PHARMACOLOGY OF CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM

INTRODUCTION:
Ceftriaxone is a third generation, semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.
Cephalosporins are derivatives of 7-aminocephalosporic acid and are closely related to
penicillins in structure. Cephalosporins have a six membered sulfur containing ring adjoining
a ß lactam ring. Ceftriaxone is a broad spectrum, ß lactmase resistant antibiotic effective
against a wide range of gram positive and gram negative bacterias.

CATEGORY:

Ceftriaxone sodium belongs to the category of

 Anti-infective drugs
 Antibiotics, systemic
 Beta-lactam drugs .

PHARMACOKINETICS:

Volume of distribution is found to be 0.15 l/kg and plasma protien binding

is 95%. and metabolism is reported hepatic. Renal Excretion accounts for 56% and
plasma half life is 6-9 hr.

INDICATIONS:
Ceftriaxone (Na) is primarily indicated in conditions like Bacteremia,
Benign gastric, duodenal or NSAID-associated ulceration, Bone and joint infection,
Chancroid, Enteric fever, Gonococcal infections, Lower respiratory tract infections,
Meningitis, Pneumonia, Pophylaxis of cardiac transplant rejection, Pophylaxis of hepatic
transplant rejection, Septicaemia, Skin infections, Soft tissue infections, Surgical
prophylaxis, Sympathetic block, Syphilis, Urinary tract infection.

MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Ceftriaxone sodium inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis there by effective against
both gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
CONTRA INDICATIONS:

Ceftriaxone (Na) is known to interact with other drugs like Alcohol.

These interactions are sometimes beneficial and sometimes may pose threats to life.
Always consult your physician for the change of dose regimen or an alternative drug of
choice that may strictly be required.

SIDE EFFECTS:

The severe or irreversible adverse effects of Ceftriaxone (Na), which give rise to
further complications include Jaundice, Eosinophilia, Leucopenia, Neutropenia,
Thrombocytosis, Biliary pseudolithiasis, Erythema multiforme.

DOSAGE:

The maximum dose of ceftriaxone sodium is 4 g/day.

WARNINGS/PRECAUTIONS:

Ceftriaxone should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney

or liver function. Appropriate measure should be taken if secondary infection occurs.

DRUG PROFILE:

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE:
IUPAC NAME:

MOLECULAR FORMULA: C18H16N8Na2O7S3.31/2H2O

MOLECULAR WEIGHT: 598.54

SYNONYMS: Rosihlitazone;CEFTRIAXONE NA;RO-13-9904/001;ROCEFIN
ROCEPHINE;CEFTRIASONE SODIUM;CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM
INJ;CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM SALT;CEFTRIAXONE SODIUM
HYDRATE;Ceftriaxone sodium sterile Ceftriaxone Sodium Sterile
Usp26

MELTING POINT: 236 °C

REFRACTIVE INDEX: - 160 ° (C=1, H2O)

STORAGE TEMPERATURE: 2-8°C

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: white crystalline solid

USAGE: Anti-bacterial

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: β -lactam antibiotic. Displays neuroprotective activity in vivo via

upregulation and increased activity of the EAAT2 glutamate transporter