NETWORK

Section A

Fill in the blank.

1. The type of signals that telephones typically send and receive are
__________________________.

( analog signal )

2. Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called a(n)
_______________________. (IP address)

3. ________________________ is a process of converting analog to digital signals.

(demodulation)

4. Name of the cable that transmit data as pulses of light through tubes of glass is
______________________ ( fiber optic)

5. ______________________ is a measure of communication channel’s capacity.

(bandwidth)

6. Countrywide and worldwide network are ______________________________ (wide area

network)

7. Fiber optic cables carry information using _____________________ of light and designed for
long distance network communications. (pulses)

8. Bluetooth technology supports reasonably high-speed _________________ connections between two computers
without the need for a network fixture. ( wireless )

Section B

1. Label the image below.

Twisted-pair cable

Coaxial cable
 Fiber-optic cable

2. Match the terms to its suitable meaning.

Node
Node requesting resources.
Client
Network operating system
Server
Large centralized computer
NOS
System where processing is
Distributed located and shared at
different location
Processing
Any device connected to a
Host
network
computer Node providing resources

Section C

1. Describe the characteristic of 3 network type LANs, MANs and WANs.

i) LAN (Local Area Network)

A local area network (LAN) supplies networking capability to a group of computers in close proximity to each other
such as in an office building, a school, or a home. A LAN is useful for sharing resources like files, printers, games or
other applications
LAN connects network devices over a relatively short distance.
A networked office building, school, or home usually contains a single LAN, though sometimes one building will
contain a few small LANs (perhaps one per room), and occasionally a LAN will span a group of nearby buildings. In
TCP/IP networking, a LAN is often but not always implemented as a single IP subnet.

In addition to operating in a limited space, LANs are also typically owned, controlled, and managed by a single
person or organization. They also tend to use certain connectivity technologies, primarily Ethernet and Token Ring

• Merupakan rangkaian kawasan setempat yang digunakan di

dalam kawasan yang kecil seperti sebuah bangunan.
• Meliputi kawasan seluas 10m sehingga 1km.
• Banyak digunakan untuk menghubungkan computer peribadi
dan stesen kerja syarikat
• Tujuan LAN digunakan ialah untuk perkongsian sumber
• LAN boleh beroperasi sehingga 10Gps

ii) MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)

Metropolitan Area Network - a network spanning a physical area larger than a LAN but smaller than a
WAN, such as a city. These network are used as link between office building in a city. A MAN is typically
owned an operated by a single entity such as a government body or large corporation.

• Digunakan untuk menghubungkan kawasan yang lebih besar daripada

LAN seperti sebuah bandar
• Ia meliputi luas kawasan sehingga 10km
• Contoh penggunaan MAN ialah rangkaian kabel television
• MAN boleh dihasilkan dengan gabugan beberapa LAN

iii) WAN(Wide area Network)

WAN - Wide Area Network
As the term implies, a WAN spans a large physical distance. The Internet is the largest WAN, spanning the Earth.

A WAN is a geographically-dispersed collection of LANs. A network device called a router connects LANs to a WAN.
In IP networking, the router maintains both a LAN address and a WAN address.

WAN differs from a LAN in several important ways. Most WANs (like the Internet) are not owned by any one
organization but rather exist under collective or distributed ownership and management. WANs tend to use
technology like ATM, Frame Relay and X.25 for connectivity over the longer distances.

• WAN digunakan untuk menghubungkan kawasan yang luas.

• Meliputi 100m sehingga 1000km
• Rangkain WAN memerlukan Subnet yang bertindak membawa mesej dari
satu host ke satu host yang lain dan router yang menghubungkan laluan
mesej
• WAN terbentuk daripada gabungan MAN ataupun LAN atau kedua-duanya

(10 mark)

2. What is a network topology? Discuss about bus topology, ring topology and star
topology.

Bus networks (not to be confused with the system bus of a computer) use a common backbone to connect all
devices. A single cable, the backbone functions as a shared communication medium that devices attach or tap into
with an interface connector. A device wanting to communicate with another device on the network sends a broadcast
message onto the wire that all other devices see, but only the intended recipient actually accepts and processes the
message

In a ring network, every device has exactly two neighbors for communication purposes. All messages travel through a
ring in the same direction (either "clockwise" or "counterclockwise"). A failure in any cable or device breaks the loop
and can take down the entire network. To implement a ring network, one typically uses FDDI, SONET, or Token Ring
technology. Ring topologies are found in some office buildings or school campuses.

Many home networks use the star topology. A star network features a central connection point called a "hub" that
may be a hub, switch or router. Devices typically connect to the hub with Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet.
Compared to the bus topology, a star network generally requires more cable, but a failure in any star network cable
will only take down one computer's network access and not the entire LAN. (If the hub fails, however, the entire
network also fails.)

(10 mark)

3. There are several components for computer network. Describe 3 component of

computer network.

iv) Client / Pelanggan

• Ia merupakan mesin atau alat yang digunakan untuk mencapai data
daripada sever
• Contoh-contoh client ialah computer peribadi, computer bimbit, PDA,
telefon mudah alih, pencetak dan video digital
v) Server / Pelayan
• Ia merupakan computer berkuasa tinggi yang lebih daripada 1
mikropemproses
• Server boleh terdiri daripada 1 atau lebih pangkalan data
• Ia boleh dicapai oleh client
• Data disimpan di dalam server dan diselenggarakan oleh ‘system
administrator’
• Server mempunyai kapasiti storan melebihi 30 GB sehingga ke terabait
• Contoh-contoh server ialah pelayan pangkalan data, pelayan web, pelayan
video dan pelayan pencetak

vi) NOS (Sistem Pengoperasian Rangkaian)

• Merupakan system pengoperasian yang digunakan di dalam suatu
rangkaian
• Contoh-contoh system pengoperasian ialah Linux, Solaris, HP, UNIC, Novel
Network dan Windows NT

vii) Saluran komunikasi

• Saluran komunikasi perlu dipertimbangkan untuk membangunkan suatu
rangkaian.
• Ia merupakan medium yang digunakan untuk pemindahan data
• Conroh-contoh saluran komunikasi ialah twisted pair (pasangan terpiuh),
coaxial cable (kabel sepaksi), optical fiber (fiber) dan wireless (tanpa
wayar)