Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
I UNIT-CONDUCTING MATERIALS
Part – A
Define mobility give its unit.
Define Drift velocity.
What are the drawbacks of classical free electron theory.
Define Mean free path.
Define Collision Time.
Define Electrical Conductivity.
Define Thermal Conductivity.
State Wiedemann-Franz law.
Define Lorentz number.
Define relaxation time of an electron.
What is Planck’s Hypothesis?
State Planck’s radiation – law.
Define Compton-effect.
Write Planck’s radiation formula.
Write down Schroedinger time independent and time dependent wave equation with symbol.
Give the physical significance of wave function.
What are the eigen value and eigen function?
Write Fermi-Dirac distribution formula.
Define Fermi level and Fermi Energy with its importance.
How does Fermi function vary with temperature
what is work function.
What are bound and free electrons?
For Copper the relaxation time is 10-14 seconds. The free electron density is
2 × 1028/ m3. Calculate its electrical conductivity.
What is the probability of an electron bring thermally promoted to the Conduction band in
silicon (Ec= 1.07 eV) at 25°C?
Give the expression for change in wavelength of a scattered X-ray Photon.
Part-B
Derive the electrical conductivity of a metal based on classical free electron theory.
Derive the thermal conductivity of a metal based on classical free electron theory.
State and Prove Wiedemann-Frantz law.
What is Compton Effect? Give the theory of Compton Effect and Show that the Compton shift
Δλ = h. (1 – cosθ)/m0c.
Explain the application of Schrodinger wave equation to a one Dimensional Potential well.
Derive Time independent Schrödinger wave equation and hence deduce the time dependent
Schrödinger equation.
Describe the energy band theory of solids with the help of neat band diagram. Distinguish
between metals insulator and semiconductor on the basis of band theory.
Derive the expression for Planck’s theory of Black body radiation.
Part-B
Obtain and expression for the carrier concentration in an intrinsic semi-conductor. Calculate the
intrinsic concentration of charge carriers at 300˚K, given me= 0.12mo,
Discuss electrical conductivity of intrinsic semi-conductor and hence derive an expression for the
band gap energy.
Derive an expression for carrier concentration in an N-type semi-conductor (Density of electrons
in the conduction band).
Derive an expression for the density of holes in the valence band of an P-type semi-conductor.
Discuss the variation of Fermi-level with temperature in N-type and P-type semi-conductors.
Discuss the variation of carrier concentration with temperature for N-type and P-type
semiconductors.
Explain the determination of Hall co-efficient, carrier concentration and mobility of charge
carriers of a semi-conductor.
Part B
Magnetic materials:
What are diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibilities of material? Discuss the temperature
variation of their susceptibility.
Discuss Langevin theory of a paramagnetic gas and obtain an expression for the paramagnetic
susceptibility of the gas. What are the main drawbacks of the theory?
Derive an expression for the magnetic moment M of a paramagnetic solid on the basis of
quantum theory.
What is Ferro magnetism? Explain the reason for the formation of domain structure in
ferromagnetic material and how the hysteresis curve is explained on the basis of the domain
theory.
a) Classify the magnetic materials on the basis of their spin.
b) What are ferromagnetic domains?
c) Discuss Weiss theory of Ferro magnetism.
d) What are its merits and demerits?
Give an account of Weiss theory of Ferro magnetism and show from the post of Langevin
function spontaneous magnetization exists below the Curie temperature and vanishes above the
Curie temperature.
Explain the domain theory of Ferro magnetism. Using that how will you explain the properties of
Ferro magnetic materials?
Draw a B-H curve for a Ferro magnetic material and identify retentivity and coercitivity field on
the curve.
Write an essay on different magnetic storage media. What are their relative merits and demerits?
In detail explain how data are stored in magnetic materials. What are the functions of writing and
reading heads? How are they designed?
What are hard and Soft magnetic materials compare their properties Give example.
Discuss the phenomenon of anti-ferromagnetism. How does an anti-ferromagnetic substance
differ from diamagnetic substances?
SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS:
Part-A
Part-B
Discuss in detail the various dielectric breakdown mechanisms.
Deduce Clausius Mosotti equation and explain its use in predicting the dielectric constant of
solids
Derive an expression for the orientation polarizability.
What is meant by polarization in dielectric? Arrive at the relation between the dielectric constant
and atomic polarizability.
Show that the imaginary part of the dielectric constant accounts for a condenser being lossy.
Explain the different types of polarization mechanisms involved in a dielectric material
What is meant by local field in a dielectric and how is it calculated for a cubic structure/deduce
the Clausius Mosotti equation
Write a short note on dielectric loss and breakdown mechanism and application of dielectric
materials
Part-B
What are Nano phase materials? Explain how the physical properties vary with geometry
Give the concept properties and applications of metallic glasses.
Explain the various techniques used to prepare Nano phase materials.
How are metallic glasses prepared? Explain how the melt spinner device can be used to produce
metallic glasses.
Give the properties and applications of Nano phase materials.
What is meant by SMA? Explain its working.
Give the characteristics and applications of shape memory alloys.
Explain the various techniques to produce carbon Nano tubes.
Give the properties and application of carbon Nano tubes.