Science For Class 7

Nutrition in Animals
Q 1 What is the mode of feeding in Python?
Mark (1)

Q 2 What are the two components of digestive system?

Mark (1)
The digestive tract and the associated glands.

Q 3 Name the process of taking in food?

Mark (1)

Q 4 Name the glands present in the mouth.

Mark (1)

Q 5 What helps the food to taste it by our tongue?

Mark (1)

Q 6 Name the largest gland in human body.

Mark (1)

Q 7 Write one similarity and one difference between the nutrition in amoeba and
human beings.
Marks (2)
Similarity: Both amoeba and human use digestive juices to digest food.
Difference: Human needs to chew food whereas in amoeba, there is no chewing.

Q 8 Why do we get instant energy from glucose?

Marks (2)
Glucose is the simplest form of carbohydrate that can be easily broken down to give
energy. Hence, we get instant energy from glucose.

Q 9 What is the function of premolars and molars? Write the number of both teeth
in each jaw. Marks (2)

Premolars and molars are used for chewing and grinding.

Premolars are 4 and molars are 6 in each jaw.

Q 10 Which teeth do you use for piercing and tearing? Write the number of these
teeth. Marks (2)

We use canines teeth for piercing and tearing.

There are four canines in each jaw.
Thus, total number of canines is eight.
Q 11 How many types of teeth do you find in humans? Name them.
Marks (2)
There are fours types of teeth in humans.
They are:
(a) Incisors
(b) Canines
(c) Premolars
(d) Molars
Q 12 What are the main steps of digestion in humans?
Marks (2)
The main steps of digestion in humans are:
(1)Ingestion
(2)Digestion
(3)Absorption
(4)Assimilation
(5)Egestion

Q 13 What is digestive System?

Marks (2)
he alimentary canal and the associated secretory glands together constitute the digestive
system.

Q 14 Name the type of food and mode of feeding of the following animals-
a) Ant
b) Mosquito
(a) Ant:
Type of food-Sugar, food particles
Mode of feeding -Scraping
(b) Mosquito:
Type of food- Blood
Mode of feeding -Sucking

Marks (2)

Q 15 Define digestion.
Marks (2)
The breakdown of complex components of food into simpler substances is known as
digestion.

Q 16 What do you understand by animal nutrition?

Marks (2)
Animal nutrition includes requirement of nutrients, mode of intake of food, and its
utilization in the body.
Q 17 Name the type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by
humans.
Marks (3)
Cellulose is a type of carbohydrate that can be digested by ruminants but not by humans.
Ruminants have a large sac like structure called rumen present between the small
intestine and large intestine.
The cellulose is digested here by certain bacteria which are not present in humans.

Q 18 What do you understand by rumen and rumination?

Marks (3)
Grass eating animals like cows, buffaloes etc. quickly swallow the grass and store it in a
separate part of the stomach called rumen.
In rumen, the food is partially digested and is called cud.
The cud returns to the mouth in small lumps and is chewed by the animal. The process is
known as rumination and the animals are called ruminants.

Q 19 Write the functions of the tongue.

Marks (3)
The functions of the tongue are as follows:
(1) It is used for talking.
(2) It mixes saliva with the food during chewing and helps in swallowing food.
(3) It is used to identify the taste of food like sweet or salty etc. due to presence of taste buds on it.

Q 20 What is the difference between milk teeth and permanent teeth?

Marks (3)

The differences between milk teeth and permanent teeth are as follows—

Milk teeth Permanent teeth

(1) It is the first set of teeth which (1) It is the second set of teeth that
grows during infancy replaces the milk teeth.
(2) These teeth fall off at the age of (2) These teeth may last throughout life
six to eight years. or fall off during old age.
(3) The number of these teeth is (3) The number of these teeth is thirty-
about twenty. two.
Q 21 Draw labelled diagrams of -
(a)Regions of the tongue for different tastes
(b)Amoeba
(5 Marks)
(Ans)
(a)Regions of taste buds on tongue

(b)
Q 22 Write short notes on:
(a) The stomach
(b) The liver
Marks (5)
(Ans)
(a) The stomach is a U shaped muscular bag which receives food from the Oesophagus at
one end and opens into the small intestine at the others. The inner lining of the stomach
secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and digestive juices.Mucous protects its lining,HCL
kills bacteria of food and juices contain digestive enzymes.
(b) The liver is a reddish brown gland situated in the upper part of the abdomen on the
right side. It is the largest gland in the body. It secretes bile juice, which is stored in a sac
called gall bladder. The bile helps in the digestion of fats.

Q 23 Write a short note on structure and feeding in amoeba.

Marks (5)
(Ans)
Amoeba is a single celled organism found in pond water. It has a cell membrane, a dense,
round nucleus and many bubbles like vacuoles. Amoeba constantly changes its shape and
position. It pushes out one or more finger like projections, called pseudopodia or false
feet for movement and capture of food. Amoeba feeds on some microscopic organisms.
When it senses food, it pushes out pseudopodia around the food particle and engulfs it.
The food becomes trapped in a food vacuole and digested by the digestive juices.

Q 24 What are villi? What is their function?

Marks (5)
Ans)
The inner walls of the small intestine have thousands of fringes like outgrowths known as
villi.
The villi increase the surface area for absorption of the digested food.
Each villus has a network of thin and small blood vessels close to its surface.
The surface of the villi absorbs the digested food materials.
The absorbed substances are transported via the blood vessels to different organs of the
body.

Q 25 Write a note on stomach.

Marks (5)
The stomach is a thick walled, flattened U shaped bag.
It receives food from the Oesophagus at one end and opens into the small intestine at the
others.
The inner lining of the stomach secretes mucous, hydrochloric acid and digestive juices.
The mucous protects the lining of the stomach, the acid kills bacteria which enter through
the food plus it makes the medium acidic in the stomach.
The digestive juices break down the proteins into simpler substances.
Q 26 What do you understand by alimentary canal or digestive tract?
Marks (5)
A continuous canal, which begins at the buccal cavity and ends at the anus inside the
body, is known as alimentary canal or digestive tract.
The alimentary canal consists of the following parts---
(1) The buccal cavity
(2) Food pipe or Oesophagus
(3) Stomach
(4) Small intestine
(5) Large intestine
(6) The rectum and the anus

Science For Class 7

Nutrition in Plants
Q 1 Name a plant that has both autotrophic as well as heterotrophic mode of
nutrition.
Mark (1)
(Ans)
Pitcher plant.

Q 2 Name the pores through which leaves exchange gases.

Mark (1)
Stomata.

Q 3 What is a lichen?
Mark (1)
A lichen is an association of an alga and a fungus.

Q 4 What is the stored form of carbohydrates in plants?

Mark (1)
Starch.

Q 5 Why in the rainy season does a loaf of bread turn blue, brown or greenish?

Mark (1)
This is due to growth of fungi on the loaf of bread.
Q 6 Write chemical equation of photosynthesis
Marks (2)

Sunlight

6 CO2+ 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Carbon dioxide Water chlorophyllGlucose Oxygen

Q 7 How are nutrients replenished in the soil?

Marks (2)

By adding manure or fertilizers in the soil, nutrients can be replenished.

Q 8 Why does the pitcher plant feed on insects though it is green?

Marks (2)
The pitcher plant does not get all the required nutrients especially those of nitrogen from
the soil, hence it feeds on insects.

Q 9 How would you test the presence of starch in leaves?

Marks (2)
Put 2-3 drops of dilute iodine solution on the leaves.
Appearance of a blue-black colour indicates presence of starch in the leaves.

Q 10 What do you mean by Heterotrophs?

Marks (2)

Hetrotrophs i.e, Hetro=Others, trophs=nourishment

The organisms that take in ready-made food prepared by the plants directly or indirectly,
are known as Heterotrophs e.g. all animals like cow, lion, birds etc.

Q 11 What is Autotrophic nutrition? Give example of autotrophs.

Marks (2)
Autotrophs i.e ; Auto=Self , trophs = nourishment
Autotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms make food for
themselves from simple substances. Plants are autotorphs.

Q 12 Why do organisms need to take food?

Marks (2)
Food provides energy to do work,for growth,developement and maintenance of body.
Hence organisms need to take food.
Q 13 Define nutrition.
Marks (2)
The mode of taking in food by an organism and its utilization by the body for its various
activities, is called nutrition.

Q 14 What are nutrients?

Marks (2)
The components of food necessary for the growth , development and repair of body are
known as nutrients.
These are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.

Q 15 How do fungi appear suddenly during the rainy season?

Marks (3)
Air generally consists of fungal spores.
When these spores come in contact with warm things they germinate and grow. During
rainy season, there are more chances of things getting wet.
Hence, fungi appear more in rainy season.

Q 16 What is the difference between a parasite and a saprotroph? Give example.

Marks (3)
The differences between a parasite and a saprotroph are as follows.

Parasite
(1) A parasite mostly lives in or on the
living host.
(2) Parasite derives nutrients from the
living organisms. Example-
Cuscuta (Amerbel)
Saprotroph
(1) A saprotroph lives on dead and
decaying matter.
(2) Saprotroph derives nutrients from
dead and decaying organisms
Example - Fungi

Q 17 What is photosynthesis?
Marks (3)
Green plants in the presence of carbon dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll can
prepare their own food.
Oxygen is evolved in this reaction.
The photosynthesis occurs in green leaves.

Q 18 What are insectivorous plants? Explain with example.

Marks (5)
Some plants can trap insects and digest them.
Insect eating plants are known as insectivorous plants e.g. Pitcher plant.In pitcher plant,
the leaf is modified to a pitcher like structure.The tip of the leaf forms a lid, which can
open and close the mouth of the pitcher. There are hairs which are directed downwards
inside the pitcher. When an insect lands in the pitcher, the lid closes and the trapped
insect gets entangled into the hair. The digestive juices secreted in the pitcher digest the
insect.
Q 19 Draw the figures of:
(a) Stomata
(b) Schematic diagram showing photosynthesis
Marks (5)
(Ans)
(a)

(b)
 Q 20 What is Symbiosis? Explain with example.
Marks (5)
The relationship in which two different organisnms live together in such a way that they
benefit each other in some way is called the symbiosis e.g.lichens.
In lichens chlorophyll containing partner which is an alga and a fungus live together. The
fungus gives shelter, water and minerals to the alga and in return, the alga gives food
prepared by photosynthesis.

Q 21 Why are leaves called the food factories of plants? Explain.

Marks (5)
Green leaves have all the raw materials neccessary to carry the process of photosynthesis.

They have chlorophyll (green pigment) which captures the energy of sunlight.
Leaves consist of tiny pores called stomata on their surface.
Carbon dioxide from air is taken in through stomata.
Water and minerals are absorbed by the roots from the soil and transported to the leaves
by vessels.
Thus, leaves are called the food factories of plants.

Science For Class 7

Fibre to Fabric
Q 1 Define Sericulture.
Mark (1)
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Q 2 What is scouring?
Mark (1)
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Q 3 Which animal material is used to weave fine, soft shawls called Pashmina shawls?
Mark (1)
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Q 4 Where are the sheep kept in winters?

Mark (1)
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Q 5 Name the most common silk moth.

Mark (1)
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Q 6 How many eggs can a female silk moth lay?

Mark (1)
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Q 7 What treatment is given to the cocoons to separate out the threads?
Mark (1)
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Q 8 Name the protein which is the chief component of wool fibres.

Mark (1)
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Q 9 Which animal produces angora wool?

Mark (1)
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Q 10 Why wool has a greater bulk than silk?

Mark (1)
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Q 11 Define the term grading.

Mark (1)
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Q 12 Which country is the largest producer of wool?

Mark (1)
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Q 13 Why caterpillars should not be collected with bare hands?

Marks (2)
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Q 14 Why caterpillars need to shed their skin when they grow bigger?
Marks (2)
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Q 15 What is reeling?
Marks (2)
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Q 16 Write sequence of steps in the processing of wool.

Marks (2)
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Q 17 Name any four wool-yielding animals.

Marks (2)
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Q 18 What is selective breeding?

Marks (2)
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Q 19 Name two types of fibres which form the hairy skin of the sheep.
Marks (2)
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Q 20 Why wool yielding animals have a thick coat of hair?

Marks (2)
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Q 21 Names four varieties of silk.

Marks (2)
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Q 22 Which respiratory diseases are common among the workers of

sericulture industry? What is the cause of the disease?
Marks (2)
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Q 23 Why does silk have different varieties?

Marks (2)
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Q 24 Why is skirting done before the preparation of fleece?

Marks (2)
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Q 25 What is the structural unit of fabrics?

Marks (2)
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Q 26

Write various stages of the life history of silk moth.

Marks (3)
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Q 27 What is meant by the following -

(a) Rearing
(b) Shearing
Marks (3)
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Q 28 What is dyeing? Why is it done on fabrics and wools?

Marks (3)
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Q 29

How is silk produced?

Marks (5)
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Q 30 Give reasons of the following -

(a) Why it hurts when someone pulls his hair but not when he goes for a haircut?
(b) Why a cotton garment cannot keep us as warm in winter as a woollen sweater can?
Marks (5)
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Q 31

What are the steps followed in the processing of fibres into wool?

Marks (5)
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Most Important Questions

Q 1 What is a fibre?
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Q 2 Fibres are classified into how many types?

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Q 3 Write the two types of fibres.

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Q 4 Define natural fibres?

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Q 5 Give two examples of natural fibres.

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Q 6 What are animal fibres?

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Q 7 Write any two examples of animal fibres.

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Q 8 From where do we get wool?
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Q 9 What is wool?
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Q 10 Which animal material is used to weave fine and soft shawls called
Pashmina?
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Q 11
Which of the following can provide hair as wool source?
(A) Camel
(B) Ilama
(C) Alpaca
(D) All of these

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Q 12
Sorter’s disease is associated with-
(A) Cotton industry.
(B) Wool industry.
(C) Silk industry.
(D) None of the above.

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Q 13 What do you understand by rearing?

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Q 14 What is selective breeding?

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Q 15 What are synthetic fibres?

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Q 16 Name the two breeds of sheep which have finest fleece?

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Q 17
Find odd one out-
(A) Goat
(B) Camel
(C) Yak
(D) Woolly dog
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Q 18 Why wool yielding animals have a thick coat of hair?

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Q 19 Name an Indian breed of sheep which gives good quality wool.

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Q 20
Match the items of column ‘A’ and column ‘B’

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’

(i) Alpaca (a)The bringing up and looking after
the sheep
(ii) Wool (b) Cotton
(iii) Rearing (c) Protein
(iv) Natural fibre (d) Wool yielding animal

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Q 21 What is shearing of wool?

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Q 22 Define scouring.
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Q 23 What do you mean by carding?

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Q 24 What is roving?
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Q 25
The fleece are combed to remove-
(A) Burrs.
(B) Dust.
(C) Low quality hair.
(D) None of these

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Q 26 What are the uses of wool?

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Q 27 Name the plant on which silk larva feeds.

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Q 28
Muga is the strongest variety of –
(A) Wool
(B) Silk
(C) Cotton
(D) Jute

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Q 29 What is sericulture?
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Q 30 What is reeling of silk?

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Q 31 Define moulting.
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Q 32 What is the scientific name of mulberry?

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Q 33
Which of the following disease is most common among the workers of
sericulture industry?
(A) Respiratory and skin
(B) Cancer and skin
(C) T.B.
(D) Cancer and T.B.

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Q 34 Who discovered silk?

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Q 35
Cocoon is -
(A) The fibre cover spun by the silk larva around its body on changing into
pupa state.
(B) The stage of larva.
(C) Both ‘A’ and ‘B’
(D) None of these

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Q 36 How many eggs can a female silk moth lay?

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Q 37
In the life cycle of silkworm, which stage comes before?
(A) Cocoon
(B) Caterpillar
(C) Cocoon with developing moth
(D) Adult

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Q 38
Fill in the blanks-
(i) ----is the largest producer of silk.
(ii) Silk is a ----conductor of heat.
(iii) -----is a dried perspiration found in raw wool.
(iv) A----is a long continuous thread.

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Q 39
Match the items of column ‘A’ and column ‘B’
Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’
(i) Cocoon (a) Wool
(ii) Science of rearing silk (b) Yields silk fibres.
worms so as to obtain silk.
(iii) Australia
(iv) China (c) Sericulture
(d) Silk

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