of service and limited their use as labor
for five years
E is not the correct answer. You should have selected C.
EXPLANATION
The trial of Peter Zenger in 1735 was a landmark case in the development of common law protection for
free speech. In the Zenger case, a New York jury returned a verdict of "not guilty" on a charge of seditious
libel against the governor of New York.

Topic: 1492-1789
Topic: Social Change
Type: Fact

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(A) the inclusion of a Bill of Rights in the Constitution

(B) the granting of more powers to the states
(C) a system of checks and balances in order to prevent the federal government from becoming
tyrannical
(D) a strong executive office to head the new government under the Constitution
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D is not the correct answer. You should have selected E.

EXPLANATION
The Antifederalists, although outnumbered by the Federalists, were able to protect the rights of states
within the confines of a new federal government. They were able to secure the inclusion of a Bill of Rights
to protect the rights of citizens, won concessions of state control with the Tenth Amendment to the Bill of
Rights, put federal power under a system of checks and balances, and place a strong executive at the head
of the new government. The Antifederalists knew that they would be unable to draft a new constitution
and did not fight for it.

Topic: 1492-1789
Topic: Political Institutions and Public Policy
Type: EXCEPT



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(A) transforming the new republic into a manufacturing power
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(C) giving the new government authority to regulate and guide the economy
(D) forging a productive and cooperative partnership with Great Britain
(E) establishing the Bank of the United States

D is not the correct answer. You should have selected B.

EXPLANATION
Alexander Hamilton͛s vision for the new government involved the federal government͛s using its explicit
and implicit powers to govern the new nation. He envisioned a strong United States with sound
manufacturing, trade, and financial policies with a productive relationship with Great Britain. Hamilton did
NOT see a reliance on state government.
Topic: 1790-1914
Topic: Social Change
Type: EXCEPT


 

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(A) the assassination of Henry Frick, head of the Pinkerton Detective Agency
(B) its peaceful and nonviolent conclusion
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(D) the intercession by the president on behalf of the strikers
(E) the workers͛ gaining concessions on salary and workplace safety

D is not the correct answer. You should have selected C.

EXPLANATION
The Homestead Plant strike in 1892 saw several displaced workers opening fire on a barge loaded with 300
Pinkerton agents who were brought in to break the strike. A battle raged for several hours, and, in the end,
three Pinkerton agents and seven strikers were killed. The Homestead strike was a total defeat for the
workers and for unionism as a whole.

Topic: 1790-1914
Topic: Social Change
Type: Trend


 
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(A) expand the power of the military

(B) expand the power of the president
(C) restrict the power of Congress
(D) restrict the power of the military
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A is not the correct answer. You should have selected E.

EXPLANATION
The War Powers Act of 1973 was passed after the U.S. pulled out of Vietnam. The Act sought to severely
limit the president͛s power in dealing with an armed crisis. The Act required the president to notify
congress within 48 hours of taking any military action in a foreign country. Additionally the act required the
president to withdraw troops in any armed conflict within 60 days of their deployment unless otherwise
approved by congress.

Topic: 1915-Present
Topic: Political Institutions and Public Policy
Type: Trend

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(B) the Constitution allowed the president to acquire new territories
(C) his party pressed him to acquire it
(D) Napoleon was offering it for less that Jefferson had been willing to spend
(E) it would force a new limit on Spanish territorial gains

E is not the correct answer. You should have selected A.

EXPLANATION
Thomas Jefferson had long desired the westward expansion of the United States; the Louisiana Purchase
gave him the perfect opportunity to accomplish just that. Even though the Constitution was silent on the
issue of acquiring land and Jefferson was a strict constructionist, he simply could not pass on the land
bargain. He justified the purchase by claiming that the country would have approved of his actions.

Topic: 1790-1914
Topic: Political Institutions and Public Policy
Type: Trend

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(A) both men and women being sold at auctions

(B) children of slaves being sold to a neighboring plantation as a form of punishment
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(D) both male and female slaves working in the fields, and a small percentage of females performing
domestic duties and a small percentage of men working in other areas around the plantation
(E) the largest plantation owners comprising the smallest percentage of the Southern White
population but holding the largest percentage of slaves

B is not the correct answer. You should have selected C.

EXPLANATION
Slaves sought to form bonds of ͞community.͟ As families were literally torn apart by auctions and sales,
communal bonds with extended family became a valuable lifeline of support and way of maintaining
heritage.

Topic: 1790-1914
Topic: Cultural and Intellectual Development
Type: EXCEPT